多相流體模型應(yīng)用的范圍

1、多相流體模型應(yīng)用的范圍版權(quán)：Bharath Rao1998年5月18日目錄Duns和活性氧相關(guān)Hagedorn和棕色的相關(guān)Orkiszewski 相關(guān)Beggs和布里爾相關(guān)般建議參考資料摘要Four multiphase flow models or correlati ons (Duns & Ros, Hagedor n &Brow n, Orkiszewski, and Beggs & Brill) are currently available in Hydrafor predicting the pressure profile in a well. The range of appl

2、icability of the multiphase flow models is dependent on several factors such as, tubing size or diameter, oil gravity, gas-liquid ratio, and, two-phase flow with or without water-cut. The effect of each of these factors on estimating the pressure profile in a well is discussed separately for all the

3、 multiphase models con sidered. A reas on ably good performa nee of the multiphase flow models, withi n the con text of this docume nt, is con sidered to have a relative error (betwee n the measured and predicted values of the pressure profile) less tha n or equal to 20%. 四多相流體模型或相關(guān)性(Duns和活性氧,Hagedo

4、rn&Brown,Orkiszewski,Beggs和布里爾)目前供應(yīng)Hydrafor預(yù)測(cè)其壓力剖面在一口井里。標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的適用范圍的多相流體模型是取決于幾 個(gè)因素，如、油管大小或直徑、石油地心引力，氣液比，兩相流有或沒(méi)有water-cut。效果每個(gè)這些因素的估算壓力剖面問(wèn)題分別井為所 有的多相模型考慮。一個(gè)合理可靠的性能模型，研究多相流動(dòng)的上下文以內(nèi)這個(gè)文件 ,可以被認(rèn)為是兩個(gè)人之間的相對(duì)誤差測(cè)量與預(yù)測(cè)值進(jìn)行壓力剖面 )小于或等于 20% 。Duns & Ros Corre-lationThe Duns & Ros correlation is developed for vertical flo

5、w of gas and liquid mixtures in wells.This correlation is valid for a wide range of oil and gas mixtures and flow regimes. Although the correlation is intended for use with .dry. oil/gas mixtures, it can also be applicable to wet mixtures with a suitable correction. For water contents less than 10%,

6、 the Duns-Ros correlation (with a correction factor) has been reported to work well in the bubble, slug (plug), and froth regions. The pressure profile prediction performance of the Duns & Ros method is outlined below in relation to the several flow variables considered:Duns 和活性氧的相關(guān) ,設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)了垂直流動(dòng)混合物氣體或

7、液體在 威爾斯。 這種關(guān)系是有效的廣泛的油氣混合物和流量變化。雖然相關(guān)是專為使用與 .dry. 油氣混合物 ,它也可以適用于濕混合物和適合 的修正。為水份含量低于 10%,Duns-Ros 相關(guān) (修正系數(shù) )被報(bào)道來(lái) 合作得很好 ,這一泡沫的時(shí)候 ,塞 (塞),泡沫地區(qū)。壓力剖面的預(yù)測(cè)性 能的方法 Duns 和活性氧簡(jiǎn)述以下與幾個(gè)流量不同考慮 :Tubing Size. In general, the pressure drop is seen to be over predicted for a range of tubing diameters between 1 and 3 inche

8、s.管材的尺寸。 一般來(lái)說(shuō) ,其壓力損失預(yù)測(cè)可以看到在為一系列油 管直徑 1 到 3 英寸。Oil Gravity. Good predictions of the pressure profile are obtained for a broad range of oil gravities (13-56 API).著重 API) 。 石油重力。良好的預(yù)測(cè)的壓力剖面上獲得了廣泛的油 (13-56API) 。Gas-Liquid Ratio (GLR). The pressure drop is over predicted for a wide range of GLR. The error

9、s become especially large ( 20%) for GLR greater than 5000.氣液比 (GLR) 。壓降超過(guò)預(yù)期的范圍廣泛的 GLR 。錯(cuò)誤尤其當(dāng) 大 ( 20%) 比 GLR 5000 。Water-Cut. The Duns-Ros model is not applicable for multiphase flow mixtures of oil, water, and gas. However, the correlation can be used with a suitable correction factor as mentioned

10、above.Water-Cut 。 Duns-Ros 模型的 ,不適用的混合物多相流動(dòng)油、 水、和天然氣。然而 ,相關(guān)可以用一個(gè)合適的修正系數(shù)如上所述。Hagedorn & Brown CorrelationThis correlation was developed using data obtained from a 1500-ft vertical well. Tubing diameters ranging from 1-2 in. were considered in the experimental analysis along with 5 different fluid typ

