完整虛擬語氣用法表格歸納圖

1、第四章虛擬語氣（一） 狀語從句中的虛擬語氣虛擬語氣在if引導(dǎo) 的條件句中的用法 二聯(lián)"八、從句（條件）主句（目的）表示于現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相 反的虛擬條件句If+主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式(be用were) If I had time, I would attend the meeting.主語+would(should could might)+動(dòng)詞原型表示與過去事實(shí)相 反的擬條件句If+主語+had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞If he had hurried, he could have caught the train.主語+would (should could might) +have+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞

2、表小與將來事實(shí)相 反的虛擬條件句1、If+主語+動(dòng)詞過去式2、If+主語+were to+動(dòng)詞原形3、If+主語+should +動(dòng)詞原形If I were to go abroad, I would go to America.主語+would (could should might) + 動(dòng) 詞原型錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句一 一主從句時(shí)間不一 致的情況下的虛擬 語氣有時(shí)條件從句中的動(dòng)作與主句中的動(dòng)作，發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致，這是動(dòng)作的形 式應(yīng)根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間加以調(diào)整。If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.If you had stu

3、died hard before, you would be a college student now.含蓄條件句有時(shí)虛擬條件句并沒用if從句表小出來，而是用介詞短語（otherwise or, without, but for）上下文或其他方式來表小。She would have died without my help.。條件從句中省略if采用倒裝語序的情 況在if引導(dǎo)的表示虛擬的條件狀語從句中，有時(shí)可以把虛擬條件中的連詞if省去，而將had, should, were等助動(dòng)詞提到主語之前。例： 原旬：1: If she were younger, she,would do it.去 i

4、f: Were she younger, she would do it.2: If you had come earlier, you would have met him.去 if: Had you come earlier, you would have met him3:If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.去 if:Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.虛擬語氣在 as if/as though引導(dǎo)的方式 狀語從句中1.表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有懷疑

5、，謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式。He treats the boy as if he were his own son.2.表示與過去事實(shí)相反，謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)。He spoke as if he had known about it.3.表小與將來事實(shí)相反，（表小將來的可能性不大），用would （might, could）+ 動(dòng)詞原形He acts as if he could win in the game.注思：1.在as if/as though旬中，如果有口能成為事頭，用陳述語氣。例：He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though或as if引導(dǎo)

6、的狀語從句，從句主語和主句主語相同時(shí)，從句中可 省略主語和部分謂語。虛擬語氣用在lest, for fear that, so that 及 in order that 弓 I導(dǎo) 的目的狀語從句中 表示“以防，以免” 等意思謂語動(dòng)詞多用should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原型構(gòu)成For fear that it may rain tomorrow, we should bring an umbrella.“In case”弓I導(dǎo)的從 句中即可用陳述句， 也可以用虛擬語氣(should) +動(dòng)詞原型例：1.The game will be put off in case it (shoul

7、d) snow.2.The game will be put off in case it snows.(二)名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣一：兵語從句中的虛擬 語氣1.在動(dòng)詞wish/hop雨的 賓語從句中的虛擬語氣， 表存L種/、口能實(shí)現(xiàn)的 愿望。對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：從句謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式或過去進(jìn)行式。I wish (that) I were a bird.對(duì)過去情況的虛擬：從句謂語動(dòng)詞用過去元成時(shí)，或would , could, might+ 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。I wish (that) I had seen the film last night.對(duì)將來情況的虛擬：從句謂語would/should/co

8、uld/might+動(dòng)詞原形 。I wish (that) I wouldcould go.在表小建議，命令，要 求，忠告，等動(dòng)詞的后 面的賓語從句中的虛擬 語氣均以“ should+動(dòng)詞原型”表示這種語氣，“ should”常被省略。We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.They insisted that the boy (should) go with them.常用的此類動(dòng)詞啟：表示“提議， 勸告， 建議” 的： propose, suggest, recommend, advise.表示“要求” 的： ask, desir

