北京市朝陽區(qū)2019屆高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試題及答案

1、百度文庫-讓每個(gè)人平等地提升自我-18 - 1 -北京市朝陽區(qū)2018-2019學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期高三年級(jí)期中統(tǒng)一考試英語試卷（考試時(shí)長100分鐘 滿分120分）本試卷共10頁?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，45分）第一節(jié) 語法填空（共10小題；每小題分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫s face. So the next time I see that person I also see the name on his or her face, and that is _8_ I n ever forget a n

2、 ame.Whe nI have to memorize things for school, I walk up and down in the room, _9_ (read) the notes aloud. Themethods are very effective and I _10_ (use) them for many years.Compared with me, my brother has a very bad memory. He n ever remembers his promises.I always have to remind him.第二節(jié) 完形填空（共20

3、小題；每小題分，共30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B C D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。The Darjeeli ng Himalaya n Railway may be the slowest train in the world. Everyday the train _1_ (climb)over 2250 meters. Although the entire trip is 80 kilometers,it takesup toprotected for its culturalimportane

4、e.Today the train is attractive to the passengerswho come from other places _3_ (see) the railway and the surro unding mountains.They seem to get a lot of pleasure _4_ its slow speed. For _5_ (fan) of this train,being slow is actually a good thing. As these people say,speed”has five letters, so has

5、death.I think my memory is good. I use a simple trick(clear). Whe n I meet some one and hear the person“ slow”has four letters,to remember peoples names _6s n ame, I imagi ne that I can see1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在the n ame _7_ (write) on the pers onso has life;百度文庫-讓每個(gè)人平等地提升自我-18 - 2 -Bradleys BicycleWhen our son

6、Bradley was ten, the new bicycle he had received earlier that year was missing.Having a bike was a big deal to our children.They spent hours and hourson their bikes, _11_ up and dow n the footpath, and at the front of the house. We also rode as a _12_at holidays, whe n all the members enjoyed stay i

7、ng together.Bicycli ng was a great way to get the kids out of the house and into the fresh air_13_ spe nding any mon ey.Bradley discovered that his bicycle had bee n _14_ from our backyard whe n heand his sister went outside for a morning ride. He could nt _15_ that some one would do this. _16_,none

8、 of the other bicycles were touched and nothing else was missing.Bradley pain ted a sig n （告示）on a large piece of cardboard, _17_ for the bicycle to be returned,and _18_ it to the letterbox. The following morning, when I went out to collect the mail, I found a white_19_ with the magical words,“Buy y

9、ourself a new bike.”It took me a little while to _20_ whatit was in side it. It was a$100 banknote.Wewere very _21_ that some one had the heart to do this. We ve n ever bee n able to thank theperson but we _22_ that it may have been one of our wonderful neighbors. Bradley pain ted a big“Thank you”on

10、 the sig n and we _23_ it outside for a couple of weeks afterwards in case it was someone who drove dow n our street.Bradley was able to _24_ a new bicycle. As the years went on, bicycles becamebigger and more expensive but remained just as _25_ for those family bicycle rides.Nowthe kids have grown

11、up and cars have _26_ their bicycles.Bradley is twenty-fivethis year. Sometimes I _27_ the days whe n receivi ng a bicycle was the best thi ng in the world to them.All these years later we are still grateful to that in credibly ki nd _28_. Ayoung boys sorrow turned to joy when he got his _29_. We we

12、re a young family withthree little childrenand it meant a lot to us. We still talk about it and, even now,_30_ who actually gave us the help.百度文庫-讓每個(gè)人平等地提升自我-18 - 3 -11. A. walk ingB. flyingC. jumpingD. riding12. A. familyB. clubC. staffD. departme nt百度文庫-讓每個(gè)人平等地提升自我-18 - 4 -13. A. agai nstB. before

13、C. withoutD. except14. A. chargedB. stole nC. returnedD.saved15. A. rememberB. promiseC. explai nD.believe16. A. Stra ngelyB. HopefullyC. TypicallyD. Normally17. A. applyi ngB. beggi ngC. head ingD. search ing18. A. ha ndedB. droppedC. tied D.covered19. A. en velope/B. flagC. no ticeD.board20. A. ad

