選修7_unit1_living_well(Reading課文知識(shí)點(diǎn))

1、人教課標(biāo)版人教課標(biāo)版 高二選修高二選修7Unit 11. disable v. 使使.失去能力失去能力 disabled adj. 傷殘的傷殘的 the disabled 殘疾人殘疾人; 傷殘者傷殘者 disability n. 傷殘傷殘;無(wú)能無(wú)能;無(wú)力無(wú)力Usagedisability既有可數(shù)又有不可數(shù)。既有可數(shù)又有不可數(shù)。 表示表示“殘疾殘疾”用作可數(shù)，表示用作可數(shù)，表示“無(wú)能，勞動(dòng)無(wú)能，勞動(dòng)能力喪失能力喪失”用作不可數(shù)；用作不可數(shù)；disable表示表示“使殘疾，使使殘疾，使能力喪失能力喪失”; disabled表表示示“殘疾的，傷殘的殘疾的，傷殘的”，常用于，常用于the disabl

2、ed 表表“殘疾人殘疾人” 。e.g. Old age disabled him for hard labour. 年邁使他不能干繁重的工作。年邁使他不能干繁重的工作。 He was disabled from walking by the accident. 由于車(chē)禍由于車(chē)禍, 他不能走路了。他不能走路了。He devoted his life to helping the disabled. 他付出一生的心血去幫助那些殘疾人。他付出一生的心血去幫助那些殘疾人。She swims well despite her disabilities. 她雖然身有殘疾她雖然身有殘疾, 卻是個(gè)游泳好手。卻

3、是個(gè)游泳好手。用用disable, disabled, disability的正確形式的正確形式填空。填空。1. People come to agree that the _ should also be treated with respect.2. People with _ should not be looked down upon.3. The unexpected accident _ her from undertaking heavy work.disableddisableddisabilitiesPractice2. She is proud to have taken

4、part in competitions and to have broken a record by running two laps this year. 今年她參加了多次比賽今年她參加了多次比賽, 而且打破了而且打破了兩圈兩圈 (800米米) 賽跑的紀(jì)錄。賽跑的紀(jì)錄。to have done 是不定式的完成形式是不定式的完成形式, 這種形這種形式表示不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。式表示不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。e.g. She said she was sorry to have missed you. 她說(shuō)她是很遺憾沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到你。她說(shuō)她是很遺憾沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到你。翻譯下列句子翻譯下列句子

5、: 對(duì)不起對(duì)不起, 讓你等了這么久。讓你等了這么久。Im sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time.3. In other words, there are not many people like me. 換句話(huà)說(shuō)換句話(huà)說(shuō), 像我這樣的人并不多。像我這樣的人并不多。 in other words 換句話(huà)說(shuō)換句話(huà)說(shuō) in a word 總而言之總而言之 in word 口頭上口頭上in plain words 率真地說(shuō)率真地說(shuō)have a word with sb. 和某人談?wù)労湍橙苏務(wù)刪ave words with sb. 和某人

6、吵架和某人吵架get in a word 插話(huà)插話(huà)keep ones word 守信用守信用; 履行諾言履行諾言I dont have money or time, _, I cant accompany you to the Great Wall.A. in a word B. in other words C. in word D. in plain words小試牛刀小試牛刀4. Unfortunately, the doctors dont know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to ad

7、apt to my disability. 不幸的是不幸的是, 大夫們不知道如何治好我大夫們不知道如何治好我的病的病, 但是我很開(kāi)朗樂(lè)觀(guān)但是我很開(kāi)朗樂(lè)觀(guān), 學(xué)會(huì)了適應(yīng)學(xué)會(huì)了適應(yīng)身體的殘疾。身體的殘疾。不定式和疑問(wèn)詞不定式和疑問(wèn)詞whether, what, which, whom, where, when, how, why等連用等連用, 在句中起名詞性作用在句中起名詞性作用, 常跟在常跟在tell, know, show, decide, learn, wonder, explain, advise, teach, discuss, find out等動(dòng)詞等動(dòng)詞后作賓語(yǔ)后作賓語(yǔ), 有時(shí)也作主

