專題15熱點話題-五年高考2012018年英語閱讀理解話題分類解讀與訓(xùn)練解析版

1、專題15熱點話題,花電解篌"“熱點話題”是高中新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)24話題之一，亦是高考英語熱點話題。本話題主要包括全球變暖、節(jié)約能源、環(huán)境保護(hù)、交通問題、人口問題等。通過本話題的學(xué)習(xí)和高考的考查，幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)氣候、能源和環(huán)保的有關(guān)知識，樹立“節(jié)約能源，保護(hù)環(huán)境”的主人翁意識?！盁狳c話題”在高考英語當(dāng)中通常以閱讀理解、完形填空、七選五或書面表達(dá)的形式出現(xiàn)，例如：2018年北京卷閱讀理解C、D篇，2018年江蘇卷閱讀理解C篇，2018年浙江卷B、C篇，2018年天津卷閱讀理解A篇；2017年新課標(biāo)卷II閱讀理解C篇；2017年北京卷閱讀理解B篇，江蘇卷閱讀理解D篇；2016年北京卷閱讀理解B

2、篇、2014年新課標(biāo)全國卷II閱讀理解B篇等。Passage1（2018年新課標(biāo)II卷）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時間議論文放下手機(jī)，與人溝通3305分鐘Wdveallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.What'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromise

3、dconversationalintelligence.Itthatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseitchallsnsgingwardwenthinkit'sannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.Expertssayitinvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportant

4、iseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldnevenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegieaseforsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast."Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmallta

5、lk,"heexplains."Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem."Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction（互動）withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhe

6、nnecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience."It'snotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusbarld,saysDunn."Butinteractionswithperipheral（邊緣的）membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-b

7、eingalso."Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk."Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,"hesays.32. Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A. Addictiontos

8、martphones.B. Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.C. Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D. Impatiencewithslowservice.33. WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A. Showinggoodmanners.B. Relatingtootherpeople.C. Focusingonatopic.D. Makingbusinessdeals.34. Whatdoesthecoffee-shop

9、studysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.35. Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A. ConversationCountsC.BenefitsofSmallTalkB. Itraisespeople'sconfidence.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.B.WaysofMakingSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilence【文章大意】這是一篇議論文。在當(dāng)今社會，人們在公共場合或沉迷于智

10、能手機(jī)，或與不舒服的沉默抗?fàn)帲吧酥g缺乏溝通。但人與人之間是需要適當(dāng)?shù)慕徽勯e聊的，閑聊是人際關(guān)系社會交往必不可少的部分，而且也有很多好處。32.C【解析】主旨大意題。題干問的是：第一段描述了什么現(xiàn)象。在公共場合（比如在電梯里，在銀行排隊，或在飛機(jī)上）人們深深地專注于他們的智能手機(jī)，或者更糟糕的是，與不舒服的沉默抗?fàn)?。有此可知，陌生人之間缺乏溝通。A項意為：沉迷于智能手機(jī)。B項意為：在公共場所不適當(dāng)?shù)男袨椤項意為：陌生人之間缺乏溝通。D項意為：對緩慢的服務(wù)不耐煩。故選C項。33 B【解析】推理判斷題，題干問得是對于Cardum來說，成功的閑聊中重要的是什么&報據(jù)第三段最后一句&qu

11、ot;ThekeytosuccesstulstnaLltalkislearninghuwBconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththemY成功閑聊的關(guān)鍵是學(xué)習(xí)如何與他們交流，而不僅僅是與他們溝通。由此推斷C符合題意口A項意為：表現(xiàn)出良好的禮貌。B項意為：與他人有關(guān)的*C項意為：專注于一1節(jié)題。D項意為：做商業(yè)交易。故選B項34 .D【解析】推理判斷題。題干問的是：咖啡店的研究對閑聊有什么建議。根據(jù)第四段的調(diào)查結(jié)果可知，那些與服務(wù)員聊天的人，有顯著的積極情緒和更好的咖啡店體驗。由此可知，D項符合題意。A項意為：閑聊改善了家庭關(guān)系。B項意為：閑聊提高了人們

