職稱英語真題-衛(wèi)生類A級(jí)2008年

1、2008 年職稱英語考試衛(wèi)生類(A 級(jí))真題第 1 部分：詞匯選項(xiàng) ( 第 1 15 題，每題 1 分，共 15 分)下面每個(gè)句子中均有1 個(gè)詞或短語劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1 個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。1With immense relief , I stopped runningA.SomeB.enormousC.littleD.extensive2 The scientists began to accumulate data.A.collectB.handleC.analyzeD.investigate3 Jack eventually overtook the last truc

2、kA.hitB.passedC.reachedD.led4 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance.A.possibleB.profitableC.easyD.wise5 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle.A.factB.mysteryC.statementD.game6 That guy is really witty.A.smartB.uglyC.honorableD.popular7 The world champion suffered a sen

3、sational defeat.A.reasonableB.dramaticC.humiliatingD.horrifying8 It seems that only Mary is eligible for the jobA.preparedB.trainedC.qualifiedD.guided9 This poem depicts the beautiful scenery of a town in the southA.praisesB.writesC.imitatesD.describes10 The meaning is still obscureA.vagueB.transpar

4、entC.alienD.significant11Dumped waste might contaminate water suppliesA.destroyB.decreaseC.delayD.pollute12 one theory postulates that the ancient Filipinos came from lndia and PersiaA.assumesB.expectsC.predictsD.considers13 It is very difficult for a child to adhere to rulesA.rememberB.followC.unde

5、rstandD.learn14 I hope that I didn?t do anything absurd.1ast nightA.awkwardB.strangeC.stupidD.awful15 There should be laws that prohibit smoking around childrenA.forbidB.advocateC.inheritD.withdraw【page 】第 2 部分：閱讀判斷 ( 第 16 22 題，每題 1 分，共 7 分)下面的短文后列出了7 個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A; 如果該句提供的

6、是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B; 如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。Sleep Problems Plague the Older SetOlder Americans often have difficulty getting a good night?S rest.It's a huge quality of-life problem， expertssay ，because contrary to popular belief，seniors requireabout thesameamountof sleepas younger adults.“Sleep problems and

7、sleep disorders are not an inherent(固有的 )pa rt of aging，”said Dr.HarrisonG.Bloom，an associate clinical professor of geriatrics(老年病學(xué) )and medicine at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City.“ It?S pretty much of a myth that older people need less sleep than younger people.”e(xamda)Yet in

8、astudypublished recently in The American Journal of Medicine，researchers found that morethan half of older Americans have problems getting the sleep they need.older people tend to have“sleep fragmentation，”meaning they wake up more often during the night，said study author Dr.Julie Gammck，an assistan

9、t professor of medicine in the Division of Geriatric Medicine at St.Louis University.They also seem toget less“REM”sleep ，the typeof sleepduringwhich rapideye movement occurs，Bloom added.It?s unclearwhat role thesenaturally occurring changes in sleeppatterns have on person?squality of life，Bloom sai

10、d.“ What is important ， though，is that older people often haveactualsleep disordersand problems with sleep，” he said.And ，experts say，there is usually more than one cause.“Sleep trouble in older adults is typically associated with acute and chronic illnesses， including specific sleep disorders like

11、sleep apnea(呼吸暫停 )and restless leg syndrome that appear with greater frequency inolder populations，” said Michael V.Vitiello , a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and associatedirector of the University of Washington?S Northwest Geriatric Education Center.Taking multiple medications，as

12、 many older people do， can also lead t0fatigue a“ hypersomnia，”or being tired all the time，Bloom added.Another big problem，he noted， IS depression and anxiety.“Those are very commonly associated with sleep problems.”Despite the prevalence(流行 )of sleep difficulties in older adults，m any patients Aren

13、?t getting the help they need。As a result， problems like insomnia(失 眠 ) ，restless leg syndrome and sleep apnea are underdiagnosed and undertreated， Bloom said.16. Sleep problems can seriously affect one?s quality of lifeA.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned17. it is true that older people need less sleep

14、than younger peopleA.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned18 Younger people in America seldom complain of sleep disorders.A Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned19. The number of older Americans with sleep problems is not small.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned20. “SIeep fragmentation” refers to a marked lack of“REM”

15、 sleep A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned21. The causes of sleep problems in older people remain unidentified.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned22. Actions will soon be taken in America to better help people with sleep problemsA.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned【page 】第 3 部分：概括大意與完成旬子( 第 23 30 題，每題 1 分，共 8 分)

16、下面的短文后有 2 項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)： (1)第 2326題要求從所給的 6 個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第 1 4 段每段選擇 1 個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題 ;(2)第 2730題要求從所給的 6 個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1 個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。Depression and the Elderly1 We all feel sadat times.However，clinical depression isa serious matter.Clinicaldepression, sometimescalled major depression，is a biologically based brain disorder thataffec

17、tsone?s thoughts，feelings，behavior，and physical health.When people complain that they feel terrible，they have no interest or take no pleasurein things，have trouble sleeping，lack energy，have poor appetite，or cannot concentrate，depression is a definite possibility.2 Depression in its many forms affect

