閱讀理解訓練 學生版

1、閱讀理解訓練1We may all have had the embarrassing moment：Getting halfway through a story only to realize that we've told this exact tale before，to the person we're boring with it now. Why do we make such memory mistakes?According to a research published in Psychological Science，it may have to do w

2、ith the way our brains process different types of memory.Researchers Nigel Gopie，of the Rotman Research Institute in Toronto，and Colin Macleod，of the University of Waterloo，divided memory into two kinds. The first was source memory，or the ability to keep track of where information is coming from. Th

3、e second was destination memory，or the ability to recall who we have given information to.They found that source memory functions better than destination memory，in part because of the direction in which that information is travelling.To study the differences between source and destination memory，the

4、 researchers did an experiment on 60 university students，according to a New York Times report. The students were asked to associate 50 random(隨意的) facts with the faces of 50 famous people. Half of the students “told” each fact to one of the faces，reading it aloud when the celebrity's picture app

5、eared on a computer screen. The other half read each fact silently and saw a different celebrity picture afterward.When later asked to recall which facts went with which faces，the students who were giving information out (destination memory) scored about 16 percent lower on memory performance compar

6、ed with the students receiving information(source memory)The researchers concluded that outgoing information was less associated with its environmental context(背景)that is，the personthan was incoming information.This makes sense given what is known about attention. A person who is giving information，

7、even little facts，will devote some mental resources to thinking about what is being said. Because our attention is finite(有限的)，we give less attention to the person we are giving information to.After a second experiment with another group of 40 students，the researchers concluded that selffocus is ano

8、ther factor that undermines destination memory.They asked half the students to continue giving out random information，while the other told things about themselves. This time around，those who were talking about themselves did 15 percent worse than those giving random information.“When you start telli

9、ng these personal facts compared with nonself facts，suddenly destination memory goes down more，suggesting that it is the selffocus component(成分) that's reducing the memory，”Gopie told Live Science.1The point of this article is to _.Agive advice on how to improve memoryBsay what causes the memory

10、 to worsenCexplain why we repeat stories to the same personDintroduce different kinds of memories2Those who read each fact silently and saw a different celebrity picture afterward _.Acan memorize more informationBhave worse memoryCare more likely to repeat storiesDpaid more attention to themselves3T

11、he person who is giving information _.Amay receive little factsBfocuses more on what he is sayingChas finite attentionDpays much attention to his own behavior4The underlined word “undermines” probably means _.Aweakens BbenefitsCexplains Dsupports5What did the scientists conclude from the second expe

12、riment?ADestination memory is weaker than source memory.BFocusing attention on oneself leads to relatively poor source memory performance.CAssociating personal experience with information helps people memorize better.DSelffocus is responsible for giving information twice or more to the same person.2

13、For the rest of the week, Joe practiced kicking football hard, concentrating on his each kicking. Sometimes Joe hit the ball straight. Sometimes it went wide again. But it seemed that the more he believed he could do it, the easier it was.“Im not a joke now,” thought Joe. “Not a joke at all!” But a

14、practice wasnt like a real match and his boots were still not giving him enough power.He should have told his mum and dad about it straight away but, of course, he didnt. He was always shy to ask for things.Finally, late on the night before the match, he could hold himself back no longer.“Dad, I hav

15、ent got any proper football boots ” he said.“Ah,” said Dad, “I might be able to help you there.”At the words, Joe was excited. New boots! He thought. “Hes got me some new boots! He must have got me them for Christmas,” thought Joe, “But now that Im in an important match, hes giving them to me early.

16、 Wonderful!”Dad went upstairs. Joe excitedly tried to watch the football preview on TV. He wasnt playing for Manchester United or Liverpool, of course, but he was part of it all now; part of the thrill. His legs twitched with every kick on the screen. His head shook with every centre. And all the ti

17、me, his mind was racing ahead to his own great game the next morning, in his super new boots.It was ages before his dad came downstairs again. He put a large pair of shiny black boots in front of Joe.As he stared at them, the boy felt as if someone had poured ice into his brain. The boots were awful

18、!“Good, eh?” said his dad.Joe found it hard to speak. He had never seen anything like them before.They werent low-cut, soft or. They had big, hard square toes, great big long studs and they were high at the ankle. They were his dads old rugby boots, polished up.Joe was filled with disappointment. Th

19、ey had been good boots, quality boots. And they were his size. Joes feet were enormous for his age. But he could imagine what everyone at school would say.“ ,” he finally gasped, “ should be exactly my size.”“At least I wont slip,” he thought, “the studs are like sharks teeth!” Then he couldnt help

