【名師A計(jì)劃】2017高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)-第一部分-教材知識(shí)梳理-Unit-5-First-aid課件-新人教版必修5

1、Unit 5Unit 5First aidFirst aid重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞1.aidvt.& n.幫助;援助;資助2.temporaryadj.暫時(shí)的;臨時(shí)的temporarilyadv.暫時(shí)地;臨時(shí)地3.injuryn.傷害;損傷injurevt.傷害;損害injuredadj.受傷的4.bleedvt.& vi.流血bloodn.血液;血統(tǒng)bloodyadj.出血的;血腥的5.barriern.屏障;障礙(物)6.poisonn.毒藥;毒害 vt.毒害;使中毒poisonousadj.有毒的;有害的 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞plexadj.復(fù)雜的complexit

2、yn.復(fù)雜;復(fù)雜性8.varietyn.變化;多樣(化);多變(性)variousadj.各種各樣的9.mildadj.輕微的;溫和的,溫柔的mildlyadv.輕微地;溫和地10.swellvt.& vi.(使)膨脹;隆起swollenadj.腫脹的11.unbearableadj.難以忍受的;不能容忍的bearable(反義詞)adj.可忍受的bearvt.容忍,忍受 vi.開花;結(jié)果12.squeezevt.& vi.榨;擠;壓榨squeezern.榨汁機(jī);壓榨者 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞13.pourvt.& vi.倒;灌;注;滴14.vitaladj.至關(guān)重要

3、的,生死攸關(guān)的vitallyadv.緊要地,生死攸關(guān)地15.tightadj.緊的,牢的;緊密的tightlyadv.緊地,牢牢地tightenvt.& vi.收緊(使)變緊16.firmadj.(動(dòng)作)穩(wěn)定有力的;堅(jiān)定的firmlyadv.堅(jiān)固地;穩(wěn)定地17.ceremonyn.典禮;儀式;禮節(jié)18.braveryn.勇敢;勇氣braveadj.勇敢的bravelyadv.勇敢地 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞19.treatvt.& vi.治療;對(duì)待;款待 n.款待;招待treatmentn.治療;處理20.applyvt.涂,擦;應(yīng)用,運(yùn)用 vi.使用;申請(qǐng),請(qǐng)求;有效appl

4、icationn.申請(qǐng);應(yīng)用applicantn.申請(qǐng)人21.pressuren.壓力;擠壓;壓迫感pressvt.壓,榨,擠;逼迫,強(qiáng)迫 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞1.first aid (對(duì)傷患者的)急救2.fall ill 生病3.electric shock 觸電;電休克4.squeeze out 榨出;擠出5.over and over again 反復(fù);多次6.in place 在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?適當(dāng)7.a number of 若干;許多8.put ones hands on 找到9.make a difference 區(qū)別對(duì)待;有影響,起(重要)作用 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞1.如果燒

5、傷的部位在臂部或腿部,要盡可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心臟的位置。If burns are on arms or legs,keep them higher than the heart,if possible .2.你的皮膚使你感到冷熱、疼痛,它還使你有觸覺。Your skin is where you feel cold,heat,or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.3.約翰正在房間里學(xué)習(xí),這時(shí)他聽到了一聲尖叫。John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.4.正是約翰快捷的動(dòng)作和

6、急救知識(shí)救了斯萊德女士的命。It was Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slades life.5.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),正是約翰敏捷的思維和在學(xué)校學(xué)到的急救技能挽救了斯萊德女士的生命。There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life. The skin,1.which acts as a barrier against disease,poiso

7、ns and the suns harmful rays,is an essential part of your body.So if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.2.Depending(depend) on which layers of the skin are burned,burns are called first,second or third degree burns.First degree burns have 3.an effect only on the top layer of the skin,makin

8、g one feels 4.mildly(mild) painful.Second degree burns include severe sunburn and burns 5.caused(cause) by hot liquids.Third degree burns are often caused by 6.electric(electricity) shocks,burning clothes,or severe petrol fires.These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs unde

9、r the skin.First aid is a very important first step in the 7.treatment(treat) of burns.For first degree burns,place cool,clean,wet cloths on them 8.until the pain is not so bad.For second degree burns,keep cloths cool 9.by putting them back in a basin of cold water,squeezing them out and placing the

10、m on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.If the injuries are second or third degree burns,it is vital 10.to get(get) the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞aidvt.& n.幫助;援助;資助First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone w

11、ho suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到醫(yī)生之前對(duì)突然生病或受傷的人所給予的臨時(shí)性救助。(教材原句P33)常見用法1.aid sb.to do sth.幫助某人做某事aid sb.in/with.在某方面幫助某人2.give/offer/carry out first aid 進(jìn)行急救come to ones aid幫助某人with the aid of sb.=with ones aid在某人的幫助下without the aid of.沒有的幫助in aid of 為了幫助 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)

