2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)高頻詞匯必背及訓(xùn)練191719

1、2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)高頻詞匯必背及訓(xùn)練1l.access通道，入口（接近或進(jìn)入的）方法，機(jī)會(huì)，權(quán)利vt.取得，獲取（尤指計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)）考點(diǎn)提示：have access to sth. 可以使用 /有接觸機(jī)會(huì)have access to a car/a puter. 有汽車(chē)/計(jì)算機(jī)可以使用gain/get access （to sth.）進(jìn)入某地；見(jiàn)到某人或某物完成句子學(xué)生需要得到圖書(shū)的方便途徑。Students need easy the books.每個(gè)人都有受教育權(quán)。Everyone education.只有沿著那條狹窄的路走才能到達(dá)他們的房子。their house is alon

2、g that narrow road.2.absence n. 缺席，不在場(chǎng)反presence 不存在，缺乏 考點(diǎn)提示：absent （adj.）缺席的；不在的；be absent from 不在； 缺席be absent for （不在）去了in/during sb ' s absense 在某人不在期間完成句子我不在時(shí)，請(qǐng)照看我的房子。Please take care of my house .We were obliged to accept it as true.老師對(duì)他曠課很生氣。The teacher was angry at his.他今天缺課/缺勤/缺席會(huì)議。He to

3、day.Snow some countries.他外出了，現(xiàn)在在歐洲。He.3.suppose vt. 認(rèn)為，猜想考點(diǎn)提示：suppose + that/to be 認(rèn)為，猜想be （not） supposed to （do）（ 不）被期望，（不）應(yīng)該 suppose/supposing that（ 與 given, provided 通用） 表示“假定結(jié)果會(huì)怎么樣？”I suppose so./No, I suppose not./No, I don'tsuppose so.我認(rèn)為這樣。/不，我不認(rèn)為這樣。/不，我不認(rèn)為這樣。(1) Jerry is playing online g

4、ames.He's playing games ? He's to be doing his homework now.A. believedB. supposed C. consideredD. pretended(2) How do you we will go to Hainan for our holidays?-I think we'd better fly there. It's much more fortable.A. insistB. want C. suggest D. Suppose4.switch vt. 轉(zhuǎn)換，轉(zhuǎn)變考點(diǎn)提示：switch

5、 (from A) to B( 由 A)轉(zhuǎn)換成 Bswitch on 開(kāi)(電燈、機(jī)器等)switch off 關(guān)(電燈、機(jī)器等)；失去興趣；覺(jué)得乏味switch over轉(zhuǎn)換頻道；轉(zhuǎn)變(1)In order to stop poverty, the World Bank hasits focus to providing technical assistanceand long - term loans to developing countries.A. fixedB. exchangedC. transferredD. switched(2)She started studying med

6、icine at college, but to Business Studies in her second year.A. transformedB. skipped C. adjustedD. switched5 .matter vi. 重要，有重大關(guān)系n.物質(zhì)；問(wèn)題；毛病考點(diǎn)提示：to make matters worse 更糟糕的是no matter不要緊，沒(méi)關(guān)系as a matter of fact實(shí)際上；不瞞你說(shuō)；確實(shí)It doesn't matter.沒(méi)關(guān)系。"他問(wèn)我怎么回事”習(xí)慣上說(shuō)：He asked me what was the matter.（ 此處因

7、what作主語(yǔ)，故后邊語(yǔ)序不變），而有些學(xué)生慣用 He asked me what the matter was.句子雖正確，但意思不同，此處是“他問(wèn)我那物質(zhì)是什么。” Don't worry. It's only a(n)of money. We will try our best to collect enough.A. matterB. affair C. businessD. accident The thing that is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.A. mattersB. ca

8、res C . mindsD. considers6 .condemn v.譴責(zé)，指責(zé) 宣判，判刑同sentence完成句子我們譴責(zé)他的不良行為。We him his bad conduct.犯人被判處死刑。The prisoner.7 .condition n. 條件 用復(fù)數(shù)（工作或生活等的）條件，狀況 （健康或物品的）狀態(tài)，狀況 完成句子/英譯漢/單項(xiàng)選擇如果你能在星期一還我，我可以借給你這本書(shū)。I will lend you the book you it on Monday.在這么惡劣的情況下，我們只有推遲野營(yíng)了。, we have to put off the camp. He is

9、 living in terrible conditions. That is a used car in good condition.我決不會(huì)改變我的主意。On no condition my mind. I agree to his suggestion the condition that he drops all charges.A. by B. in C. on D. to8 .character n .品質(zhì)；性格；人物；角色；字體考點(diǎn)提示：be different in character有著不同的性格a man of character有個(gè)性的人，有骨氣的人a leading

