牛津英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理

1、 八年級(jí)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)Unit1一.【精選詞匯】重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. the changes to Sunshine Town陽(yáng)光鎮(zhèn)的變化the changes to 的變化 (p8)知識(shí)鏈接change n.變化，常用復(fù)數(shù)changes。 e.g. Great changes have taken place since 1995.2. in the southern part of town in the southern part of在的南部south southern知識(shí)鏈接east東部eastern東部的, west western, north northern3. in the past在

2、過去at present現(xiàn)在in the future未來(lái)；將來(lái)，注意這些短語(yǔ)中的介詞和冠詞。4. turn the place into a park turninto把變成知識(shí)鏈接Heat turns water into vapor.熱使水變成蒸氣。Turn this sentence into English.5. play cards and Chinese chess打牌、下象棋，e.g. Its pleasant to play cards and Chinese chess.6. water pollution水污染air pollution空氣污染，noise polluti

3、on噪音污染 (p9)知識(shí)鏈接Water pollution was a problem before. 7. used to dump its waste into water used to do sth過去常做某事，注意否定式、疑問式的形式知識(shí)鏈接used to do sth 否定式used not to do sth或didnt use to do sth疑問式Did sb use to do sth?或Used sb to do sth? There be和used to合用的形式為There used to be。根據(jù)要求進(jìn)行句型轉(zhuǎn)換：She used to teach histo

4、ry. 否定式：She used teach history.或She didnt teach history. 疑問式： she teach history?或Did she teach history?用法拓展be used to do sthbe used for doing sth被用于做某事，e.g. Stamps are used to send letters.Stamps are used for sending letters. be/become/get used to sth習(xí)慣于某事，be/become/get used to doing sth習(xí)慣于做某事，e.g.

5、My grandma used to live in the city but now she has got used to the country life. Tom is used to getting up early.8. in some ways在某種程度上；在某些方面in this way以這種方式9. feel a bit lonely from time to time from time to timeat timessometimes有時(shí)；不時(shí)地知識(shí)鏈接a bit形容詞原級(jí)或比較級(jí)a little形容詞原級(jí)或比較級(jí)，有點(diǎn) a bit of不可數(shù)名詞a little不可數(shù)名

6、詞 e.g. a bit of watera little water用法拓展not a littlevery非常，not a bitnotat all一點(diǎn)也不10. throw away扔掉“動(dòng)詞副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，e.g. throw it/them away11. have an interview with sbinterview sb采訪某人；對(duì)某人面試；與某人面談 (p12)知識(shí)鏈接My parents have had an interview with my teacher. They interviewed 20 people for the job. There are a num

7、ber of interviews with some famous football players.12. the best model I have ever seen 我曾見過的最好的模型 (p17)知識(shí)鏈接the形容詞最高級(jí)名詞單數(shù)sb have/has ever done，某人曾做過的最的 the most wonderful film (that) he has ever watched他看過的最精彩的比賽用法拓展ever通常用于疑問句中或否定句中。e.g. Have/Has sb ever done sth? Nobody ever stepped in this cavern

8、.沒人曾經(jīng)踏進(jìn)過這洞穴。 ever since自從起到現(xiàn)在(用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))，for everforever永遠(yuǎn)；永久地13. move into the new flatsmove into搬進(jìn)，move out of搬出 (p18)14. lend me a booklend sb sthlend sth to sb把某物借給某人，是“借出”。知識(shí)鏈接borrow sth from sb向某人借某物，是“借入”。15. a recent photo一張近期照片，write about the changes to Moonlight Town (p21)16. a tourist attr

9、action旅游勝地attraction n. 吸引；向往的地方attract vt.吸引attractive有吸引力的It has become a new tourist attraction. Hepburns beauty and charm attracted Colettes attention. 詞匯解析1. 常見的交通工具：bike/bicycle, bus, double-decker雙層巴士, coach長(zhǎng)途汽車, tram有軌電車, taxi, train, underground, light rail輕軌, plane, hot-air balloon熱氣球, aer

