應用數(shù)學專業(yè)英語詞匯英漢對照表

1、1應用數(shù)學專業(yè)英語詞匯英漢對照表A absolute value 絕對值acceptable region 接受域additivity 可加性adjusted 調(diào)整的alternative hypothesis 對立假設algorithm 算法analysis 分析analysis of covariance 協(xié)方差分析analysis of variance 方差分析arithmetic mean 算術(shù)平均值association 相關(guān)性assumption 假設assumption checking 假設檢驗availability 有效度average 均值B balanced 平衡的b

2、and 帶寬bar chart 條形圖beta-distribution 貝塔分布between groups 組間的bias 偏倚binomial distribution 二項分布binomial test 二項檢驗C calculate 計算case 個案category 類別center of gravity 重心central tendency 中心趨勢chi-square distribution 卡方分布chi-square test 卡方檢驗classify 分類cluster analysis 聚類分析coefficient 系數(shù)coefficient of correlat

3、ion 相關(guān)系數(shù)collinearity 共線性column 列compare 比較comparison 對照components 構(gòu)成，分量compound 復合的confidence interval 置信區(qū)間consistency 一致性constant 常數(shù)continuous variable 連續(xù)變量control charts 控制圖correlation 相關(guān)covariance 協(xié)方差covariance matrix 協(xié)方差矩陣critical point 臨界點critical value 臨界值crosstab 列聯(lián)表cubic 三次的，立方的cubic term 三次

4、項cumulative distribution function 累加分布函數(shù)curve estimation 曲線估計D data 數(shù)據(jù)default 默認的definition 定義deleted residual 剔除殘差density function 密度函數(shù)dependent variable 因變量description 描述design of experiment 試驗設計deviations 差異df.（degree of freedom） 自由度diagnostic 診斷dimension 維discrete variable 離散變量discriminant funct

5、ion 判別函數(shù)discriminatory analysis 判別分析distance 距離distribution 分布D-optimal design D-優(yōu)化設計E eaqual 相等effects of interaction 交互效應efficiency 有效性eigenvalue 特征值equal size 等含量equation 方程error 誤差estimate 估計estimation of parameters 參數(shù)估計estimations 估計量evaluate 衡量exact value 精確值expectation 期望expected value 期望值exp

6、onential 指數(shù)的exponential distributon 指數(shù)分布extreme value 極值F factor 因素，因子factor analysis 因子分析factor score 因子得分factorial designs 析因設計factorial experiment 析因試驗fit 擬合fitted line 擬合線fitted value 擬合值fixed model 固定模型fixed variable 固定變量fractional factorial design 部分析因設計frequency 頻數(shù)F-test F檢驗full factorial des

7、ign 完全析因設計function 函數(shù)G gamma distribution 伽瑪分布geometric mean 幾何均值group 組H harmomic mean 調(diào)和均值heterogeneity 不齊性histogram 直方圖homogeneity 齊性homogeneity of variance 方差齊性hypothesis 假設hypothesis test 假設檢驗independent variable 自變量independent-samples 獨立樣本index 指數(shù)index of correlation 相關(guān)指數(shù)interaction 交互作用interc

8、lass correlation 組內(nèi)相關(guān)interval estimate 區(qū)間估計intraclass correlation 組間相關(guān)inverse 倒數(shù)的iterate 迭代K kernal 核Kolmogorov-Smirnov test柯爾莫哥洛夫-斯米諾夫檢驗kurtosis 峰度L large sample problem 大樣本問題layer 層least-significant difference 最小顯著差數(shù)least-square estimation 最小二乘估計least-square method 最小二乘法level of significance 顯著性水平

9、leverage value 中心化杠桿值life 壽命life test 壽命試驗likelihood function 似然函數(shù)likelihood ratio test 似然比檢驗linear 線性的linear estimator 線性估計linear model 線性模型linear regression 線性回歸linear relation 線性關(guān)系linear term 線性項logarithmic 對數(shù)的logarithms 對數(shù)logistic 邏輯的lost function 損失函數(shù)M main effect 主效應matrix 矩陣maximum 最大值maximum

10、 likelihood estimation 極大似然估計mean squared deviation（MSD） 均方差mean sum of square 均方和measure 衡量media 中位數(shù)M-estimator M估計minimum 最小值missing values 缺失值mixed model 混合模型mode 眾數(shù)model 模型Monte Carle method 蒙特卡羅法moving average 移動平均值multicollinearity 多元共線性multiple comparison 多重比較multiple correlation 多重相關(guān)multiple

