2019版高考英語一輪鞏固達(dá)標(biāo)練Unit3Traveljournal(含解析)新人教版必修1

1、3 Travel journal李仕才*閱讀理解Nowadays more and more people are talk ing about gen etically modified foods ( GMfoods). GMfoods develop from geneticallymodified organisms (有機(jī)體), which have hadspecific cha nges in troduced into their DNA by gen etic engin eeri ng tech niq ues. These tech niq ues are muchmor

2、e precise where anorga nism is exposed to chemicals to createa non specific but stable cha nge. For many people, the hightech product ion raises all kinds of environmental,ethical, health and safety problems. Particularly in countrieswith long farming traditi ons, the idea seems aga inst n ature.In

3、fact, GM foods are already very much a part of our lives. They were first puton the market in 1996. A third of the corn and more than half the cotton grown in theU. S. last year was the product of biotech no logy, accord ing to the Departme nt of Agriculture.More than 65million acres of geneticallym

4、odified crops will be plantedin the US this year.The gen etic genie is out of the bottle._However, like any new product enteringthe food chain, GMfoods must be subjectedto careful test in g. In wealthy coun tries, the debate about biotech is not so fierce by the fact that they have a large number of

5、 foods to choose from, and a supply that goes bey ond the n eeds. In develop ing coun tries desperate to feedfastgrow ing and un derfed populati ons, the matter is simpler and much more urge nt: do the ben efits ofbiotech outweigh the risks?The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbi

6、ng. Last year the worlds population reached 6 billion.The UN states that nearly 800 million people around the world are un healthy. About 400 milli on wome n of childbearing age don t have eno ugh iron, which means their babies are exposed to various birth defeats.As many as 100 millionchildren suff

7、er from vitamin A deficiency, a leading cause of bli ndn ess.How can biotech help? Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants andanimals with better nutritionalvalues. Biotechnologists havedeveloped genetically modified rice andthey are work ing on other kinds of nu triti on ally improved

8、crops.Biotech can also improve farming productivity in places where food shortages are causedby crop damage attributable to drought, poor soil and crop viruses.1. The passage mainly talks about_ .2A. the worlds food problemB. the developme nt in biotechC. the genetically modified foodsD. the way to

9、solve food shortages2. Accord ing to the passage, GM foods_ .A. will replace n aturally grow n foodsB. are far better tha n n aturally grow n foodsC. may help to solve the problem of poor nu triti onD. can cause serious trouble in developing countries3. The underlined sentence“The genetic genie is o

10、ut of the bottle.” in Paragraph2 probablymeans that_ .A. GM foods are available everywhereB. the tech no logy in produc ing GM foods is adva needC. gen etic tech no logy may have uncon trollable powersD. gen etic tech no logy has come out of laboratories into markets4. Whats the writers attitude tow

11、ards GM foods?A. En thusiastic.B. Cautious.C. Disapprov ing.D. Un believable.【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了轉(zhuǎn)基因食品及其對人類生活的影響。1. C【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，特別是第一段中的Nowadays more and more peopleare talki ng about ge netically modified foods ( GM foods).”可知，本文主要介紹的是轉(zhuǎn)基因食品。2. C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Genetic engineering i s widely

12、 used to producepla nts and ani mals with better nu triti on al values.”可知，轉(zhuǎn)基因食品有助于解決營養(yǎng)不良問題。3.D【解析】句意理解題心根將畫纟戔部分前的MOT than 65 million acres of gcmetiGally modified rops willbeplanted in the US this year河?xùn)|d今年美國將種植超過6500多萬英畝的轉(zhuǎn)基因作物 也就杲說轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù) 已經(jīng)從實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)入市場。34.B【解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段中的 However, like any new produc

13、t entering thefood cha in, GM foods must be subjected to careful testi ng.”可知，作者認(rèn)為轉(zhuǎn)基因食品進(jìn)入市場前需要嚴(yán)格的檢測，由此可見作者對轉(zhuǎn)基因食品的態(tài)度是謹(jǐn)慎的。*語法填空Over the years, I have met some interesting people. Two of _1_ most interesting people were two elderlysisters,Joa n and Bern ice, _2_ way of talk ing about peoplein spired me

14、.It was always a _3_ (pleasant)to visit these two sisters.Just being greetedat the door was a joy. They could ntbe _4_ (happy) whe n see ing me. I always heardabout the people who were there before me. Every pers on _5_ (talk) about in a positive way. The con versati onwould go someth ing like this,

