真題回顧(三)-2020年高考英語語法填空考點講解與真題分析(解析版)

1、高考英語語法填空考點講解與真題分析專題24真題回顧（三）Passage 112017 全國 II)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。（In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 61 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and 62 work.

2、 It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, 63 (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over 64 top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.Steam engines 65 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have bee

3、n 66 (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 67 every day.Later, engineers 68 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels ( 隧道),which became

4、known to the tube. This development was only possible with the 69 (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most 70 (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely pop

5、ular with the public.61 .【答案】crowds【解析】句意：它運行不到 7公里，卻使人們上下班途中避免了路面上的擁堵。crowd意為人群”，是可數(shù)名詞，在此作 avoid的賓語。因前面沒有冠詞，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。62 .【答案】from【解析】句意：地下鐵路不到七公里，卻讓人們上下班時避免了在路面上的擁堵。to and from意為 來回”。63 .【答案】laying【解析】句意：這包括挖掘路面，鋪設(shè)鐵軌，然后在上面建一個結(jié)實的頂。Laying與前面的digging和后面的building共同作included的賓語。64 .【答案】the【解析】句意：這包括挖掘路面，鋪

6、設(shè)鐵軌，然后在上面建一個結(jié)實的頂。這里表示特指，應(yīng)用定冠詞 the。【解析】句意：蒸汽機(jī)被用來牽引車廂，由于蒸汽機(jī)放出的濃煙和發(fā)出的噪音，乘客一定很不舒服。這里說的是早期的地鐵，是過去的事，用一般過去時；steam engines和use是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，故應(yīng)填入一般過去時的被動語態(tài)were used。66 .【答案】fairly【解析】句意：用蒸汽機(jī)來牽引車廂，對乘客來說，蒸汽機(jī)放出的黑煙和發(fā)出的噪音一定很不舒服。這里作狀語，修飾形容詞unpleasant,應(yīng)用副詞。fair的副詞形式是fairly。67 .【答案】it【解析】句意：然而，鐵路很快被證實是個巨大的成功，而且不到半年，

7、每天乘坐火車的人超過了兩萬 五千人。這里指代前面提到的railway ,故用it。68 .【答案】managed【解析】句意：后來，工程師在隧道系統(tǒng)建筑鐵路，這就是我們所熟知的地鐵。這里說的是早期的地鐵，是過去的事，用一般過去時。69 .【答案】introduction 【解析】句意：這一發(fā)展只有在引了進(jìn)電機(jī)車和電梯才成為可能。作介詞with的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞；introduce的名詞形式是introduction , introduction在此作引進(jìn)“講，是不可數(shù)名詞。70 .【答案】successful【解析】句意：倫敦中心地鐵是這些新線路中最成功的線路之一，并于1900年投入運營。后有比

8、較的范圍of these new lines ,前面有the most,因此這里用形容詞，與 the most構(gòu)成最高級。success的形容 詞形式是 successful。Passage 12閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2017全國III)She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her s

9、chool friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term61 (rest). Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 model in New York.Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britain' s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year.Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-t

10、ime. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65. (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry onwith her 66- (educate).She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to

11、 take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 68 engineering or architecture.Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifes

12、tyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model any more."61 .【答案】resting【解析】句意：但是與她校友不同的是，十六歲的莎拉沒有用半學(xué)期時間休息。這里是spend time doingsth結(jié)構(gòu)。62 .【答案】a【解析】句意：相反，她在紐約當(dāng)模特一天能掙六千五百美元。model是可數(shù)名詞，在此泛指某一(個)，故用不定冠詞。63 .【答案】was told【解析】句意：莎拉被告知在新的一年她會成為英國超級模特

13、，收入一百萬美金。由賓語從句的謂語動詞could be可知，應(yīng)用一般過去時；Sarah和tell之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。tell是不規(guī)則動詞，其過去分詞是told, 一般過去時的被動語態(tài)是was told。64 .【答案】who【解析】句意：莎拉和一些頂級模特參加時裝表演，但是她想證明她不僅貌美而且聰明。這是一個復(fù)合句, 主句是 But Sarah wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty , 從句是 has taken part in shows along with top models 。從句修飾 Sarah,是一個非