9、e, request, demand, require, beg表示“同意，堅(jiān)持”的：insist表示“決定，命令”的：decide, order注思：suggest, insist/、表小建議或堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)，即匕們用于具本意暗示，表明，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為時(shí)，賓語從句用陳述語氣。The smile on his face suggested日f/j) that he was satisfied with our work.The man insisted【堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為】that he had never stolen the money.Would rather, had rather, 后的賓語從句

10、中的虛擬 語氣謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式表示匕現(xiàn)在或?qū)硐喾碔 would rather you told me the truth.用過去完成式表示與過去事實(shí)相反。表示“寧愿做什么”或“對(duì)過去做的 事的懊悔”。I would rather you had gone there last Sunday.注思：1.若某人愿自己做某事，would rather后用動(dòng)詞原型2.would rather .than中用動(dòng)詞原型I would rather do it by myself.I?would?rather?watch TV at home?than?go to the cinema.主語從句中的虛擬語

11、氣“It is(was)+形容詞(或 過去分詞)+thatI”結(jié) 構(gòu)中的虛擬語氣表達(dá)形式為should+動(dòng)詞原形或省略shouldIt' s quite necessary that we should have a walk now.常用的形容詞：natural, appropriate, advisable, necessary important, urgent, probable, possible, desirable, strange注意：在上述所列形容詞后面用that引出的賓語從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞也要用 虛擬語氣。例：I don't think it advisabl

12、e that tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience.揚(yáng)姆缺之經(jīng)驗(yàn)，指派他做這項(xiàng)，作我認(rèn)為是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?.在 “It is (was)+ 名詞 +that；.”結(jié)構(gòu)句中的虛 擬語氣表示建議，命令，請求，道歉，懷疑，驚奇等。It' s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.這類名詞后：advice, decision, desire, demand, idea, order, pity, proposal, recommendation suggestion, surpri

13、se, wish, wonder 等。二.表語從句或同位語從句中的虛擬語氣某些表示建議，請求， 命令等主觀意向的名詞 做主語時(shí)，其后的表語 從旬或同位語從句需用 虛擬語氣表達(dá)形式為should+動(dòng)詞原型或直接用動(dòng)詞原型。My idea is that we (should ) think it over before accepting it.We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off. 在 It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required .that-clause句

14、型中從句用(should )+動(dòng)詞原型It is demanded that we should work out a plan.這類名詞常見的有：demand, desire, requirement, advice, recommendation, suggestion order, necessity proposal, plan, idea。在It is (about/high) time+that定語從句中的虛擬語氣表示“該做.的時(shí)候 了”具動(dòng)詞形式用一般過去時(shí)或should+動(dòng)詞原型It is high time that you went / should go to schoo

15、l.注思：在this is the first time/ second time that.句型中,從句中謂語動(dòng)詞 用陳述語氣完成時(shí)態(tài)。This is the second time that we have achieved such a great success.選擇題1. If only he quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lie2. How I wish every family a large house

16、with a beautiful garden.A. has B. had C. will have D. had had3. You did not let me drive. If we in turn, you so tiredA. drove; didn ' t get B. drove; wouldn' t get C. were driving; wouldn ' t getD. had driven ; wouldn' t have got4.1 t rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit

17、 to the Yangpu BridgeA. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will5. I suggested the person to be put into prisonA. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if itA. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken7. I insisted to see a doctor, bu

18、t he insisted nothing wrong with himA. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is8. -Your aunt invites you to the movies today-1 had rather she me tomorrow than todayA. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told9. -Would you have called her up had it been possible-Yes, but

19、 I busy doing my homeworkA. was B. were C. had been D. would be10. I was ill that day, otherwise I the sports meetA. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in11. the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easilyA. Had it not been for B. If it were no

20、t C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for12. If my lawyer here last Sunday, he me from goingA. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would preventC. were, preventD. were, would have prevented13. hard, he would have passed the examA. If he were to work B. Had he worked C. Should he work D.