20、thinking about those in Ashtons windows, which he had been longing to get.That night, he went to bed early but he didnt sleep much because he was so terrified of being late. He woke at 1.17, 2.49, 3.37, 3.43, 4.55. The numbers jumped off the big face of his digital clock. Then 10.40!Ahhh!He jumped o

21、ut of bed. He seized the clock. 6.03! 10.40 had been only a dream. At eight, breakfast time, it was raining like mad.“Might get called off, Joe,” suggested his mum.“Never, Mother. will not be like cricket,” said his dad. “Will take a lot to stop football.”Joe checked everything for the tenth time. H

22、e put his boots at the very bottom of his large bag, well out of sight. He had decided to put them on when nearly everyone had left the changing room. Then his classmates wouldnt make fun of him. Soon, it was time to set out.“Good luck!” said his mum, giving him a kiss.His dad had his coat on, ready

23、 for his morning deliveries. “Want a lift to school?” he said. “I hope to get down to watch you when Ive done the trip to Eccles.”“Okay,” said Joe.As Dads van carried him down the hill to school, Joe was thinking about the boots. If only but no, he had to stop that kind of thinking. It doesnt matter

24、 about the boots, he told himself.7From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that _.A. Joe had been confident about himself in playing footballB. Joe had been laughed at for his poor football skillsC. Joe had been playing football greatlyD. Joe had not looked forward to joining in the football gam

25、e8You can read the disappointment of Joe from the following sentences except _.A. , the boy felt as if someone had poured ice into his brain.B. “ ,” he finally gasped, “should be exactly my size.”C. He could imagine what everyone at school would say.D. “At least I wont slip,” he thought, “the studs

26、are like sharks teeth!”9The night before the football match, how many times did Joe wake up before he jumped out of bed finally?A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six10You can put “They” at the beginning of the sentence _A. “_ might get called off, Joe,” suggested his mum.B. “_,” he finally gasped, “ should b

27、e exactly my size.”C. “Never, Mother. _ will not be like cricket,” said his dad.D. “ _will take a lot to stop football.”11rom the story, we can infer that Joes father is likely to be a(n) _.A. dentistB. engineerC. rugby playerD. milkman12What can be the best title of the story?A. Joes footballB. Joe

28、s football teamC. Joes football bootsD. Joes dream3Many families take their children on vacation. They will usually travel for a few days or weeks during school breaks. But Julie and Tim Rivenbark planned a longer vacation with their two childrenthe Rivenbark family is on a one-year trip around the

29、world. They plan to visit 30 countries in all.Right now, the four travellers are about halfway through their trip. Ms. Rivenbark says they are trying to see as much of the world as they can. She says “we have been through Europe, southern Africa, now we are kind of working our way through Asia. So w

30、e have been to a bunch of big cities, like Dubai, Johannesburg, Rome and Bangkok.”The family has also spent time floating in kayaks(long narrow boats) in Italy, flying in hot air balloons in Myanmar, hiking to the Everest Base Camp in Nepal and going on a journey to see or hunt animals in South Afri

31、ca.Mr. Rivenbark says the family has also ridden on ostrich birds, elephants, and camels. But, he says, one of the most interesting experiences of the trip has been meeting new people.“People have been extremely friendly, very welcoming and love our kidsinteracting with them and their reaction to se

32、e our kids enjoying themselves in their country.”Eleven-year old Tyler says he has enjoyed learning about the people they have met. “I learned in Africa that people have very different lifestyles compared to Americans.” His sister, 9-year-old Kara, discovered that she liked Thai food.Ms. Rivenbark s

33、ays that the extended trip teaches the children a lot more than short visits would have. “I think that the longer we travel, the more impact it has on how they see the world. I can see them changing more than they can see themselves.”It took the family a year to prepare for the trip. They had to sel

34、l their house and cars. Ms. Rivenbark quit her job and her husband is using unpaid leave. They carry small bags filled with lightweight clothing and whatever else they need. Ms. Rivenbark says she enjoys being able to carry everything she needs on her back. She says she does not miss the things she

35、has back home. “What has become more important is making these memories as a family and taking those with us instead.” Tyler and Kara each have iPads so they can communicate with teachers to stay current with their schoolwork. Tyler is also creating a 365-day video blog.The Rivenbarks will continue

36、to head east for the next six months. They plan to visit Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, China and Australia. To follow their adventures, visit their website: .13What makes the Rivenbarks different from other families is that _.A. they have their family trips during the childrens holidaysB. they have caref

37、ully planned their family trips for holidaysC. they plan to have a tour around the world without their childrenD. they tour around the world with their kids not going to class14During the travel, _ impressed the kids as well as the parents most.A. floating in kayaks in ItalyB. hiking to the Everest

38、Base Camp in NepalC. interacting with different peopleD. riding on elephants and camels15The underlined word in Paragraph 7 extended is closest in meaning to _.A. expandedB. contentedC. shortenedD. intended16We can infer from the passage that _.A. It will take the family one year to prepare and fini