10、character 主角in the character of 以的資格，扮演的角色out of character不適合，和不相稱(chēng)The Chinese characters 漢字characteristic adj. 表現(xiàn)特點(diǎn)的 n.特征，特性，特色characterize v.表現(xiàn)的特色 Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for building.A. respectB. friendship C . reputationD. character Mr. Johnsons is of

11、 good, so he is respected and loved by everyone in the neighbourhood.A characterB characteristic C featureD uniqueness9 .found vt. 建立，創(chuàng)立考點(diǎn)提示：be founded on/upon建立在基礎(chǔ)上find ffoundffound（發(fā)現(xiàn)）found ffounded f founded（創(chuàng)辦，建立 ）foundation n .基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)，建立，創(chuàng)辦lay foundations 打地基founder n .奠基者，創(chuàng)建者，締造者put up, set up,

12、build 與 found 的區(qū)另Uput up表示“建造，搭建”時(shí)，指高于地平面的建筑物，即"搭起，豎起，掛起”之意，同set up 。set up還表示“建立，成立“，常與表示組織、機(jī)構(gòu)、團(tuán)體之意的詞連用，這時(shí)相當(dāng)于found ,如：set uphome安家落戶。build意為“建造，建設(shè)，建立"，是最普通的用語(yǔ)，常指建造大的東西，可接具體或抽象的名詞。found指建立、成立機(jī)構(gòu)或組織等。此意同 set up，但found更強(qiáng)調(diào)打基礎(chǔ)。用found, put up, set up的正確形式填空：in 1636 , Harvard is one of the most f

13、amous universities in the United States. A new theatre where there used to be a temple. The factory has a night school to strengthen the workers' education.10.opinion n .意見(jiàn)，看法，主張考點(diǎn)提示：in one's opinion = in the opinion of sb.按照某人的看法have a good/bad/high/low opinion of 對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)很好 /很糟be of the opinion

14、 that. 主張, 認(rèn)為in one's view以的觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看point of view觀點(diǎn)opinion 與 viewopinion是一般通用詞，指對(duì)事物或問(wèn)題經(jīng)過(guò)思考后提出的意見(jiàn)、主張、看法，含有初步的，不肯定的意 昧。view指“見(jiàn)解，觀點(diǎn)”，側(cè)重對(duì)較廣泛、重大或有關(guān)公眾的問(wèn)題所采用的態(tài)度，view比opinion更為肯定、全面和系統(tǒng)。 It's a terrible shame , , that the building was knocked down.A. I thinkB. in my opinion C . personallyD. All above(2)

15、Although my opinion, the old professor didn't e up with his own.A. againstB. on C. forD. in答案：1. CD access to has access to The only access to2. during my absencein the absence of other evidence(3) absence from school is absent from school/work/the meeting is absent in is absent in Europe3 .(1)B

16、 be supposed to do sth. 意為：某人應(yīng)該做某事。題中用了不定式的進(jìn)行式，表示： Jerry應(yīng)該正 在做作業(yè)。(2)D4 .(1)D (2)D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：她從醫(yī)學(xué)專(zhuān)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)到商務(wù)研究系，用 switch表示“轉(zhuǎn)換，改變(思路、話題等)”。B項(xiàng)可表示“急速改變”，不符合語(yǔ)境。其他選項(xiàng)的含義：A “改變，轉(zhuǎn)變，改選” ，C “調(diào)整”。5 .A 考查名詞辨析。短語(yǔ) a matter of表示“(僅僅、就)只是的事而已"，如a matter of days/time“僅僅幾天，只是時(shí)間的早晚”。句意：別擔(dān)心，這只是錢(qián)的事情而已，我們會(huì)盡力募集夠的。 A6 . cond

17、emned; for was condemned to death7 . on condition that; returnUnder such bad weather conditions他的生活條件很差。那是一輛狀況良好的舊車(chē)。 will I changeC 句意：我同意他的建議，條件是他放棄所有的指控。on (the) condition that 在條件下，介詞用on,屬固定搭配。8 .D句意：獨(dú)自徒步旅行可能會(huì)很有趣并且有益于健康，或許對(duì)意志的磨煉也有好處。respect尊重，愛(ài)戴；friendship 友誼；reputation 名譽(yù)，榮譽(yù)，聲望；character性格，品格，品質(zhì)

18、，特點(diǎn)，特性。又 如： The little boy showed great character returning to school after earthquake.在地震發(fā)生后,小男孩重返學(xué)校表現(xiàn)出了他頑強(qiáng)的毅力。A character 這里說(shuō)明人的品質(zhì)9 . CD Founded has been put up set up10 .D A日C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思相同，均可作插入語(yǔ)。故選 D項(xiàng)。A2019-2020年高考英語(yǔ)高頻詞匯必背及訓(xùn)練10l.effect n .效果，作用；影響have an effect on 對(duì)有影響 (have a/an + adj . + effect on

