國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理英語第三講

1、國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理專業(yè)英語軌道交通系 1、FIATA是（）年在（）地方成立的，其總部位于（）。A、1926 蘇黎世 維也納B、1945 蘇黎世 維也納C、1926 維也納 蘇黎世D、1945 維也納 蘇黎世 KEY：C 2、 （），標(biāo)志著我國(guó)政府對(duì)貨運(yùn)代理行業(yè)的管理進(jìn)入了一個(gè)政府監(jiān)管和行業(yè)自律并重的新階段。A、CIFA的成立B、FIATA的成立C、IATA的成立D、CEPA的成立KEY：A 3、在經(jīng)營(yíng)策略上，引領(lǐng)我國(guó)貨運(yùn)代理企業(yè)發(fā)展的兩條基本道路是（）。A、民營(yíng)化和重組化B、專業(yè)化和物流化C、專業(yè)化和民營(yíng)化D、重組化和物流化KEY：B 4、當(dāng)國(guó)際貨運(yùn)代理以（）的名義與實(shí)際承運(yùn)人簽訂運(yùn)輸合同并向委托人

2、收?。ǎ┑臅r(shí)候，其為純粹代理人身份。A、自己的名義 固定的費(fèi)用B、自己的名義 傭金C、委托人的名義 固定的費(fèi)用 D、委托人的名義 傭金KEY：D 5、無船承運(yùn)人一身兼有承運(yùn)人和托運(yùn)人兩者的性質(zhì)。他向托運(yùn)人簽發(fā)是（），實(shí)際承運(yùn)人對(duì)其簽發(fā)（）。A、MASTER B/L OCEAN B/LB、OCEAN B/L HOUSE B/LC、HOUSE B/L MASTER B/LD、MASTER B/L HOUSE B/LKEY：C 6、當(dāng)貨運(yùn)代理與托運(yùn)人及實(shí)際承運(yùn)人呈以下關(guān)系時(shí)，該貨運(yùn)代理人實(shí)為（）KEY：A托運(yùn)人貨運(yùn)代理實(shí)際承運(yùn)人委托運(yùn)輸以自己名義委托簽發(fā)Ocean B/LA、當(dāng)事人 B、委托人C、承

3、運(yùn)人 D、收貨人 7、以下何種情況貨運(yùn)代理不能通過投保責(zé)任險(xiǎn)得到保障？A、貨代誤將本該發(fā)往新西蘭的貨物發(fā)往新加坡B、貨代在收取大筆費(fèi)用后運(yùn)輸毒品C、運(yùn)輸單證上規(guī)定了船公司完全免責(zé)的情況下船公司卸貨失誤產(chǎn)生貨物損壞D、貨代的船舶在運(yùn)輸途中發(fā)生大火造成部分運(yùn)載貨物的滅損KEY：B 1.Definition and Importance International trade is important. International trade is the exchange of capital, goods and services across international borders or

4、territories. In most countries, it represents a significant share of gross domestic product (GDP). While international trade has been present throughout much of history, its economic, social, and political importance has been on the rise in recent centuries. Industrialization, advanced transportatio

5、n, globalization, multination corporations, and outsourcing are all having a major impact on the international trade system. Increasing international trade is crucial to the continuance of globalization. International trade is a major source of economic revenue for any nation that is considered a wo

6、rld power. Without international trade, nations would be limited to the goods and services produced within their own borders. Main points: multinational：多國(guó)的，跨國(guó)公司的：多國(guó)的，跨國(guó)公司的 corporation：法人，公司，企業(yè)：法人，公司，企業(yè) outsourcing：外部采購(gòu)，外包：外部采購(gòu)，外包 revenue：收入，國(guó)家收入，稅收：收入，國(guó)家收入，稅收 Study details: GDP：國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值：國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值What is