14、限制性定語從句。關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，且指人，故用who引導(dǎo)定語從句(that雖然也可以指人，但不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句)。65 .【答案】to prove【解析】句意：但是莎拉想證明她不但漂亮，而且還有思想，她已經(jīng)和高級模特一起參加了表演。want后接不定式，表示 想要做”。66 .【答案】education【解析】句意：她決定繼續(xù)她的學(xué)業(yè)。作介詞 with的賓語，應(yīng)用名詞；educate的名詞形式是 education, 是不可數(shù)名詞。67 .【答案】invitations【解析】句意：她拒絕了好幾家名模表演的邀請。invitation意為 請?zhí)保强蓴?shù)名詞，在此作 has turned

15、down的賓語，且有several修飾，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。68 .【答案】in【解析】句意：中學(xué)畢業(yè)后后她計劃休學(xué)一年做全職模特，然后再上大學(xué)攻讀工程學(xué)或建筑學(xué)學(xué)位。in表不' 在方面"。69 .【答案】comes【解析】句意：但是現(xiàn)在上學(xué)第一。說的是現(xiàn)在的情況，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；主語school是單數(shù)，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)，即 comes。70 .【答案】certainly【解析】句意：這當(dāng)然很有趣了，但是這種生活方式有點不真實。這里作狀語，修飾謂語動詞is,應(yīng)用副詞。certain的副詞形式是 certaily。Passage 13閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號

16、內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 (2017浙江)Last October , while tending her garden in Mora , Sweden , Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small56 (carrot) and was about to throw them away. But something made her look closer , and she noticed a57 (shine) object. Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her l

17、ong-lost wedding ring.Pahlsson screamed 58 loudly that her daughter came running from the house." she thought I had59(I), " says PahlssonSixteen years 60 (early), Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring 61 (cook) a meal. When she wanted to put the ring back on later, it was gone. She suspect

18、ed that one of her three daughters - then ten, eight, and six had picked it up, but the girls said they hadn't. Pahlsson and her husband 62 (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. " gave up hope of finding my ring again," she says. She never replaced it.Pahl

19、sson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63 (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 64 it remained until the carrot' s leafy top accidentall)yfepr()iitefoi(ghit. For Pahlsson, its return was 65 wonder.56 .【答案】carrots【解析】句意：去年十月，Lena Pahlsson在瑞典的收拾花園的時候，

20、她拔出了一把小胡蘿卜，而且正要把它們?nèi)拥?。Carrot是可數(shù)名詞，前有 a handful of修飾，應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。57 .【答案】shining【解析】句意：但是什么東西使她湊近看，她注意到一個閃閃發(fā)光的東西。這里作定語，修飾object;object和shine是主動關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。58 .【答案】so【解析】句意：Pahlsson尖叫聲如此之大，她的女兒從房子里跑了出來。這里是sothat 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句，故填so。59 .【答案】myself【解析】句意：Pahlsson尖叫聲如此之大以致于她女兒都從屋子里跑了出來。她以為我傷著了自己?！盤ahlsson說道。這里hurt的動作

21、指向自身，應(yīng)用反身代詞。60 .【答案】earlier【解析】句意：早在十六年前，摘下鉆石戒指準(zhǔn)備做飯。years earlier意為 在年前"。故填比較級。61 .【答案】to cook【解析】這里作目的狀語，故填不定式。62 .【答案】searched【解析】句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫搜查了廚房，查看了每個角落，但是最終一無所獲。這里作謂語，敘述過去的事，用一般過去時。63 .【答案】swept【解析】句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為戒指可能是掃進(jìn)了廚房的垃圾堆，后又到了花園，直到胡蘿卜的葉子穿過戒指長了出來。這里的get是系動詞，后接表語；邏輯主語 the rin

22、g與sweep是被動關(guān)系，故填過去分詞，sweep是不規(guī)則動詞，其過去分詞是swept。64 .【答案】where【解析】句意：Pahlsson和她的丈夫現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為戒指可能是掃進(jìn)了廚房的垃圾堆，后又到了花園，直到胡蘿卜的葉子穿過戒指長了出來。這是一個復(fù)合句，主句是 Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, 從句是 itremained until the carrot' s lea