12、的信心。C項意為：閑聊和正式談話一樣重要。D項意為：閑聊讓人感覺很好。故選D項。35 .C【解析】主旨大意題。整篇文章剛開始介紹了社會的現(xiàn)象（公共場合人們沉迷于智能手機(jī)，陌生人之間缺乏溝通交流），接著分析了這一問題的原因，接下來有專家對閑聊進(jìn)行了研究，最后得出結(jié)論，閑聊都有什么樣的好處。A項意為：談話很重要。B項意為：閑聊的方法。C項意為：閑聊的好處。D項意為：不舒服的沉默。故選C項。Passage2（2018年北京卷）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時間說明文無人駕駛汽車4947分鐘PreparingCitiesforRobotCarsThepossibilityofself-drivingrobot

13、carshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist'sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andf

14、orcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvinhittiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystem

15、sandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars（andrightfullyso）,policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions（8卜放）andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobil

16、ityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.Dowewanttocopyorevenworsen-thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighway

17、sbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsf

18、ewerpeopletotakepublictransportanunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing（叫車）services.AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutth

19、ecostoftransportationinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues（責(zé)任與維護(hù)問題）.Bu

20、tdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesnextendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresen

21、tsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.47. Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscanA. helpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblemsB. providebetterservicestocustomersC. c

22、ausedamagetoourenvironmentjorconcern?smaB.Sideeffects.D.Management.D. makesomepeoplelosejobs48. Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthorA.Safety.C.Affordability.B.Replaced.D.Reduced.49. Whatdoestheunderlinedword"fielded"inParagraph4probablymean?A.Employed.50.WhatistheauthorC.Shared.sattitudetot

23、hefuture-dufisinlgcars?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Disapproving.D.Sympathetic.【文章大意】本文為說明文。文章主要討論有關(guān)無人駕駛汽車的發(fā)展前景和面臨的問題。47 .A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Whikmuchofthedebatesofarhaibeenfocusedonsafetyofdriverlesscars(aiidrightfiiLlyso工pEicymakersalsoshouldbeTalkingabouthov；selfdrivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutem

24、序】on式排放)andoffermoreconveniem;affordablemobilinroptions可知，政策制定者應(yīng)該討論無人駕駛車怎么幫助削減交通阻塞，遍少尾氣排放，提供更方便、更便宜的出行選擇，由此可見人們應(yīng)該多關(guān)注無人駕駛車怎么幫助處理與交通有關(guān)的問題.敵選自。48 .D【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransf

25、ormationisregulated.可知，不管花多長時間，這項技術(shù)都有可能改變我們的交通系統(tǒng)和我們的城市，不管是好是壞，這取決于如何這種轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)绾伪灰?guī)范，再根據(jù)文章最后一句話Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.可知，我們需要為其做好計劃，故作者的主要關(guān)注點是對這種轉(zhuǎn)變的管理規(guī)范，故選Do49 .A【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hailingservices,considering

26、thecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues債任與維護(hù)問題).可知，鑒于自主駕駛的費用以及責(zé)任和維護(hù)問題，無人駕駛車幾乎可以肯定將會被打車服務(wù)使用。故劃線詞是被應(yīng)用”的意思。A.Employed被應(yīng)用；B.Replaced被取代；C.Shared被分享；D.Reduced被減少。故選A。50 .B【解析】觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后段Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportatio

27、nsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.中的advancement,movemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.以及planforit可推知，作者是積極的態(tài)度。故選B。Passage3（2016年新課標(biāo)II卷）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時間說明文人工智能4707分鐘Hollywood'stheorythatmachineswithevil（邪惡）mindswilldrivearmiesofkillerrobots

28、isjustsilly.Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence（AI）maybecomeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.In1960awell-knownmathematicianNorbertWiener,whofoundedthefieldofcybernetics（控制論）,putitthisway:"Ifweuse,toachieveourpurposes,amechanicalagencywithwho

29、seoperationwecannoteffectivelyinterfere（干預(yù)）,wehadbetterbequitesurethatthepurposeputintothemachineisthepurposewhichwereallydesire."Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings:awishtopreserveitsownexistence.Forthemachine,thisqualityisnotin-born,norisits