7、 GDP?What is outsourcing? 1 1、定義及重要性、定義及重要性 國(guó)際貿(mào)易很重要。它是資本，商品和服務(wù)的跨境或跨國(guó)交換。在大多數(shù)國(guó)家，它占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值（GDP）很大份額。雖然國(guó)際貿(mào)易已經(jīng)有很長(zhǎng)的歷史，但近幾個(gè)世紀(jì)其經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)以及政治上的重要性在不斷上升。產(chǎn)業(yè)化，先進(jìn)的交通運(yùn)輸，全球化，跨國(guó)公司以及生產(chǎn)業(yè)務(wù)外包都對(duì)國(guó)際貿(mào)易體系產(chǎn)生重大的影響。迅猛增長(zhǎng)的國(guó)際貿(mào)易對(duì)全球化的持續(xù)至關(guān)重要。那些被認(rèn)為是世界大國(guó)的國(guó)家，國(guó)際貿(mào)易是其經(jīng)濟(jì)收入的主要來源。沒有國(guó)際貿(mào)易，各國(guó)只能被限制于本國(guó)境內(nèi)生產(chǎn)商品和服務(wù)。 Translation 2.Differences between Inter

8、national Trade and Domestic Trade International trade is typically more costly than domestic trade. The reason is that crossing a national border typically involves additional costs such as tariffs, time costs due to border delays, and costs associated with country differences such as language, the

9、legal system, or a different culture. 2 2、國(guó)際貿(mào)易與國(guó)內(nèi)貿(mào)易的區(qū)別、國(guó)際貿(mào)易與國(guó)內(nèi)貿(mào)易的區(qū)別 國(guó)際貿(mào)易通常比國(guó)內(nèi)貿(mào)易成本更高。原因是跨越國(guó)界通常涉及關(guān)稅等額外費(fèi)用，由于邊界延誤的時(shí)間成本，以及由國(guó)家差異產(chǎn)生的成本如語言，法律制度，以及不同的文化。 TranslationAnother difference between domestic and international trade is that factors of production such as capital and labor are typically more mobile wi

10、thin a country than across national borders. Thus, international trade is mostly restricted to trade in goods and services. Then, trade in goods and services can serve as a substitute for trade in factors of production. Instead of importing the factor of production, a country can import goods that m

11、ake intensive use of the factor of production and are thus embodying the respective factor. An example is the import of labor-intensive goods by the United States from China. Instead of importing Chinese labor, the United States is importing goods from China that were produced with Chinese labor.Int

12、ernational trade is also a branch of economics, which, together with international finance, forms the large branch of international economics. Main points: respective ：分別的，各自的：分別的，各自的 intensive ：強(qiáng)烈的，精深的：強(qiáng)烈的，精深的 labor-intensive ：勞動(dòng)密集型的：勞動(dòng)密集型的 capital-intensive ：資本密集型的：資本密集型的 technology-intensive：技術(shù)密集

13、型的：技術(shù)密集型的 Study details: factors of production：生產(chǎn)要素：生產(chǎn)要素 labor、land、capital、technology、information. 另一個(gè)國(guó)內(nèi)貿(mào)易和國(guó)際貿(mào)易的區(qū)別是，像資金和勞動(dòng)力一類的生產(chǎn)要素，通常在一國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)比跨國(guó)流動(dòng)得更多。因此，國(guó)際貿(mào)易主要限于商品和服務(wù)的貿(mào)易。然而，商品和服務(wù)的貿(mào)易可作為生產(chǎn)要素貿(mào)易的替代品。一個(gè)國(guó)家可以進(jìn)口密集利用生產(chǎn)要素而生產(chǎn)出來的商品來代替進(jìn)口生產(chǎn)要素，這樣便體現(xiàn)了各自的要素。舉一個(gè)美國(guó)從中國(guó)進(jìn)口勞動(dòng)密集型商品的例子。美國(guó)從中國(guó)進(jìn)口那些由中國(guó)勞動(dòng)力生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品，而不是進(jìn)口中國(guó)的勞動(dòng)力。 國(guó)際貿(mào)易也是

14、經(jīng)濟(jì)的一條分支，它與國(guó)際金融一同構(gòu)成了國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)的大分支。 Translation 3.Risks in International Trade There are some risks in multilateral trade. They mainly include economic risks and political risks. Economic risks include the risks of insolvency of the buyer; the risk of failure of the buyer to pay the amount due within six m