8、語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。有時(shí)也作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)。考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)1e.g. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research? 你知道如何在科學(xué)研究中證明一個(gè)你知道如何在科學(xué)研究中證明一個(gè)新觀(guān)點(diǎn)嗎？新觀(guān)點(diǎn)嗎？ How to do it is a problem for me now. 現(xiàn)在對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)如何去做是一個(gè)問(wèn)題?，F(xiàn)在對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)如何去做是一個(gè)問(wèn)題?！就卣雇卣埂拷樵~后一般不直接跟不定式介詞后一般不直接跟不定式, 但可但可以跟疑問(wèn)詞以跟疑問(wèn)詞+不定式短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。不定式短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)。e.g. Mary gave some advice on how to le

9、arn English. I have no idea of how to do it.【隨時(shí)練隨時(shí)練】-Do you have the experience like that?-Well, Ive done the work before, so I know what _ in my new job here.A. expected B. expecting C. to expect D. to be expectingadapt (oneself) to sth. 使某人適應(yīng)使某人適應(yīng)adapt sth. for sth. 使適應(yīng)使適應(yīng), 使適合使適合(新用途、新情況新用途、新情況)a

10、dapt sth. for sb. 為某人改編為某人改編(改寫(xiě)改寫(xiě)) be adapted from 根據(jù)根據(jù)改編改編(改寫(xiě)改寫(xiě))考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)2The children found it hard to adapt (themself) to their new school. 孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難適應(yīng)新學(xué)校孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難適應(yīng)新學(xué)校(的生活的生活)。She adapted herself quickly to her new job.她很快適應(yīng)了她的新工作。她很快適應(yīng)了她的新工作。adaptable adj. 能適應(yīng)的能適應(yīng)的; 可改編的可改編的adaptation n. 適應(yīng)適應(yīng); 改編本改編本ada

11、pter/adaptor n. 適應(yīng)者適應(yīng)者; 改編者改編者派生詞：派生詞：1) She found it difficult to _ herself to the new surroundings. A. adapt B. force C. fit in D. change2) These are English story books _ Chinese students. A. adapted from B. adapted for C. adapted to D. adapting for ladapt: 指修改或改變以適應(yīng)新條件指修改或改變以適應(yīng)新條件ladjust: 多指多指 “

12、調(diào)整調(diào)整, 調(diào)節(jié)調(diào)節(jié)”使之適應(yīng)使之適應(yīng)lfit: 多指多指“大小適合大小適合”，引申為，引申為“吻合吻合”lsuit: 多指多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、合乎要求、口味、性格、情況情況”lmatch: 指指“大小、色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)大小、色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)”等相配或相稱(chēng)等相配或相稱(chēng)辨析辨析: adapt, adjust, fit, suit, match1) You cant see through the telescope until it is _ to your eyes.2) The shoes _ me well.3) A red jacket doesnt _ green trouse

13、rs.4) No dish _ all tastes.5) You should _ yourself to the new environment.adjustedfitmatchsuitsadaptPractice5. My motto is: live one day at a time. 我的座右銘是我的座右銘是: 活一天算一天。活一天算一天。 at a time 一次一次, 依次依次, 每次每次 常與表示數(shù)量的詞語(yǔ)搭配使用常與表示數(shù)量的詞語(yǔ)搭配使用; at one time (過(guò)去過(guò)去)有個(gè)時(shí)期有個(gè)時(shí)期, 一度一度, 曾曾 經(jīng)常用于過(guò)去時(shí)經(jīng)常用于過(guò)去時(shí)e.g. The girl of