11、 correlation coefficient 復相關(guān)系數(shù)multiple correlation coefficient 多元相關(guān)系數(shù)multiple regression analysis 多元回歸分析multiple regression equation 多元回歸方程multiple response 多響應multivariate analysis 多元分析N negative relationship 負相關(guān)nonadditively 不可加性nonlinear 非線性nonlinear regression 非線性回歸noparametric tests 非參數(shù)檢驗normal

12、 distribution 正態(tài)分布null hypothesis 零假設number of cases 個案數(shù)O one-sample 單樣本one-tailed test 單側(cè)檢驗one-way ANOVA 單向方差分析one-way classification 單向分類optimal 優(yōu)化的optimum allocation 最優(yōu)配制order 排序order statistics 次序統(tǒng)計量origin 原點orthogonal 正交的outliers 異常值P paired observations 成對觀測數(shù)據(jù)paired-sample 成對樣本parameter 參數(shù)para

13、meter estimation 參數(shù)估計partial correlation 偏相關(guān)partial correlation coefficient 偏相關(guān)系數(shù)partial regression coefficient 偏回歸系數(shù)percent 百分數(shù)percentiles 百分位數(shù)pie chart 餅圖point estimate 點估計poisson distribution 泊松分布polynomial curve 多項式曲線polynomial regression 多項式回歸polynomials 多項式positive relationship 正相關(guān)power 冪P-P p

14、lot P-P概率圖predict 預測predicted value 預測值prediction intervals 預測區(qū)間principal component analysis 主成分分析proability 概率probability density function 概率密度函數(shù)probit analysis 概率分析proportion 比例Q qadratic 二次的Q-Q plot Q-Q概率圖quadratic term 二次項quality control 質(zhì)量控制quantitative 數(shù)量的，度量的quartiles 四分位數(shù)R random 隨機的random n

15、umber 隨機數(shù)random number 隨機數(shù)random sampling 隨機取樣random seed 隨機數(shù)種子random variable 隨機變量randomization 隨機化range 極差rank 秩rank correlation 秩相關(guān)rank statistic 秩統(tǒng)計量regression analysis 回歸分析regression coefficient 回歸系數(shù)regression line 回歸線reject 拒絕rejection region 拒絕域relationship 關(guān)系reliability 可靠性repeated 重復的report

16、 報告，報表residual 殘差residual sum of squares 剩余平方和response 響應risk function 風險函數(shù)robustness 穩(wěn)健性root mean square 標準差row 行run 游程run test 游程檢驗S sample 樣本sample size 樣本容量sample space 樣本空間sampling 取樣sampling inspection 抽樣檢驗scatter chart 散點圖S-curve S形曲線separately 單獨地sets 集合sign test 符號檢驗significance 顯著性signific

17、ance level 顯著性水平significance testing 顯著性檢驗significant 顯著的，有效的significant digits 有效數(shù)字skewed distribution 偏態(tài)分布skewness 偏度small sample problem 小樣本問題smooth 平滑sort 排序soruces of variation 方差來源space 空間spread 擴展square 平方standard deviation 標準離差standard error of mean 均值的標準誤差standardization 標準化standardize 標準化s

18、tatistic 統(tǒng)計量statistical quality control 統(tǒng)計質(zhì)量控制std. residual 標準殘差stepwise regression analysis 逐步回歸stimulus 刺激strong assumption 強假設stud. deleted residual 學生化剔除殘差stud. residual 學生化殘差subsamples 次級樣本sufficient statistic 充分統(tǒng)計量sum 和sum of squares 平方和summary 概括，綜述T table 表t-distribution t分布test 檢驗test crite

19、rion 檢驗判據(jù)test for linearity 線性檢驗test of goodness of fit 擬合優(yōu)度檢驗test of homogeneity 齊性檢驗test of independence 獨立性檢驗test rules 檢驗法則test statistics 檢驗統(tǒng)計量testing function 檢驗函數(shù)time series 時間序列tolerance limits 容許限total 總共，和transformation 轉(zhuǎn)換treatment 處理trimmed mean 截尾均值true value 真值t-test t檢驗two-tailed test

20、雙側(cè)檢驗U unbalanced 不平衡的unbiased estimation 無偏估計unbiasedness 無偏性uniform distribution 均勻分布V value of estimator 估計值variable 變量variance 方差variance components 方差分量variance ratio 方差比various 不同的vector 向量W weight 加權(quán)，權(quán)重weighted average 加權(quán)平均值within groups 組內(nèi)的Z Z score Z分數(shù)2. 最優(yōu)化方法詞匯英漢對照表A active constraint 活動約束a

