必修4第二單元復(fù)習(xí)

1、Model 4 Unit 2Working the land 1.Indeed,his sunburnt face and arms and his slim,strong body are Just like those of millions of Chinese farmers,_whom he has Struggle _the past five decades. forforstruggle for/against/withstruggle to do sthfight for/with/against compete for/with/against1.he joined in

2、the fight _ the flood 2.They are fighting _ their enemy.3.They are fighting _ their enemy againstwithagainst即境運用1.Those climbers struggled_the strong wind and finally reached the top of the mountion.2.He has been_in his business.=He has been_in his business.3.We shall continue_(struggle)pollution. a

3、gainststruggling to succeedstruggling for successto struggle against 1.His father says that he has never regretted _（send）his son to study abroad.2.We regret _ (inform)you that your application has not been successful.3.I regret _I am unable to accept your kind invitation.sendingto informthatConclus

4、ion：1.regret+n/pron. regret+that/wh-從句 regret+to do sth對要作的事感到遺憾regret doing sth.和regret having done sth. 對已經(jīng)作過的事感到后悔即境運用：1.We regret_(hear) that the goods you received are not of the quality expected.2.Jerry did not regret_(give)the comment but felt that he could have expressed it differently.3.I r

5、egret_(tell)you that Tom failed the exams and he regretted_ (not,follow)your advice.to heargivingto tellnot following1.I _(regret,say)that I am unable to help you.2.I _(regret,spend)so much money on a car.3.He told me _(regret)that he could not come to the partyregret to sayregret spendingwith regre

6、t I regret that I cant accept your advice.=I regret_that I cant accept your advice=_that I cant accept your advice.=I _for not accepting your idea.to say Im sorryam regretful/am sorry1.They focus on keeping their soul rich and free of disease.2.On my blog I focus on this aspect and pro- vide ways of

7、 identifying what matters to you.3.If you make it the focus of your career,that Would be phenomenal.集中于關(guān)注焦點，中心Conclusion:1.focus on focus ones attention/eyes/energy on. be focused on/upon sth=be fixed on2.the focus of attention /concern集中于集中注意力/目光/精力于集中于注意力/關(guān)注的焦點keep ones eyes onconcentrateonfix one

8、s eyes/attention /thoughts onsettle down to+ngive/draw/pay ones attention to1.you must _(focus)your work.2.The secretary forgot to type her business letter,_(focus her )an interesting report.3.I would like_(focus)my writing,but it was too noisy.focus/fix/concentrate your attention onfocusing her att

9、ention onto have focused onremark n&vi 評論，評述remark on/upon sth.就發(fā)表評論make remarks on /about對加以評論remark that.評論說e g.The guests remarked on her new dress.evaluate vt 評價，評估，估價evaluate ones chance of success評估某人成功的機會assess vt 估定，評定assess at 把估價為，assess sbs efforts評價某人的工作She remarked how happy I was.她

10、說我是多么的幸福。He remarked on the time.他談到了時間。We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.我們需要對這一政策產(chǎn)生的效果作出評估。assess the effect of his speech on them.評價他的演講對他們的影響。1._the efforts of the headmaster,I can go back to school now.2.His company collapsed_ mismanagement.3.He failed_his careless- ness. 4.She

11、 was fined_over- speed.Thanks toowing todue to because of表示“因為，由于”的短語有：because of ,owing to,due to ,on account of ,result from,for ones sake,for the sake of,as a consequence of/in conse-quence of /as a result of由于,因的結(jié)果1.Use land for the sake of public Interests。為公共利益需要使用土地的2.We made concessions for

12、the sake of peace.為了和平我們做出了讓步.3.she was found guilty,and lost her job in consequence (of it).她被判有罪,因而失去了工作.4. As a consequence of these changes,an enormous number of HIV variants exist worldwide.這些變化的結(jié)果導(dǎo)致一批數(shù)量龐大的HIV變異體存在于世界范圍.1._ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.