18、s more than 6.5 million of the 35 million Americans who are 65years or older.Most older people with depression have been suffering from episodes(發(fā) 作 )of the illness during muchof their lives。For others.depressionhas a firstonset(起病 )in late lifeeven for those in their 80s and 90s. Depression in olde

19、r persons is closely associated with dependency and disability and causes greatsuffering for the individual and the family3 Many older people and their families don?t-recognize the symptoms of depression，aren?t aware that it is a medical illness，and don?t know how it is treated Others may mistake th

20、esymptoms of depression as sighs of dementia(癡呆 ).Also ，many older people think that depression is a character flaw(缺陷 )and areworried about being stigmatized(給帶來恥辱 ) ， SO they blame themselves for their illness and are too ashamed(羞恥的 )to get help，Others worry that treatment would be too costly.4 O

21、lder persons with depression rarely seek treatment for the illness。 Unrecognized and untreated depression has fatal consequences in terms of both suicide and non-suicide mortality(死亡率 ).The highest rate of suicide in the US is among older white men?Depression IS the single most significant risk fact

22、or forsuicide in that population。 Tragically ， many of those people who go on to commit suicide have reached out for help -20%see a doctor the day they die， 40%the week they die ，and 70%in the month they die. Yet depression is frequently missed.23. Paragraph 1-24. Paragraph 2-25. Paragraph 3-26. Par

23、agraph 4-A How common is depression in later life?B What is depression?C What relieves depression in older people?D Why does depression in older people often go untreated?E Can depression in older people be treated?F What are the consequences of untreated depression in older people?27. Clinical depr

24、ession is different from-28. Depression in older people is strongly linked with-29. Depression is regarded by many older people as-30. Many older people commit suicide as a result of-A a characterB normal sadness and griefC a definite possibilityD dependency and disabilityE a significant risk factor

25、F unrecognized and untreated depression【page 】第 4 部分：閱讀理解 ( 第 31 45 題，每題 3 分，共 45分).下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有5 道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1 個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng) .第一篇Centers of the Great European Cities.The centers of the great cities of Europe are meeting places by tradition.People gather there to drinkcoffee and chat late into the n

26、ight.A mixture of locals and tourists make for an exciting，m etropolitan atmosphere.Squares， plazas( 廣場(chǎng) )and arcades(拱廊 )form the heart of Europe?S cities.Venice in Italy has thePiazza San Marcoa beautiful squaresurrounded byshops ，churches，restaurants and ca愴s.1n Barcelona，Spain ，La Bosqueria is a

27、lively market with hundreds of stalls selling all kinds ofgoods.London?s Covent Garden is filled with fruit and vegetable stalls by day and musicians，acrobats(雜技演員 )and artists by night.The government buildings at the center of many cities Often are architecturallyimpressive.In London，they serve as

28、a beautiful backdrop(背景 )to the coffee tables that line the streets and the banks of the Thames.These vibrant(有活力的 )heartsare the productof centuriesof evolution，social historian Joel Garreau told US News and World Report recently.“ The reason people think Venice is SO great today is you don?t see a

29、llthe mistakes，” said Garreau.“ Those have all been removed.” Most European cities were laidutobefore the inventionof the car，SO bars ， restaurantsand caf6swere near to people?s homes.To day, the focusof many Europeans?life has moved away from the centers.They live in the suburbs and outskirts，drivi

30、ng to supermarkets to get their supplies. But on a continent where people treasure convention， there are still those who hold onto traditional ways， living and shopping locally.These people，together with tourists， provide the city centers with their reason for existence.Coffee culture plays a part i

31、n keeping these city centers flourishing.This is particularly true of Pariswhose citizens are famous enthusiastic conversationalists， This skill is developed over many hours spent chatting over espressos(濃咖啡 )and cigarettes.Religionalso plays a role in developing sociable atmosphere.People in Roman

32、Catholic countries used to visit the Church on an almost daily basis.Entire communities would gather in the same building and thenmove out to the markets.caf6S and bars In the surrounding streets.An enormous example of thisrelationship between church and society is the Duomo.The huge marble cathedra

33、l in Florence，Italy is surrounded by bakeries and coffee shops，and caters not only to the tourist crowds，but also the local community.31. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that each big city in Europe.A. has many large squares.B. has many very magnificent skyscrapers.C. draws tourists in l

34、arge numbers every year.D. has a center where tourists meet their spouses.32 Which statement is NOT true of Covent Garden?A. It is crowded with people.B. It is located in London.C. It is filled with stalls.D. It is surrounded by shops， churches， restaurants and caf6s.33. Why do people think that Ven

35、ice is SO great?A. Because it is a famous tourist attraction.B. Because you can reach anywhere by boat.C. Because it is well known for its merchants.D. Because all the mistakes have been removed.34. what are Parisians famous for?A .Their pursuit of independence.B. Their enthusiasm for conversation.C

36、. Their ability to keep the city flourishing.D .Their devotion to developing a multiple culture.35 The writer cites the Duomo in the last paragraph as an example to illustrate that.A. there is a tight link between church and society.B. all churches are magnificent.C. old churches are very popular.D.