15、onths after the due date; the risks of non-acceptance; the risk of exchange rate, and so on. Political risks include the risk of cancellation or non-renewal of export or import licences; war risks; risk of expropriation of confiscation of the importers company; risk of the imposition of an import ba

16、n after the shipment of the goods; transfer risk imposition of exchange controls by the importers country or foreign currency shortages; and influence of political parties on an importers company. Main points: multilateral：多邊的，多國(guó)的：多邊的，多國(guó)的 insolvency：無力償還，破產(chǎn)：無力償還，破產(chǎn) license：許可（證），執(zhí)照：許可（證），執(zhí)照 expropri

17、ation：征用，征收，收用：征用，征收，收用 confiscation：沒收，充公，征用：沒收，充公，征用 imposition：強(qiáng)迫接受：強(qiáng)迫接受 Study details: multilateral trade：多邊貿(mào)易：多邊貿(mào)易 3 3、國(guó)際貿(mào)易的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、國(guó)際貿(mào)易的風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 多邊貿(mào)易存在一些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。主要包括經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)包括買方破產(chǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；買方未能在買賣達(dá)成后的6個(gè)月內(nèi)支付買賣款項(xiàng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；不接受的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等等。政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)包括取消或不在續(xù)用出口或進(jìn)口許可證的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；征用或沒收進(jìn)口商的公司的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；貨物裝運(yùn)后強(qiáng)迫接受出口禁令的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；轉(zhuǎn)移風(fēng)險(xiǎn)強(qiáng)迫接受進(jìn)口商所在國(guó)的外匯管制或

18、外匯短缺；以及進(jìn)口商公司受到政黨的影響的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 Translation 4.World Trade Organization The World Trade Organization is best described as an umbrella organization under which the agreements that came out of the Uruguay Round of multilateral trade negotiations are gathered. The WTO thus serves four basic functions: (1) to im

19、plement, administer, and carry out the WTO Agreement and its annexes, (2) to act as a forum for ongoing multilateral trade negotiations, (3) to serve as a tribunal for resolving disputes, and (4) to review the trade policies and practices of member states. Additionally, the WTO is to cooperate with

20、the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in order to achieve greater coherence in global economic policy making. Main points: negotiation ：商議，談判，流通：商議，談判，流通 annex ：附件；并吞，附加：附件；并吞，附加 tribunal ：法官席，審判員席，（特等）法庭：法官席，審判員席，（特等）法庭 coherence ：一致：一致 Study details: the International Monetary Fund ：國(guó)

21、際貨幣基：國(guó)際貨幣基金組織金組織 the World Bank：世界銀行：世界銀行 世界貿(mào)易組織被形容為來自烏拉圭回合達(dá)成的多邊貿(mào)易談判協(xié)議下的一個(gè)傘式組織。世貿(mào)組織因此具有4個(gè)基本職能：（1）實(shí)施，管理和執(zhí)行世貿(mào)組織的協(xié)定及其附件，（2）為正在進(jìn)行的多邊貿(mào)易談判的提供論壇，（3）作為解決糾紛的法庭，（4）復(fù)審貿(mào)易政策和會(huì)員國(guó)的行為。此外，世貿(mào)組織與國(guó)際貨幣基金組織和世界銀行合作，以在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)決策中獲得更一致的連貫性。 Translation 5.Barriers to Internation Trade A trade barrier is a general term that descr

22、ibes any government policy or regulation that restricts international trade. The barriers can take many forms, including: import duties, import licenses, export licenses, import quotas, tariffs, subsidies, and non-tariff barriers to trade. Most trade barriers work on the same principle: the impositi

23、on of some sort of cost on trade that raise the price of trade products. If two or more nations repeatedly use trade barriers against each other, then a trade war results. 貿(mào)易壁壘是一個(gè)描述政府任何限制國(guó)際貿(mào)易的政策或法規(guī)的通用術(shù)語。這些障礙可以采取多種形式，包括：進(jìn)口關(guān)稅，進(jìn)口許可證，出口許可證，進(jìn)口配額，關(guān)稅，補(bǔ)貼和非關(guān)稅貿(mào)易壁壘。大多數(shù)貿(mào)易壁壘都有相同的宗旨：強(qiáng)加某些商品的貿(mào)易成本以提高其貿(mào)易價(jià)格。如果兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上國(guó)

