both--either--neither用法及練習(xí)習(xí)題

1、both, either, neither用法各不同 both, either, neither這三個(gè)詞都可以作代詞及形容詞，在考試中頻頻亮相，許多同學(xué)都容易將他們混淆，現(xiàn)將它們的用法歸納如下，讓大家看個(gè)明白，輕輕松松掌握它們的詞義、詞性及用法。簡表說明：一、Both用法淺談Both可作形容詞、代詞或副詞用，意思是“兩個(gè)”、“雙方”、“兩個(gè)都”。在句中可作主語、賓語或同位語。如：Both are right.兩者都對。(主語)I like both.兩個(gè)我都喜歡。(賓語)Both可參與構(gòu)成名詞詞組，也可和動(dòng)詞連用，還可與and構(gòu)成并列連詞。在使用時(shí)，要注意下列幾點(diǎn)：1、Both和both of

2、后都可接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，構(gòu)成名詞詞組。但Both后的名詞前可有定冠詞、指示代詞或物主代詞作修飾限定，也可沒有；both of后的名詞前卻一定要有定冠詞、指示代詞或物主代詞作修飾限定。如：可以說both(the these，her) children；也可以說both of the(these，her)children；但一般不說both of children。Both of后可接人稱代詞賓格，both后則不可；但人稱代詞賓格后可接both。可以說both of us(you，them)，一般不說both us(you，them)，但可以說us(you，them)both。2、Both與動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)，

3、大多數(shù)放在系動(dòng)詞be之后，其它動(dòng)詞之前。如：His parents are both workers. They both enjoy reading.3、Both可與and構(gòu)成并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)性質(zhì)相同并在句中作相同成分的并行結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Both he and his brother are good at English.(連接兩個(gè)主語)She can both dance and sing.(連接兩個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞)Mary is both kind and beautiful.(連接兩個(gè)表語)4、含both的句子變?yōu)榉穸〞r(shí)，是將both改為neither。如：當(dāng)肯定句為Both of the

4、boys are clever.(兩個(gè)男孩都聰明)時(shí)，否定句當(dāng)為Neither of the boys are clever.(兩個(gè)男孩都不聰明)。Both后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，neither后接單數(shù)名詞，動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)也要隨之變化。若把句子變?yōu)锽oth of the boys are not clever，則是不完全否定。意思是：并不是兩個(gè)男孩都聰明(一個(gè)聰明一個(gè)愚笨)。5、含bothand的句子變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí)，將bothand改為neithernor.，連接的兩個(gè)部分若是名詞，可以是單數(shù)，也可以是復(fù)數(shù)。如：I know both the man and the woman. 我既認(rèn)識(shí)那男子，也認(rèn)識(shí)那

5、婦女。說明：作為關(guān)聯(lián)并列連詞，它通常應(yīng)連接兩個(gè)相同性質(zhì)的句子成分，但有時(shí)后一成分可能省略與前一成分相同的詞。另外，若連接兩個(gè)成分作主語，謂語總是用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Both she and I are good at English. 她和我都擅長英語。Both teaching and research work are making great strides. 教學(xué)與科研都在大踏步前進(jìn)。二、either.or. .or.意為"或者或者；不是就是"之意。表示兩者之一，連接句子中兩個(gè)并列的成分。例如： When the girl is happy, she either sing

6、s or dances. 那個(gè)女孩高興時(shí)，不是唱就是跳。(此句中either.or.連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)橹髡Z是單數(shù)第三人稱，謂語動(dòng)詞要用其相應(yīng)的形式。) either.or.連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，其謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與最近的一個(gè)主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，這就是我們通常說的"就近原則"。例如： Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 2.注意：如果把上句變成一般疑問句，助動(dòng)詞形式與主語you保持一致，所以要用are提問，而不是am。例如： Are either you or I going there tomorro

7、w 明天是你還是我去那里 Either you or he has lunch at school. 其一般疑問句應(yīng)為：Do either you or he have lunch at school 是你還是他在學(xué)校吃午飯 3. 若要對either.or.句型進(jìn)行否定時(shí)，只需把either.or.換成neither.nor.即可。例如： Either you or she is good at drawing. 變?yōu)榉穸ň鋺?yīng)為：Neither you nor she is good at drawing. 你和她都不擅長繪畫。 4. either用在否定句的句末，表示"也"