37、 highrise churches are impressive.第二篇 Mental Retardation(智力遲鈍 ).Mental retardation is a condition in which people have lower than normal intelligence and are unable tofunction at the level expected for their age。People with mental retardation are usually born with it。or it develops early in their li

38、fe.They may also havesomedifficulty with daily living skills such as learning to readand write and caring for them selves.Doctors and other professionals determine that a person has mental retardation based on their intelligence and how well they can do everyday activities.Intelligence is the abilit

39、y to learn and understand.Levels of intelligence are measured by special testscalled intelligence tests.The score a person gets on one of these tests gives a numerical(數(shù)字的 )measure of a person?s intelligence.This is called an intelligence quotient(智商 )Or IQ.An average score on an IQ test is about 90

40、 to 110.A person with mental retardation will usually score below 75 on an IQ test.The IQ test alone does not determine whether someone is mentally retarded.A person must also havetroublewitheveryday activitiessuch as geeing dressed，eating，washing，or learning basic reading，writing，and arithmetic ski

41、lls.Mental retardation is not a disease itself.1t cannot be cured and it?s not contagious(傳染的 ).This condition can be caused by several things that injure the brain or don?t allow the brain to developnormally.Many times we don?t know why a person has mental retardation.Sometimes it may be caused by

42、genes.Genes are chemical units found in every cell They carry the instructions telling , cells what to do.Sometimes。children receive abnormal genes from their parents.A defective gene may also develop spontaneously.Neither parent would have passed on the gene， but the gene changes before the baby de

43、velops.Some other problems that can cause mental retardation also happen before a child is born.It isimportant for the brain to develop properly if a child is to have normal intelligence.“ Planning a pregnan the most important decision most of us will make in our lifetime.A healthy lifestyle and goo

44、d medical careshould begin before a woman becomes pregnant and continue throughout the pregnancy， ” says Jodi Rucquoi，a genetic counselor from Connecticut.Ifa wom an abusesalcoholor drugsor doesn?teat well ，thereis a risk to the developing baby.Also，a premature birth or problems during childbirth ca

45、n sometimes harmthe baby?s developing brain.while premature babies are generally fine， there is a greater chance that they may have mental retardation.In some cases.a young child can develop mental retardation after being sick with a serious infection or other illness.or after suffering a bad head i

46、njury.36. A child can be taken as mentally retarded.f he or she.A. was born prematurely.B. has lower than normal intelligence.C. has low intelligence and low daily living skills.D. has normal intelligence but difficulties in learning.37.A person of high intelligence will probably score.A. above 110

47、on an IQ test.B. 110 on an IQ test.C. 90 on an IQ test.D. below 75 on an IQ test.38. Which Of the following is NOT true of mental retardation?A. It is not curable.B. Its victims are usually born with it.C. Its causes are not fully identified yet.D. It can spread among family members.39. Which is NOT

48、 a possible cause of mental retardation?A. Alcohol or drug abuse.B. Abnormal genes from the parents.C. A well-?planned pregnancy.D. Problems during childbirth.40 .The word“While” in Line 4 fromthe bottom can best be replaced by.A .Unless.B. Because.C. Since.D. Although.第三篇 Many Older Doctors Plan to

49、 Phase out Their Practice.The results Of a new survey indicate that 48 percent of physicians between 50 and 65 years Of age areplanning to reduce orend their clinical practice in the next。l to 3 years.The findingsalso suggest that many older physicians believe that their younger counterparts do not

50、have the work ethic they do.The survey，which was conductedby Merritt Hawkins&Associates，a Texas-basedphysician search and consulting firm， suggests that many older physicians are simply unhappy with the changes that have takenplace in medicine over the Years.“When Baby Boom doctors entered medic

51、ine they had control over how they practiced and the fee they charged.But the rules changed on them in mid?stream and now many are looking for a ticket out， ” Mark Smith ，executive vice president of Merritt Hawkins&Associates，said in a statement.“Our study is the only one I am aware of thatexami

52、nes the career plans of.physicians in the 50-To-65 age group. ”This age group represents more than One-third of all physiciansin the U.S.If they stop working in the coming years， It will have a“ significant impact” on the overall supply of physicians， Smith told Reuters Health_.The results of the su

53、rvey，which included 1,170 respondents(調(diào) 查 對(duì) 象 ) ， show that 24 percent Of older physicians areplanning to leave clinical practice all together In thenext 1to 3 years.Specifically，1 4 percent said they were planning on retiring，7 percent said they were looking for a medical job a nonpatient care sett

54、ing，and 3 Percent said they were seeking a job in a nonm edical field.For those physicians not leaving clinical practice， many said they would make changes to reduce thenumberof patientsthey treat.For instance，12 percent saidtheywouldbeginworkingpart time ，8 percent said they planned to stop taking new patients Or markedly reduce their patient load，and 4 percent expressed a desire to work on a temporary basis.When asked abo