21、ctive set method 活動集法analytic gradient 解析梯度approximate 近似arbitrary 強制性的argument 變量attainment factor 達到因子B bandwidth 帶寬be equivalent to 等價于best-fit 最佳擬合bound 邊界C coefficient 系數(shù)complex-value 復數(shù)值component 分量constant 常數(shù)constrained 有約束的constraint 約束constraint function 約束函數(shù)continuous 連續(xù)的converge 收斂cubic p

22、olynomial interpolation method三次多項式插值法curve-fitting 曲線擬合D data-fitting 數(shù)據(jù)擬合default 默認的，默認的define 定義diagonal 對角的direct search method 直接搜索法direction of search 搜索方向discontinuous 不連續(xù)E eigenvalue 特征值empty matrix 空矩陣equality 等式exceeded 溢出的F feasible 可行的feasible solution 可行解finite-difference 有限差分first-orde

23、r 一階G Gauss-Newton method 高斯-牛頓法goal attainment problem 目標達到問題gradient 梯度gradient method 梯度法Hhandle 句柄Hessian matrix 海色矩陣I independent variables 獨立變量inequality 不等式infeasibility 不可行性infeasible 不可行的initial feasible solution 初始可行解initialize 初始化inverse 逆invoke 激活iteration 迭代iteration 迭代J Jacobian 雅可比矩陣L

24、 Lagrange multiplier 拉格朗日乘子large-scale 大型的least square 最小二乘least squares sense 最小二乘意義上的Levenberg-Marquardt method列文伯格-馬夸爾特法line search 一維搜索linear 線性的linear equality constraints 線性等式約束linear programming problem 線性規(guī)劃問題local solution 局部解M medium-scale 中型的minimize 最小化mixed quadratic and cubic polynomial

25、 interpolation and extrapolation method混合二次、三次多項式內(nèi)插、外插法multiobjective 多目標的N nonlinear 非線性的norm 范數(shù)O objective function 目標函數(shù)observed data 測量數(shù)據(jù)optimization routine 優(yōu)化過程optimize 優(yōu)化optimizer 求解器over-determined system 超定系統(tǒng)P parameter 參數(shù)partial derivatives 偏導數(shù)polynomial interpolation method多項式插值法Q quadrati

26、c 二次的quadratic interpolation method 二次內(nèi)插法quadratic programming 二次規(guī)劃R real-value 實數(shù)值residuals 殘差robust 穩(wěn)健的robustness 穩(wěn)健性，魯棒性S scalar 標量semi-infinitely problem 半無限問題Sequential Quadratic Programming method序列二次規(guī)劃法simplex search method 單純形法solution 解sparse matrix 稀疏矩陣sparsity pattern 稀疏模式sparsity structu

27、re 稀疏結(jié)構(gòu)starting point 初始點step length 步長subspace trust region method 子空間置信域法sum-of-squares 平方和symmetric matrix 對稱矩陣T termination message 終止信息termination tolerance 終止容限the exit condition 退出條件the method of steepest descent 最速下降法transpose 轉(zhuǎn)置U unconstrained 無約束的under-determined system 負定系統(tǒng)V variable 變量ve

28、ctor 矢量W weighting matrix 加權(quán)矩陣3 樣條詞匯英漢對照表A approximation 逼近array 數(shù)組a spline in b-form/b-spline b樣條a spline of polynomial piece /ppform spline分段多項式樣條B bivariate spline function 二元樣條函數(shù)break/breaks 斷點C coefficient/coefficients 系數(shù)cubic interpolation 三次插值/三次內(nèi)插cubic polynomial 三次多項式cubic smoothing spline

29、三次平滑樣條cubic spline 三次樣條cubic spline interpolation三次樣條插值/三次樣條內(nèi)插curve 曲線D degree of freedom 自由度dimension 維數(shù)E end conditions 約束條件I input argument 輸入?yún)?shù)interpolation 插值/內(nèi)插interval 取值區(qū)間K knot/knots 節(jié)點L least-squares approximation 最小二乘擬合M multiplicity 重次multivariate function 多元函數(shù)O optional argument 可選參數(shù)ord

30、er 階次output argument 輸出參數(shù)P point/points 數(shù)據(jù)點R rational spline 有理樣條rounding error 舍入誤差（相對誤差）S scalar 標量sequence 數(shù)列（數(shù)組）spline 樣條spline approximation 樣條逼近/樣條擬合spline function 樣條函數(shù)spline curve 樣條曲線spline interpolation 樣條插值/樣條內(nèi)插spline surface 樣條曲面smoothing spline 平滑樣條T tolerance 允許精度U univariate function 一元函數(shù)V vector 向量W weight/weights 權(quán)重4 偏微分方程數(shù)值解詞匯英漢對照表A