30、omethingintroducedbyhumans;itisalogicalconsequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachinecannotachieveitsoriginalpurposeifitisdead.Soifwesendoutarobotwiththesingleinstructionoffetchingcoffee,itwillhaveastrongdesiretosecuresuccessbydisablingitsownoffswitchorevenkillinganyonewhomightinterferewithitstask.Ifweare

31、notcareful,then,wecouldfaceakindofglobalchessmatchagainstverydetermined,superintelligentmachineswhoseobjectivesconflictwithourown,withtherealworldasthechessboard.Thepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofcomputerscientists.Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesi

32、nsideakindoffirewall,usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.Unfortunately,thatplanseemsunlikelytowork:wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecureagainstordinaryhumans,letalonesuperintelligentmachines.SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossibleb

33、utnoteasy.Thereareprobablydecadesinwhichtoplanforthearrivalofsuperintelligentmachines.Buttheproblemshouldnotbedismissedoutofhand,asithasbeenbysomeAIresearchers.Somearguethathumansandmachinescancoexistaslongastheyworkinteamsyetthatisnotpossibleunlessmachinessharethegoalsofhumans.Otherssaywecanjust&qu

34、ot;switchthemoff"asifsuperintelligentmachinesaretoostupidtothinkofthatpossibility.StillothersthinkthatsuperintelligentAIwillneverhappen.OnSeptember11,1933,famousphysicistErnestRutherfordstated,withconfidence,Anyonewhoexpectsasourceofpowerinthetransformationoftheseatomsistalkingmoonshine."H

35、owever,onSeptember12,1933,physicistLeoSzilardinventedtheneutron-induced（中子誘導(dǎo)）nuclearchainreaction.67. Paragraph1mainlytellsusthatartificialintelligencemay.A. runoutofhumancontrolB. satisfyhuman'srealdesiresC. commandarmiesofkillerrobotsD. workfasterthanamathematician68. Machineswithspecificpurpo

36、sesareassociatedwithlivingthingspartlybecausetheymightbeabletoA. preventthemselvesfrombeingdestroyedB. achievetheiroriginalgoalsindependentlyC. doanythingsuccessfullywithgivenordersD. beathumansininternationalchessmatches69. Accordingtosomeresearchers,wecanusefirewallsto.A. helpsuperintelligentmachi

37、nesworkbetterB. besecureagainstevilhumanbeingsC. keepmachinesfrombeingharmedD. avoidrobots'affectingtheworld70. Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthesafetyproblemofsuperintelligentmachines?A. ItwilldisappearwiththedevelopmentofAI.B. Itwillgetworsewithhumaninterference.C. Itwillbesolvedbutwithdifficulty.D.

38、 Itwillstayforadecade.【文章大意】本文主要介紹了人工智能及它給我們的生活帶來的影響。67 .A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段ThereaLproblemrelatestothepossibilinrthatartificialintelligence(AI)maybecomeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant可知人工智能可能會出現(xiàn)的真正問題是ai會非常擅長取得某個成就而不是我frw正想要的東西，也就是說ai可能會超出人的控制去做一些事情，故選A。68 .A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句

39、Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality,onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings:awishtopreserveitsownexistence.可知，原因是保護(hù)它自己的存在的一種愿望，也就是說，它具有有生命的物體的一種品質(zhì)是因為它要保護(hù)自己不被破壞，繼續(xù)存在下去，故選Ao69D【解析】推理判斷題©根據(jù)第三段后ngthemtoanswerdifficultquestiansbutneverallmvingthemtoaffectthereal瓜可知可認(rèn)用防火墻來回答那些困難的問題但是卻永遠(yuǎn)不要

40、讓他們題褪個真正的現(xiàn)實世界，所以選D©70.C【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.可知作者認(rèn)為解決人工智能機(jī)器的安全問題是可能的，但是并不容易，也就是很困難，故選Coassage4（2017年江蘇卷）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時間應(yīng)用文氣候變暖6分鐘OldProblem,NewApproachesWhilecleanenergyisincreasinglyusedinourdailylife,globalwarmingwillcontin

