初三英語定語從句用法詳解

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上定語從句的用法1、 定語從句的概念     在復(fù)合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞,定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。 (尤其是限制性定語從句)（定語在漢語中常用的表示。它主要由形容詞擔(dān)任，此外，名詞，代詞，數(shù)詞，分詞，副詞，不定式以及介詞短語也可以來擔(dān)任，也可以有一個句子來擔(dān)任。單詞做定語是通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語。短語和從句做定語是則放在所修飾的詞之后，做后置定語。）    二、定語從句的關(guān)系詞     引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代

2、詞和關(guān)系副詞,常見的關(guān)系代詞包括that, which, who(賓格whom,所有格whose)等,關(guān)系副詞包括where, when, why等。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用,同時又作定語從句的重要成分。     三、定語從句的分類     根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞的關(guān)系,定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。 1. 限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞,主句與從句不用逗號分開,從句不可省去 2.非限制性定語從句主句與從句之間有逗號分開,起補(bǔ)充說明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。    

3、四、關(guān)系代詞的用法     1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。    Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的。(that作主語)     The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍(lán)色的。(that作賓語)     2.which用于指物    The building which stands near t

4、he train station is a supermarket.位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。(作主語)     The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。(作賓語)     3.who, whom用于指人     The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.經(jīng)常在方面幫助我的那個女孩是英國人。(作主語)   &

5、#160; Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在與李明談話的是誰?(作賓語) 注意：whom 在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替，可省略。 4 whose用于指人，也可以用于指物（相當(dāng)于of which 注明:whose=the+物/人+of which/whom ）Do you like the book whose color is yellow?Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? I once lived in the house whose roof ha

6、s fallen in . I once lived in the house ,the roof of which has fallen in .    5.關(guān)系詞的區(qū)別 （1）關(guān)系詞只能用that的情況:     a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾,或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時    He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一個通過考試的人。     b.當(dāng)先行詞是anything, everyth

7、ing, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some，the one等不定代詞時， Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎?     c.先行詞被由the only ,the very, the same, the last ,every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much，each等修飾時. This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟

8、的那輛自行車。     d. 先行詞里同時含有人或物時    I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個房間所見到的人和一些照片。     e.以who或which引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句,為避免重復(fù)    Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那個女孩是誰?     f.主句是there be

9、結(jié)構(gòu) There is an old man who wants to see you .    There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本書是湯姆的。     （2）關(guān)系詞不用that 的情況:     a.先行詞為that, those時     Whats that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么?     b.關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時

10、    This is the room in which he lives. 這是他居住的房間。     c.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句    Tom came back, which made us happy. 湯姆回來了,這使我們很高興。     五、關(guān)系副詞的用法     (1)when指時間,其先行詞表示時間,在句中作時間狀語。 （in/on/at/during +which）    This was the

11、time when he arrived.這是他到達(dá)的時間。     (2)where指地點,其先行詞表示地點,在句中作地點狀語。(in/at+which)This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點。     (3)why 指原因,其先行詞是原因,起原因狀語作用。（for/which） Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒人知道他為什么上學(xué)總遲到。 六、圖形總結(jié)如下 從句缺主語who,that 先行詞是人 從句缺賓

12、語whom,which,that,省略 關(guān)系代詞 從句缺定語whose 從句缺主語which，that先行詞是物 從句缺賓語which,that,省略 關(guān)系代詞 從句缺定語whose 指時間 when 指地點where 關(guān)系副詞 指原因why  練習(xí)一I.單項選擇。     1. -Do you know the man _is talking with your father?     -Yes, hes our headmaster.     A. he B. who C. which D.

13、 whom     2. Is this the river _I can swim?     A. which B. in which C. that D. the one     3. This is the best hotel in the city _I know.     A. where B. which C. that D. it     4. Can you lend me the dictionary _the other d

14、ay?     A. that you bought B. you bought it     C. that you bought it D. which you bought it     5. Anyone _with what I said may put up you hands.     A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree 6. My watch is not the only thi

15、ng _ is missing.     A. that B. it C. which D who     7. The man _coat is black is waiting at the gate     A. whos B. whose C. that D of which.     8. The girl _ is reading under the tree _my sister.     A. which; is B. whom;

16、 was C. who; is D. who; was     9. I love places _the people are really friendly.     A. that B. which C. where D. who     10. The house , _ was destoryed in the terrible fire,has heen repaired.A the roof of which B which roof C its roof D the roof. 