8、;的意思。例如： If you don't go there. I won't, either. 如果你不去那里，我也不去。 三、neither.nor. 1. neither.nor.表示"既不也不"。其含義是否定的，可連接任意兩個(gè)并列的成份。例如： She likes neither butter nor cheese. 她既不喜歡黃油也不喜歡乳酪。此句中neither.nor.連接兩個(gè)賓語。當(dāng)neither.nor.連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，也應(yīng)遵循"就近原則"。例如： Neither dad nor mum is at home today

9、. 今天父母都不在家。 2.若將neither.nor.句型變?yōu)榭隙ň?，只需把neither.nor.改為both.and.即可，同時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如： Both dad and mum are at home today. 今天父母都在家。 還可以單獨(dú)使用neither作主語，表示"兩者中沒有一個(gè)"。例如： Neither of them likes football. 他們倆都不喜歡足球。 3. neither或nor還有另外一種用法，就是當(dāng)表達(dá)一個(gè)人沒有做某事，另一個(gè)人也沒做同一類事時(shí)，可用neither或nor進(jìn)行簡略回答，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：Neither /

10、Nor+助動(dòng)詞 / 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 / be動(dòng)詞+主語。例如： He doesn't go to school by bike. Neither / Nor do I. 他不是騎自行車上學(xué)，我也不是。 They didn't go to the park yesterday. Neither / Nor did we. 昨天他們沒去公園，我們也沒去。四 、either of ,neither of, both of 和all of 的用法 先來一個(gè)總結(jié)，再給例子 ：either of (兩者其一) ；neither of(兩者都不) 這兩個(gè)后單數(shù) ；both of (兩者都)，后復(fù)數(shù)

11、 ；all of (三者或三者以上都是) none of (三者或三者以上都不是) of 是指“兩者有其一.” Either of us speaks English. （注意“speaks“） of是指“兩者都不.” 用于否定句 Neither of us speaks English. (注意“speaks“） both of是指兩者都. 用于肯定句 Both the boys are clever. 兩個(gè)男孩都很聰明。 of與both of 注意區(qū)別兩者的意思,不同的意思,單復(fù)數(shù)不一樣. There are two apples on the table; you can take ei

12、ther of them. 桌上有兩只蘋果，隨你拿哪一只。 There are two apples on the table; you can take both of them. 桌上有兩只蘋果，你可以把兩只都拿去。 There are trees on either side of the street. 街的兩邊（每一邊）綠樹成蔭。 There are trees on both sides of the street. 街的兩邊綠樹成蔭。 of是指所有人（或物）都.（超過兩個(gè)） All of the Chinese students are Young Pioneers.所有中國學(xué)生

13、都是少先隊(duì)員。 否定式:Not all of，意思是“不全是” (千萬不要誤認(rèn)為是“全部都不是”。) Not all of us went to school yesterday.昨天我們不全都來上學(xué)。 對比:All of us went to school yesterday.昨天我們?nèi)紒砩蠈W(xué). of 是指“所有人（或物）都不.”全部否定（超過三個(gè)） 以None of 開頭的句子，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)均可。 None of .作主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。 None of us speaks English. （注意“speaks“） He likes

14、 none of these books.這些書他一本也不喜歡 None of the money is mine. 這筆錢沒有一點(diǎn)是我的. None of these cars is are new.這些汽車沒有一輛是新的. 練習(xí)題1、There are many tall trees on _side of the street.A both B all C either D neither 2、-Do you want an apple or a pear？-I really don't mind _.A both B none C either D neither D 

15、;3、The math problem is very the student in class One can work it out.A All B Both C None D Neither D  I come this evening or tomorrow morning？-_ is 'm free today and tomorrow. A5.May I have two tickets,pleaseSorry theres _ left.  6.On _ side of the road there are many white tall b

16、uildings.  7.Not _ woman can do that kind of work.   would you like,a cup of tea or a glass of milk？- think Ill just have a glass of water.  9.Which sweater do you prefer,the yellow one or the pink one？ - like a light blue one.   _ Jack may go with you because one of them must st

17、ay at home. .； nor ； and . ； or . only； but also 11. _ of us has read the story,so we know nothing about it. . 12. Mary doesn't like . do I do I . do I I don't 13. Can you come on Monday or TuesdayI'm afraid _ day is possible.A. either   are many trees _ of the road!And _ of trees is growing larger and larger. both side,a number each sides,a number both sides,the number every side,the number  John nor cousin _to Canada,but they know the country very well.A. have visited gone been gone  you come on