41、ueforsomedecadesafterCO2emissions（排放）peak.Soevenifemissionsweretobegintodecreasetoday,wewouldstillfacethechallengeofadaptingtoclimatechange.HereIwillstresssomesmarterandmorecreativeexamplesofclimateadaptation.Whenitcomestoadaptation,itisimportanttounderstandthatclimatechangeisaprocess.Wearetherefore

42、nottalkingaboutadaptingtoanewstandard,buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetofconditions.Thisiswhy,inpartatleast,theUSNationalClimateAssessmentsaysthat:"Thereisno'or-sizefitsall'adaptatiertheless,therearesomeactionsthatoffermuchandcarrylittleriskorcost.Aroundtheworld,peopleareadaptinginsurprisingw

43、ays,especiallyinsomepoorcountries.FloodshavebecomemoredamaginginBangladeshinrecentdecades.MohammedRezwansawopportunitywhereotherssawonlydisaster.Hisnot-for-profitorganizationruns100riverboatsthatserveasfloatinglibraries,schools,andhealthclinics,andareequippedwithsolarpanelsandothercommunicatingfacil

44、ities.Rezwaniscreatingfloatingconnectivity（連接）toreplacefloodedroadsandhighways.Butheisalsoworkingatafarmorefundamentallevel:hisstaffshowpeoplehowtomakefloatinggardensandfishpondstopreventstarvationduringthewetseason.ElsewhereinAsiaevenmoreastonishingactionsarebeingtaken.ChewangNorphellivesinamountai

45、nousregioninIndia,whereheisknownastheIceMan.Thelossofglaciers（冰川）thereduetoglobalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.Withouttheglaciers,waterwillarriveintheriversattimeswhenitcandamagecrops.Norphel'sinspirationcamseeongthewasteofwateroverwinter,whenitwasnotneeded.Hedirectedthewastedwa

46、terintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring.Hisfieldsoficesupplyperfectlytimedirrigation（灌溉）water.Havingcreatedninesuchicereserves,Norphelcalculatesthathehas3.storedabout200,000mofwater.Climatechangeisacontinuingprocess,soNorphelicereserveswillnotlastforever.Warmingwillovertakethem.B

47、utheisprovidingafewyearsduringwhichthefarmerswill,perhaps,beabletofindothermeansofadapting.IncreasingEarth'seflectivenesscancooltheplanet.InsouthernSpainthesuddenincreaseofgreenhouses(whichreflectlightbacktospace)haschangedthewarmingtrendlocally,andactuallycooledtheregion.WhileSpainasawholeishea

48、tingupquickly,temperaturesnearthegreenhouseshavedecreased.Thisexampleshouldactasaninspirationforallcities.Bypaintingbuildingswhite,citiesmayslowdownthewarmingprocess.InPeru,localfarmersaroundamountainwithaglacierthathasalreadyfallenvictimtoclimatechangehavebegunpaintingtheentiremountainpeakwhiteinth

49、ehopethattheaddedreflectivenesswillrestorethelife-givingice.Theoutcomeisstillfarfromclear.ButtheWorldBankhasincludedtheprojectonitslistof"100ideastosavetheplanet".Moreordinaryformsofadaptationarehappeningeverywhere.AfriendofmineownsanareaoflandinwesternVictoria.Overfivegenerationsthelandha

50、sbeentoowetforcropping.Butduringthepastdecadedecliningrainfallhasallowedhimtoplanthighlyprofitablecrops.Farmersinmanycountriesarealsoadaptinglikethiseitherbygrowingnewproduce,orbygrowingthesamethingsdifferently.Thisiscommonsense.Butsomesuggestionsforadaptingarenot.Whenthepollutingindustriesarguethat

51、we'velostthebattletocorpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt,it'sanonsensedesignedtomakethecaseforbusinessasusual.Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapttothechangingclimateinbothordinaryandastonishingways.Butthemostsensibleformofadaptationissurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution.Afteral