24、家對(duì)彼此反復(fù)使用貿(mào)易壁壘，那么將導(dǎo)致貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。 Translation 6.Steps of International Trade Any international transaction should start with market reseach. An importer/ exporter must acquire good knowledge of the foreign market to which his products are to be sold so that he can trade with the customers successfully. After t

25、hat, the following things should be done.Seeking customersContact each other by sending inquiriesStatus inquiryQuotations or offers; acceptance or non-acceptanceOrder; contractObtaining import/ export license; opening L/C/ receiving L/C, if anyPreparation of goods by the seller Inspection or survey

26、of goods Reserving shipping space either by the seller or buyer, depending on the trade terms Effecting insurance Customs clearance and loading Shipping advice Negotiation of export documents under L/C by the beneficiary Redemption of documents under L/C Customs clearance for import Delivery of good

27、s Lodging and Settling claims (if any) Main points: offer：出價(jià)，提議；提供，出價(jià)；提議：出價(jià)，提議；提供，出價(jià)；提議 order：訂購(gòu)，訂單；命令，訂購(gòu)，定制：訂購(gòu)，訂單；命令，訂購(gòu)，定制 quotation：引用語，價(jià)格，報(bào)價(jià)單，行情表：引用語，價(jià)格，報(bào)價(jià)單，行情表 shipping space：艙位：艙位 customs clearance：報(bào)關(guān)：報(bào)關(guān) redemption：贖回，償還，拯救，履行：贖回，償還，拯救，履行 Study details:Translation 任何國(guó)際交易應(yīng)該從市場(chǎng)調(diào)查開始。進(jìn)口商/出口商必須對(duì)他要售出

28、的產(chǎn)品的外國(guó)市場(chǎng)的做深入了解，以便他能成功地與客戶交易。在此之后，以下幾點(diǎn)應(yīng)該執(zhí)行。 尋找客戶 通過發(fā)盤聯(lián)系對(duì)方 詢盤 報(bào)價(jià)；接受或不接受 訂購(gòu)；合同 獲得進(jìn)口/出口許可證；開立L/C/收取L/C，如有 賣方備貨Translation 商品檢測(cè) 根據(jù)貿(mào)易條件由賣方或買方訂艙 辦理保險(xiǎn) 清關(guān)和裝貨 航運(yùn)咨詢 受益人在信用證方式下憑出口單據(jù)議付 在信用證方式下贖回單證 進(jìn)口報(bào)關(guān) 貨物交付 投訴和處理糾紛（如有） 國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值是指在一定時(shí)期內(nèi)（一個(gè)季度或一年），一個(gè)國(guó)家或地區(qū)所生產(chǎn)出的全部的最終產(chǎn)品和勞務(wù)的價(jià)值。它常被公認(rèn)為衡量國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的最佳指標(biāo)，不但可反映一個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)表現(xiàn)，還可以反映一國(guó)的國(guó)

29、力與財(cái)富。Gross Domestic ProductOutsourcing 外包是指企業(yè)整合利用其外部最優(yōu)秀的專業(yè)化資源，從而達(dá)到降低成本、提高效率、充分發(fā)揮自身核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力和增強(qiáng)企業(yè)對(duì)環(huán)境的應(yīng)變能力的一種管理模式。最為流行的外包服務(wù)形式主要包括：IT資源外包服務(wù)、客戶服務(wù)中心外包、營(yíng)銷外包、人力資源管理外包、應(yīng)收賬款外包等。 生產(chǎn)要素（又稱生產(chǎn)因素）是指進(jìn)行社會(huì)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)時(shí)所需要的各種社會(huì)資源，包括勞動(dòng)力、土地、資本、技術(shù)、信息等內(nèi)容。按生產(chǎn)要素分配，就是社會(huì)根據(jù)生產(chǎn)某種產(chǎn)品時(shí)所投入的各種生產(chǎn)要素的比例和貢獻(xiàn)對(duì)投入主體進(jìn)行的報(bào)酬返還。factors of productionmultila