12、重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞The local community aided us in our investigation.當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)協(xié)助我們調(diào)查。He should be able to read this without the aid of a dictionary.他應(yīng)當(dāng)能夠不用字典就讀懂這個(gè)。 現(xiàn)學(xué)活用完成句子1.你的指導(dǎo)幫她取得了成功。Your guidance aided her to succeed .2.為幫助饑餓的孩子們,我正在搞募捐。Im collecting money in aid of starving children.3.得知我陷入困境后,他立即趕來(lái)幫助我。Having

13、learned that I was in trouble,he came to my aid without delay. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞injuryn.傷害;損害Often the illness or injury is not serious,but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.疾病或者受傷常常不會(huì)很嚴(yán)重,但有時(shí)候快速進(jìn)行急救可能會(huì)挽救生命。(教材原句P33)常見用法escape/avoid injury 未受到傷害do sb.an injury 傷害某人Dont do

14、that.Youll do yourself an injury.別那樣做,你會(huì)把自己弄傷的。 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞拓展延伸injured adj.受傷的;受損害的the injured 傷者He walked away suffering from nothing more than injured pride.他走開了,遭受自尊心受傷的痛苦。詞義辨析1.hurt是普通用語(yǔ),既可指肉體上的傷害,也可指精神上、感情上的傷害。He felt hurt at your words.你的話讓他很傷心。2.injure比hurt正式,多指損害健康、成就、容貌等,強(qiáng)調(diào)功能的損失。A bullet i

15、njured his right eye.一顆子彈傷了他的右眼。3.harm指肉體上、精神上的傷害,也可指引起不安或不便。Dont harm your eyes by reading in dim light.不要在昏暗的燈光下看書,以免損害眼睛。重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞4.damage主要指對(duì)于物的損害,強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)于價(jià)值、用途、外觀等所造成的損失,這種損失或由自然災(zāi)害所致,或由人為造成。Someone damaged my car with a stone.有人用石頭砸壞了我的汽車。5.wound指槍傷、刀傷、刺傷等皮肉之傷,是出血的、嚴(yán)重的傷,特指在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上受的傷。它可以指肉體上的傷害,也可喻指

16、精神上的創(chuàng)傷。The bullet wounded his arm.子彈打傷了他的一只胳膊?，F(xiàn)學(xué)活用單句填空1.All the passengers in the vehicle escaped injury(injure).2.The bus driver was badly injured(injure) on both legs in the traffic accident.3.The injured were rushed to hospital in an ambulance.4.A remote-controlled bomb exploded outside a hotel n

17、ear the town square yesterday,injuring(injure) at least 12 people. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞squeezevt.& vi.擠壓,壓榨;擠,擠入常見用法squeeze sth.out把某物擠出來(lái)squeeze sth.out of/from.把某物從擠出squeeze into/through.擠進(jìn)squeeze up (使)擠緊She squeezed some juice from a lemon.她從一只檸檬中擠出了一些汁。Could you squeeze up and let me sit down?擠一擠讓我坐

18、下好嗎? 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞現(xiàn)學(xué)活用完成句子1.我們倆人如果擠緊點(diǎn),他就有地方了。If we two squeeze up,therell be room for him.2.你是如何擠出更多時(shí)間來(lái)做你想做的事情的?How can you squeeze out more time to do what you want?3.那條狗擠過(guò)了小小的墻洞。The dog squeezed through/into the small hole in the wall. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞vitaladj.至關(guān)重要的;生死攸關(guān)的If the injuries are second or t

19、hird degree burns,it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者三度燒傷,至關(guān)重要的是立即把傷者送去看醫(yī)生或送往醫(yī)院。(教材原句P35)常見用法be vital to.對(duì)至關(guān)重要be of vital importance 是至關(guān)重要的It is vital to do sth.做某事很重要It is vital that.是十分重要的This matter is of vital importance to us.這件事對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)至關(guān)重要。 It is vital that we

20、 move quickly.我們必須快速離開。 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞特別提醒在It is vital that.句型中,that后接的句子使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”,should可以省略?，F(xiàn)學(xué)活用單句填空1.Law and order is vital to a country.2.It is vital to keep(keep) calm when dealing with emergency.3.It is absolutely vital that the matter be kept(keep) secret. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞treatvt.&

21、amp; vi.治療;對(duì)待;款待 n.款待;請(qǐng)客John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slades hands.約翰用這些東西包扎了斯萊德女士手上最嚴(yán)重的傷口。(教材原句P38)常見用法1.treat sb./sth.對(duì)進(jìn)行治療treat.as/like 把當(dāng)作,把視為treat sb.with 對(duì)某人treat sb.to sth.用某物招待某人,以某物款待某人2.be ones treat 由某人請(qǐng)客She was treated for sunstroke.她因中暑而接受治療。 She treats me like

