2020屆高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)：專題1名詞

1、專題一、名 詞全國卷考情分析題型典題試做命題解讀語法填空1.（2017 年全國卷 I ）This trend , . , has had some unintended side efects（efect） such as overweight and heart disease 一the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.2. （2017 年全國卷 n ）This development was only possible with the introduction （introduce） of electric-pow

2、ered engines and lifts.1 .給出名詞提示詞，考查名 詞的數(shù)；2 .給其他詞性形式（通常為 動詞、形容詞）提示詞，填寫 名詞；3 .名詞的固定搭配。短文改錯1.（2017 年全國卷 I ）The instructor kept repeating thewordfwords, “Speed up ! ""Slow down!”【導(dǎo)學(xué)號：65670169】2. （2017 年全國卷 n ）Besides , they often get some useful informations 一informationfrom the Internet.1 .可

3、數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)的錯用；2 .混淆名詞的可數(shù)與/、可 數(shù)。（對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第226頁）名詞的數(shù)先試做題組1 .單句語法填空1. (2016 年四高考)Any smell might attract natural enemies(enemy) that would try to eat the little panda.2. (2017 年淄博二模)He lost all his keys(key) to the doors , so he had to get them opened by force. n .單句改錯Though we are now out of danger , the br

4、oken bridge is still great danger to car drivers.great 前力口 a 再解讀要點(diǎn)名詞按其詞匯意義可分為專有名詞和普通名詞。普通名詞包括可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞有單 數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，不可數(shù)名詞沒有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。1 .可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則 (1)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的規(guī)則變化變化規(guī)則例詞一般情況卜在詞尾直接加-sbooks, horses , beds, pages以-s , - x, -sh, -ch結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加-esglasses , boxes, brushes , watches(例外： stomachf stomachs)以輔首字母+

5、y結(jié)尾的名詞，把 y變?yōu)閕再加-es;以元音字母+ y結(jié)尾的名詞，直接加-scities , countries , factories , boys, toys , holidays以。結(jié)尾的名詞，常在詞尾加-sradios , photos , pianos , zoos(例外：heroes , tomatoes , potatoes)以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞，常把 f或fe變成v,再加half halves , knife fknives , leaf fleaves ;-es ;少數(shù)詞尾加-sroofs , chiefs , gulfs , beliefs , proofs（2）名詞復(fù)

6、數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化單復(fù)數(shù)同形： deer, sheep, Chinese , means（方式，方法），series , species詞形變化： man menwomans women child fchildren , tooth fteeth , foot ffeet , mouses mice, oxfoxen合成名詞的復(fù)數(shù)：passer-byfpassers-by , looker - onflookers - on, grown-upfgrown-ups, stand - byf stand - bys名詞前有 man或woman修飾，變復(fù)數(shù)時，作定語的man/woman和中心詞都要變

7、為復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： womandoctor fwomen doctors ,man waiter f men waiters（3）常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞：thanks , congratulations ,trousers , works（著作；工廠）,manners（禮貌）,spirits（ 情緒）,instructions（操作說明）,directions（ 用法說明），papers（試卷， 文件），times（時代）等。2 .抽象名詞具體化experienceU經(jīng)驗an experience©一次經(jīng)歷surpriseU驚奇a surpriseC一個/次令人吃驚的人或事pleasu

8、reU愉快a pleasureC一件樂事successU成功a successC 一個（件）成功的人或事comfortU安慰a comfortC 一個（件）令人安慰的人或事名詞的固定搭配先試做題組I.單句語法填空1 . I have no hesitation(hesitate) in recommending her for the job.2 .(江西高考 )Whenever I made mistakes(mistake) , the teacher pointed them out with patience. n .單句改錯Many parents in China always a

9、ttach too much important to words, ordering their children to dothis or that. important fimportance【導(dǎo)學(xué)號：65670170】 再解讀要點(diǎn)名詞構(gòu)成的固定搭配主要有兩類：“動詞+名詞+介詞”和“介詞+名詞”。?？嫉母哳l短語：1 .介詞+名詞with patience 耐心地by chance/accident 偶然at a loss 不知所措in advance 提前in favor of 支持， 贊成on purpose 故意地beyond recognition 無法辨認(rèn) in great d

10、emand需求量很大2 .動詞+名詞+介詞have/gain access to可以獲得take advantage of 利用， 趁之機(jī)make use of 禾U用 find fault with 挑的錯keep pace with與同步put an end to結(jié)束take notice of注意至 Ucatch sight of看見do damage to 損害attach importance to重視take the place of 取代， 代替take pride in 以自豪take possession of 占有make preparations for為做準(zhǔn)備make

11、contributions to對做出貢獻(xiàn)技法點(diǎn)撥名詞與語法填空名詞與短文改錯1 .詞性轉(zhuǎn)換題：“句子成分”是關(guān)鍵(1)如果要填的詞在句中作主語、賓語或表語要考慮 名詞形式；(2)如果要填的詞被形容詞、定冠詞或形容詞性物主 代詞所修飾，要考慮名詞形式；2 .名詞復(fù)數(shù)題：“牢記規(guī)則”辨是非(1)如果空格處被 these , several , many和數(shù)詞等修飾時，要考慮名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式；(2)如果一般現(xiàn)在時的謂語動詞是動詞原形或are ,要考慮用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。1 .遇到名詞，首先想到是可數(shù)名詞還是/、可數(shù)名詞；2 .看至ij several , a few, many, one of , three , a number of等要想到名詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式；