初中定語從句專項講解與練習

1、在復合句中，修飾某一 名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。二、定語從句的關系詞引導定語從句的關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞，常見的關系代詞包才that, which, who （賓格whom,所有格whose）等，關系副詞包括 where, when, why等。關系代詞和關系副詞放在先行 詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時又作定語從句的重要成分。三、定語從句的分類根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞的關系，定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。限制性定 語從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號分開，從句不可省去，非限制性定語從句主句與從句之間 有逗號分開，起

2、補充說明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。四、關系代詞的用法1 . that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語或賓語。例如：mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. （that 作主語）the coat （that）i put on the desk is blue. （that 作賓語）2 .which用于指物，在句中作主語或賓語。例如：the building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.（作主語）the film （which ） we saw last nigh

3、t was wonderful. （作賓語）3 .who , whom用于指人，who用作主語，whom用作賓語。在口語中，有時可用 who代替 whom。例如：the girl who often helps me with my english is from england.（作主語）who is the teacher （whom） li ming is talking to ?（作賓語） 一、/ 注息：4 ）當關系代詞在定語從句中充當賓語時，who、that、which可省略，但介詞在關系代詞前時，只能用“介詞+which/whom ”結構（此時關系代詞不能用that代替）。例如：t

4、his is the house （which/that） we lived in last year.（ 可?。﹖his is the house in which we lived last year.（不可省，關系代詞不可用that）please tell me （whom/that） you borrowed the english novel from.（ 可省）please tell me from whom you borrowed the english novel.（ 不可省，關系代詞不可用that）5 ）關系詞只能用that的情況：a.先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，或

5、本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時，只能用that,而不用which.例如:he was the first person that passed the exam.this is the most beautiful place that i have been to .b.被修飾的先行詞為all, any, much, many, everything , anything, none, the one等不定代詞時，只能用that,而不用which.例如：is there anything that you want to buy in the shop ?=i didnt unders

6、tand the words all that he said.c.先行詞被 the only , the very,the same, the last, little , few , no, just 等詞修飾時，只能用that,而不用which.例如:this is the same bike that i lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。d.先行詞里同時含有人或物時，只能用that,而不用which.例如：i can remember well the persons and some pictures that i saw in the room.e.以who或which引導的特殊

7、疑問句，為避免重復，只能用 that.例如：who is the girl that is crying ? 正在哭泣的那個女孩是誰？f.主句是there be結構，修飾主語的定語從句用that,而不用which.例如：there is a book on the desk that belongs to tom. 桌子上那本書是湯姆的。3)關系詞只能用 which,而不用that的情況：a.先行詞為that, those時，用which , 而不用that.例如：what s that which is under the desk ? 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？b.關系代詞前有介詞時，一

8、般用 which,而不用that.例如：(同(1)this is the room in which he lives. 這是他居住的房間。c.弓i導非限制性定語從句，用which ,而不用that.例如：tom came back, which made us happy.湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。五、關系副詞的用法(1) when指時間，其先行詞表示時間，在句中作時間狀語。例如：this was the time when he arrived.這是他至u達的時間。(2) where指地點，其先行詞表示地點，在句中作地點狀語。例如：this is place where he works

9、.這是他工作的地點。(3) why指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語作用。例如：nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒人知道他為什么上學總遲至 u。注意：“介詞+which/whom ”結構有時可與其他關系代詞或關系副詞互相轉換that is the house where my father used to live.=that is the house which my mother used to live in.=that is the house in which my mother used to liv

10、e.上句中：in which = where六：練習（一）1. did you find the notebook jim had given me for my birthday?a. who b. whom c. which d. whose2. thats all i have seen and heard.a. which b. that c. where d. what3. have you seen the man plan we were talking about yesterday ?a. who, them b. its, them c. whose,/ d. whose,

11、 them4. the oscar is one of the film prizes offered to any chinese actor or actress so far.a. which are not b. that have not been c. that has not d. that has not been5. he never reads anything is not worth reading.a. that b. as c. who d. which6. the man coat is black is waiting at the gate.a. whos b

12、. whose c. that d. of which7. cleans the classroom can go home first.a. anyone b. those who c. however d. the one who8. the police caught the man stole my handbag.a. he b. that c. whom d. which9. the girl is reading under the tree my sister.a. which, is b. whom, was c. who , is d. who, was10. george

13、 mallory was an english teacher loved climbing.a. who b. whom c. he d. which11. don t talk about such things of you are not sure.a. which b. what c. as d. those12. is this the factory you visited the other day?a. that b. where c. in which d. the one13. is this factory some foreign friends visited la

14、st friday?a. that b. where c. which d. the one14. is this the factory he worked ten years ago?a. that b. where c. which d. the one15. the wolves hid themselves in the places couldn t be found.a. that b. where c. in which d. in that16. can you lend me the novel the other day?a. that you talked b. you

15、 talked about it c. which you talked with d. you talked about17. is there anything to you?a. that is belonged b. that belongs c. that belong d. which belongs18. - “ how do you like the book?”- it s quite different from i read last month.”a. that b. which c. the one d. the one what19. they were inter

16、ested you told them.a. in which b. in that c. all that d. in everything20. - do you know the town at all?21. no, this is the first time i here.a. was b. have been c. came d. am coming初中英語定語從句練習題（二）1. i still remember the night i first came to the house.2. ill never forget the day we met each other l

17、ast week.3. mr black is going to beijing in october,is the best season there.4. i will never forget the days i spent with your family.5. ill never forget the last day we spent together.6. this is the school i used to study.7. do you still remember the place we visited last week?8. do you still remem

18、ber the place we visited the painting exhibition?9. have you ever been to hangzhou,is famous for the west lake?10. have you ever bee to hangzhou,lies the west lake?11. tom will go to shanghai,live his two brothers.12. i live in beijing,is the capital of china.13. there was a time there were slaves in the usa.14. it is the third time you have made the same mistake.15. it was in the street i met john yesterday.16. it was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.17. the moment i saw