11、es, namely: water and four types of oil with viscosities ranging between 10 and 110 cp ( 80F) The correlation developed is independent of flow patterns and its performance is briefly outlined below.這種相關(guān)性 , 研制出一 1500-ft 垂直所獲得的資料。管直徑從 1 -F)80 2歸被認(rèn)為是在實(shí)驗(yàn)分析以及 5 個(gè)不同的流體類型 ,即:水和四 種類型的油與 viscosities 范圍在 10 到

12、 110(cp 相關(guān)開(kāi)發(fā)的是獨(dú) 立于流動(dòng)特性與簡(jiǎn)要概述了其性能下面。Tubing Size. The pressure losses are accurately predicted for tubing sizes between 1 and 1.5 in., the range in which the experimental investigation was conducted. A further increase in tubing size causes the pressure drop to be over predicted. 管材的尺寸。 壓力損失是準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測(cè)油管 1

13、到 1.5 歸大小的范圍 ,進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究。進(jìn)一步增加壓降油管大小原因 ,預(yù)測(cè)。Oil Gravity. The Hagedorn-Brown method is seen to over predict the pressure loss for heavier oils (13-25 API) and under predict the pressure profile for lighter oils (40-56 API)石油重力。 Hagedorn-Brown 看見(jiàn)的方法在游泳的壓力損失預(yù)測(cè)油13-25 API 下壓力分布預(yù)測(cè)輕油 (40-56 API)Gas-Liquid Ratio

14、 (GLR). The pressure drop is over predicted for GLR greater tha n 5000.氣液比(GLR)。壓降超過(guò)預(yù)期的GLR大于5000。Water-Cut. The accuracy of the pressure profile predicti ons is gen erally good for a wide range of water-cuts.Water-Cut。壓力剖面的準(zhǔn)確性預(yù)測(cè)是普遍好的適用于廣泛的water-cuts。Orkiszewski CorrelationThis correlation is limited

15、 to two-phase pressure drops in a vertical pipe and is an extension of Griffith & Wallis work. The correlation is valid for different flow regimes such as the bubble, slug, tran siti on, and annu lar mist and is a composite of several methods as show n below:這種相關(guān)性僅限于兩相壓力下降在垂直管道和是擴(kuò)展格里菲思和沃利斯的工作。相關(guān)的有效期

16、為不同的流量變化如泡、塞、過(guò)渡和環(huán)形霧和綜合的幾點(diǎn)如下MethodFlow RegimeGriffithBubbleGriffith & WallisSlug (de nsity term)OrkiszewskiSlug (friction term)Duns & RosTran siti onDuns & RosAnnular MistIt should be no ted that the liquid distributi on coefficie nt (hold-up) is evaluated using the data from the Hagedor n & Brow n m

17、odel. The performa nee of Orkiszewski correlation is briefly outlined below for the flow variables considered.應(yīng)該指出的是，該液體分布系數(shù) 評(píng)估應(yīng)用數(shù)據(jù)從 Hagedorn和棕色的模型。Orkiszewski相關(guān)的性能簡(jiǎn)要概述了下面的流量不同考慮。Tubing Size. The correlatio n performs well betwee n 1 and 2 in. tub ing sizes. The pressure loss is over predicted for t

18、ub ing sizes greater tha n 2 in ches.管材的尺寸。 相關(guān)表現(xiàn)良好 1 到 2 歸油管大小。 壓力損失超過(guò)預(yù)測(cè)大小油管大于 2 英寸。Oil Gravity. At low oil gravities (13-30 API), the correlation over predicts the pressure profile. However, predictions are seen to improve as oilAPI increases. 石油重力。 在低油耗 (13-30API 著重 )、相關(guān)在預(yù)測(cè)壓力的側(cè)面。然Gas-Liquid Ratio

19、(GLR). The accuracy of Orkiszewski method is very good for GLR up to 5000. The errors become large ( 20%) for GLR above 5000.氣液比(GLR)。Orkiszewski精度的方法具有較好的GLR達(dá)到5000 。變大的錯(cuò)誤 ( 20%) 為 GLR 以上 5000。Water-Cut. The correlation predicts the pressure drop with good accuracy for a wide range of water-cuts.Wat