10、o done滑翔機(jī)2. Using a dictionary: The words in a dictionary are in alphabetical order from “A” to “Z”. This helps us find the words we want quickly. If two words starts with the same letter, we look at the second letter to decide the alphabetical order. If the first two letters of two words are the sa

11、me, we look at the third letter, and so on. e.g. The word “ball” comes before the word “banana”.3. centuryone hundred years世紀(jì)；百年。某世紀(jì)用序數(shù)詞。如：21世紀(jì)the twenty-first century?！霸谀呈兰o(jì)”用介詞in，如：in the 20th century在20世紀(jì)。二.【重點(diǎn)句型】1. Eddie, have you seen my food? Yes, Ive just eaten it. (p6)2. Youve changed, Eddie.

12、 You were kind. Now youre not. I dont want to play with you any more.3. Youve changed too. You always wanted to play with me. always過去式used to do sth4. Coaches have been in use/service in Beijing since 1958. have been in usehave been used 5. I moved here with my family when I was two years old and h

13、ave lived here since then. (p8)6. Have you ever moved house? move house搬家7. We lived till 1965, when I got married. get married結(jié)婚get/be married to sb與某人結(jié)婚知識(shí)鏈接marry sb與某人結(jié)婚，e.g. She married a football player. marry sb to sb把某人嫁給某人，e.g. He married his daughter to an actor. get/be married to sb和某人結(jié)婚，e.

14、g. Yao Ming got married to Ye Li on 6 August, 2007. 表示“已經(jīng)結(jié)婚”用have/has got married，表示“已經(jīng)結(jié)婚多久”用have/has been married for時(shí)間段或since時(shí)間點(diǎn)。e.g. They have got married. They have been married for 5 years.不能說(shuō)成They have got married for 5 years.用法拓展marriage n.婚姻e.g. They will celebrate their fifty years of marri

15、age next month.8. Has Sunshine Town changed a lot over the years? change a lot變化大知識(shí)鏈接over the yearsin the last/past years這些年來(lái)，這是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一個(gè)標(biāo)志。9. There once was a shoe factory. There once was/wereOnce there was/were從前有。10. Later, the government realized it was a very serious problem and took action to r

16、educe the pollution. take action to do sth采取行動(dòng)做某事，reduce the pollution減少污染 (p9)知識(shí)鏈接action (拍攝影視時(shí)用語(yǔ))開始 動(dòng)作，e.g. action film動(dòng)作片，action star動(dòng)作明星a very serious problem非常嚴(yán)重的問題problem(需要著手解決的)問題；難題，question(需要回答的)問題 e.g. solve a Maths problem, answer my question11. It is different for him to see some of th

17、em as often as before. (p12)知識(shí)鏈接It isadj.for sb to do sth. as often as before像以前一樣經(jīng)常asas12. Things have changed a lot over the years.Great changes have taken place over the years. 13. When I was in primary school, my mother took me to school. take sb to school送某人上學(xué)14. I have the same feeling too. Do

18、 you sometimes stay after school to chat with friends? (p19)15. The changes to Moonlight Town have brought advantages, but they have also caused many problems for people. (p22)知識(shí)鏈接bring advantages to 給帶來(lái)好處，advantage優(yōu)點(diǎn)；有利條件disvantage缺點(diǎn)；不利條件 cause problems for給帶來(lái)麻煩Unit2一.【精選詞匯】重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. go on a trip to S

19、outh Hill go on a trip to去某地旅游 (p24)2. take you out for a few days帶你出去玩幾天take sb out帶某人出去3. go hiking, go skiing gov-ing去做某事，see/enjoy the beautiful view觀看/欣賞美景 (p25)4. a symbol of Japan the symbol of的象征，e.g. Red is the symbol of danger.紅色是危險(xiǎn)的象征。5. have a really fantastic timehave a good/great/wonde

20、rful timehave funenjoy oneself (p26)6. at the entrance在入口處 at the exit在出口處7. move at high speed高速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)at a speed of以的速度，at a speed of 100 km an hour8. scream and laugh through the whole ride through從物體的內(nèi)部穿過9. a fast food restaurant快餐店fast food快餐，國(guó)際著名快餐店：KFC肯德基，McDonalds麥當(dāng)勞10. clap and stream with joy高興