30、teral trade 多邊貿(mào)易又叫多角貿(mào)易，指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的國(guó)家，為求互相之間的收支在整體上獲得平衡，通過協(xié)議在多邊結(jié)算的基礎(chǔ)上所進(jìn)行的貿(mào)易。其產(chǎn)生往往是由于兩國(guó)間彼此供應(yīng)的商品不對(duì)路或價(jià)格不相當(dāng)，以致進(jìn)出口不平衡，外匯收支發(fā)生困難，需要第三國(guó)或更多的國(guó)家參加協(xié)議，建立三國(guó)或多國(guó)貿(mào)易，以使彼此間的進(jìn)出口達(dá)到基本平衡。 國(guó)際貨幣基金組織（IMF）是政府間的國(guó)際金融組織。1945年12月27日正式成立，1947年開始工作，同年成為聯(lián)合國(guó)的專門機(jī)構(gòu)。IMF獨(dú)立經(jīng)營(yíng)，總部設(shè)于華盛頓。the International Monetary Fundthe World Bank 世界銀行是世界銀行集體的

31、俗稱?！笆澜玢y行”這個(gè)名稱一直用于指國(guó)際復(fù)興開發(fā)銀行（International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, IBRD）和國(guó)際開發(fā)協(xié)會(huì)（International Development Association, IDA）。這些機(jī)構(gòu)聯(lián)合向發(fā)展中國(guó)家提供低息貸款、無息信貸和贈(zèng)款。 它是一個(gè)國(guó)際組織，其一開始的使命是幫助在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中被破壞的國(guó)家的重建。今天它的任務(wù)是資助國(guó)家克服窮困，各機(jī)構(gòu)在減輕貧困和提高生活水平的使命中發(fā)揮獨(dú)特的作用。 Exercises: 1.Any international transaction starts w

32、ith ( ). A. an offer B. quotations C. status inquiry D. market researchKEY:D 2.After the negotiation of export documents under L/C by the beneficiary, the importer, after viewing the documents, should do the ( ) of the documents by effecting payment. A. redemption B. claims C. deliver the goods D. i

33、mport clearanceKEY:AExercises: 3.For any country, international trade is a major source of economic revenue. ( ) 4.International trade is as costly as domestic trade. ( ) 5.If two countries repeatedly use trade barriers against each other, then a trade war results. ( )KEY: FKEY: FKEY: TExercises: 6.

34、International trade is the exchange of ( ) across international borders or territories. A. goods B. services C. land D. capitalKEY:ABD 7.The economic risks involved in international trade are ( ). A. risks of cancellation of import or export licenses. B. failure of the buyer to pay the amount within

35、 6 months after validity. C. war risks D. insolvency of the buyerKEY:BD Text Originally, a freight forwarder was a commission agent performing routine tasks on behalf of the exporter/ importer such as loading/ unloading of goods, storage of goods, arranging local transport, obtaining payment for his

36、 customer, and so on. However, the expansion of international trade and the development of different modes of transport over the years that followed enlarged the scope of his services. Today, a freight forwarder plays an important role in international trade and transport. The services that a freigh

37、t forwarder renders may often range from routine and basic tasks such as the booking of space or customs clearance to a comprehensive package of services covering the total transportation and distribution process. Main points: freight：貨物，運(yùn)費(fèi)，貨運(yùn)：貨物，運(yùn)費(fèi)，貨運(yùn) render：呈遞：呈遞 routine：例行公事，常規(guī)，日常事務(wù)：例行公事，常規(guī)，日常事務(wù)

