土建英語詞匯

1、土建英語詞匯2. 土 建 部 分總圖專業(yè)常用詞匯words concerning general plan廠區(qū)factory area生活區(qū)living area停車場parking yard車庫garage自行車棚bicycle shed大門gate門房gate house圍墻enclosure wall圍欄fence建筑紅線property line辦公樓office building科研樓research building食堂canteen水泵房water pump station車間workshop成品庫finished product store旗桿flag pole廣場square

2、綠化帶greenbelt噴泉fountain雕塑sculpture花園garden道路road橋bridge公路highway鐵路railway彎道turn建筑面積building area建筑占地面積area occupied by building空地spare space十字路口cross零點線zero line斜坡slope挖方excavation老土natural soil原土original soil換土earth shift室外管道outdoor pipeline室外管溝outdoor trench雨水明溝rainwater channel排洪溝flood trench下水道se

3、wer下水道檢查井sewer manhole明溝open channel熱力管溝heating trench草坪lawn樹木，喬木tree灌木shrub花壇flower bed防火距離fire protection distance抗（地）震aseismatic抗振動anti-vibration防振動vibration-proof防爆explosion proof防酸acid-proof防塵dust-proof經(jīng)濟專業(yè)有關(guān)詞匯words concerning economy概算budgetary estimate預(yù)算budget決算final accounts估算estimation估價cos

4、t estimate價、費、成本cost價格price成本核算cost keeping投資investment投資費、基建費capital cost工程費construction cost安裝費cost of installation不可預(yù)見費unpredicted cost額外費用extra cost設(shè)備費cost of equipment單價unit price出廠價格factory price市場價格market price運費freight關(guān)稅customs duty兌換率foreign exchange人民幣rate of exchange外匯人民幣(rmb)外匯兌換卷foreign

5、 exchange certificate美元. dollar日元japanese yen港元hongkong dollar英鎊pound sterling西德馬克dm法國法郎瑞士法郎.荷蘭盾盧布ruble總圖site plan基址圖site plot總體規(guī)劃圖master plan位置圖location map發(fā)展規(guī)劃圖development planning長遠規(guī)劃圖long-term planning總平面圖及豎向布置圖site plan and vertical arrangement土方工程圖earth-work drawing土方累計圖mass diagram土方累計曲線mass

6、curve圍墻結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造圖structural construction chart of fence wall道路結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造圖structural construction chart of road道路縱剖面圖road profile道路橫剖面圖cross section of road室外管線平面圖outdoor pipeline plan道路和堆放場構(gòu)造圖construction of road and storage yard工廠組成表factory composition table工廠區(qū)劃圖factory blocking地形圖topographical map工廠區(qū)，工業(yè)區(qū)indu

7、strial district工業(yè)發(fā)展區(qū)industrial development area生活區(qū)residential area, living area商業(yè)區(qū)commercial area廠區(qū)面積site area建筑面積floor area建筑占地面積built-up area鋪砌面積paving area使用面積usable floor area有效面積effective floor space建筑總面積total floor area建筑各層面積floor space of each story容積率building volume ratio利用系數(shù)，利用率utilization

8、factor方位，朝向orientation結(jié)構(gòu)面積structural area通道面積passage area道路及廣場面積area of roads and plaza建筑系數(shù)building occupation coefficient綠化系數(shù)landscaping factor建筑密度building density城市規(guī)劃city planning住宅區(qū)方案residential district planning住宅小區(qū)living quarters總建筑基地面積gross site area人行道pedestrian-way行車道traffic line露天堆放場storage

9、 yard街道交叉處的轉(zhuǎn)盤道turnaround停車區(qū)parking area停車道parking lane圍墻fence wall鋼絲網(wǎng)圍墻wire-net fence綠化地帶green belt草坪lawn花壇flower bed旗桿座flag-pole stand預(yù)留發(fā)展地space for furture extension邊線，界線border line建筑紅線red line安全距離sfety distance防火間隔fire break縱坐標ordinate橫坐標abscissa基準點datum mark水準基點bench mark地區(qū)水準點regional bench mark

10、標高level相對標高relative elevation設(shè)計標高designed elevation室外地面標高elevation of ground室外道路標高road level室外散水標高outdoor water discharge level室內(nèi)地坪標高elevation of indoor grade絕對標高absolute altitude等高線contour line道路縱剖面profile of road道路橫剖面cross section of road道路交叉點標高elevation of road intersection高差elevation difference土