19、.)have some/little/no effect on 對(duì)有些 / 一點(diǎn) / 沒(méi)有影響in effect 實(shí)際上，事實(shí)上；有效take effect 見(jiàn)效，開(kāi)始起作用；(法律或規(guī)章)生效，開(kāi)始實(shí)行e into effect實(shí)行，實(shí)施，生效be of no effect 無(wú)效cause and effect 因果注意：雖然表達(dá)“對(duì)有影響“用 have an effect on，但表示“有很大/小影響”用have much/littleeffect on ,而不用 many/few。The medicine had a good effect on me.那種藥對(duì)我有良好的功效。The a

20、dvertising campaign didn't have much effect on sales.這些廣告攻勢(shì)對(duì)銷(xiāo)售額沒(méi)起到多大作用。The medicine quickly took effect.這種藥很快就見(jiàn)效了。affect/effect/influence 辨析(1)affect 僅作動(dòng)詞，可以用于以下三種情況：對(duì)某人或某物產(chǎn)生不良的影響，通常以被影響的人或物作為賓語(yǔ)。作“影響”講時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，相當(dāng) 于短語(yǔ) have an effect on .Hot weather affects his health.炎熱的天氣影響著他的健康。作“使改動(dòng)，使變化”之意講時(shí)，屬中

21、性詞，沒(méi)有好壞之分。He wasn't affected by the news.他聽(tīng)了這消息后無(wú)動(dòng)于衷。感動(dòng)。His speech affected the audience deeply.他的演講深深地打動(dòng)了觀眾。affect 的結(jié)果。(2)effect通常指使某人或某物得以改進(jìn)和變化，強(qiáng)調(diào)造成一種特殊的后果。作名詞時(shí)指This medicine has no effect on his headache.這種藥對(duì)他的頭疼不起作用。(3)influence 指通過(guò)勸說(shuō)、行為或事例等對(duì)另一方的行為、性格、觀點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生潛移默化的或持久的影響，尤其在感情和態(tài)度上的影響。有動(dòng)詞和名詞兩種詞性。

22、What we read influences our thinking.我們閱讀的書(shū)籍會(huì)對(duì)我們的思想產(chǎn)生影響。完成句子We should learn to distinguish between(因果).(2)The new law( 生效)from tomorrow.(3)( 實(shí)際上),the two systems are the same.單項(xiàng)填空(4)Recently tourism has a great on the wildlife in my hometown, which causes plaints.A. effort B . effect C . affect D. r

23、eflect2.disappoint vt. 使失望The film disappointed him.影片使他失望。(1)有些及物動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞均可用作形容詞，現(xiàn)在分詞意為“令人的"，一般用來(lái)指物;過(guò)去分詞意為“某人感到的"，一般用來(lái)指人。但指人的“表情” “嗓音”等時(shí)用過(guò)去分詞。此類(lèi)形容 詞有：interesting令人感興趣的interested 對(duì)感興趣surprising令人吃驚的surprised感到吃驚的disappointing 令人失望的 disappointed 感到失望的boring令人厭煩的bored感到厭煩的exciting 令人興奮的e

24、xcited感到興奮的relaxing令人輕松的 relaxed感到輕松的moving動(dòng)人的annoying令人氣惱的movediE感動(dòng)的annoyed感到惱怒的The disappointing news made us disappointed.這個(gè)令人失望的消息使我們很失望。I was moved by the moving scene.我被這令人感動(dòng)的一幕打動(dòng)了。be disappointed to do. 失望做be disappointed that.失望的是(2)to one's disappointment = to the disappointment of sb使某

25、人失望的是I'm disappointed that I failed the exam.我失望的是我考試沒(méi)及格。用disappoint的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)From his father's look , we know the boy made his father(2)The long speech given by that old professor seemedand endless.(3) The film is , I have to say , not a bit interesting. Why? It's than the films I have

26、ever seen.A. far more interestingB. much less interestingC. no more interestingD. any less interesting3.perform(1)vt.& vi. 演出，表演The play was first performed in 1987.這部劇于1987年首次上演。(2)vt.做，履行，執(zhí)行The surgeon has performed the operation.外科醫(yī)生已做完了手術(shù)。vi.工作，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)(好/不好)The engine seems to be performing well.