14、justB. commitC. declareD.realize21. A. ashamedB. scaredC. touchedD.con fused22. A. ig noreB. suspectC. admitD.un dersta nd23. A. threwB. lostC. sentD.left24. A. ownB. earnC. copyD.seek25. A. flexibleB. importa ntC. secureD.comfortable26. A. affectedB. comb inedC. replacedD.defeated27. A. missB. foll

15、owC. countD.recomme nd28. A. guideB. hostC. stra ngerD. n eighbor29. A. prizeB. wishC. chaneeD.view30. A. checkB. predictC. doubtD.won der第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，共30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。APlanning to get away? Think passport firstIf youre planning to get away from

16、it all this year, youshould think passport first. Check ing you have a validpassport before you book your trip takes minutes but couldsave you the trouble and cost of not being able to go.Renewing （更新）your passport before it runs out百度文庫-讓每個(gè)人平等地提升自我_ 5 4 -You can renew your passport up to 9 mon ths

17、before it can no Ion ger be legally used.So take the time now and save the tears later.Appl ying for a passport for the first timeOur eligibility （資格）checks mean that it takes a minimum of one week to issue （頒發(fā)）a passport. So make sure you don t leave it to the last minute, and apply in ple nty of t

18、ime.Help with your applicati on is just around the cornerSelected Post Office bran ches and Worldchoice travel age nts offer a Check and Sendservice that helps you with your application. Its convenient and you should receive your passport with in2 weeks.If you n eed to apply for or renew a passport,

19、 you can either:Pick up a Passport ApplicationForm at Selected Post Office branches and Worldchoicetravel age nts.Or call the Applicatio n Form Request line on 0901 4700 100 or visityour need isurge nt, call 0870 521 0410 for an appo in tme nt at one of our offices. Weca nt guara ntee to seecustomer

20、s without an appo in tme nt.From 14th January a guara nteed same day （passport ren ewals only） or one week service will beavailable from passport public coun ters.*Calls will be charged 60p per minute and the cost per call should not no rmally bemore tha n 90p.*Calls are charged at n ati onal rates.

21、31. When appl ying for a passport for the first time, you n eed to know that_ .A. passports can be legally used foreverB. passports are issued at the last minuteC. applicati on checks take at least one weekD. applicati ons are selected by post office bran ches32. Accord ing to the passage, you can m

22、eet your urge nt n eed by_.A. going to the offices directly百度文庫-讓每個(gè)人平等地提升自我-18 - 6 -B. mak ing a call for an appo in tme ntC. visit ing for a guara nteeD. gett ing in touch with Worldchoice travel age nts33. What is the passage mainly about?A. Certain types of passports.B. Different functions of pas

23、sports.C. Adva ntages of holdi ng passports.D. In structi ons on appl ying for passports.BA Teen age Inven torThe world could be one step closer to quick and in expe nsive Eboladetect ion tha nks to a tee nager from Conn ecticut.Olivia Hallisey, a junior at Greenwich High School, was awarded$50,000

24、in the Google Science Fair for her new method that detects Ebola,a virus that causes bleedi ng from differe nt parts of the bodyand usually causes death. Olivias method is to ask patients to put their saliva（唾液）onto a test ing card. The card cha nges color if the pers on is catchi ng Ebloa.Prese nt

25、Ebloa tests take up to 12 hours and cost $1,000. Oliviacan be done just in 30 minu tes for about $25. Besides, the sample （ have to beput in a refrigerator tha nks to the silk material Olivia uses to produce the testi ngcards.Olivia was in spiredto deal with this global problem after watch ing the n

26、 ews thatmore than 10,000 peopledied from Ebola in West Africa. She was particularly worriedabout the fact that, while the acts of involvement can improve survival rates,presentdetecti on methods are costly, time-c onsuming and require complex tools. Olivia got help from her scienee research teacher

27、. She drew out direct ions from past research, and figured out detect ion systems thathave prove n to work with other diseases,in cludi ng Lyme disease and yellow fever. work together to find answers to the huge challenges whichcause harm to the globalhealth.”The Connecticuts teen, who hopes to beco

28、me a doctor one day, was named the Google Scies method, however,樣本）doesn tWhat affects one country affects every one,Olivia toldCNBC.“We have to百度文庫-讓每個(gè)人平等地提升自我-18 - 7 -nee Fair winner in the competiti on of 20 competitors from across theglobe. The fair is open to young people between the ages of 13