22、 one of the family.她把我當(dāng)作家人來(lái)看待。 Lets go out for dinnermy treat this time.咱們出去吃飯吧這次我請(qǐng)客。 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞拓展延伸treatment n.治療;對(duì)待give sb.emergency treatment 對(duì)某人進(jìn)行緊急治療get/receive treatment接受治療現(xiàn)學(xué)活用單句填空1.The way the guests were treated(treat) in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.2.Treat yourse

23、lf (you) to a glass of wine to help you relax at the end of the day.3.He treats everything I say as/like some kind of joke.4.Workers have got the free medical treatment(treat). 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞applyvt.涂,擦;應(yīng)用,運(yùn)用 vi.使用;申請(qǐng),請(qǐng)求;有效He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and

24、ambulance arrived.他使勁地按住傷口,使血流得慢些,一直等到警察和救護(hù)車的到來(lái)。(教材原句P38)常見用法apply to do sth.申請(qǐng)做某事apply to.適用于,向申請(qǐng)apply.to.將應(yīng)用于apply (to sb).for sth.向(某人)申請(qǐng)apply oneself to (doing) sth.致力(做)某事The nurse applied the ointment to the wound.護(hù)士把藥膏敷到傷口上。This rule cannot be applied to every case.這條規(guī)則不是所有情況都適用。 He applied h

25、imself to learning French.他致力于學(xué)習(xí)法語(yǔ)。 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞拓展延伸applicant n.申請(qǐng)者application n.申請(qǐng);申請(qǐng)表;適用applied adj.實(shí)用的,應(yīng)用的現(xiàn)學(xué)活用單句填空1.They can better apply theory to practice in this way.2.The position,however,for which you are applying,is not quite a well-paid one.3.Many applicants(apply)have applied to the compa

26、ny for the only position available.4.Applied(apply) Chemistry is a branch of Chemistry. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞fall ill 生病First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到醫(yī)生之前對(duì)突然生病或受傷的人所給予的臨時(shí)性救助。(教材原句P33)She may fall ill,in which

27、case she will have to be taken to the hospital at once.她可能病了。如果是這樣,就得馬上送她去醫(yī)院。 She had to stay home because her son fell ill.因?yàn)閮鹤由×?所以她必須待在家里。 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞拓展延伸fall asleep 入睡fall apart 土崩瓦解fall behind 落后fall off 跌落,下降fall over被絆倒,跌倒fall in love with.愛上fall into the habit of.養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞現(xiàn)學(xué)活用用fall

28、構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填空1.If you dont try your best to learn all subjects,you will fall behind.2.He couldnt fall asleep last night,because he was thinking how to finish his work early.3.The deal fell apart when we failed to agree on the price.4.I rushed for the door and fell over the cat in the hallway.5.Be car

29、eful not to fall off the ladder. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞in place 適當(dāng);在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢肏old the bandage in place with tape.用膠布把繃帶固定。(教材原句P35)She likes to have everything in place.她喜歡把所有東西都擺放整齊。 Ensure the guard is in place before operating the machine.確保防護(hù)罩放好后再開機(jī)器。 拓展延伸out of place位置不當(dāng);不得體,不相稱in ones place=in place of代替in

30、the first place 最初;首先;第一take place 發(fā)生take ones place 就座;替代take the place of=take ones place代替,替代 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞現(xiàn)學(xué)活用用place的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)完成句子1.我們可用塑料來(lái)代替木材或金屬。We can use plastics in place of wood or metal.2.在離開辦公室之前,應(yīng)把所有物品擺放好。Before you leave the office,everything should be put in place.3.他那番坦白話實(shí)在不適合在宴會(huì)上說(shuō)。His fra

31、nk statements were really out of place at the party.4.我們沒有誰(shuí)能代替約翰工作。We had no one to take the place of John. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞make a difference 有區(qū)別;有關(guān)系;有影響;起(重要)作用It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.這表明懂得急救知識(shí)的確能發(fā)揮重要的作用。(教材原句P38)常見用法make a difference to.對(duì)起作用/有影響make some/no/mu

32、ch difference 有關(guān)系/沒有關(guān)系/有很大關(guān)系The sea air has made a difference to her health.海上的空氣改善了她的健康狀況。 Your age shouldnt make any difference to whether you get the job or not.你能否得到這份工作應(yīng)該與你的年齡無(wú)關(guān)。 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞拓展延伸tell the difference (between.and.)辨別(與的)不同be of no/little/much/great difference沒有/幾乎沒有/有很大/有巨大作用現(xiàn)學(xué)活用