14、ten eats one apple at a time now, but at one time she ate several apples in an hour. 現(xiàn)在這女孩經(jīng)常每次吃一個(gè)蘋(píng)果現(xiàn)在這女孩經(jīng)常每次吃一個(gè)蘋(píng)果, 但但她曾經(jīng)一個(gè)小時(shí)吃了幾個(gè)。她曾經(jīng)一個(gè)小時(shí)吃了幾個(gè)。更多更多time短語(yǔ)：短語(yǔ)：at times 有時(shí)有時(shí) at the same time 同時(shí)同時(shí)at any time 隨時(shí)隨時(shí)all the time 一直一直in time 及時(shí)及時(shí) on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)準(zhǔn)時(shí) in no time 立刻立刻 ahead of time 提前提前from time to time

15、 時(shí)不時(shí)時(shí)不時(shí)_ I had it in mind to study law.我曾經(jīng)想學(xué)法律。我曾經(jīng)想學(xué)法律。 You call borrow only two books _.你一次只可以借兩本書(shū)。你一次只可以借兩本書(shū)。_, we watch TV.有時(shí)我們看電視。有時(shí)我們看電視。At one timeat a timeAt times6. I used to climb trees, swim and play football. 我過(guò)去常常爬樹(shù)、游泳和踢足球。我過(guò)去常常爬樹(shù)、游泳和踢足球。 used to表示表示“過(guò)去常常做過(guò)去常常做”, 暗含現(xiàn)暗含現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)這樣做。在已經(jīng)這樣做。 其否定

16、式為其否定式為used not to do sth. 或或didnt use to do sth. used to do sth.的反意疑問(wèn)句形式用的反意疑問(wèn)句形式用usednt 或或didnt。e.g. My father used to read newspapers after breakfast. There used to be a meeting on Monday, didnt/usednt there? 相關(guān)句型：相關(guān)句型：be used to do sth. 被用來(lái)做某事被用來(lái)做某事(是是use sth. to do sth.的被動(dòng)形式的被動(dòng)形式)be/get used to

17、 (doing) sth. 習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于(做做)某事某事e.g. The wood is used to make paper. Im getting used to the cold weather. 小試牛刀小試牛刀用用used 的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)完成句子。的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)完成句子。 The man has _ living alone. I _ travel by train, but now by car.1)What disease can the new medicine _ deal with?got used to be used to used to 7. , when I got out

18、 of breath after running a short way or had to stop . out of breath 上氣不接下氣上氣不接下氣, 喘不過(guò)喘不過(guò)e.g. Dont make him carry such a heavy box, or he will be out of breath. 別讓他搬別讓他搬那么重的箱子那么重的箱子, 否則他會(huì)喘不過(guò)氣的。否則他會(huì)喘不過(guò)氣的。When he climbed to the top of the mountain, he was nearly out of breath. 當(dāng)他爬到山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候當(dāng)他爬到山頂?shù)臅r(shí)候, 幾乎是上氣

19、不接下幾乎是上氣不接下氣。氣。關(guān)于關(guān)于breath的短語(yǔ)：的短語(yǔ)：catch ones breath 歇口氣歇口氣, 緩口氣緩口氣hold ones breath 屏住呼吸屏住呼吸above ones breath 高聲地高聲地lose ones breath 喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)喘不過(guò)氣來(lái)recover ones breath 緩過(guò)氣來(lái)緩過(guò)氣來(lái)waste ones breath 白費(fèi)口舌白費(fèi)口舌take / draw a deep breath 深吸一口氣深吸一口氣8. do not make me annoyed, annoy vt. 使不悅使不悅;惹怒惹怒;打擾打擾 annoyed adj. (人

