溫州高一英語期末考試概要寫作專題PPT課件

1、Definition（定義）A summary is a short account(解釋) giving the main points of something longer or detailed.第1頁/共32頁3 Styles of PassagesStyles（體裁）（體裁） Functions（功能）（功能）Narration(記敘文記敘文)describe a person or an event, with afterthoughts（加上去的看法）（加上去的看法）Argumentation(議論文議論文)show the writers point of viewExpos

2、ition (說明文說明文)introduce something, eg. a phenomenon第2頁/共32頁Task 1: How to find the key sentences or key words?體裁體裁關(guān)鍵句關(guān)鍵句記敘文記敘文議論文議論文說明文說明文抓住抓住who, what happened, 及及the writers purpose通常抓住首段和尾段通常抓住首段和尾段抓住首段或各段首句抓住首段或各段首句第3頁/共32頁The Steps of Writing a Summary(1)定時(shí)態(tài)：如果閱讀材料是過去時(shí)，那么基本時(shí)態(tài)用過去時(shí)；如果是現(xiàn)在的，那么基本時(shí)態(tài)用

3、現(xiàn)在時(shí)；(2)定人稱：一般情況下采用第三人稱來寫作，特殊如書信的，可能會(huì)使用第一、二人稱；(3)定技巧：結(jié)合相關(guān)技巧，重新組句。第4頁/共32頁提供一篇300字以內(nèi)的短文，要求考生基于該短文寫出一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。閱卷時(shí)將主要考慮以下內(nèi)容： （1）對原文要點(diǎn)的理解和呈現(xiàn)情況；（2）應(yīng)用語法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的準(zhǔn)確性；（3）上下文的連續(xù)性；（4）對各要點(diǎn)表達(dá)的獨(dú)立性情況-即用自己的語言表達(dá)，不能照著文章原句照抄。）2016年溫州高一期末概括部分評分細(xì)則年溫州高一期末概括部分評分細(xì)則第5頁/共32頁(1)Use words of similar meanings同義替換法I didnt catch

4、any fish owing to the fact that I was not patient.I didnt catch any fish_ I was not patient.because第6頁/共32頁(2)Adopt the opposite way when saying a sentence正話反說法You will fail.You will _. not succeed第7頁/共32頁(3)Change the part of speech詞性轉(zhuǎn)換法Patience is very important.Patience is _.of great importance第8

5、頁/共32頁(4)Change the structure of a sentence句式變化法語態(tài)變換：Parents should give children more praise.Children should_more praise.be given第9頁/共32頁簡單句變復(fù)合句：Children should be encouraged more. This will help them learn faster.Children should be encouraged more, _ will help them learn faster.Children are given

6、more praise. They will achieve more success.When _, children will achieve more success.whichgiven more praise第10頁/共32頁(5)Use the shortest possible transitions連詞銜接法 注意使用一些短而精的連詞，如but, and, so, while, however, then, thus, yet, for, therefore, including, instead of 等。 We should encourage children. We s

7、hould not scold them.We should encourage children_ scolding them.instead of第11頁/共32頁想辦法為作文加分 1. 多多使用各種連詞，使文章更為連貫。 順接/遞進(jìn)：Firstly/ secondly/thirdly, besides, in addition, whats more, whats worse, whats more important, moreover, also, finally, last but not least,. 轉(zhuǎn)折：but, however, nevertheless(然而), yet

8、, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, while 原因：because, because of, since, as, for, now that, thanks to, due to 結(jié)果：so, therefore, as a result, so that, then, so that, such that 總結(jié)：to sum up, to conclude, in conclusion, in summary, finally, in a word, in general, in short, above al

9、l, after all, generally speaking, 2. 多使用高級詞匯，句式和短語進(jìn)行變換，不要重復(fù)使用一個(gè)句式和短語。同時(shí)要注意避免常見錯(cuò)誤： 不要為了減少句數(shù)而不斷使用逗號(hào)，一定要通過從句，連詞，非謂語等來減少句數(shù)。 如：It was raining hard, they could not work in the fields. 改為： It was raining hard, so they could not work in the fields. 第12頁/共32頁(6) Change the order of the words. 詞序改變法The secret