33、單句填空1.It makes no difference to me whether you like it or not,because I never listen to you.2.What difference will it make if he knows or not?3.Can you tell the difference between the two words? 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞There is no doubt that.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skil

34、ls he learned at school saved Ms Slades life.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),是約翰敏捷的思維和在學(xué)校學(xué)到的急救技能挽救了斯萊德女士的生命。(教材原句P38)There is no doubt that Mary is qualified for the job.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),瑪麗適合做這項(xiàng)工作。There is some doubt whether he will be elected.他是否能當(dāng)選還不太確定。 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞拓展延伸There is no doubt/denying that.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)There is some doubt whether.不太確

35、定是否There is no doubt about sth.關(guān)于某事毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)sb.has no doubt that/about.某人不懷疑sb.has some doubt whether/if.某人懷疑是否特別提醒doubt前有否定詞時(shí),后面的從句用that引導(dǎo),否則用whether引導(dǎo)。現(xiàn)學(xué)活用單句填空1.There is no doubt that your success has resulted from your hard work.2.There is no doubt about his role in the robbery.3.There is some doubt w

36、hether he is suitable for the job. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞if possibleIf burns are on arms or legs,keep them higher than the heart,if possible.如果燒傷的部位在臂部或腿部,要盡可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心臟的位置。(教材原句P35)if possible“如果可能的話”,是if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句的省略形式,相當(dāng)于if it is possible。拓展延伸if so如果是這樣if not如果不是的話,如果沒有的話if any 如果有的話if ever 如果曾經(jīng)有的話,如果發(fā)生過(guò)的話

37、if necessary如果有必要的話 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)句型重點(diǎn)單詞Will you be free this evening?If so,lets go to the concert together.你今晚有空嗎?如果有,我們一起去聽音樂會(huì)吧。If necessary,I will go there myself.如果有必要的話,我將親自去那兒一趟?，F(xiàn)學(xué)活用用if的省略結(jié)構(gòu)填空1.Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?Yes,if possible,Im going to visit some homes for th

38、e old in the city.2.I hear Alice was badly injured in the accident and sent to hospital.If so,we should go and see her immediately.3.Is anybody feeling cold?If not,lets open the windows.4.He seldom,if ever,reads a book.5.Correct the errors in the following sentences,if any. 一、單句填空1.(2015新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷改編)Ove

39、r the years,Parisian cafes (fall) victim to changes in the French lifestylelonger working hours,a fast-food boom and a younger generations desire to spend more time at home.1.have fallen。由over the years可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。句意:近年來(lái),巴黎的咖啡館成了法國(guó)生活方式變化的犧牲品工作時(shí)間變長(zhǎng),快餐業(yè)興盛,年輕人更喜歡待在家中。2.(2015北京高考改編)Many studies show that

40、 older parentstodays grandparentswould have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been barrier.2.a。barrier作“障礙,障礙物”講為可數(shù)名詞,此處應(yīng)用不定冠詞表泛指。句意:許多研究表明,如果交流手段和成本不是交流的障礙的話,上一代家長(zhǎng),即現(xiàn)在的祖父母?jìng)兘o子女打電話的頻率會(huì)更高。3.(2015北京高考改編)Electronic wastes also contain many (poison) metals.3.poiso

41、nous。所填詞作定語(yǔ)修飾metals,應(yīng)用形容詞poisonous“有毒的”。句意:電子垃圾還包括很多有毒的金屬。4.(2015湖南高考改編)While finding information is easier than ever,at the same time,researching has become complex.4.more。從句中用了比較級(jí)詞easier,主句也應(yīng)用比較級(jí)形式與之匹配。句意:盡管查詢信息比以往更容易了,但與此同時(shí)科研卻變得更復(fù)雜了。5.(2015江蘇高考改編)In many countries the concept of extended producer

42、 responsibility is being considered or has been put place as an incentive(鼓勵(lì))for reducing waste.5.in。句意:在很多國(guó)家,生產(chǎn)者責(zé)任延伸制的理念正在被人們考慮或者已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備將其轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)踐,以鼓勵(lì)人們減少垃圾。put.in place“把放在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?將準(zhǔn)備就緒”。 6.The(damage) ship managed with difficulty to get back to port.6.damaged。此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞形式的形容詞作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞ship,意為“受損的”。7.(2015江蘇高考改編)The number of smokers,as is reported,(drop) by 17 percent in just one year.7.has dropped。in just one year為時(shí)間段,再結(jié)合定語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)可知,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)表示結(jié)果;the number of短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,故填has dropped。句意:據(jù)報(bào)道,吸煙者人數(shù)僅一年之內(nèi)就減少了17%。8