高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)書(shū)面表達(dá)復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題22自然災(zāi)害話題指導(dǎo)

1、2013屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)書(shū)面表達(dá)復(fù)習(xí)專(zhuān)題22 自然災(zāi)害話題指導(dǎo) 實(shí)例指導(dǎo)1災(zāi)害_Class Committee【思路指導(dǎo)】 這篇文章是描寫(xiě)自然災(zāi)害的文章，它應(yīng)該屬于說(shuō)明文的范疇，描述這類(lèi)自然災(zāi)害首先要說(shuō)明災(zāi)害的基本情況，然后根據(jù)需要選擇角度，簡(jiǎn)明扼要而又突出重點(diǎn)地介紹，力求真實(shí)準(zhǔn)確，恰如其分。寫(xiě)好自然災(zāi)害的文章的關(guān)鍵是實(shí)施求是，簡(jiǎn)單明了。 寫(xiě)作時(shí)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.災(zāi)害發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間等。災(zāi)害的具體影響以及有無(wú)規(guī)律。2.采取救災(zāi)的措施和結(jié)果。災(zāi)害是否可以有規(guī)律和預(yù)防，有何經(jīng)驗(yàn)或建議等。3.時(shí)態(tài)多用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，有時(shí)為了說(shuō)明規(guī)律和進(jìn)行總結(jié)可以考慮用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。4.要采用客觀的描述，避免主觀的描

2、述內(nèi)容過(guò)多。5.格式通常采用三部分：第一部分為事件發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)時(shí)間。第二部分具體災(zāi)害的內(nèi)容、影響和補(bǔ)救措施。第三部分為總結(jié)規(guī)律，提出防范的建議、幫助災(zāi)區(qū)的倡議、自己的想法和感受等。 【參考詞匯和句型】詞匯短語(yǔ)：hit , strike , deaths , injuries ,up to, kill , in the following , last , keep away from , do harm to , cut off , with the help of , in trouble , overcome difficulty ,as soon as possible,be eager

3、to, try ones best, join in 句型：There was / is in , A terrible hit , The disaster caused great damage to , When you , you should , you better as we all Committee實(shí)例指導(dǎo)2捐款感謝【寫(xiě)作任務(wù)】假如你是李華，是發(fā)生8.0級(jí)地震的汶川縣的一名中學(xué)生，下面是你災(zāi)后的經(jīng)歷：1、目睹了人們奮不顧身救人，及時(shí)地運(yùn)送食品及衣物。2、在眾多陌生人的幫助下，找回了自己失散的父母，也已經(jīng)重返了校園, 正在重建家園。3、現(xiàn)在我們更加珍惜這難得的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)，也更懂得

4、尊重和體諒他人，學(xué)會(huì)了互相關(guān)心和幫助4、要努力學(xué)習(xí)，用實(shí)際行動(dòng)回報(bào)給更多的人請(qǐng)你就以上內(nèi)容向報(bào)社寫(xiě)一封信，反映災(zāi)后的情況，并對(duì)來(lái)自各方面的幫助表示感謝。注意：1、字?jǐn)?shù)：120-150 2、書(shū)信的格式已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 Dear editor,Im a senior student that has experienced a great earthquake. I wrote to you to express my thanks to those who helped us when we suffered the disaster._ _Best wishes,要點(diǎn)序號(hào)關(guān)鍵單詞和短語(yǔ)W

5、itness, devote their efforts to, save lives, providing food and clothes, regardless of, safetyCouldnt find, my parents, in such a short timeOnly, few days, pass, before, return to classrooms, have classes.New houses, reconstruct, not long before, move into Treasure, the opportunity, study, in the cl

6、assroomThe help from others, how to, respect others, take others into considerationIt was that, make, realize, the importance of, care for, each other, facing disasterThink, what we should do, study harder, in return.第四步 恰當(dāng)使用句型，連詞成句。 I witnessed many strangers devoted their efforts to saving lives,

7、providing food and clothes regardless of their own safety.I couldnt find my parents in such a short time.Only few days passed before the students returned to classrooms to have classes.New houses are also being reconstructed and it is not long before we moved into our new houses.we all treasure the

8、opportunity of studying in the classroomThe help from others taught us how to respect others and take others into consideration.It was also the help from strangers that made us realize the importance of helping and caring for each other facing disaster.Now, I think what we should do is to study hard