20、人)感到生氣感到生氣(惱怒惱怒)的的 annoying adj. (事情事情)惹人生氣的惹人生氣的 annoyance n. 煩惱煩惱;煩擾煩擾常用搭配：常用搭配：be annoyed with sb. 對(duì)對(duì)感到生氣感到生氣be annoyed for /at/about sth. 對(duì)對(duì)感到惱火感到惱火to sbs annoyance 讓某人惱火的是讓某人惱火的是e.g. These flies are annoying me. 這些蒼蠅真使我心煩。這些蒼蠅真使我心煩。 She looked annoyed. 她看樣子很煩惱。她看樣子很煩惱。Dorian is never annoyed wi

21、th me. 多麗安從不跟我生氣。多麗安從不跟我生氣。 He was annoyed about the matter. 他為此事很惱火。他為此事很惱火。單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò):1) Its annoyed to miss a train.2) He was annoyed with the boys rudeness.3) I felt annoying when he refused to help. annoyingat/aboutannoyed9. All in all I have a good life. 總而言之總而言之, 我生活得挺好。我生活得挺好。 all in all 總而言之總

22、而言之其他與其他與all有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：in all 總共總共 after all 終究，畢竟終究，畢竟 above all 首先首先;首要首要;最重要的最重要的 all alone 獨(dú)自獨(dú)自, 獨(dú)立地獨(dú)立地 for all 雖然雖然;盡管盡管at all 根本不根本不, 一點(diǎn)也不一點(diǎn)也不1) _, the party was a great success, for everyone there was very happy. A. All in all B. Above all C. In all D. After all 2) Children need many things,

23、 but _ they need love. A. the most important B. above all C. to their satisfaction D. in general 選詞填空選詞填空: all in all, above all, after all, for all, in all1. _ her wealth, she is not happy. 2. You must, _, be loyal to your country.3. There are five hundred books on the shelf _.4. Everyone makes mis

24、takes, and _, he is only a child.5. The book has some weak spots, but _ I consider it a success.For allabove allin allafter allall in all10. So dont feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them, and dont ignore them either. 因此因此, 不要感到殘疾人可憐不要感到殘疾人可憐, 或者或者取笑他們?nèi)⌒λ麄? 也不要瞧不起他們。也不要瞧不起他們。 make fun of 取笑

25、取笑, 嘲笑嘲笑e.g. We should not make fun of the classmates when they can not answer the questions correctly.當(dāng)同學(xué)們不能正確回答問(wèn)題時(shí)當(dāng)同學(xué)們不能正確回答問(wèn)題時(shí), 我們不應(yīng)該嘲笑他們。我們不應(yīng)該嘲笑他們。 make fun of 用在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)用在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí), 請(qǐng)不要漏掉介詞請(qǐng)不要漏掉介詞 of 。e.g. Nobody likes being made fun of. 沒(méi)有人喜歡被嘲笑。沒(méi)有人喜歡被嘲笑?！緮U(kuò)展擴(kuò)展】play a joke on sb. 開(kāi)某人的玩笑開(kāi)某人的玩笑play

26、a trick on sb. 捉弄某人捉弄某人11. Why has his fellow students conduct changed towards Marty?conduct vt. 指揮指揮, 管理管理, 進(jìn)行進(jìn)行,引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo),傳傳導(dǎo)導(dǎo) (光、電等光、電等) conduct sb. to some place 帶領(lǐng)某人去某地帶領(lǐng)某人去某地conduct sb. around some place 帶領(lǐng)某人參觀(guān)某地帶領(lǐng)某人參觀(guān)某地conduct /show ab. in/out 引領(lǐng)某人進(jìn)來(lái)引領(lǐng)某人進(jìn)來(lái)(出去出去)conduct oneself 舉止舉止; 表現(xiàn)表現(xiàn)conduct a

27、survey/an experiment 進(jìn)行調(diào)查進(jìn)行調(diào)查(實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)驗(yàn))派生詞：派生詞：conduction n. (熱或電等能量的熱或電等能量的)傳導(dǎo)傳導(dǎo); 輸輸送送conductor n. 售票員售票員; 管理者管理者;指揮指揮;導(dǎo)體導(dǎo)體小試牛刀小試牛刀1) He is respected by his colleagues because he always _ himself well. A. shows B. conducts C. praises D. reflects2) As is known to all, rubber does not _ electricity. A. c