11、方earth work土方工程量volume of earthwork土方平衡表earthwork balance sheet填土高度height of filling余土surplus earth缺土earth to回填backfill洼地depression坡度inclination坡道ramp階梯地面terraced ground中整場地site leveling運土transported soil砂石移運detritus transport人工填土artificial fill臺階式挖土法bench method臺階式挖掘bench excavation平衡挖填balance of c

12、uts and fills借土挖方borrow cut借土填方borrow fill超挖overbreak超填overfill擋土板lagging擋墻，板樁bulkhead原狀土樣undisturbed soil sample重塑土樣remolded sample爆破工程explosion work管道pipeline架空管道overhead piping地下管道underground piping管道系統(tǒng)piping system埋管深度pipe laying depth城市給水city water supply熱力管道heating pipe line工藝管道process pipe li

13、ne氧氣管道oxygen pipe line雨水明溝rainwater channel下水道sewer下水道檢查井sewer manhole明溝ditch, open drain涵洞culvert邊溝gutter截流井catch basin給水井feed well集水井collecting well室外管溝outdoor trench排洪溝flood trench建筑architecture建筑工程說明general notes建筑草圖architectural sketch建筑透視圖perspective室內(nèi)裝修表room finish schedule建筑陰影 （投影）圖architect

14、ural shades and shadows建筑渲染圖architectural rendering1號建筑一層平面布置圖fist floor plan, building 屋面平面圖roof plan1號建筑立面圖elevation, building 1號建筑剖面圖section, building a-a剖面圖section a-a門廳吊頂平面圖entrance hall suspend ceiling plan鋁合金門窗，幕墻圖drawing of aluminium door, window and glazing curtain wall1號建筑一層吊頂平面圖suspended

15、ceiling plan, first wall一層吊頂平面圖suspended ceiling plan電梯井道平面放大圖enlarged plan of elevator shaft樓梯平面圖stair plan磚墻節(jié)點詳圖brick wall joint detail統(tǒng)一建筑詳圖uniform architectural details建筑構(gòu)件表list of architectural components1號建筑節(jié)點詳圖joint detail, building 辦公大樓office building裝配大樓assembly building配變電站substation, tran

16、sformer station冷凍站chiller station純水站pure water station去離子水站deionized water station動力站utility station乙炔發(fā)生站acetylene generation station壓縮空氣站compressor station配氣站gas distribution station煤氣發(fā)生站gas generation station熱力站heat energy station液化廠油氣站liquefied petroleum gas station氧氣站oxygen氮氧站nitrogen-oxygen sta

17、tion冷卻塔cooling tower微波站microwave station洗滌塔scrubber污水處理站sewage treatment station氫氧發(fā)生站hydrogen and oxygen station鍋爐房boiler house熱交換站heat exchanger station走廊corridor外廊open corridor門廊porch凈化走道purified corridor參觀走道viewing corridor服務(wù)走道service corridor緩沖走道buffer corridor門廳entrance hall前廳lobby出口exit入口entra

18、nce雇員入口employee entrance行政人員入口staff entrance辦公室office開敞式辦公室open office行政辦公室administration office經(jīng)理辦公室manager office秘書辦公室secretary office助理辦公室assistant office人事辦公室personnel office財務(wù)辦公室financial office會計室counters room總務(wù)室general affair office收發(fā)貨辦公室receiving and shipping office會議室meeting room會客室receptio

19、n room展覽室demonstration room醫(yī)務(wù)室clinic值班室duty room圖書室library資料室information center數(shù)據(jù)中心data center食堂canteen廚房kitchen餐廳dining room備餐室food preparation room茶室tea room咖啡室coffee room休息室break room酒吧bar洗手間wash room盥洗室toilet男廁所mens女廁所womens更衣室changing room淋浴室shower room保安中心security center儲存室store開水間kettle room實

20、驗室laboratory產(chǎn)品開發(fā)實驗室development laboratory維修間maintenance room倉庫store原材料倉庫raw material store成品倉庫finished product store備件存放間parts store材料入檢incoming goods inspection發(fā)貨區(qū)shipping area化學(xué)品存放間chemical store維修備件存放間maintenance parts store水泵房water pump room空調(diào)設(shè)備室air handling units room電梯間elevator room鍋爐房boiler r

21、oom樓梯間staircase room車間workshop輔助車間auxiliary workshop機械加工車間mechanical process workshop鍛工車間blacksmith shop沖壓車間press shop焊接車間welding shop電鍍車間electroplating shop;鉗工車間fitter shop機修車間machine repairing shop金工車間smith shop裝配車間assembly shop包裝車間packing shop燒結(jié)車間sintering shop工具間tools room潔凈室clean room凈化廠房purifi