9、er and help more people in return.Yours, Li Hua【教師點(diǎn)評(píng)】作者注重句式的變化（斜體），與before有關(guān)的句型；強(qiáng)調(diào)句型；主語(yǔ)從句等各領(lǐng)風(fēng)騷，體現(xiàn)了寫(xiě)信者的文采。短語(yǔ)（下劃線）使用到位，為表達(dá)文意發(fā)揮了重要作用；所增連接詞（黑體）使句子間有了自然地過(guò)渡。總之，這封信表達(dá)了列出的要點(diǎn)，且不落俗套，處處【句型拓展】寫(xiě)感謝信及災(zāi)后重建方面的作文還可以用到以下句型：1、Thank you very much for.  2、Many thanks for your&

10、#160;.3、Please accept my sincere appreciation for .4、I am truly grateful to you for .5、It was good (thoughtful) of you to do .6、You were so kind to send .7、Thank you 

11、;again for your wonderful hospitality and I am looking forward to seeing you soon.8、I find an ordinary "thank-you" entirely inadequate to tell you how much.9、I since

12、rely appreciate. .10、I wish to express my profound appreciation for .實(shí)例指導(dǎo)3 捐款通知【寫(xiě)作任務(wù)】假如你是李華，最近，在我國(guó)西南部的四川省汶川縣發(fā)生了里氏8.0級(jí)的地震，多人遇難。因此你們學(xué)校決定于周日邀請(qǐng)地震方面的專(zhuān)家給全體學(xué)生做有關(guān)地震安全自救知識(shí)的講座，請(qǐng)你代表學(xué)生會(huì)出一個(gè)通知。通知包括以下內(nèi)容：1、講座目的：提高學(xué)生在地震時(shí)的安全自救意識(shí)和能力。2、講座時(shí)間：5月18日（周日）下午2點(diǎn)。3、地點(diǎn)：學(xué)校大禮堂4、講座時(shí)

13、間：1小時(shí)30分鐘左右5、要求：全校所有學(xué)生務(wù)必參加，自帶紙筆。注意：1、字?jǐn)?shù)：120-150 2、通知的格式已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。 3、生詞：里氏震級(jí) Richter scale NOTICE_Remember to come on time. Students Union【寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)】第一步 仔細(xì)審題，確立主題，明確要求根據(jù)文字提示可以確定：寫(xiě)作主要人稱(chēng)為第一人稱(chēng)，字?jǐn)?shù)120-150，體裁為通知，時(shí)態(tài)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。第二步 圍繞主題，提煉要點(diǎn)，編擬提綱通知通常寫(xiě)一段，但可以分層次。第一層：講座舉行的原因（ 最近，我國(guó)在我國(guó)西南部的四川省汶川縣發(fā)生了里氏8.0級(jí)的地震，多人遇難），分析該事件

14、：如果人們事先意識(shí)到潛在的危險(xiǎn)早做計(jì)劃，很多人的生命會(huì)獲救。 推出結(jié)果，（所以學(xué)校決定邀請(qǐng)地震專(zhuān)家來(lái)做講座）。第二層：講座具體情況（內(nèi)容涉及在地震前，地震時(shí)或地震后的安全自救工作；開(kāi)始時(shí)間是5月18號(hào)下午2點(diǎn)，持續(xù)約1個(gè)半小時(shí)；地點(diǎn)是大禮堂）。第三層：要求（所有學(xué)生必須參加； 自帶紙筆，以記錄重要信息。），作者看法（聽(tīng)講座的人都會(huì)受益匪淺）。第三步 分析要點(diǎn)及提綱，提煉關(guān)鍵單詞和短語(yǔ)。第四步 恰當(dāng)使用句型，連詞成句。 Recently， an earthquake measuring 8.0 on the Richter scale jolted Wenchuan County, S

15、ichuan Province in southwest China, resulting in many deaths.We cannot prevent an earthquake from happening, but if we identified potential risks ahead of time and made advance planning,many lives would be saved. So this is the reason why our school has decided to invite experts to give a lecture.It

16、 will involve how to protect yourself and guarantee your safety before, during or after an earthquake.It starts at 2 pm, May 18 in the great hall and lasts about one and a half hour.All the students are required to take part in the lecture on time.Paper and a pen are also needed in case you write do