29、 and 18 in most countries.Olivia hopes her success will in spire other girls in terested in scie nee andcomputers.“I would just encourage girls to try it in the beginning,and remind themthat they dont have to feel n aturallydraw n or feel like they have a special tale ntfor maths or scienee ,”she to

30、ld CNBC,“but just really look at something they areinterested in and then think how to improve something or make it more enjoyable or relate it to their interests.”34. Accord ing to the passage, prese nt Ebola detect ion methods_ .A. must use a large amount of samplesB. may detect other deadly virus

31、es as wellC. have prove n to be in effective in practiceD. require samples to be kept in refrigerators35. What can we learn about Olivias method?A. Time-c onsuming.B. Cheap.C. Complex.D. Out-of-date.36. What does the un derl ined word“draw n”in Paragraph 5 probably mean ?A. Attracted.B. Co ntrolled.

32、 C. Admitted.D. Exposed.37. The Google Science Fair is inten ded for_.A. stude ntsB. doctorsC. inven torsD. scie ntistsCPalaces are known for their beauty and splendor,but they offer littleprotectionaga inst attacks. It is easy to defe nd a large buildi ng, but usually these buildi ngs are not desig

33、ned withthe comfort of a king in mind. Whenit comes to structures that are both beautiful and defe nsive, theEuropea n castle is a big success.Castles were origi nally built in En gla nd by the Norma ns in 1066. They built towers and walls tosecure the land they had take n. These castles provided th

34、e Norma ns with a quiet and safe place. Theyalso served as bases of operati on for attacks. In this way castles served both defe nsive and offen siveroles. Besides, castles served asoffices for gover nors. Those that were socially ben eath the gover nor would come toreport affairs and express their

35、respect. They would address problems, han dle bus in ess, feast, and百度文庫-讓每個(gè)人平等地提升自我-18 - 8 -enjoy festivities in castles. So castles served as social centers as well.The first castles were made from earth and wood, and they were likely to sufferfrom attacks by fire. The n woode n castles were gradu

36、ally replaced by stone, which greatly in creased thestre ngth of these towers and walls. However, attackers could throw flaming objects into castles throughthe windows or burn the wooden doors. This led to moving the win dows and entrances off of the gro undfloor and up to the first floor to make th

37、em more difficult to access.During the Middle Ages, attacks in creased in regularity, so castle defe nses were updated.Arrow-slits were added. They were small holes in the castle, which allowed defe nders to fire without beinghurt. Towers were built from which defe nders could provide fire on both s

38、ides. The towers were connectedto the castle by wooden bridges, so that if one tower fell, the rest of the castle was still easy to defend. A lotof rings of castle walls were con structed, so that even if attackers went past one wall, they would becaught on a killi ng ground betwee n inner and outer

39、 walls. All of these in creased the defe nse of castles.The end of castles can be attributed to gun powder. During the 15th cen tury,artillery, a kind of large guns, became powerful eno ugh to break through stone walls. This greatly madethe role of castles less effective. Thoughcastles no Ion ger se

40、rvetheir original purposes, remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year who wish to experience thesituations of ancient times.38. What was the original function of castles according to the passage?A. They served as tourist attract ions.B. They were importa nt social cen ters.C. They mar

41、ked religious cere moni es.D. They were built for use in emerge ncies.39. The reas on why woode n castles were replaced by stone castles was that_ .A. stone castles cost less moneyB. stone castles offered better defe nse百度文庫-讓每個(gè)人平等地提升自我-9 8-C. woode n castles were un comfortableD. wooden castles too

42、k a long time to build40. Which of the followi ng showed an improveme nt in castle defe nses?A. Castles were totally separated by ston es.B. Arrow-slits were made in large qua ntities.C. Rings of walls were built to defe nd the towers.D. Win dows and entrances were moved to the higher floor.41. What

43、 is the best title of the passage?A. Fancy Livi ng: Lear ning about CastlesB. Norma ns: Bringing Castles to En gla ndC. A History of Castles: The Rise and Fall of CastlesD. Defending Castles: Tech no logies Used to Defend CastlesDMaths and MusicAn excelle nt way to kill a con versati on is to say yo

44、u are a mathematicia n. Tellothers you are also a musicia n, however, and they will be hooked. Although there are obvious similaritiesbetween mathematical and musical activity, there is no direct evide nee for the kind of magical connectionmany people seem to believe in.Im partly referring here to t