17、. 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空。     1. The first thing _you must do is to have a meal.     2. April 1st is the day _is called April Fools Day in the west.     3. The family _had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.     4. The house

18、_we live in is very old.     5. Didnt you see the man _I talked with just now? 6.He lives in the room _ window faces to the south. 7.He talked a lot about things and persons _ they remembered in the school. 8. Im interested in all _ you have said 9. I can never forget the day _we work

19、ed together and the day _we spent together. 10. This is the reason_he didnt come to the meeting. 11.The boy _was here a minute ago is my friend. 12.Dictionary is a book _gives the meanings of words. 13.This letter is from the young man _we met last month. 14.The film_ we saw last night was wonderful

20、. 15.There is only one thing _I can do. 16.This is the boy _ text book was lost. 17.Carl still remembered the afternoon _ he got to the lab. 18.This is the room _ we lived last year. 19.Thats the very reason _ I want to study English. 20.The reason _you cant study English well is your laziness. 

21、; 練習(xí)二（一） 用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞將下列每對句子連成一個復(fù)合句。1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago.2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college.3. Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square. The foreign visitors live there.4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her.5. This

22、 is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day.6. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us.7. The man was my uncle. The man waved to us. 8. I enjoyed reading the book. You gave me a book last week.9. I prefer the subject. The subject is science.10. I spoke to the man.

23、The man is a professor.（二） 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空1. The house _ we live in is very big.2. The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. This is the present _ he gave me for my birthday.4. The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer.5. He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited.

24、6. There is nothing in the world _ can frighten him.7. She wears a gold ring, _ is very uncommon in our class.8. We visited a factory _ makes toys for children.9. Is this the place _ your father once lived?10. Ill never forget the days _ I joined the League.練習(xí)三一、單項填空1. -Who is the man _ was talking

25、to our English teacher? -Oh! Its Mr Baker, our maths teacher. A. he B. that C. whom D. which 2. I hate the people _ dont help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where3. The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom4. George Mallory was an

26、 English school teacher _ loved climbing.A. who B. whom C. he D. which5. This is the place _I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which6. Nobody knows the reason _ she didnt come to the meeting. A. that B. which C. why D. when7. The moon is a world _ there is no life. A. that B. which C.

27、 where D. why8. He has forgotten the day _ he arrived. A. when B. where C. that D. which9. He still remembers the days _ he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which10. Mr. White, _ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which11. He got to the villa

28、ge _ his family once lived before liberation. A. that B. which C. when D. where12. This is the house _ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where13. This is the house _ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked. A. which B. that C. when D. where14. He didnt tell me the place _ he was

29、born. A. that B. which C. when D. where15. He lived in a small village, _ was a long way from the railway station. A. that B. which C. where D. when16. I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. which C. where D. that17. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son

30、than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him. A. who B. that C. what D. which18. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom19. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that

31、 far-away village. A. until B. that C. when D. where20. The famous scientist grew up_ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai. A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever21. A story goes _ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. A.

32、when B. where C. what D. that22. The Parkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. which23. Is this factory _ you worked at? A. the one B. which C. that D. where24. Is this the factory _ you worked? A. where B. which C. that D. the one25. -

33、Does the teacher know everybody _ planted the trees?-Yes, he does. A. which B. whose C. where D. who26. The letter _ I received from him yesterday is very important. A. who B. where C. what D. that27. -Where is the scientist _ gave us the talk yesterday?-He has gone back to Qinghua University. A. wh

34、om B. who C. whose D. which28. I hate people _ talk much but do little. A. whose B. whom C. which D. who29. Do you know a boy _ sister is a nurse in a hospital? A. who B. that C. whom D. whose30. Is there a shop near here_ we can buy vegetables and fruits? A. which B. when C. who D. where二、填入適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞

35、或關(guān)系副詞完成下列句子1. The boys_ are playing football are from Class One. 2. Those _ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow.3. Mr Liu is the person _ you talked about on the bus. 4. The professor _ you are waiting for has come. 5. Football is a game _is liked by most boys. 6. He li

36、kes to read books _ are written by foreign writers.7. This is the pen _ he bought yesterday. 8. Well go to hear the famous singer _ we have often talked.9. Where is the man _ I saw this morning? 10. The season_ comes after spring is summer. 11. I visited a scientist _ name is known all over the coun

37、try. 12. He has a friend _ father is a doctor. 13. I once lived in the house _ roof has fallen in. 14. I still remember the day _ I first came to this school. 15. The time _ we got together finally arrived. 16. Shanghai is the city _ I was born. 17. The house _ I lived ten years ago has been pulled

38、down. 18. Please tell me the reason _ you missed the plane. 19. The reason _ he was punished is unknown to us. 20. All the people _are present burst into tears.21. There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of _ are well educated.22. He succeeded in the competition, _ mad

39、e his parents very happy.23. The school _ he once studied is very famous. 24. Tomorrow Ill bring here the magazine _ you asked. 25. This is the boy _I played tennis with yesterday. 練習(xí)四1. The house _ we live is not big.A. in that B. whichC. in which D. that2. He talked about the lectures and schools

40、_ he had visited.A. that B. whichC. who D. whom3. The scientist the teacher is talking _ is leaving for Beijing.A. to him B. whomC. to D. to that4. I who _ your teacher, will teach Marxism as a truth to you.A. is B. areC. were D. am5. _ they could do was to work hard.A. All B. All whatC. All which D

41、. That6. Do you know the reason _ he didnt come?A. that B. whichC. for D. why7. The room _ windows face south is his.A. that B. whichC. whose D. whos8. The park, _ we visited yesterday, is very nice.A. where B. whichC. that D. when9. The park, _ we met with him, is very nice.A. where B. whichC. that

42、 D. when10. The first time _ I saw her was in 1989.A. when B. whichC. that D. as11. Pay attention to all _ I do.A. which B. in whichC. what D. that12. Ive read all the books _ you gave me.A. which B. themC. what D. that13. Is there anything _ I can do for you?A. what B. whichC. that D. it14.The woma

43、n _ child had fallen ill was a doctor.A. who B. herC. whose D. /15. The pen _ Im using _ is hers.A. which; it B. that; itC. it; / D. /16. I have the same trouble _ you have.A. that B. whichC. as D. what17 Its the very book _ I want to find.A. which B. thatC. it D. so18. He is the only one of the boy

44、s who _ English for four years.A. has learnt B. have learntC. learn D. learning19. This is one of the books _ worth reading.A. that is B. which areC. it was D. they are been20. This is the best film _ been shown this year.A. which has B. which haveC. that has D. that have21. This is the largest cloc

45、k in the world, the minute have _ is six minutes long.A. where B. of whichC. that D. of that22. Can you tell me the reason _ you didnt come for yesterday?A. why B. howC. which D. what23. Do you still remember the day _ we spent together last month?A. that B. in whichC. when D. where24. Oct. 1, 1949

46、was the day _ the New China was founded.A. that B. in whichC. when D. where25. Which/Who of them _ knows something about English doesnt know this word?A. which B. whoC. that D. as26. _ we all know, he is a good man.A. Which B. WhoC. That D. As27. Ive never seen such a lazy boy _ you are.A. which B.

47、whoC. that D. as28. There were many great leaders in the history _ Abraham Lincoln was the greatest one.A. in which B. in whomC. of which D. of whom29. I bought a new dictionary, _ is very beautiful.A. whose the cover B. of which coverC. the cover of which D. which cover30. They have planted many tr

48、ees, one third of _ are pine trees.A. them B. whoseC. which D. that31. That is my office, _ face the south.A. its windows B. the windowsC. the windows of it D. the windows of which32. Hes given us a lot of information, _ is valuable.A. little of it B. Little of whichC. a little D. much of them33. He has two sons, _ is a collage student.A. who B. both of whomC. neither of whom D. neither34. There are forty-five studen