22、ed factory微波暗室anechoic chamber拉絲區(qū)drawing area耐火構(gòu)造fire resisting construction建筑耐火等級fire resistance rating of building餓抵抗能夠耐火時限r(nóng)ated fire-resistance duration耐火極限limited of fire resistance開間bay進深depth柱網(wǎng)column grid柱列軸線axis of column row墻wall外墻external wall內(nèi)墻internal wall隔墻wall partition磚墻brick wall空斗墻ro

23、w lock wall抹面墻rendered wall空心墻hollow wall混凝土砌塊墻concrete block wall承重墻bearing wall非承重墻non-bearing wall剪力墻shear wall圍護墻cladding wall擋土墻earth-retaining wall背墻back wall胸墻breast wall地龍墻sleeper wall幕墻curtain wall山墻gable wall女兒墻parapet磚壓頂女兒墻brick-cap parapet玻璃隔墻glazed partition隔斷shower stall活動隔斷movable par

24、tition防火墻fire proof wall抗震墻earthquake resisting wall地面和樓面面層ground and floor surface course現(xiàn)澆混凝土樓面cast-in-place concrete floor水泥沙漿樓面cement mortar floor現(xiàn)澆水磨石樓面cast-in-site terrazzo floor塊料樓面block flooring磚樓面brick floor預(yù)制混凝土塊樓面precut concrete block floor預(yù)制水磨石樓面precut terrazzo floor人造大理石樓面manu marble bl

25、ock floor碎拼大理石樓面filler broken-marble floor缸磚樓面clinker floor馬賽克樓面mosaic tile floor鑲嵌樓面floor inlaid拼花樓面mosaic pavement水泥花磚樓面cement tile floor水泥壓光cement troweled塑料面plastic floor纖維板樓面hard board floor膠合板樓面glued slab floor無縫樓面jointless floor疊層樓面laminated floor供形樓面arched floor抗靜電活動地板anti-static movable flo

26、or活動地板支架support of movable floor有吊頂?shù)臉前錮ouble floor人造石鋪面granolithic finish玻璃鋼面glassfiber floor拼花花崗巖granite floor地磚floor tile防滑磚non-slip tile抗靜電鋁合金地面anti-static aluminium alloy floor地毯carpet踢腳skirting木踢腳wooded skirtingpvc踢腳pvc skirting玻璃鋼踢腳fiber glass skirting水泥踢腳cement skirting門door木門wooded door鋼門ste

27、el door鋼絲網(wǎng)門chain ink鐵門iron door玻璃門glazed door組合門composite door兩面包鐵皮門door clad with sheet iron on both sides內(nèi)門internal door外門external door大門gate防火門fire resisting door隔聲門sound proof door保溫門thermal insulation door冷藏門cooler door太平門emergency door安全門exit door防爆門explosion proof door防護門protection door屏蔽門shi

28、eld door防射線門rediation resisting door防風砂門weather tight door密閉門sealed door泄壓門pressure release door壁櫥門closet door引風門ventilation door平開門side hung door單開門single action door雙向門double action door雙扇門double action door雙扇對開門double hinged door單開或雙開彈簧門single or double acting door雙開彈簧門swing door推拉門sliding door豎向

29、推拉門vertical sliding door隔柵推拉門sliding grating door折門according door套疊門telescoping door水平翻門trap door卷門rolling door轉(zhuǎn)門revolving door自動門automatic door法式門french door固定門fixed door夾板門plywood door鑲板門paneled door平板玻璃門plate glass door隔柵門grille door百葉門shutter door連窗門door with side window空心門hollow door窗window木窗wo

30、oded window鋼窗steel window鋁合金窗aluminium alloy window塑料窗plastic framed window紗窗screen window供窗arch window凸窗bay window凹窗bow window圓窗round window方窗square window多角窗canted window無框格窗sashless window防火窗fire resisting window隔聲窗sound proof window保溫窗heat insulation window間隔窗partition window防護窗protection window

31、安全窗security window屏蔽窗shield window防射線窗rediation resisting window防風沙窗weather tight window密閉窗sealed window泄壓窗pressure release window換氣窗vent sash假窗blank window陳列櫥窗display window擴散窗diffuse window平開窗side hung window右（左）開平窗side hung right (left) hand window內(nèi)開平窗inward opening window推拉窗sliding window垂直推拉窗ve