20、er-Cut 。相關(guān)預(yù)測(cè)壓降和精度好廣泛的 water-cuts 。Beggs & Brill Cor-relationThe Beggs & Brill correlation is developed for tubing strings in inclined wells and pipelines for hilly terrain. This correlation resulted from experiments using air and water as test fluids over a wide range of parameters. The performance

21、of the correlation is given below.Beggs 和布里爾相關(guān)的開(kāi)發(fā)中弦樂(lè)油管斜井和管道送丘陵地形。 這 種關(guān)系是使用空氣和水從實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試流體在大范圍的參數(shù)。 相關(guān)的性 能下面給出。Tubing Size. For the range in which the experimental investigation wasconducted (i.e., tubing sizes between 1 and 1.5 in.), the pressure losses are accurately estimated. Any further increase in t

22、ubing size tends to result in an over prediction in the pressure loss.管材的尺寸。的范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究管道尺寸 （例如,1到1.5 英寸）, 壓力損失是正確的估計(jì)。 任何進(jìn)一步增長(zhǎng)管道尺寸容易導(dǎo)致超重的 壓力損失預(yù)測(cè)。Oil Gravity. A reasonably good performance is obtained over a broad spectrum of oil gravities.石油重力。一個(gè)合理可靠的性能得到了廣泛的石油著重論述。Gas-Liquid Ratio (GLR). In general,

23、 an over predicted pressure drop is obtained with increasing GLR. The errors become especially large for GLR above 5000.氣液比 (GLR) 。一般來(lái)說(shuō) ,而獲得的壓降預(yù)測(cè) GLR 增加。尤其當(dāng)大 的錯(cuò)誤 GLR 以上 5000 。Water-Cut. The accuracy of the pressure profile predictions is generally good up to about 10% water-cut.Water-Cut 。壓力剖面的準(zhǔn)確性預(yù)測(cè)

24、是一般好 water-cut 10% 。General Recom-mendations一般 Recom-mendationsIn general, the Orkiszewski and Hagedorn & Brown model are found to perform satisfactorily for vertical wells with or without water-cut, and should therefore be considered equally as the first choice in such wells. As mentioned earlier,

25、the Duns & Ros correlation is not applicable for wells with water-cut and should be avoided for such cases. The Beggs & Brill method is applicable for inclined wells with or without water-cut and is currently the best choice available for deviated wells. However, the method can also be utilized for

26、vertical wells as the last choice. Finally, it should be noted that the performance of the multiphase flow models may not alwaysbe affected entirely by the particular flow variable against which the performance trend is indicated. In most cases, the performance of these models may be dependent on a

27、combination of several of these flow variables considered. Therefore, keeping these limitations in mind, the above discussion could be used as a guide to eliminate or select a particular correlation in the absence of other relevant information. 一般而言 ,Orkiszewski 和 Hagedorn 和棕色的模型進(jìn)行了令人滿意 地對(duì)豎井或有或無(wú) wat

28、er-cut, 同樣的 ,因此它們應(yīng)該被考慮作為第 一選擇在這樣的井里。 如前面提到的 ,Duns 和活性氧相關(guān)不適用于 井 ,在 water-cut, 應(yīng)當(dāng)避免為這樣的情況。 Beggs 和布里爾方法的適 用于斜威爾斯有或沒(méi)有 water-cut 的最佳選擇 , 是目前可供與威爾 斯。然而 ,方法也可用于豎井的最后選擇。最后 , 它應(yīng)該注意的是 , 研究多相流動(dòng)模型性能的影響不可能永遠(yuǎn)完全是由對(duì)特定流量變 量性能趨勢(shì)顯示。在大多數(shù)情況下的表現(xiàn)后,這些模型可以依賴一個(gè)相結(jié)合的幾個(gè)這些流量不同考慮。因此,保持這些限制于心 ,上述討論可作為指導(dǎo)消除或者選擇特定相關(guān)在沒(méi)有其他相關(guān)信息。Referen

29、ces1. Beggs, H. D. and Brill, J. P.: .A Study of Two-Phase Flow in Inclined Pipes,. J. Pet. Tech.(May 1973) 607-617.2. Duns, H., Jr. and Ros, N. C. J.: .Vertical Flow of Gas and Liquid Mixtures in Wells,. Proc. Sixth World Pet. Congress,Frankfurt (Jun. 19-26, 1963) Section II, Paper 22-PD6.3. Espanol, J. H., Holmes, C. S., and Brown, K. E.: .A Comparison of Existing Multiphase Flow Methods for the Calculation of Pressure Drop in Vertical Wells,. SPE 2553 presented at the 44th Annual Fall Meet