38、scope：范圍，機(jī)會(huì)，余地：范圍，機(jī)會(huì)，余地 payment：付款，支付：付款，支付 mode：方式，模式，樣式，時(shí)尚：方式，模式，樣式，時(shí)尚 freight forwarder：貨運(yùn)代理：貨運(yùn)代理 commission agent：委托代理人：委托代理人 distribution：分配，分發(fā)，配給物：分配，分發(fā)，配給物 a comprehensive package of services：全面的一攬子：全面的一攬子服務(wù)服務(wù) Study details: 最初，貨運(yùn)代理是以出口商/進(jìn)口商的名義處理例行事務(wù)的委托代理人，這些例行事務(wù)有裝/卸貨物，儲(chǔ)存貨物，安排當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)輸，為客戶獲得付款等。 然

39、而，近年來隨著國(guó)際貿(mào)易的擴(kuò)大和各種交通工具的發(fā)展，貨運(yùn)代理的服務(wù)范圍也得以擴(kuò)大。時(shí)至今日，貨運(yùn)代理在國(guó)際貿(mào)易和運(yùn)輸發(fā)揮著重要的作用。其提供的服務(wù)往往從像訂艙或者清關(guān)的日?；臼聞?wù)到涵蓋全部運(yùn)輸和分發(fā)過程的一攬子服務(wù)。Translation Unless the consignor, the person sending goods, or the consignee, the person receiving goods, wants to attend to any of the procedural and documentary formalities himself, it is us

40、ually the freight forwarder who undertakes on his behalf to process the movement of goods through the various stages involved. The freight forwarder may provide these services directly or through sub-contractors or other agencies employed by him. He is also expected to utilize, in this connection, t

41、he services of his overseas agents. Main points: agency：代理處，代理：代理處，代理 consignor：發(fā)貨人，寄件人：發(fā)貨人，寄件人 consignee：收貨人，收件人：收貨人，收件人 document：文件，文檔：文件，文檔 formality：正式手續(xù)：正式手續(xù) sub-contractor：轉(zhuǎn)包商，次承包者：轉(zhuǎn)包商，次承包者 undertake：承擔(dān)，擔(dān)任，許諾，保證：承擔(dān)，擔(dān)任，許諾，保證 utilize：利用：利用 Study details: 除非發(fā)貨人，即貨物發(fā)送人，或收貨人，即貨物接收人，想要親自參與程序和單證的手續(xù)，否

42、則通常由貨運(yùn)代理以他的名義代為處理各個(gè)階段的貨物運(yùn)輸。貨運(yùn)代理會(huì)直接或通過分包商或其他受雇于他的代理提供這些服務(wù)。他也以此利用他在海外的代理的服務(wù)。 （1）The forwarders, on behalf of the consignor (exporter), would：Choose the route, mode of transport, and a suitable carrier.Book space with the selected carrier.Take delivery of the goods and issue relevant documents such as

43、the Forwarders Certificate of Receipt, the Forwarders Certificate of Transport, etc.Study the provisions of the L/C and all Government regulations applicable to the shipment of goods in the country of export, the country of import, as well as any transit country. He would also prepare all the necess

44、ary documents.Pack the goods, taking into account the route, the mode of transport, the nature of the goods, and applicable regulations, if any, in the country of export, transit countries, and country of destination.Arrange warehousing of the goods, if necessary.Weigh and measure the goods.Draw the

45、 consignors attention to the need for insurance and arrange for the insurance of goods, if required by the consignor.Transport the goods to the port, arrange for customs clearance, related documentation formalities and deliver the goods to the carrier.Attend to foreign exchange transactions, if any.

46、Pay fees and other charges including freight.Obtain the signed bills of lading from the carrier and arrange delivery to the consignor.Arrange for transshipment on route if necessary.Monitor the movement of goods all the way to the consignee through contacts with the carrier and the forwarders agents

47、 abroad.Note damages or losses, if any, to the goods.Assist the consignor in pursuing claims, if any, against the carrier for loss of the goods or for damage to them. Main points: route：路線，路程：路線，路程 carrier：承運(yùn)人，運(yùn)送者：承運(yùn)人，運(yùn)送者 delivery：遞送，交付，交貨：遞送，交付，交貨 issue：出版，發(fā)行；發(fā)行，放出：出版，發(fā)行；發(fā)行，放出 provision：供應(yīng)，（一批）供應(yīng)品，