23、fy top accidentally sproutedhrough it , 從句修飾 the garden, 是定語從句；關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點狀語，故填關(guān)系副詞 whereo65 .【答案】a【解析】句意：對 Pahlsson來說，戒指能夠找回是個奇跡。這里表示泛指，應(yīng)填不定冠詞a。Passage 14閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2016全國I)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia' s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for touri

24、sts likeme, pandas are its top 61 (attract).So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 62( allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, Iwill be their UK ambassador. The title

25、will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But myconnection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s,65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will inc

26、lude 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it) mother. Thenursery team switches him every few 69( day) with his sister so th

27、at while one is being bottle-fed,70 other is with mum she never suspects.61 .【答案】attraction【解析】句意：但是對于象我這樣的游客，熊貓是最具吸引力的。在形容詞top后，應(yīng)用名詞；attract的名詞形式是attraction,作 吸引力”講，是不可數(shù)名詞。62 .【答案】was allowed【解析】句意：我被允許在這個六百畝大的熊貓中心接近這些可愛的動物。由上下文可知，這里敘述的是過去的一件事，應(yīng)用一般過去時；I和allow之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)；I是第一人稱單數(shù)，主代詞應(yīng)用 was,故填入 wa

28、s allowed。63 .【答案】officially【解析】句意：這一職務(wù)將在倫敦一個儀式上授予我。這里作狀語，修飾謂語will be given ,應(yīng)用副詞。official 的副詞形式是 officially 。64 .【答案】to【解析】句意：但我與熊貓的聯(lián)系還要追溯到20世紀(jì)80年代中期的一給電視節(jié)目。to表示 到(時間)”。65 .【答案】when【解析】句意：但是我和熊貓的淵源還要追溯到20世紀(jì)80年代中期，那時我是第一個被允許拍攝一個照顧在野外即將餓死的熊貓的專輯的西方電視記者。這是一個復(fù)合句，主句是But my connection withpandas goes back

29、 to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s , 從句是 I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild ,從句彳飾 days, 是定語從句；關(guān)系詞在從句中作時間狀語，故填關(guān)系副詞when。66 .【答案】to be permitted/permitted【解析】句意：我是第一個被允許拍攝一個照顧在野外快要餓死的熊貓的特殊單位。這里作定語，修飾reporter;

30、因reporter前有the first修飾，所以一般用不定式；reporter與permit之間是被動關(guān)系，故不定式用被動式，即to be permitted o這種情況也可以用過去分詞。67 .【答案】introducing【解析】句意：我的的大使職責(zé)包括介紹英國的游客到成都來觀看一百二十多熊貓以及在山霧繚繞的碧峰峽進(jìn)行研究的熊貓。Include后接動名詞作賓語。68 .【答案】Its【解析】句意：在最近的一次參觀中，我抱著一個三個月大，活蹦亂跳的熊貓寶寶，它是雙胞胎寶寶中被媽媽遺棄的那只。作定語，修飾mother,指單數(shù)名詞twin,應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞its。69 .【答案】days【

31、解析】句意：保育組每隔幾天就把他和他的妹妹調(diào)換一下，以便一個在用奶瓶喂養(yǎng)，另一個和媽媽在一起，這一點她從來不懷疑。few后應(yīng)接名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。70 .【答案】the【解析】句意：保育員每隔幾天就把他和他的妹妹換一下，以便一個在用奶瓶喂養(yǎng)的時候，另一個能和媽媽在一起媽媽從來不會懷疑。說到兩者中的另一個時，要用定冠詞表示特指。Passage 15閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(2016全國II)If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and iden

32、tify (識別)those of61 (great) and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you' ll feel a62 (achieve). Leaving the less important things until tomorrow 63 (be) often acceptable.Most of us are more focused 64 our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an e

33、arlystart and try to be as productive 65 possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished.Recent 66 (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks 67(regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for 68 while, exercising