17、wn some important points.I hope everyone present will benefit a lot from it.【參考范文】 NOTICERecently， an earthquake measuring 8.0 on the Richter scale jolted Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province in southwest China,resulting in many deaths.Unfortunately, we cannot prevent an earthquake from happening,

18、 but if we identified potential risks ahead of time and made advance planning,many lives would be saved. So this is the reason why our school has decided to invite experts togive a lecture. It will involve how to protect yourself and guarantee your safety before, during or after an earthquake. It st

19、arts at 2 pm, May 18 in the great hall and lasts about one and a half hour. All the students are required totake part in the lecture on time. Besides, paper and a pen are also needed in case you write down some important points. I hope everyone present will benefit a lot from it. Remember to come on

20、 time. Students Union【范文點(diǎn)評(píng)】通知屬實(shí)用文體，它的目的是把信息準(zhǔn)確明白的傳達(dá)給別人。作者選詞、句都考慮到了這一點(diǎn)。作者沒(méi)有使用復(fù)雜的長(zhǎng)句子，而是選用了人們熟悉的簡(jiǎn)單的句型（斜體），還使用了大量的短語(yǔ)（下劃線），這些都有助于讀者快速瀏覽到需要的信息?？梢哉f(shuō)該文達(dá)到了這個(gè)目的。【句型拓展】寫(xiě)“通知”類(lèi)及地震方面的作文還可以用到以下句型：實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練A Forest FireA terrible fire broke out in DashanTimberLand at midnight yesterday. On hearing the news, the firefighte

21、rs hurried there at once. Although the fire was very big and the smoke was heavy, they bravely fought against it. The fire lasted for five hours before the firefighters were able to bring it under control. To everyones sorrow, almost one third of the forest was destroyed in the fire. Worse still, on

22、e person was killed and two firefighters were badly injured. According to research, the fire was started by a live cigarette end thrown carelessly by a passer-by. The accident has taught us a lesson that measures should be taken to prevent forest fires. For example, notice boards should be made to w

23、arn passers-by of the dangers of throwing out cigarette ends. All in all, the public should be taught the importance of preventing fire.請(qǐng)根據(jù)所給內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于汶川地震的短文。標(biāo)題已經(jīng)給出。Earthquake strikes Wenchuan!寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容1時(shí)間：2008年5月12日14時(shí)28分2震級(jí)：里氏8.0級(jí)measuring 8.0 degrees on the Richter scale3死傷人數(shù):近7萬(wàn)人死亡, 34萬(wàn)多人受傷 破壞程度：90建筑物倒

24、塌4現(xiàn)在情況：災(zāi)難并不能摧跨汶川人民的精神。汶川人民在人民解放軍的幫助下展開(kāi)自救,相信汶川一定會(huì)重建好,成為現(xiàn)代化的美麗城市。5提醒人們不要忘記災(zāi)難和在危難時(shí)給災(zāi)區(qū)人民提供幫助,一方有難,八方支援是我們中華民族的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)。寫(xiě)作要求只能用五個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部?jī)?nèi)容；內(nèi)容連貫，結(jié)構(gòu)完整Many people prefer to travel by air. This is because air travel has some advantages. In the first place, airplane, the miracle created by man, is the fastest mean

25、s of transport. Secondly, traveling by air is convenient and comfortable. Friendly air hostesses are affectionate and considerate. They look after passengers all the way to their destinations. Moreover, on long distance flights there are films and music for people to entertain 如果你去旅游你會(huì)采用何種交通方式？為什么？你

26、可以用實(shí)例或其它方法支持你的論點(diǎn)，也可以參照閱讀材料的內(nèi)容，但不要抄襲閱讀材料。An earthquake measuring 8.0 degrees on the Richter scale hit/struck Wenchuan at 2:28 on the afternoon of May 12th,2008,which killed more than 79,000 people and caused over 340,000 injured at the same time and over 90% of the buildings were destroyed. However,

27、the brave Wenchuanese will not be beaten down by the disaster. Now they are saving themselves with the help of the PLA. We strongly believe the city is to be built to be a modern beautiful city again.A year has passed, but never should we forget the damage the earthquake caused to them and those who