15、“ Oh, Kay, so-a nd-sowas here yesterday, she _6_ (be) just the salt of the earth ， isnt she? ” The other sister would reply,“ Oh, yes! You just cant believe _7_ won derfulshe is. ” I never heard they said a negative word about anyone. NEVER!I understood why these two had so much company when other p

16、eople complained that no one cared about _8_ (they). It was their attitude _9_ people. There wasno doubt that whe n the n ext pers on came to visit, he was going to hear how I was“ the salt of the earth”.What a won derful example these two elderly sisters were to me! I will always be _10_ (tha nk) t

17、hat I had theopport unity to know them.1._ 2._ 3._ 4._5 . _6._ 7._ 8._ 9. _ 10._篇章導(dǎo)讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。全文主要介紹了作者所認(rèn)識(shí)的一對很有趣且極具正能量的姐妹的故事。1.the 考查冠詞。由空后的most interesting ”的提示可知，此處為形容詞的最高 級(jí)，應(yīng)用定冠詞修飾。2.whose 考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞。 whose 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，在從句中作定語， 先行詞為 Joa n and Bern ice。3.pleasure考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。結(jié)合語境和冠詞a 的提示可知，此處應(yīng)用名詞形式。4.h

18、appier考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。否定詞與比較級(jí)連用表達(dá)最高級(jí)含義，與上文的 joy 呼應(yīng)。45.was talked考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。由語境可知， Everyperson 和 talk 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系；再由前一句的時(shí)態(tài)可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。6.is 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由附加問句isnt she ? ”可知，此處應(yīng)用is。7.how 考查賓語從句的連接詞。how 引導(dǎo)賓語從句且在從句中修飾形容詞wonderful& them 考查代詞。介詞 about 后應(yīng)跟代詞的賓格形式且表示他們”，故填 them。9.toward(s)/to 考查介詞。attitude toward(s

19、)/to sb.意為對某人的態(tài)度”，符合語義。10. thankful考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。be 動(dòng)詞后一般跟形容詞作表語，故此處用形容詞形式。*完形填空Falling off a boxcar and landing on my head, I lost my sight when I was fouryears old.Now I am thirty-tw o.l can _1_ remember the bright ness of sunshine.ltwould be wonderful to see again , _2_ a tragedy can do strange things t

20、o people.It _3_ to me that I might not have come to love life as I do now if I had ntbeen blind.My parents and my teacher saw something _4_ me , and they made me want to _5 aga inst bli ndn ess.The hardest _6_ I had to learn was to believe in myselff I had nt been able to do that , I would have _7_

21、downfor the rest of mylife.When I say _8_ in myself I am not talk ing about _9the kind of self-c on fide neethat _10_ me dow n anunfamiliar staircase（ 樓梯）alone.But I mean something bigger than that : the assuranee that I am a real positive person _11_ imperfect ions.It took me years to obta in this

22、_12_t had to start with the _13_.Once a _ man gave me an in door _14.“ I cant use this ，” I said. “ Take it with you ，”he _15 me “ and roll it around. ” The _16stuck in my head. “Roll it around !”By rolli ng the ball I could hear where it wen t.This gave me an idea how to achieve a goal I had though

23、t _17_. At theSchool for the Blind I 18 a new kind of baseball called the “ground ball ”. All my life I have set a series of goals andthen tried to reach them, one at a time .I had to lear n my _19_ would fail sometimes any way5but on the average I made _20_.1. A.randomlyB.abruptlyC. roughlyD.comple

24、tely2. A.soB.butC. thusD.and3. A.occurredB.referredC. broughtD.turned4. A.ofBfor6C toD5 A.getBCfindD6 A.methodBC lessonD7 A.brokenBC settledD8 A.courageBCbeliefD9 A.firmlyBC fairlyD10 A.stopsBC findsD11 A.despiteBC without D unlike12 A.description B Caccusation D13 A.intelligence B CtroubleDC gameD

25、design15 A.urgedB blamedC greetedD teased16 A.goalsB wordsC imagesD ideasC impossible D18 A.discovered BC formedD19 A.limitations BC puzzles D20 A.senseBC mistakesD解題導(dǎo)語】 本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。 文章主要講述了“我”在四歲的時(shí)候失去了視力， 但通過一件小事，“我”學(xué)會(huì)了自信，14 A.chairBbaseballinfight dropexperiencemanner put lay ambitionpowersimply sl