32、rtically sliding window旋轉(zhuǎn)窗pivoted window自動開窗automatic window折疊窗folding window固定窗fixed window單層窗single window雙層窗double window三層窗triple window山墻窗gable window邊窗side light腰窗fanlight帶窗continuous window子母扇窗attached sash window組合窗composite window落地窗french window帶紗扇窗window with screen sash固定百葉窗l(fā)ouver window

33、遮陽式窗awning window卷簾百葉窗rolling shutter天窗skylight上框head邊框jamb中橫框transom中豎框mullion下框sill窗框sash frame上梃top rail中梃middle rail下梃bottow rail邊梃stile風雨板weather board擋風雨條weather strip窗簾window blind窗鐵柵window guard窗插梢sash bolt拉手handle鉸鏈hinge可拆鉸鏈loose joint窗開關(guān)調(diào)節(jié)器window adjuster地彈簧floor spring門彈弓door closer-sprin

34、g門鎖door latch with lock推拉門滑軌sliding door rail門銷door bolt暗門鎖dormant bolt門鎖door lock單元門鎖unit lock磁卡門鎖card lock推拉把手push and pull brace門推板push plate踢板kick plate定門器door stop閉門器door closer彈子鎖night latch轉(zhuǎn)軸pivot門鏈條door chain插鎖mortise lock鑰匙孔板key plate鑰匙孔蓋key hole escutcheon氣窗聯(lián)動開關(guān)window gearing手動開關(guān)器hand open

35、er電動開關(guān)器electric opener樓梯stair主樓梯main stair內(nèi)樓梯back stair箱形樓梯box stair懸臂式樓梯bracketed stair懸空樓梯hanging stair螺旋樓梯spiral stair盤旋樓梯winding stair交叉布置的自動樓梯crisscross arrangement of moving stair平行布置的自動樓梯parallel arrangement of moving stair直跑樓梯，單跑樓梯straight stair回轉(zhuǎn)式樓梯turn stair雙分叉式樓梯bifurcated type stair狗腿式樓梯

36、dog-legged type staircase帶梯井式樓梯open-well staircase螺旋式樓梯helical type stair中柱螺旋式樓梯helical type stair with newel單跑式樓梯staircase of stright flight type太平梯escape stair專用太平梯special emergency staircase防火梯fire escape staircase封閉樓梯間closed staircase開敞樓梯間open staircase防煙樓梯井smoke protection staircase室外樓梯exterior

37、 stair室外安全疏散樓梯間exterior escape stairway室內(nèi)安全梯interior escape stair有圍護的的樓梯stairway enclosure垂直鐵扶梯vertical iron ladder移動式樓梯traveling stairway坡道ramp爬梯fixed ladder自動樓梯moving stair樓梯間卸貨口hoistway樓梯平臺stair landing外挑平臺cantilevered platform休息樓梯resting rungs扶梯梯級ladder step樓梯段縱梁stair bearer樓梯梁stair stringer樓梯柱s

38、tair post平臺踏步landing step扇形踏步wheeling step懸空踏步hanging step樓梯欄桿stair railing靠墻扶手grab rail欄桿扶手handrail欄桿柱baluster column平臺欄桿platform railing活動欄桿removable railing固定欄桿non-floating rail欄桿上檔top transom欄桿下檔bottom transom防滑條non-slip insert金剛砂防滑條non-slip emery insert樓梯踏步防滑條non-slip nosing防滑梯級non-slip tread多梯

39、段樓梯multi-flight staircase樓梯毯壓棍stair carpet rod固定樓梯地毯夾stair clip頂棚ceiling板頂棚boarding ceiling板條頂棚lathed ceiling露梁頂棚beam ceiling拱頂式頂棚vault ceiling條形頂棚strip ceiling膠合板頂棚plywood board ceiling抹灰金屬網(wǎng)頂棚plastered metal-lath ceiling筒形頂棚cylindrical ceiling纖維板頂棚fiber board ceiling平頂隔柵ceiling joist頂棚吊筋ceiling han

40、ger頂棚嵌板ceiling plate頂棚鑲板ceiling panel鋁合金壓條aluminium bar頂棚通風孔air drain of ceiling頂棚的木壓條ceiling panel strip頂棚周邊壓條ceiling rail頂棚燈鉤ceiling hook屋面roof平屋面terrace roof坡屋面pitched roof人字屋頂gable roof單坡屋頂shed roof格溝屋頂lattice roof球形屋頂spherical dome屋面坡度roof slope屋面斜度inclination of roof屋面高跨比roof pitch瀝青嵌縫平屋面aspha