21、地拍手尖叫 介詞短語(yǔ)with joy相當(dāng)于副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。 (p27)11. watch a three-D film，watch fireworks, look shiny and beautiful under the fireworks12. in all總共；共計(jì)first of all首先13. scream with excitement興奮地尖叫 with excitementexcitedly激動(dòng)地；興奮地 (p28)知識(shí)鏈接exciteexcited興奮的exciting令人興奮的；扣人心弦的；刺激的excitement n.激動(dòng)，興奮with excitementexcite

22、dly，be excited about (doing) sth對(duì)興奮14. a really delightful holiday and a meaningful experience一個(gè)高興的假期、一次有意義的經(jīng)歷知識(shí)鏈接experience n.(C)經(jīng)歷；e.g. He had a pleasant experience in Hong Kong last year.n.(U)經(jīng)驗(yàn)experienced adj.經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的，have experience in (doing) sthbe experienced in (doing) sth在某方面有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，e.g. He has ex

23、perience in teaching English.He is experienced in teaching English. Dr Ma has much experience in eye operations.Dr Ma is experienced in eye operations. Chow Yun Fat is an experienced actor. He has acted in many action films.15. buy a gift for my parents buy sth for sbbuy sb sth (gift比present高雅) (p33

24、)16. travel abroad到國(guó)外旅游go abroad出國(guó)，e.g. He has gone abroad for further studies. (p35)17. during this May Day holiday在“五一”假期里during是介詞，后面不能接句子。18. three and a half hours三個(gè)半小時(shí)one/an hour一小時(shí)，half an hour半小時(shí)one and a half hours一個(gè)半小時(shí)，two and a half hours兩個(gè)半小時(shí) (p38)19. have a birds-eye view of Hong Kong h

25、ave a birds-view of鳥瞰；俯視20. a modern city of tall buildings with lights shining in the evening高樓林立、燈火輝煌的現(xiàn)代化城市 with lights shining作后置定語(yǔ)，lights與shining是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。用法拓展He sleeps with windows closed. 21. the cultural centre of Hong Kong香港的文化中心the cultural centre文化中心知識(shí)鏈接culture n.文化cultural adj.文化的 e.g. popula

26、r culture大眾文化 Venice is a beautiful city full of culture and history.威尼斯是一座具有深厚文化和歷史底蘊(yùn)的美麗城市。用法拓展nature natural, centrecentral22. a good place to buy things，enjoy that day most, have great fun，a seafood restaurant, desserts and snacks，enjoy our trip to Hong Kong詞匯解析1. popular tourist attractions(旅游勝地

27、)：Mount Fuji富士山，the Great Wall，the Leaning Tower of Pisa比薩斜塔，the Little Mermaid小美人魚，the Statue of Liberty自由女神像，the Tower Bridge倫敦塔橋，Big Ben大本鐘，the Grand Palace(泰國(guó))大王宮，the Pattaya Beach(泰國(guó))芭堤雅海灘，Ocean Park(香港)海洋公園，Window of the World(深圳)世界之窗。 (p25)2. Hong Kong Disneyland(香港迪士尼樂園)的四大主題公園(theme park)：M

28、ain Street USA(美國(guó)小鎮(zhèn)大街)，Tomorrowland(明日世界)，F(xiàn)antasyland(幻想世界)，Adventureland(探險(xiǎn)世界)。3.cheerfulcheerless, colourfulcolourless, carefulcareless, hopefulhopelessmeaningfulmeaningless, helpfulhelpless, harmfulharmless, usefuluseless delightful, wonderful, successful endless, noiselessquiet二.【重點(diǎn)句型】1. It must