28、 are still in terrible trouble, so we should try our best to help them out, for it is our fine tradition of our Chinese people.2011年3月11日， 日本發(fā)生強(qiáng)烈地震，引發(fā)波海嘯。海嘯奪去了一萬(wàn)多人的生命，另有上百萬(wàn)人流離失所，亟待救援。世界各國(guó)紛紛捐款救災(zāi)，我國(guó)政府和人民也向受災(zāi)國(guó)家和人民伸出救助之手。假設(shè)你是班長(zhǎng)，在全班提出倡議，向?yàn)?zāi)區(qū)人民捐款。用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇口頭倡議，包括以下內(nèi)容:1.受災(zāi)情況簡(jiǎn)介;2.盡微薄之力，奉獻(xiàn)愛(ài)心;3.捐款地點(diǎn)（學(xué)校門(mén)口捐款箱）。注意：1

29、.詞數(shù)：100左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.參考詞匯：海嘯tsunami捐款donate v.donation n.倡議propose posal n.參考答案Everybody,may I have your attention,please?Here Id like to make a proposal to you.As you know,at the end of 2004 a strong earthquake happened in the Indian Ocean,causing a terrible tsunami.The tsunami badly h

30、it several countries in the Southeast 近來(lái)，你校開(kāi)展“獻(xiàn)愛(ài)心，送溫暖”活動(dòng)，號(hào)召?gòu)V大學(xué)生向貧困或受災(zāi)地區(qū)捐款捐物。請(qǐng)你參考下列表格要點(diǎn)提示，以“捐款還是捐物”為題寫(xiě)一篇100-120字的英語(yǔ)短文?？蛇m當(dāng)增加內(nèi)容。短文開(kāi)頭已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：生活必需品 daily necessities關(guān)于捐款關(guān)于捐物贊成1捐款可以直接幫助人們購(gòu)買(mǎi)生活必需用品或用于重建家園等。1捐物可以舊物利用。反對(duì)2中學(xué)生無(wú)生活來(lái)源，無(wú)錢(qián)捐獻(xiàn)。2捐物可能造成浪費(fèi)，因?yàn)橛行┤说玫降木栉锊⒎亲约核枰奈锲?。We often give money to the people in

31、 poor or disaster-stricken areasBut some students_作文評(píng)分原則1.本題總分為30分，按5個(gè)檔次給分。2.評(píng)分時(shí)，先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)言初步確定其所屬檔次，然后以該檔次的要求來(lái)衡量，確定或調(diào)整檔次，最后給分。3.詞數(shù)少于80或多于120的，從總分中減去2分。4.評(píng)分時(shí)應(yīng)注意的主要內(nèi)容為：內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)、應(yīng)用詞匯和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)量和準(zhǔn)確性以及上下文的連貫性。5.拼寫(xiě)與標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)是語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確性的一個(gè)方面。評(píng)分時(shí)，應(yīng)視其對(duì)交際的影響速度予以考慮。英美拼寫(xiě)以及詞匯用法均可以接受。6.如書(shū)寫(xiě)較差以及影響交際，將其分?jǐn)?shù)降低一個(gè)檔次。One possible versio

32、n:We often give money to the people in poor or disaster-stricken areasBut some students dont think it a good way to do so.In their opinion, money can be used to buy daily necessities and can help people rebuild their hometowns, while sometimes the things people there receive are not what they need a

33、ctually.But some other students think that giving used clothing to the people in those areas is betterMany people, especially in rich areas and in cities, have much clothing they no longer like or needBy giving it away One possible version:We often give money to the people in poor or disaster-strick

34、en areas. Some students don't think it a good way to help people there .However ,some prefer helping the unfortunate with money.In their opinion, money can be used to buy daily necessities and can help people rebuild their hometowns ,while sometimes the things people there receive are not what t

35、hey need actually.But some other students think that giving used clothing to the people in those areas is better .Many people ,especially in rich areas and in cities ,have much clothing they no longer like or need. By giving it away to the needy people we can make the best use of it . Besides ,we ar

36、e just students ,and we have no incomes of our own.Anyhow ,no matter which way is considered better ,we should try our best to help those who need help.閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫(xiě)一篇150詞左右的英語(yǔ)短文。I was on my way to the Taiyetos MountainsThe sun was setting when my car broke down near a remote and poor villageCursing my misfortune, I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me w