27、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)似乎運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)正常。perform an experiment/operation做實(shí)驗(yàn) / 施行手術(shù)perform a play上演一部居U本perform a role in( = play a role in.) 在中起作用perform well/badly(poorly)/satisfactorily表現(xiàn)得好 /壞/ 令人滿意performance n .表演,演奏 performer n .表演者 put on performance 表演 (1)We've never seen a Shakespeare's play so wonderfully.A. perf

28、ormB. is performing C . performingD. performed(2) Tonight the blind boy will perform the piano at the party. Great ! He succeeded at last ! He's performed a wonder.A. / ; / B . on； on C . on； / D . /; on4.1 mpress vt.使(人)象深刻；印上，壓出印記impress sth on sb=impress sb with sth 使某人牢記/銘記某事 impress sth on

29、sth 把在上be impressed by/at/with.被感動(dòng)；對(duì)印象深刻be impressed on one's mind/memory被印在腦海里，留下深刻的印象impressionn.象impressive adj.使人印象深刻的，令人感動(dòng)的a/an.impression on sb給某人留下leave/make 的印象 no impression on sb/sth 對(duì)無(wú)影響 /效果The book didn't impress me at all.這本書(shū)沒(méi)有給我留下一點(diǎn)印象。He impressed me with the importance of the

30、work.他讓我明白了工作的重要性。The teachers were impressed by your performance in the exam.所有的老師被你們的考試成績(jī)所感動(dòng)。(1)Hea design on cloth.What a beautiful design!A. pressedB. impressed C . put D . placed(2)The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO xx was strongly impressed my memory.A to B ov

31、er C by D on(3)When you stay in a stranger's home , you should do everything properly so that you can make a good on the host.A. expression B . impression C . suggestion D . manner5bine vt.(使)聯(lián)合，(使)結(jié)合bine sth with/and sth 把與聯(lián)合bine with 與混合，與化合bine business with pleasure 勞逸結(jié)合We should bine busine

32、ss with pleasure.我們應(yīng)該勞逸結(jié)合。完成句子你應(yīng)該努力把鍛煉與健康飲食結(jié)合起來(lái)。You should try to exercise healthy diets.6 .represent vt. 代表；象征；描繪What does this mark represent ? 這個(gè)符號(hào)代表什么? representative n .代表者,代理人,眾議員 represent sb/sth as sb/sth 把描述成represent sb as/to be.宣稱(chēng)某人為represent sth to sb向某人說(shuō)明某事，向某人傳達(dá)某事be well/badly represen

33、ted 很好 / 很差地展示 be representative of. 是的代表He represented himself as(to be)a friend of mine.他自稱(chēng)是我的一個(gè)朋友。Are your opinions representative of those of the other students?你們的意見(jiàn)代表其他的學(xué)生嗎?Zhang Yining and her fellow teammates, China's WomerPing - pong Team, took park in the xx Olympics Games.A.represent

34、B . represented C . representing D . being represented(2)His only aim is our country at the Olympics in xx.A representedB to be representedC representingD to represent7 .treasure n .財(cái)寶，財(cái)富treasure 作“財(cái)寶”講一般是不可數(shù)名詞；作“珍貴的東西”講一般是可數(shù)名詞。也可用作及物動(dòng)詞，意 為“珍惜”。There is much treasure in this tomb.這個(gè)墓里有許多財(cái)寶。We should

35、 treasure our friendship.我們應(yīng)該珍惜我們的友誼。完成句子We should( 愛(ài)惜)manpower and material resources.漢譯英(2)我珍惜你的友誼。(3)He the watch his mother gave him.A. longs B . treasures C . admires D . appreciates (4)I shall this gift because it was given by the teacher I loved.A. enjoy B . treasure C . admire D . appreciate

36、8 .quit v.停止，辭職He quit his job last month. 他上個(gè)月辭職了。Quit laughing !別笑了 ！quit quit/quitted quit/quittedquittingquit后跟動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。quit/stop 辨析兩者都可以表示“停止”。其區(qū)別在于：stop :指動(dòng)作、運(yùn)行、進(jìn)展等被停下來(lái)，含突然、斷然的意味。quit :指最終徹底停止某事，有時(shí)暗示遭到失敗或面臨挫折。用stop與quit填空(1)The police were called to a fight outside the theatre.(2)In order to

37、keep you healthy , you'd better drinking and smoking.(3)Theywork at 5 pm and then went home.A. quit B . did C . started D . began9 .appearance 夕卜貌，夕卜觀Don't judge people by their appearances.不要以貌取人。appearance n .出現(xiàn)，顯露，露面；外觀 /外貌/外表appear vi. 出現(xiàn)make appearance 登臺(tái)，出現(xiàn)make a good/poor appearance顯得一表人材 /顯得很不雅觀at first appearance乍看起來(lái)in appearance 夕卜貌上，看起來(lái)keep up appearances 裝點(diǎn)面；裝闊氣，維持體面She's made a number