45、he“Mozart effect”, where children who have been played Mozartcompositions are supposedly more intelligent,including at maths, thanother childre n. It is not hard to see why such a theory would be popular: we wouldall like to become better at maths withoutputt ingin any effort.But the conclusionsof t

46、he experiment that expressed the beliefin the Mozart effectwere much more modest.If you want your brain to work better, you clearly have to put in hard work. As for learning to play the pia no,it also takes effort.Surely a connection is quite reas on able.Both maths and music deal with abstractstruc

47、tures, so if you become good at one, the n it is likely that you become good atsomething more general that helps you with the other. If this is correct, it would、zX /show a connection between mathematical and musical ability. It would be more likethe connection betwee n abilities at football and ten

48、nis. To become better at one,百度文庫-讓每個(gè)人平等地提升自我-18 - 10 -you n eed to improve your fitn ess and coord in ati on （協(xié)調(diào)）.That makes you better atsport and probably helps with the other.Abstract structures dont exist only in maths and music. If you learn a Ianguagethen you need to understand its abstract s

49、tructures likegrammar. Yet we dont hearpeople asking about a connection between mathematicaland lin guistic（語言的）ability.Maybe this is because grammar feels mathematical, so it wouldn t be surprising that mathematicianswere better at learning grammar. Music, however, is strongly tied up with feelings

50、 and can be enjoyedeven by people who know little about it. As such, it seems different from maths, so therewouldntbe any connection between the two.Lets see how we solve problems of the“A is to B as C is toD kind. Theseappear in in tellige nee tests but they are also cen tral to both music and math

51、s.Consider the opening of MozartsEine Kleine Nachtmusik （小夜曲）.The second phrase is a clear answer to the first. The liste ner thin ks:“The first phrase goes upwardand uses the notes of a G major chord （禾口弦）;what would be the corresponding phrasethat goes dow nward and uses the no tes of a D7?”Music

52、is full of puzzles like this.If you are good at them, expectations will constantly be set up in your mind. Thebest mome nts surprise you by being un expected, but we n eed the expectati ons in the first place.42. What does the author say about“Mozart effect”？A. The goal of it was not carefully thoug

53、ht about.B. The in terest people showed in it was un expected.C. The way it was carried out proved to be in effective.D. The findings from it gave people wrong information.43. The author men ti oned football and tennis in Paragraph 3 to show that_.A. music and maths have someth ing in com monB. foot

54、ball and tennis are played in a similar wayC. certa in skills may be developed through practiceD. abstract structures bring ben efits to various fields、zX /44. We can infer from Paragraph 4 that_ .A. la nguage is less attractive to lear nersB. mathematicians are good at music learning百度文庫-讓每個(gè)人平等地提升自

55、我-18 - 11 -C. la nguage seems more like maths tha n music doesD. the structure of Ian guage is easier to lear n tha n that of music45.What is the writers main purpose in the last paragraph?A. To prove how music fin ally differs from maths.B. To describe the mathematical processes musicia ns may have

56、.C. To show how abstract thinking applies to both music and maths.D. To explain why Mozart is so highly con sidered by mathematicia ns.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Garde ning 380 Kilometers above EarthAstro nauts have to go through physical, psychological, and tech

57、ni cal training.They also go through training in how to care for plants.These“astronaut gardeners”share their work and livi ng space with pla nts.Taking seeds and plants along on a trip isnt a new idea. As space trips become Ion ger, it will be necessary to grow food in space._ 46_Because of this, i

58、tsnot practical to send everything needed for a long journey, only to be used once and throw n away.Plants can serve many uses on a space journey. They can provide more fresh things._47_ Also, plants can help to makeair qualitybetter because they produce oxygen.They can improve the quality of the ai

59、r in side the spacecraftthe only air theastr on auts can breathe._ 48_ Due to the lack of gravity in space, the oxygen that the plants produce stays around theplants._ This can actually kill them, so fans are needed to circulatethe air. Without gravity, roots dont“know”to grow down, leaves dont“know

60、”to grow up, and water doesnt easily travel up the roots to the leaves._49_Besides, soil is too heavy to send to space, and special liquid gels （膠）are usedto help pla nt growth.Scientists are also working on the plants themselves. They are trying to makepla nts grow more rapidly and grow with less w