29、 be fun. Can I join you?一定很有趣。我能和你一起去嗎？(p24)知識(shí)鏈接情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must(表示推測(cè))一定，用于肯定句，反義詞：cant不可能。may可能，may not可能不。Probably, Perhaps, Maybe都是副詞，通常用于句首。join sb和某人一起做某事，e.g. Kitty joined them in the Disney parade.2. I havent seen you since last month. see是瞬間動(dòng)詞 (p26)知識(shí)鏈接瞬間動(dòng)詞與表示一段時(shí)間的詞同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句中，不能變?yōu)檠永m(xù)性動(dòng)詞。3. I met

30、 many of my favourite Disney characters, such as Sleeping Beauty, Snow White, Alice and Cinderella, Mickey Mouse and all his friends were all there too. 4. I couldnt stop taking photos with them. cant/couldnt stop doing sth禁不住做某事知識(shí)鏈接cant/couldnt help doing sth禁不住做某事，cant/couldnt wait to do sth迫不及待做某

31、事。用法拓展stop doing sth停止做某事，stop to do sth停下來(lái)去做某事。5. The performers all wore different costumes and waved to people while they marched across the park, singing and dancing all the way. all the way一路上 (p27)知識(shí)鏈接wave to sb向某人招手/揮手wave n.波；波浪 march across邁步穿越 singing and dancing all the way是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作伴隨狀態(tài)。6

32、. Im sure youll love it.你一定會(huì)喜歡的。Im sure that sb will do sth.Sb is sure to do sth.知識(shí)鏈接Im sure that he will win the match.He is sure to win the match.7. The line of people outside Space Mountain was endless. We thought it was hopeless to wait in the line.太空山外人們排的隊(duì)伍不見盡頭。我們?cè)詾榕挪簧详?duì)了。 (p30)知識(shí)鏈接endless無(wú)盡的；

33、無(wú)休止的，e.g. endless love We have endless homework to do. wait in the line排隊(duì)等候 Sb thoughtthat從句，某人原以為。8. Im watching an interesting TV programme. It started at 7 p.m. and has been on for haf an hour.知識(shí)鏈接be onbe shown放映 be on show展出, e.g. Many old things are on show in the museum. When we reached the ci

34、nema yesterday, the film had been on/shown for 5 minutes.9. She must be happy now, isnt she? She must be happy yesterday, wasnt she ? (p33)知識(shí)鏈接must一定，表示推測(cè)時(shí)，反意疑問句中的附加疑問部分應(yīng)以時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為準(zhǔn)。10. Spring is the best time for visiting Chinese garden. Chinese garden中國(guó)園林 (p35)知識(shí)鏈接the best time for doing sththe best t

35、ime to do sth做某事的最佳時(shí)節(jié) e.g. Autumn is the best time for visiting the Fragrant Hill.Autumn is the best time to visit the Fragrant Hill.11. Do you have any ideas about what to do for May Day holiday? 12. By the way, how long does it take to fly to Singapore? Sorry, I dont know, but I can check it for y

36、ou. by the way順便問一下，check sth for sb替某人核實(shí)某事知識(shí)鏈接It takes sb some time to do sth. How long does it take sb to do sth?13. The day of our trip to Hong Kong finally arrived. My parents and I were excited about this special trip because we all wanted to visit Disneyland and take photos with the cute carto

37、on characters. the day of ones trip to某人去某地旅行的那一天 (p38)知識(shí)鏈接be excited about (doing) sth對(duì)(做)某事感到興奮 take photos拍照，take photos with 和拍照 cutelovely可愛的14. The weather in Hong Kong is quite different from that in Beijing.香港的天氣與北京不同。知識(shí)鏈接在asas, not as/soas, the same as, be different from或形容詞、副詞的比較等級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為

38、不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，后者用that代替。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，后者用those代替。e.g. Usually the pollution in big cities is much more serious than that in the countries. There are more books in our library than those in theirs.15. I hope I can visit there again some day. I hopethat引導(dǎo)的一般將來(lái)時(shí)或can從句。知識(shí)鏈接some dayone day有朝一日；(將來(lái)的)一天。one day還表示過去的