21、 Were he to work14. today, he would get there by FridayA. Were he to leaveB. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left15. Had you listened to the doctor, you all right nowA. are B. were C. would be D. would have been16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she, she would have met my b

22、rotherA. has come B. did come C. come D. had come17. He busy yesterday, or he you with your experiment.A. was, had helped B. was, would have helped C. had been, would have helped D. were, would have helped18. If it for the snow, we the mountain yesterdayA. were not, could have climb B. were not, cou

23、ld climb C. had not been, could have climbed D. hadn ' t been, could climb19. Without electricity, human life quite difficult todayA. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be20. -1 am going to tell her the news-I would as soon you her about itA. didn ' t 由lldon ' t tell C. hadn D. wo

24、ne1l t tell21. Mike ' s father, as well as his mother, insisted he homeA. stayed B. could stay C. has stayed D. stay22. It was requested that the play againA. should put on B. would put on C. be put on D. put on23. She insisted that a doctor immediatelyA. had sent for B. send C. be sent for D. w

25、as sent24. -Did you scold him for his carelessness-Yes, but itA. I'd rather not dB. I ' d rather not have done C. I should ' t dD. I ' d better not do25. If only I my carA. hadn ' t lost B. wouldn ' t lose C. didn ' t lose D. haven ' t lost26. But for water, it imposs

26、ible to live in the earthA. is B. would C. were D. wouldn ' t be27. I would rather you anything about it for the time beingA. do B. didn ' t Co don 'Dt didn ' t28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he their own sonA. is B. were C. had been D. should be29. H

27、ow the old people wish that they young once moreA. were B. could become C. had beenD. should be30. It is high time that we a meeting to discuss this problemA. hold B. held C. have held D. had held31. The thief closed his eyes he dyingA. even if , was B. though, would be C. even, had been D. as if, w

28、ere32. I wish that you such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concertA. had not B. did not have had C. hadn ' t had D. hadn ' t have33. The chairman insisted that we the question againA. will discuss B. to discuss C. should discuss). will be discussed34. He req

29、uested that the students them get in cropsA. help B. to help C. helped D. helping35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody the rulesA. obeys B. Obey C. will obey D. would obey36. I wish I here thenA. was B. had been C. were D. would be37. It is strange that he back so earlyA. came B. will co

30、me C. had come D. should have come38. Mother suggested that I my homework first before watching TVA. did B. do C. shall do D. have done39. My suggestion is that the meeting off till nest SundayA. be put B. put C. should put D. had been put40. He is talking so much about America as if he thereA. had

31、been B. has been C. was D. been41. The teacher demanded that the exam before elevenA. must finish B. would be finished C. be finished D. must be finished42. -Sorry, Joe. I did not mean to -Don' t call me “Joe” , I am Mr. Parker to you, and you forget it!A. do B. didn ' t C. didD. don ' t

32、43. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I but I all this morningA. would, have washed B. could, have been washing C. would have, have been washing). could have, had washing44. How I wish I to repair the watch! I only made it worseA. had tried B. hadn ' t triedC. have triedD. didn '

33、 t try45. -How could I thank you enough?-Don' t mention it. Any other man itA. must do B. could do C. would have done D. should have done46. Key European governments insist Iraq-opera tioncogood and military action to allowinspections to continueA. be, be delayed B. is, delay C. should be, be de

34、layed D. is , be delayed47. If the hurricane had happened during the day-time,more deathsA. it would have been B. it would beC. there would be D. there would have been48. What the customers from the company is that the goods right to their homes.A. requested, deliver B. demand, be deliveredC. request, should deliver D. demand, delivered49. If law-breakers the society will be in disorderA. made unpunished B. came unpunished C. went unpunished D. not punished50. We took a taxi to t