48、規(guī)定：供應(yīng)，（一批）供應(yīng)品，規(guī)定 applicable：可適用的，可應(yīng)用的：可適用的，可應(yīng)用的 shipment：裝船，出貨：裝船，出貨 pack：包裹，：包裹，一群，一副一群，一副 destination：目的地：目的地 warehouse：倉(cāng)庫(kù)，貨棧，大商店：倉(cāng)庫(kù)，貨棧，大商店 insurance：保險(xiǎn)，保險(xiǎn)單，保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)：保險(xiǎn)，保險(xiǎn)單，保險(xiǎn)費(fèi) transaction：辦理，處理，會(huì)報(bào)，學(xué)報(bào)：辦理，處理，會(huì)報(bào)，學(xué)報(bào) foreign exchange：外匯，外國(guó)匯票：外匯，外國(guó)匯票 charge：費(fèi)用，收費(fèi)：費(fèi)用，收費(fèi) bill of lading：提單：提單 transshipment：轉(zhuǎn)載：

49、轉(zhuǎn)載 monitor：監(jiān)管，監(jiān)視器，監(jiān)控器：監(jiān)管，監(jiān)視器，監(jiān)控器 Forwarders Certificate of Receipt：代理人收貨證明：代理人收貨證明書（是代理人收到貨物的憑證）書（是代理人收到貨物的憑證） Forwarders Certificate of Transport：代理人運(yùn)輸證：代理人運(yùn)輸證明書（是代理人具備運(yùn)輸能力的憑證）明書（是代理人具備運(yùn)輸能力的憑證） Study details:（1）貨運(yùn)代理以發(fā)貨人（出口商）名義將： 選擇運(yùn)輸路線，運(yùn)輸方式，及合適的承運(yùn)人。 向選定的承運(yùn)人訂艙。 接收貨物并簽發(fā)如代理人收貨證明書、代理人運(yùn)輸證明書等的相關(guān)單證。 研究信用證

50、上的條款以及所有適用于出口國(guó)、進(jìn)口國(guó)以及任何中轉(zhuǎn)國(guó)政府的貨物裝運(yùn)規(guī)則。并準(zhǔn)備所有必要的單據(jù)。 基于以下包裝貨物：運(yùn)輸?shù)穆肪€，運(yùn)輸方式，貨物的性質(zhì)以及在出口國(guó)、中轉(zhuǎn)國(guó)和目的地所在國(guó)適用的法規(guī)，如果有的話。 安排貨物倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)，如有必要。 測(cè)量貨物（重量和體積）。Translation 提醒托運(yùn)人注意保險(xiǎn)的需要，若托運(yùn)人要求，安排辦理貨物保險(xiǎn)。 將貨物運(yùn)至港口，安排通關(guān)，相關(guān)單證手續(xù)并將貨物付交給承運(yùn)人。 換取外匯，如有。 支付費(fèi)用和其他收費(fèi)，包括運(yùn)費(fèi)。 從承運(yùn)人處獲得提單并交給發(fā)貨人。 安排途中的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)，如有必要。 通過與承運(yùn)人及貨運(yùn)代理在海外的代理聯(lián)系，自始至終監(jiān)管貨物的運(yùn)輸。 記錄貨物的任何滅失，如

51、果有的話。 協(xié)助發(fā)貨人就貨物的滅失向承運(yùn)人索償，如果有的話。 （2）The forwarders, on behalf of the consignee (importer), would：Monitor the movement of goods on behalf of the consignee when the consignee controls freight, that is, the cargo.Receive and check all relevant documents relating to the movement of the goods.Take delivery

52、 of the goods from the carrier and, if necessary, pay the freight costs.Arrange customs clearance and pay duties, fees and other charges to the customs and other public authorities.Arrange transit warehousing, if necessary.Deliver the cleared goods to the consignee.Assist the consignee, if necessary, in pursuing claims, if any, against the carrier for the loss of the goods or any damage to them.Assist the consignee, if necessary, in warehousing and distribution. Main points: duty：稅，