39、“某一天”。16. I left a book at Millies home. leave sth地點(diǎn)，把某物忘在某處；forget忘記某事。知識(shí)鏈接The forgetful man often leaves his bag on buses. Why werent you at the meeting? Sorry, I forgot.Unit3一.【精選詞匯】重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. I have no idea.Ive no idea.I dont know.我不知道。 (p40)2. turn on the TV turn on/off打開/關(guān)閉，turn up/down調(diào)大/調(diào)低；都是“動(dòng)詞

40、副詞”。3. change the channel換臺(tái)on Channel在臺(tái)，e.g. on CCTV-5拓展：the English Channel英吉利海峽4. different uses of computers計(jì)算機(jī)的不同用途：draw and design, play computer games, search for information, send and receive e-mails收發(fā)電子郵件, do word processing進(jìn)行文字處理, write computer programs編寫計(jì)算機(jī)程序 (p41)5. travel around the wor

41、ld in eight hours八小時(shí)環(huán)游地球，educational CD-ROM教育軟件 (p42)6. come out (書等)出版，發(fā)行，發(fā)表，不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，可以轉(zhuǎn)化為be published。知識(shí)鏈接When will her new novel come out?When will her new novel be published?用法拓展(太陽(yáng)、月亮或星星)出現(xiàn)；露出，e.g. The rained stopped and the sun came out. (花朵)開放；(草)出芽，e.g. In March flowers and grass come out.7

42、. learn English and geography at the same time同時(shí)學(xué)英語(yǔ)和地理at the same time同時(shí)知識(shí)鏈接learn and play at the same time邊學(xué)邊玩8. the main character主角play the main character ofplay the lead role of知識(shí)鏈接play the role扮演，the best actor最佳男主角，the best actress最佳女主角9. have/get itchy feet渴望旅行，e.g. She has gone to Australias

43、he has always had itchy feet.10. help you learn English by testing your knowledge of English grammar and vocabulary (p43)知識(shí)鏈接by介詞，通過某種方法、手段，后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing。He made a living by selling flowers. You can know more about the news by reading todays newspaper. have a knowledge of有某方面的知識(shí)，e.g. He has a wide kno

44、wledge of painting.他在繪畫方面知識(shí)淵博。Knowledge is power.知識(shí)就是力量。11. one of the best on the market市面上最暢銷的一種12. choose one icon in the menu在菜單里選擇一個(gè)圖標(biāo)，click on it for more details點(diǎn)擊它以了解詳情click on點(diǎn)擊，left double-click on左鍵雙擊13. open my new e-dictionary on my computer打開我電腦上的新電子詞典(p48)知識(shí)鏈接“打開”電腦的軟件用open不用turn on。用

45、法拓展英漢詞典an English-Chinese dictionary，漢英詞典a Chinese-English dictionary查字典：look up a word in a dictionary或look a word up in a dictionary14. restart the computer重新啟動(dòng)電腦 start vt.啟動(dòng)；開始 restart重新啟動(dòng)知識(shí)鏈接re部分動(dòng)詞再，e.g. rebuild重建，reuse循環(huán)使用，retell復(fù)述用法拓展set offstart off出發(fā)；動(dòng)身，set about doing sth開始做某事，著手做某事15. chec

46、k the settings檢查設(shè)置，double-click on the “auto-run” icon雙擊“自動(dòng)運(yùn)行”圖標(biāo)，double-click on the icon for “Tour” double-click on theicondouble-click on the icon for雙擊圖標(biāo)，put in the CD-ROM插入光盤16. connect the keyboard to the computer properly正確地連接鍵盤和電腦知識(shí)鏈接connect A to B連接A和B be connected to與連接 proper adj.正確的proper

47、ly17. grow an inch長(zhǎng)一英寸，grow to six feet long長(zhǎng)到六英尺長(zhǎng) A foot is equal to 12 inches.18. daily Englisheveryday English日常英語(yǔ)daily newspaper日?qǐng)?bào)，Xinhua Daily新華日?qǐng)?bào)19. go on short tours of Australia and New Zealand去澳大利亞和新西蘭短期旅行 (p52)20. be hidden in somewhere in the Arctic被藏在北極的某個(gè)地方be hidden地點(diǎn)，被藏在21. the treasur