10、 of success was patience._ was _.Patiencethe secret of success第13頁/共32頁(7) Omit the details細(xì)節(jié)省略法Dont always scold and give lots of praise instead. Dont scold and give praise instead.第14頁/共32頁(8) Make use of the meaning of a sentence句意理解法Shopping on the Internet is becoming increasingly popular._More

11、 and more people prefer Internet shopping.第15頁/共32頁Some Summary Models for You(1)Narration Summary Models (記敘文概要模板)(2)Argumentation Summary Models (議論文概要模板)(3)Exposition Summary Models (說明文概要模板)第16頁/共32頁(1) 記敘文概要模板點(diǎn)明寫作目的類：The writer tells us（主題）by showing us an example of, who/which（故事情節(jié)）.作者經(jīng)歷類：In t

12、he passage, the writer mainly tells us hisexperience of doing sth, which他人經(jīng)歷類：This passage is mainly about sbs experience of doing sth.第17頁/共32頁(2) 議論文概要模板The article gives the view that should/shouldnt（主題）. .（補(bǔ)充論據(jù)）.The passage highlights(強(qiáng)調(diào)) the importance of sth.The author argues that第18頁/共32頁(3)

13、說明文概要模板 現(xiàn)象揭示類： This article points out the common phenomenon -（主題), which.（補(bǔ)充解釋）. 利弊對比類： The article compares the disadvantages/ benefits of A and B. Awhile B The passage discusses the impact(影響)of sth. On the positive side, but it may also. 研究顯示類： The study reveals(揭露) that The purpose of the repor

14、t is to show that第19頁/共32頁關(guān)鍵詞 、句 (1)the writer, an old man, fishing, experience, teach sb. a lesson, (2)The secret of success was patience. _had_with _who _.The writer a fishing experiencean old man taught him a lesson詞序變化法詞序變化法Patience was the secret of success.(2)(1)連詞成句連詞成句第20頁/共32頁The writer had

15、 a fishing experience with an old man who taught him a lesson. Patience was the secret of success.句式變化法句式變化法The writer had a fishing experience with an old man who taught him a lesson thatpatience was the secret of success.The writer tells us（主題）（主題）by showing us an example of, who/which（故事（故事情節(jié)）情節(jié)）

16、.第21頁/共32頁P(yáng)assage 2: 關(guān)鍵句(1)Dont always scold and give lots of praise instead. 細(xì)節(jié)省略法細(xì)節(jié)省略法Dont scold and give praise instead.詞序變化法、連詞銜接法詞序變化法、連詞銜接法Give praise instead of scolding.詞性變換法詞性變換法Praise children instead of scolding them.第22頁/共32頁(2) If you teach your children not to fear a mistake of failure

17、, they will learn faster and achieve success at last.Encourage your children and they will make more progress and succeed.句意理解法句意理解法同義替換法同義替換法詞性轉(zhuǎn)換法詞性轉(zhuǎn)換法細(xì)節(jié)省略法細(xì)節(jié)省略法第23頁/共32頁(1) Praise children instead of scolding them.(2) Encourage your children and they will make more progress and succeed.The article

18、 gives the view thatwhen educating children, parents shouldpraise and encourage them instead of scolding, which will help children to make progress and succeed. 注意第24頁/共32頁注意事項(xiàng)：“五定三忌” 定體裁；定主題；定時(shí)態(tài)； 定人稱；定技巧 忌照抄原文；忌私加觀點(diǎn)； 忌不符字?jǐn)?shù)。第25頁/共32頁概要寫作練習(xí)之學(xué)以致用 1,Then, you can think of a way to make both sides happy

19、. Here are some tips 1)Make time to talk. You could talk about your school life and your plans for the future. 2).Keep a diary. It can help you understand more about yourself and your feelings. 3). Show your parents you are growing up. Wash your own clothes and help around the house. Summary:_ 2. So