13、 A. Improving B. To improve C. Improved D. Having improved 本題考查非謂語動詞作狀語。B2.The American troops tried many times to break into the mosque, _each time. A. beaten back B. only to be beaten back C. being beaten back D. having been beaten back B 3. _ the merry tune, Jack fixed the tire. A. Whistling B. T

14、o whistle C. Whistled D. Having been whistled 4. All night long he lay awake, _ how to drive the American invaders back home. A. to think B. thinking C. thought D. being thoughAB _the door locked, (see) he realized that he would have to turn back in vain again. _her address, I cant write to her to e

15、xpress my gratitude to him.（not know） _her work, she had to work extra hours. (not finish) They sent us their statement,_to get our support（hope）Seeing Not knowing_Not having finishedhoping4._ , the young man is healthy and strong. A. Fully developed B. Fully growing C. Full developing D. Full grown

16、 5. _ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lostAC動詞的-ing形式作主語，賓語的用法 主動式 被動式一般式 doing being done完成式 having done having been done1. 動詞動詞-ing形式是在動詞末形式是在動詞末尾加尾加 -ing ，屬于非謂語動，屬于非謂語動詞。如：詞。如：do-doing, write- writing , sit-sitting , etc.否否定形式：定形式：not

17、+ v-ing 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成2. 動詞動詞-ing形式作主語或賓形式作主語或賓語時，也可稱為動名詞。語時，也可稱為動名詞。1 A. Listening to music is one of my favorite hobbies.B. As we all know, smoking does harm to ones health.動詞-ing形式作主語表示一般或抽象的多次性行為。動詞動詞-ing形式作主語形式作主語 謂語動詞用謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：單數(shù)。如：Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language. Goi

18、ng to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.2 A. Its no use talking to him; he wont change his mind.B. It is simply a waste of time discussing such matters with him.在句型Its + no good (no use, useless,a waste of time, nice .) + doing sth.中，it是形式主語，后面的動詞-ing（短語）作真正的主語。 1 Is it

19、 worthwhile quarrelling with her?2Its no good waiting here. Lets go home. 3It was a waste of time reading that book.3A. Joan suggested asking her father for his opinion. B. We are considering flying to Egypt for the coming holiday.我們可以歸納總結(jié)出動詞-ing形式作賓語的用法特征： 有些動詞后常跟動詞-ing形式作賓語，如第三組例句中的suggest和conside

20、r。常見的這類動詞還有： 常跟動詞常跟動詞ing作賓語的動詞歌訣作賓語的動詞歌訣:考慮建議考慮建議盼原諒，盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲承認(rèn)推遲沒得想，沒得想，避免錯過避免錯過繼續(xù)練，繼續(xù)練，consider, suggest / advise ,look forward to ,excuse ,pardon admit, delay / put off , fancy avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practise 否認(rèn)完成否認(rèn)完成停能賞，停能賞，不禁介意不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡，準(zhǔn)逃亡，不準(zhǔn)冒險不準(zhǔn)冒險憑想象。憑想象。deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / app

21、reciate cant help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape forbid , risk , imagine 2. 有些短語如有些短語如cant help, be used to, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy, be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up等后常接等后常接名詞、代詞或動詞名詞、代詞或動詞-ing形式作賓語。形式

22、作賓語。如：如：Im fond of collecting stamps and coins. 4 A. He made a poor living by selling newspapers on the train.B. The man left the party without saying goodbye to the host.動詞-ing形式還可作介詞的賓語 5 “There is + no”后可以用動詞后可以用動詞-ing形式作主語，表示形式作主語，表示“沒法沒法”。如：如：There was no telling when this might happen again. 沒

23、法預(yù)料這沒法預(yù)料這樣的事什么時候會再發(fā)生。樣的事什么時候會再發(fā)生。There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很難說。他能做什么很難說。注意注意 1.動詞動詞-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是指在動形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)是指在動詞詞-ing形式前面加上邏輯主語來強形式前面加上邏輯主語來強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者，該邏輯主語常為調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者，該邏輯主語常為形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格；形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格；當(dāng)邏輯主語不出現(xiàn)在句首時，可用當(dāng)邏輯主語不出現(xiàn)在句首時，可用人稱代詞的賓格代替形容詞性物主人稱代詞的賓格代替形容詞性物主代詞或用名詞普通格代替名詞的所代詞或用名詞普通

24、格代替名詞的所有格。如：有格。如：Im annoyed about Johns forgetting to pay.2. 動詞動詞-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面形式的否定形式是在其前面加加not，帶有邏輯主語時，帶有邏輯主語時not應(yīng)在動詞應(yīng)在動詞-ing形式之前。如：形式之前。如：Not cleaning her teeth made her smell bad.Your schoolmates not coming home in time made her parents worried.需要注意的問題：需要注意的問題：以下的動詞后面加以下的動詞后面加動詞的不定式動詞的不定式作賓作賓語：語：decide , hope, expect , seem,