48、e box百寶箱treasure hunt尋寶 (p55)詞匯解析1. online adj.聯(lián)網(wǎng)的；在線的e.g. chat online網(wǎng)上聊天，order a package online網(wǎng)上訂購(gòu)一套2. reach vt.到達(dá)get toarrive at/in 達(dá)到，e.g. reach 18 years old年滿18歲 The child isnt tall enough to reach the snacks on the table. reach out a hand伸出一只手3. correctly adv.正確地correct adj.正確的incorrectincorr

49、ectly vt.改正；修正，e.g. correct a mistake改正錯(cuò)誤 correct正確的wrong錯(cuò)誤的，in the correct order按正確順序4. educate v.教育education n.教育educational adj.教育的，e.g. educate oneself自修；培養(yǎng) be educated at school在學(xué)校里受教育 have a good education受到良好教育5. knowledge n.知識(shí)know vt.知道be known to sb為某人所知，be well known/famous for因而出名，be know

50、n as作為而出名，e.g. Samuel Clemens, who was known as Mark Twain, was a famous American writer. 塞繆斯·克萊門斯，以馬克·吐溫知名，是美國(guó)名作家。6. point n.分?jǐn)?shù) e.g. get 100 points得100分 n.小數(shù)點(diǎn) e.g. 1.732讀作one point seven three two v.指 e.g. point out指出，point at/to指向7. regards(用于信函的結(jié)尾或轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)問候)致意；問候regard sb as把某人視為8. company簡(jiǎn)寫

51、作Co.，e.g.有限公司company limitedCo., Lducer制作人；制造商。9. 使用計(jì)算機(jī)Office word常用短語(yǔ)：create a file創(chuàng)建文檔，keep/save the file for future use保存該文檔以備用。“收發(fā)電子郵件”send and receive e-mails需要“電子信箱”e-mail address。10. control n.(鍵盤上的)控制鍵 vt.控制 e.g. The traffic lights are controlled by a central computer.交通信號(hào)燈由中心計(jì)算機(jī)控制。Thi

52、s knob controls the volume.此旋鈕調(diào)節(jié)音量。二.【重點(diǎn)句型】1. What do you use your computer for? I usually use it to search for information. (p41)知識(shí)鏈接Whatfor?Why?為什么? e.g. What did you do that for?Why did you do that?2. It sounds interesting, doesnt it? “陳述句附加疑問？”構(gòu)成反意疑問句。 (p42)附加疑問即“助動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞的否定式縮寫主語(yǔ)或there”；附加疑問部分的助動(dòng)

53、詞必須與陳述句保持一致，主語(yǔ)必須是人稱代詞或there，并與陳述句主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。前肯定后否定；前否定后肯定。尤其要注意“前否定后肯定”答語(yǔ)的英漢差異。反意疑問句的答語(yǔ)為“Yes, 主語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞.”或“No, 主語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞的否定式”。 e.g. Simon didnt take part in the football match, did he? Yes, he did. Though he wasnt feeling well. 西蒙沒有參加足球賽，是嗎？不，他參加了。盡管他當(dāng)時(shí)不舒服。3. One day, he was lying on the grass and looking a

54、t the beautiful blue sky, when he fell asleep and had a very strange dream.一天，他躺在草地上，看著美麗的藍(lán)天，不知不覺間睡著了，并做了個(gè)奇怪的夢(mèng)。lie 躺lieslyinglaylain 說(shuō)謊lieslyingliedlied 位于lieslyingliedlied知識(shí)鏈接lie意思是“躺”，常用于lie down躺下，find sb/sth lying地點(diǎn) She found a purse lying on the ground. I found a homeless man lying at the street corner. fall asleep睡著，e.g. He fell asleep when he was watching TV. have/dream adream做了一個(gè)的夢(mèng)，e.g. have/dream a strange dream用法拓展lie 說(shuō)謊，e.g. You could see from his face that he was lying. tell a lie說(shuō)謊位于，e.g. Jiangsu lies in the east of China.4. See those big clouds of different colours with questi