26、ightlyhelps gives besidesexistencerecognition incidentdetermination17 A.valuableBreasonableunbearableequippedinvented advantagespersonalitiesprogressdecisions7并逐漸取得進(jìn)步的過程。【核心詞匯】 tragedy 悲劇 imperfection 缺點(diǎn)on the average 一般來說 roughly 粗略地1C 考查副詞。“我”四歲時(shí)失去視力，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)三十二歲了。由此可推知，此處表 示“我”粗略地記得，故選C。 roughly “粗略地

27、，大致上”。2 B 考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選B。3A 考查動(dòng)詞。 “我”想到如果“我”沒有失明“我”可能不會(huì)像現(xiàn)在這樣熱愛生活。It occurs to sb.that.為固定句型，意為某人想到 ”。4D 考查介詞。 “我”父母以及老師看到了“我”內(nèi)在的一些東西， 他們讓“我”想 要與失明作斗爭。根據(jù)語境可知，此處應(yīng)選D。5.B 考查動(dòng)詞。參見上題解析。fight against.與.作斗爭”。6 C 考查名詞?！拔摇睂W(xué)到的最困難的一課 (lesson) 就是要相信“我”自己。7.A 考查動(dòng)詞。如果“我”做不到那樣的話，“我”可能已經(jīng)精神崩潰了。breakdown “

28、(在健康或精神等方面 ) 垮掉”。8.C 考查名詞。根據(jù)上文中的“ to believe in myself ”可知，此處應(yīng)選 C 項(xiàng)與上文 相照應(yīng)。9.B 考查副詞?！拔摇闭f的信心并不僅僅 (simply) 指幫助 (helps) “我”走下陌生樓 梯的自信。10.B 考查動(dòng)詞。參見上題解析。11.A 考查介詞。 盡管“我”是一個(gè)不完美的人， 但是“我”是一個(gè)積極的人。despite “盡管”，符合語境。12.D 考查名詞。 “我”花了很多年才認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)。A項(xiàng)意為“描述”； B項(xiàng)意為“存 在”；C 項(xiàng)意為“控告”；D 項(xiàng)意為“認(rèn)識(shí)”。13.B 考查名詞。這從一件小事開始。A 項(xiàng)意為“智慧”

29、；B 項(xiàng)意為“小事”；C 項(xiàng)意 為“麻煩”；D 項(xiàng)意為“決心”。14.B 考查名詞。根據(jù)下文中的“ a new kind of baseball ”可知，此處指棒球。15.A 考查動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指他一直在敦促“我”。 urge “強(qiáng)烈要求，敦 促”。16.B 考查名詞。他所說的話 (words) 印在“我”的腦海中，故選 B。17.C 考查形容詞。這給了“我”一個(gè)如何實(shí)現(xiàn)”我”認(rèn)為不可能 (impossible) 的目 標(biāo)的想法。A 項(xiàng)意為“有價(jià)值的”；B 項(xiàng)意為“合情理的”；C 項(xiàng)意為“不可能的”；D 項(xiàng)意 為“無法容忍的”。18. D 考查動(dòng)詞。在盲人學(xué)?！拔摇卑l(fā)明 (inven

30、ted) 了一種新的被稱之為“地滾球” 的棒球。A項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；B 項(xiàng)意為“配備”；C 項(xiàng)意為“形成”；D 項(xiàng)意為“發(fā)明”。819.A 考查名詞。我”不得不了解自己的不足之處。limitation“（某人或某物的）局 限性，不足之處”。20.B 考查名詞。我”有時(shí)會(huì)失敗，但一般說來我”取得了進(jìn)步。 make progress 取 得進(jìn)展”。*短文改錯(cuò)Li Ming is a friend of mine, rm glad he changed greatly in the past two years.I clearly remember he was quite fat twoyears

31、before. He got tired so easy that he could nt take exercise, that madehim very upset. Later, he realized uni ess he went on like that, he would end up achieve nothing. So hemade up his minds to make a cha nge. He went running every morning and played the basketball everyafternoon. Besides, he followed a diet of more vegetables or less meat. Gradually he bega n to loseweight. He is now an energetic boy in good health. So when faced with problems, we should overcomeitwith great determ in ati on and