英語句型結(jié)構(gòu)和句式分析

1、英語句子分為三類，5句型，7成分。3類： 簡單句，復(fù)合句，并列句5句型，主謂，主謂表，主謂賓，主謂雙賓，主謂賓補(bǔ)7成分：主語，謂語，表語，賓語，補(bǔ)語，定語，狀語英語語法看上去很復(fù)雜，很多句型要記，但其實(shí)只要深入研究，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)也不過是圍繞這五個(gè)基本句子來展開，分別是：S十V主謂結(jié)構(gòu)、 S十V十p主系表結(jié)構(gòu)、 S十V十O主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)、 S十V十O1十O2 主謂雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)、 S十V十O十C 主謂賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，想要學(xué)好英語基本語法的，不妨看一下，了解一下，有助于你的學(xué)習(xí)。英語語法看上去很復(fù)雜，很多句型要記，但其實(shí)只要深入研究，就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)也不過是圍繞這五個(gè)基本句子來展開，分別是：S十V主謂結(jié)構(gòu) 

2、S十V十p主系表結(jié)構(gòu) S十V十O主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu) S十V十O1十O2 主謂雙賓結(jié)構(gòu) S十V十O十C 主謂賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu) 說明：S主語；V謂語；P表語；O賓語；O1間接賓語；O2直接賓語；C賓語補(bǔ)足語 五個(gè)基本句式詳細(xì)解釋如下： 1S十V句式 在此句式中，V是不及物動(dòng)詞，又叫自動(dòng)詞(vi)。例如： He runs quickly 他跑得快。 They listened carefully 他們聽得很仔細(xì)。 He suffered from cold and hunger 他挨凍受

3、餓。 China belongs to the third world country 中國屬于第三世界國家。 The gas has given out 煤氣用完了。 My ink has run out 我的鋼筆水用完了。 2S十V十P句式 在此句式中，V是系動(dòng)詞(link v)，常見的系動(dòng)詞有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。例如： He is

4、older than he looks 他比看上去要老。 He seen interested in the book 他似乎對這本書感興趣。 The story sounds interesting 這個(gè)故事聽起來有趣。 The desk feels hard 書桌摸起來很硬。 The cake tastes nice 餅嘗起來很香。 The flowers smell sweet and nicc 花聞起來香甜。 You have grown taller than be

5、fore 你長得比以前高了。 He has suddenly fallen ill 他突然病倒了。 He stood quite still 他靜靜地站看。 He becomes a teacher when he grew up 他長大后當(dāng)了教師。 He could never turn traitor to his country 他永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)背叛他的祖國。 注意：有些動(dòng)詞同時(shí)也是及物動(dòng)詞，可構(gòu)成SVO句式，例如： He looked me up and down 他上下打

6、量我。 He reached his hand to feel the elephant 他伸出手來摸象。 They are tasting the fish 他們在品嘗魚。 They grow rice in their home town 他們在家鄉(xiāng)種水稻。 Hes got a chair to sit on 他有椅子坐。 Please turn the sentence into English 請把這個(gè)句于澤成英語。 3S十V十O句式 在此句式中，V是及物動(dòng)詞(vt)

7、，因此有賓語。例如： I saw a film yesterday 我昨天看了一部電影。 Have you read the story? 你讀過這個(gè)故事嗎? They found their home easily 他們很容易找到他們的家。 They built a house last year 他們?nèi)ツ杲艘凰孔印?#160;Theyve put up a factory in the village 他們在村里建了一座工廠。 They have taken good care of t

8、he children 這些孩子他們照看得很好。 You should look after your children well 你應(yīng)該好好照看你的孩子。 4S十V十O1十O2句式 在此句式中，V是帶有雙賓語的及物動(dòng)詞。常見的須帶雙賓語的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)ive，ask，bring，offer，send，pay，lend，show，tell，buy，get；rob，warn等。例如： He gave me a book/a book to me 他給我一本書。 He brought me a pen/a pen to me

9、 他帶給我一枝鋼筆。 He offered me his seat/his seat to me 他把座位讓給我。 注意下邊動(dòng)詞改寫后介詞的變化： Mother bought me a book/a book for me. 媽媽給我買了一本書。 He got me a chair/a chair for me 他給我弄了一把椅子。 Please do me a favor/a favor for me 請幫我一下。 He asked me a question/a question

10、of me 他問我個(gè)問題。 注意，下邊動(dòng)詞只有一種說法： They robbed the old man of his money 他們搶了老人的錢。 Hes warned me of the danger. 他警告我注意危險(xiǎn)。 The doctor has cured him of his disease 醫(yī)生治好了他的病。 We must rid the house of th erats 我們必須趕走屋里的老鼠。 They deprived him of his right to

11、 speak 他們剝奪了他說話的權(quán)利。 5S十V十O十C句式 在此句式中，V是有賓語補(bǔ)足語的及物動(dòng)詞。常帶賓語補(bǔ)足語的詞有形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、名詞、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞。 常見的可接賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞很多，哪些動(dòng)詞可接哪幾種形式作賓補(bǔ)，須根據(jù)動(dòng)詞的慣用法而定，不能統(tǒng)而概論。請看下面的例子。 They made the girl angry 他們使這個(gè)女孩生氣了。 They found her happy that day 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那天她很高興。 I found him out 我發(fā)現(xiàn)他出去了。 I saw him in 我見他在家。 They saw a foot mark in the sand 他們發(fā)現(xiàn)沙地上有腳印。 They named the boy Charlie 他們給這個(gè)男孩起名為查理。 I saw him come in and go out 我見他進(jìn)來又出去。