20、metimes, kids dont think their parents are fair to them. When you want to dress in a modern way, your mum doesnt like you to wear a mini-skirt. When you are making phone calls to friends, they ask whether youre speaking to a boy or a girl. Summary: _第26頁/共32頁概要寫作練習(xí)之學(xué)以致用 3. Kate looked at Paul disapp

21、rovingly, “You use too much salt on your food, Paul. Its not at all good for you!” Paul put down his knife and frowned, “Why on earth not! If you didnt have salt on your food it would taste awfullike eating wood or sandjust imagine bread without salt in it!” Summary:_ 4. She brought home several Chi

22、nese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek, and some textbooks. She intended to read all of them during the winter vacation. Summary: _第27頁/共32頁概要寫作練習(xí)之學(xué)以致用 5. It must have been about two in the morning when I returned home. I tried to wake up my wife by ringing the doorbell, but she

23、was fast asleep, so I got a ladder from the shed in the garden, put it against the wall, and began climbing towards the bedroom window. I was almost there when a sarcastic voice below said, “I dont think the windows need cleaning at this time of the night.” I looked down and nearly fell off the ladd

24、er when I saw a policeman. I immediately regretted answering in the way I did, but I said, “ I enjoy cleaning windows at night.” “So do I,” answered the policeman in the same tone. “Excuse my interrupting you. I hate to interrupt a man when hes busy working, but would you mind coming with me to the

25、station?” “Well, Id prefer to stay here,” I said. “ You see, Ive forgotten my key.” “Your what?” he called. “My key,” I shouted. Fortunately, the shouting woke up my wife who opened the window just as the policeman had started to climb towards me Summary: On arriving home _ in the morning, the write

26、r failed to wake up _ by ringing the doorbell. He tried to _, but was found by _. Soon his shouting woke his wife.第28頁/共32頁概要寫作練習(xí)之學(xué)以致用 6. Advertising can be a service to customers. This is true when advertisements give reliable information about the goods advertised. Such information is needed if th

27、e customer is to make a sensible choice when he buys something. It is useful in that it lets him know of the kinds of goods in the shops. Printed advertisements do this job best. Customers can collect them and compare them. They can be taken along to the shops and their statements can be checked aga

28、inst and actual goods in the shops. Some advertisements are not very useful to the customers. Instead of helping the customer to satisfy his real needs, they set out to make him want things. They set out to make us believe that what they advertise will make us cleverer, prettier, more handsome, if o

29、nly we use it. The voice on TV says, “ Getaway people use XYZ petrol.” The screen shows a picture of petrol pump for a fast expensive car owned by a boy with a pretty girlfriend. They drive off to the wonderful country or a lovely beach. Some people may feel that clever, successful people use XYZ pe

30、trol. Some might choose that petrol every time they fill up their cars. Summary: 第29頁/共32頁概要寫作練習(xí)之學(xué)以致用 7.Students should think now about what extracurricular (課外的) activities theyd like to participate in. Participating in extracurricular activities may help you deepen your physical, creative, social,

31、 political, and career interests by bringing you into communication with other like-minded people you didnt previously know. You can join groups as a way to get support from other students. A club or group can also be a great way to meet people who are different from you. Lots of youth programs brin

32、g people together with those who are different as a way to break down the barriers between people. Participating in extracurricular activities helps you in other ways, too. It looks good on college and job applications and shows admissions officers and employers youre well-rounded and responsible. S

33、pecific activities help with specific goals. The most basic reason for joining a club or team is that it gives you something better to do than staring at the wall, wandering the hall, or sleeping all afternoon. People who are participating are less likely to pick up bad habits, like smoking or drinking. Summary: 第30頁/共32頁概要寫作練習(xí)之學(xué)以致用答案 練習(xí)篇- 學(xué)以致用。 1.Skill1: Omit the details There are some tips for children to follow so that they can get on well with their parents. 2. Skill2: Omit the examples. It is quite natural that we children look at the same problem dif