2019年高三英語寒假作業(yè)

1、高三英語寒假作業(yè)一AWe may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices俄置）well after they go out of style. That ' s bad news for the environment and our wallets as these outdated devic

2、es consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life from when its mine

3、rals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 pl

4、ayers, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a

5、TV in every room of the house," said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box T

6、Vs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions;（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what's the solution（解決方案）？ The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would ha

7、ppen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.1. What does t

8、he author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly. B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home. D. They go out of style quickly.2. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To upda

9、te consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.3 . What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them. B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them. D. Recycle them.BA build-it-yourself solar still（ 蒸儲器） is one of the best ways to obtain

10、drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available.Developed by two doctors in the U.S.Department of Agriculture,it' s an excellent water collector.Unfortunately,youmust carry the necessary equipment wh you,since it ' s all but impossible to find natural substitutes.The only c

11、omponents required,though,are a 55' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic,six feet of plastic tube,and a container perhaps just a drinking cup to catch the water.These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still,use a sharp stick or rock

12、 to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep.Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher s productivitplace your cup in the deepest part of the hole.Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up and out the side

13、of the hole.Next,cover the hole with the plastic sheet,securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet ' s center down with a rock.The plastic should now form a cone（H 錐體）with 45-degree-angled sides.The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over,and no more than th

14、ree inches above,the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic.Ground water evaporates 瞽發(fā)）and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form,run down the material and fall off into the cup.When the container is full,you can suck the refreshment out through the tube,

15、and won ' t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.4 .What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A.It ' s delicateB.It ' s expensive.C.It ' s compleXD.It ' s portable.5 .What does the underlined phrase“the water catcher " in pa

16、ragraph 2 refer to?A.The tube. B.The still.C.The hole. D.The cup.6 .What is the last step of constructing a working solar still? A.Dig a hole of a certain size.B.Put the cup in place.C.Weight the sheet ' s center down.D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.7 .When a solar still works,drops of w

17、ater come into the cup from.A.the plastic tube B.outside the holeC.the open air D.beneath the sheetCThis month, Germany ' s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehiclesg主駕駛車輛）.They would define the driver ' s linlsuch cars and govern how suc

18、h cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the“death valley ” ofautonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always choose

19、s properl:y（產(chǎn)）damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving whee- to check email, say the car ' s maker is responsible if there is a crash.“The change the road traffic law will permit fu

20、lly automatic driving,“ saysDobrindt.It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumersand lawyers.“The liabttyt責(zé)任）issue is the biggest one ofthem all, " says Natash

21、a Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars,introduced earlier this year, insists that a human“ be watchful and monitoring the road" at every momerBut that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars, “When you say （driv

22、erless cars ' , people expect driverless cars." Merat sa：know no driver. ”Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without human operation.Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own,

23、says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California.That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.That would go down poorly in the US, however.“The idea that the governmentwould take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good woul

24、d get absolutely nowhere here, " says Calo.8 .What does the phrase “death valley " in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.A place where cars often break down.8 .A case where passing a law is impossible.C.An area where no driving is permitted.D.A situation where drivers ' role is not clear.9 .The pr

25、oposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to.A.stop people from breaking traffic rulesB.help promote fully automatic drivingC.protect drivers of all ages and races0.prevent serious property damage10 .What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars?（ ） A.It should get the attention of insurance

26、 companies.B.It should be the main concern of law makers.C.It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.D.It should involve no human responsibility.11 .What could be the best title for the passage?A.Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability?B.Fully Automatic Cars: A New Breakthrough C.Autonomous Vehicles:

27、 Driver Removed!D.Driverless Cars: Root of Road AccidentsDThe Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile labor atory named “ DriveLAB " in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.