28、onduct B. carry C. take D. load12. beneficialbeneficial adj. 有益的有益的;受益的受益的benefit n. 利益利益, 好處好處 vt. 有益于有益于, 有助于有助于 vi. 受益受益 常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)：常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)：be beneficial to 對(duì)什么有益對(duì)什么有益A benefit B 有益于有益于.B benefits from/by A 受益于受益于be of benefit to 對(duì)對(duì)有益有益for the benefit of 為了為了 的利益的利益翻譯句子：翻譯句子：陽(yáng)光對(duì)植物有益。陽(yáng)光對(duì)植物有益。Sunshine _ _ _

29、 _ plants.Sunshine _ _ _ plants.Sunshine _ plants.Plants _ _ sunshine.is of benefit tois beneficial tobenefitsbenefits from13. As well as going to當(dāng)當(dāng) A as well as B的短語(yǔ)為主語(yǔ)時(shí)的短語(yǔ)為主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與A保持一致。如保持一致。如:His wife as well as his children was invited to the party.Air, as well as water, is needed to mak

30、e plants grow. 空氣和水都是植物生長(zhǎng)所必需的。空氣和水都是植物生長(zhǎng)所必需的。 他是一個(gè)好老師，同時(shí)也是一個(gè)出色他是一個(gè)好老師，同時(shí)也是一個(gè)出色的足球球員。的足球球員。 He is a great teacher as well as a excellent soccer player.as well 也也, 還還, 同樣同樣常放句末作狀語(yǔ)常放句末作狀語(yǔ), 前面不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)前面不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi); 有時(shí)也放于句首有時(shí)也放于句首, 后面常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。后面常用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。 如如:I can see how English is used in everyday life as well.As

31、well, I can see how English is used in everyday life.用法辨析用法辨析14. encouragement n. 鼓勵(lì)鼓勵(lì); 獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì) encourage vt. 鼓勵(lì)鼓勵(lì);激勵(lì)激勵(lì);支持支持 encourage sb. in sth. 在某事上鼓勵(lì)某人在某事上鼓勵(lì)某人 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事鼓勵(lì)某人做某事 encouraged adj. 受到鼓勵(lì)的受到鼓勵(lì)的;被鼓勵(lì)的被鼓勵(lì)的 encouraging adj. 鼓舞人心的鼓舞人心的;鼓勵(lì)的鼓勵(lì)的選詞填空選詞填空: encouragement, enco

32、urage, encouraged, encouraging My mother _ me to apply for the job.1)She felt _ by the many letters of support.encouragedencouraged3) Praise acts as an _ to the young.4) The results of the survey have been very _.5) She was given _ to try something new.encouragementencouragingencouragementI. 根據(jù)下列各句句

33、意及所給單詞的首字母根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示或漢語(yǔ)提示, 寫(xiě)出各單詞的正確形式。寫(xiě)出各單詞的正確形式。 I spilt your coffee. Sorry that was _ (笨拙的笨拙的) of me.2. Some people think children a_ to new environments more easily than adults.3. John is the top student in our class and his m_ is “Work hard, play hard.”clumsyadaptmotto4. The doctor w

34、as examining the blood samples under the _ (顯微顯微鏡鏡) when he came in.5. She was really _ (愚蠢的愚蠢的) to give up such a good position.6. Why were you _ (曠課曠課) yesterday?microscope stupidabsent from school7. The little boy was anxious to join his f_ playing football in the playground.8. You should buy some water _ (缸缸) for your fish rather than keep them in the bowls.fellowstanksII. 用下列短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。用下列短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空。adapt to adapt fromin other wordsmake fun of after all out of breath keep ones word1) He has promised to h