41、lt filler flat roof油氈撒綠豆沙屋面felt and gravel roof預(yù)制大型屋面板屋面precast roofing slab roof諭旨賀孔板屋面precast circul hole slab roof瀝青紙板屋面asphaltic card board roof屋面面層roof covering屋面保溫roof insulation防水層water proofing防潮層damp course找平層leveling banket整平層leveling course伸縮縫蓋條expansion joint sealing屋面材料roofing materials

42、防潮材料damp proof materials瀝青防潮層asphalt damp-proof course聚乙烯薄膜polythene film聚氨脂薄膜polyurethane film隔熱保溫材料heat-insulating materials聚苯乙烯片polystyrene sheet玻璃纖維板fiberglass sheet絕熱屋面板insulating fiberboard石棉水泥板asbestos-cement sheet膨脹軟木片expanded cork sheet保溫箔片thermal foil密閉條sealing rope油氈覆蓋面層felt carpet防水材料wat

43、er-proofer不透水層waterproof layer不透水接頭water-tight joint屋面油氈roofing felt油毛氈襯sarking felt浸漬氈impregnated felt油氈紙felt paper灌注石油瀝青poured asphalt松節(jié)油灰泥gum-spirit cement防凝水內(nèi)襯anti-condensation lining瀝青襯里bitumen-lining瀝青嵌縫料bitumen-sealing compound粘結(jié)劑binding agent瀝青膠泥填縫molten bitumen filler冷乳化瀝青cold emulsion瀝青底子a

44、sphaltic base焦油瀝青涂層tar membrane乳化液涂層emulsion membrane環(huán)氧涂層epoxy membrane五層作法five-ply多層作法multi-ply冷鋪cold application熱鋪hot application刷涂brush噴涂spray脊頂ridge crest檐瓦verge tile滴水瓦verge屋頂排水溝valley雨水溝rain gutter披水板cover flashing天溝托板layer board屋檐eaves飛檐cornice封檐板eaves plate抹灰板plastering plate噴涂抹灰shot plaster

45、ing滾涂抹灰roll coating內(nèi)墻抹灰interior plaster內(nèi)墻抹灰二遍作法interior 2-coat plaster抹灰（打底），渲染rendering外墻抹灰三遍作法external 3-coat rendering沖筋running screed, floating screed灰漿沖筋mortar strip定準塊spacer block抹涂層trowel coating刮涂scratch work抹灰打底prime coat二層抹灰render and set三層抹灰render float and set二遍抹灰層second coat of plaster抹

46、平，找平screeding抹光trowel finish抹灰板條lath and plaster金屬網(wǎng)抹灰plaster on metal lath面層finish coat, skin coat抹灰罩面層setting coat石灰罩面cement finish水泥抹面cement plastering麻刀灰抹面hemp cuts and lime-plaster石膏抹面plaster of paris work珍珠巖沙漿抹面pearlier plaster finish水砂粉飾sand plaster砂飾面sand finish噴珍珠巖飾面pearlite spraying水泥沙漿層cem

47、ent sand bed水泥沙漿墊層cement and sand cushion水泥漿找平cement screeding拉毛stucco水刷石飾面granitic plaster石灰漿刷lime brush瓷磚鋪面pave with tile貼鈾面磚facing glazed brick貼陶瓷磚facing cerameic tile馬賽克面mosaic surface墻面飾面石wall tile光面smooth surface鏡面mirror surface飾面找平screed finish杉木chinese fir紅杉potanin larch柏木chinese weeping cyp

48、ress松木pine樺木birch楠木phoebe桉木gum tree椴木linden紅木palisander wood柚木common teak胡桃木manchurian walnut黑檀木ebony wood水曲柳ashtree檀香木sandal wood木材等級timber grade氣干木材air seasoning wood涂料paint涂料成分paint ingredients顏色對比color contrast暖色warm color冷色cold color色度溫度color temperature濃艷色彩rich color涂層skin防銹層antirust coat乙烯基樹脂涂料涂層vinyl-resin paint coating底層primer coat預(yù)涂層pre-coating涂料打底paint base油底漆oil-base paint底色ground color頂層top coat防水涂料waterproof paint防火涂料fire-retardant paint防腐蝕涂料anticorrosive paint上光涂料emulsion paint乳膠涂料acid resistant coating防酸涂料可賽銀粉calcimine鋁粉aluminium powder瀝青涂料asphalt coat底漆primer紅丹底漆re