28、Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated（ 隔絕）and inactive.Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope co

29、uld help them to continue driving into later life.These include custom-made navigation（導(dǎo)航）tools, night vision systems andintelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains:" For many older people,particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their indep

30、endence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The

31、result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains,“ TheDriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems.“For ex

32、ample, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We' re looking at the benefits of systems w

33、hich controltheir speed as a way of preventing that.“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions（解決方案 ）toensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”12 .What is the purpose of the Drivel AB?A.To explore newmeans of transport.B.To design new types of cars.C.To find out old

34、er driver's problems.D.To teach people traffic rules.13 .Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?A.It keeps them independent.B.It helps them save time.C.It builds up their strength.D.It cures their mental illnesses.14 .What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?A

35、.Improve their driving skills.B.Develop driver-assist technologles.C.Provide tips on repairing their cars.D.Organize regular physical checkups.15 .What is the best title for the text?A.A new Model Electric CarB.A Solution to Traffic ProblemC.Driving Service for eldersD.Keeping Older Drivers on the R

36、oad七選五The internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we ve never been before.But just as in face-to-face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when you are online.1 Imagine how you 'd feel if you were in the otherperson'

37、;s shoes. For anything you're about to send, ask yourself would I say this to theperson 's face?' If the answer is no, rewrite and reread.2.If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct（ 本能）is to fire back in the same manner. But try not to do so.3 If it is caused by a disagr

38、eement with anothermemeber, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it. Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room.4 Offer advice when asked by newcomers, as they may not be sure what to door how to communicate. When someone makes a mistake, whether it 's a s

39、tupid questionor an unnecessarily long answer, be kind about it. If it is a small mistake, you may not need to say anything. Think twice before saying anything. Having good manners yourself doesn 't give you license to correct everyone else.5 At the same time, if you find you arewrong, be sure t

40、o correct yourself and apologize to those you have offended.It is not polite to ask kothers personal questions such as their age, sex, and marital status, unless you know the person very well, and both are comfortable with sharing personal information.A. Everyone was new to the network once.B. It

41、9;s natural that there should be some people who speak rudely online.C. When you send messages to a person online, you must say something beautiful.D. If you do decide to tell someone about a mistake, point it out politely.E. The basic rule is simple: treat others in the same way you would want to b

42、e treated. F. You should either ignore the person or use your chat software to block his missage. G. Repeat the process till you feel sure that you feel comfortable saying the words to the person s face.完形填空I am a worrier. I worry from the moment I wake to the moment I sleep.Around a year ago, I fou

43、nd my worries _21 me down and down. I needed a way toreduce my _22_ and make them disappear. Then a brilliant idea occurred to me. Instead of worrying about whatever _23_ itself to my consciousness at any given moment, and unless I had a 24 and urgent worry to deal with, I d_25_ myself to worrying a

44、boutimaginary gluons.This new system 26 me quite well for a while _27_ the day last month whenthe captain of the plane I was travelling on failed in his landing _28_ at Shannon Airport, because there was “ a problem“ with the landing gear （起落架）.We_29_ for a while.Then the captain announced the issue

45、 still couldn't be solved and that the crew would take us through the 30 for an emergency landing.Suddenly my mother s voice was in my head: In the 31 of an emergency, putyour head between your legs and kiss your arse goodbye." I laughed inwardly at my mother 's joke, and I wondered why

46、 I wasn't _32_. I suddenly realized I was experiencing a complete and total absence of worry, as there was nothing I could do to _33_ the problem with the plane.As the runway rose to meet our plane 's _34_ underbelly and the firefighters_35_ to meet us, I felt a strange and beautiful _36_. A

47、nd as the plane landed perfectly because, as it _37_, the problem was with a sensor and not with the landing gear and people _38_ and hugged one another, I realized I wasn t a _39_ at all. The absence of worry I had just experienced was 40 an absence of any possibility of control. So I'm a contr

48、olfreak, wanting to control everything. And now I 'm terribly worried about that.21. A. let B. put C. dragged D. calmed22. A. fears B. hopes C. sorrows D. joys23. A. committed B. presented C. contributed D. recommended24. A. specific B. constant C. abstract D. secret25. A. expose B. reduce C. at

49、tach D. restrict26. A. treated B. served C. inspired D. instructed27. A. since B. after C. before D. until28. A. test B. rescue C. attempt D. adventure29. A. circled B. dived C. swung D. taxied30. A. requirement B. preparation C. procedure D. arrangement31. A. wake B. course C. event D. light32. A.

50、thrilled B. amazed C. discouraged D. terrified33. A. identify B. accept C. change D. explore34. A. weird B. sick C. soft D. flat35. A. fled B. marched C. approached D. raced36. A. excitement B. nervousness C. astonishment D. calmness37. A. turned out B. brought out C. made out D. ruled out38. A. respond