52、l,ifweadaptinthatway,wemayavoidtheneedtochangeinsomanyothers.65. TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2implies.A. adaptationisanever-changingprocessB. thecostofadaptationvarieswithtimeC. globalwarmingaffectsadaptationformsD. adaptationtoclimatechangeischallenging66. WhatisspecialwithregardtoRezwan'sproje

53、ct?A. Theprojectreceivesgovernmentsupport.B. Differentorganizationsworkwitheachother.C. Hisorganizationmakesthebestofabadsituation.D. Theprojectconnectsfloodedroadsandhighways.67. WhatdidtheIceMandotoreducetheeffectofglobalwarming?A. Storingiceforfutureuse.B. Protectingtheglaciersfrommelting.C.Chang

54、ingtheirrigationtime.D.Postponingthemeltingoftheglaciers.68. WhatdowelearnfromthePeruexample?A. Whitepaintisusuallysafeforbuildings.B. Theglobalwarmingtrendcannotbestopped.C. Thiscountryisheatinguptooquickly.D. Sunlightreflectionmayrelieveglobalwarming.69. Accordingtotheauthor,pollutingindustriessho

55、uld.A.adapttocarbonpollutionB.planthighlyprofitablecropsC.leavecarbonemissionaloneD.fightagainstcarbonpollution70. What'stheauthor'spreferredsolutiontoglobalwarming?A.Settingupanewstandard.B.Reducingcarbonemission.C.Adaptingtoclimatechange.D.Monitoringpollutingindustries.【文章大意】文章關(guān)注的是我們熟悉的話題一

56、一氣候變暖，不同的是，文章給出了一些應(yīng)對氣候變暖的新途徑。65-A【解析】考查句意理解#根據(jù)上文申的Wearetherefore,buttoaconstantlyshiftingsetofconditions*'可知，對于不斷變化的環(huán)境沒有一個通用的方法來解決所有這樣的問題。故畫線部分暗示的是適應(yīng)環(huán)境也是一個不斷變化的過程。故A正確。66 .C【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段首句可知，世界范圍內(nèi)尤其是一些貧窮地區(qū)的人們使用了令人意想不到的方法去適應(yīng)環(huán)境的改變，化劣勢為優(yōu)勢，再結(jié)合下文的內(nèi)容可知，Rezwan就是這么做的，故答案為Co67 .A【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由第四段中的"

57、;.Hedirectedthewastedwaterintoshallowbasinswhereitfroze,andwasstoreduntilthespring."可知，他把水引入盆地，水在那里結(jié)冰并被存儲到春天使用，故A正確。68D【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解“根據(jù)第六段的內(nèi)容可知，在秘魯當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)民會把整個山峰涂成白色來增強對陽光的反射，希望借此來保護(hù)冰不被鬲妣，再結(jié)合第五段的內(nèi)容可知：反射太陽光可能會;底輕全球變暖，故D項正確。69 .D【解析】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第七段中的"Whenthepollutingindustriesarguethatwe'velostth

58、ebatthcontrolcarbonpollutionandhavenochoicebuttoadapt"可知，污染行業(yè)辯稱因為人們沒有贏得治理碳污染的戰(zhàn)役，只能適應(yīng)，再結(jié)合下文的"it'sanonsensedgssedtomakethecaseforbusinessasusual可知，作者認(rèn)為污染行業(yè)的這種說法是荒謬的，其目的是給自己的商業(yè)行為制造借口。由此可推知，對于污染行業(yè)來說，負(fù)責(zé)任的做法是同碳污染抗?fàn)?，以減少碳排放，故D正確。70 .B【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段第二句"Butthemostsensibleformofadaptation

59、issurelytoadaptourenergysystemstoemitlesscarbonpollution"可知，作者認(rèn)為最明智的應(yīng)對全球變暖的方法是減少碳排放，故B正確。事模料律【稱,Passage1體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時間應(yīng)用文自然保護(hù)區(qū)3296分鐘KazakhstanannouncedplanstobringwildtigersbacktotheirhistoricalrangeintheIli-Balkhashregion,andsignedanagreementwithWWFtoconductatigerreintroductionprogram."Itnotonlywillbringwildtigersbacktotheirancestralhome,butalsoprotectt