39、sh their travelB. The kids are finishing their current study with the help of the InternetC. The family are likely to stay in Asia for the second part of their tripD. To afford such a trip around the world is really something easy for the family17The passage is meant to _.A. share with the readers a

40、n extraordinary family tripB. introduce some great parents and their jobsC. remind us of the pleasure of getting close to natureD. inform us of the benefits of travelling around the world4Ask anybody out there, what is the most important thing in his life Fame, Fortune and Money, and there is a chan

41、ce that he is going to say, money, because with that, fame and fortune comes quite easily. On the other hand, if you add “family” to these three choices given above, there is a chance that 99% of the people are going to put their family first, especially if they happen to be ladies!The main reason i

42、s because nature has created a woman to be the cherisher and the nurturer (哺育者) of the family, while the man is the hunter and protector of his little family. That is the natural rule which has come down through thousands of years. Even if a person happens to be a comparatively worldly-wise person a

43、nd has no idea of taking on the responsibility of a family, he has a picture of a tight little loving unit in his subconscious (潛意識).They tell a story about a successful millionaire businessman who died and the whole city came to pay its respects. One of his business competitors, met the son and sai

44、d, “We are really going to miss your father. You see, I knew your father well.” And the son replied, “You happen to be really lucky there, because I never did.” So, you might be an extremely successful person in your own right upon Wall Street, but if your little child fails to come running out to w

45、elcome his daddy at the end of the day to be swung up in his fathers arms and held there lovingly and protectively, you come in the “nothing” category in the business of life.Many people are under the impression that taking on the responsibility of the family is quite tiresome, but they do not know

46、what it takes to be a parent. It is very easy to be a biological father or a biological mother, but the real mother and the real father is that person who stays awake all night when the baby is teething, teaches him right from wrong, is there to hold him when he takes his first steps, and in every w

47、ay shows that he is there to cherish (珍惜) and protect the little one from harm.There was a man who did not believe in family, because of an unhappy childhood. But he found a faithful woman to love him unconditionally. The moment he picked up his little baby, he said, “Well son, welcome to the world!

48、 I am here to teach you what your mama has taught me, and we shall both protect you, when you need our help. I will teach you to be a good, just and fair man.”18The writer writes Para.1 to _.A. introduce the topic B. raise a questionC. present the survey D. make a comparison19What does the underline

49、d expression “l(fā)oving unit” ( Para.2) most probably refer to ?A. Lover. B. Family. C. Child. D. Life.20In the writers view, the millionaire businessman _.A. won respect from the whole cityB. was fortunate to have a loving sonC. achieved great success in his lifeD. was a failure in the business of lif

50、e21It can be inferred from the passage that _.A. men care little about their familiesB. a happy childhood shapes a good manC. family responsibility means a great dealD. a faithful wife makes a family complete22What might be the title for the passage?A. What More Could a Family Be AboutB. How Should

51、We Parent a ChildC. How to Take on Your ResponsibilityD. What Contributes to Ones Success5A recent study, while showing a generally positive attitude toward science, also suggests a widespread worry that it may be “running out of control”. This idea is dangerous.Science can be a force for evil as we

52、ll as for good. Its applications can be channeled either way, depending on our decisions. The decisions we make, personally or collectively, will determine the outcomes of science. But here is a real danger. Science is advancing so fast and is so strongly influenced by businesses that we are likely

53、to believe whatever decisions we come to will make little difference. And, rather than fighting for the best possible policies, we may step back and do nothing.Some people go even further. They say that despite the moral and legal objections, whatever is scientifically possible will be done-somewher

54、e, sometime. They believe that science will get out of control in the end. This belief is dangerous too, because it fuels a sense of hopelessness and discourages them from making efforts to build a safer world.In our interconnected world, the lack of agreement in and out of the world of science can

55、lead to the failure to control the use of science. Without a common understanding, the challenges of “controlling” science in this century will be really tough. Take human cloning for example. Despite the general agreement among scientists on its possible huge impact(影響) on traditional moral values,

56、 some countries still go ahead with the research and development of its related techniques. The outcomes are hard to predict.Therefore, discussions on how science is applied should be extended far beyond scientific societies. Only through the untied efforts of people with hope, can we be fully safe

57、against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future.23What can we conclude from the recent study?A. People think highly of science.B. People hold mixed opinions about science.C. Science is getting dangerously out of control.D. Science is used for both good and bad purposes

58、.24According to the passage, what will happen if we hold that science is getting beyond control?A. The development of science will hopelessly slow down.B. Businesses will have even greater influence on science.C. The public will lose faith in bringing about a bright future.D. People will work more actively to put science under control.25The