英語(yǔ)閱讀囧研究人有種微笑但只有種是開(kāi)心的

1、美聯(lián)英語(yǔ)提供：囧研究：人有19種微笑，但只有6種是開(kāi)心的兩分鐘做個(gè)小測(cè)試，看看你的英語(yǔ)水平Our grins are not as simple as they seem. There are a myriad different ways to smile and some of them can conceal some less than happy feelings.我們露齒而笑并不像看上去那么簡(jiǎn)單。微笑有無(wú)數(shù)種不同的方式，而其中一些方式可能隱藏了一些不愉快的心情。Of 19 different types of smile, only six occur when

2、 were having a good time. The rest happen when were in pain, embarrassed, uncomfortable, horrified or even miserable. A smile may mean contempt, anger or incredulity, that were lying or that weve lost.在19種不同的微笑中，只有6種是在我們開(kāi)心的時(shí)候露出的微笑。其余的是在我們痛苦、尷尬、不舒服、害怕甚至是痛苦的時(shí)候露出的微笑。一個(gè)微笑可能意味著輕視、憤怒或懷疑，也可能意味著我們?cè)谡f(shuō)謊或我

3、們失敗了。While genuine, happy smiles exist as a reward for when weve done something helpful to our survival, the non-enjoyment smiles are less about what youre feeling inside and more about what you want to signal to others.當(dāng)我們做了對(duì)生存有幫助的事情時(shí)，我們會(huì)回以真誠(chéng)、開(kāi)心的微笑，而“不快樂(lè)”的微笑不在于你的內(nèi)心感受，而更多地在于你想要向別人傳達(dá)什么。And here are 1

4、0 typical smiles:下面介紹10個(gè)典型的微笑 1. Duchenne smile杜氏微笑The first steps to decoding this multi-purpose expression came from the 19th Century neurologist Duchenne de Boulogne. In all Duchenne went on to discover 60 facial expressions, each involving its own dedicated group of facial muscles, which he

5、 depicted in a series of photographs.最先開(kāi)始解讀多種目的的表情的是19世紀(jì)的神經(jīng)學(xué)家杜興·布洛涅。杜興總共發(fā)現(xiàn)了60種面部表情，每一種都需要活動(dòng)其專(zhuān)用的面部肌肉群，而他也在一系列照片中描繪過(guò)。In the most famous of these, an unlucky man has his face contorted into a broad, toothless grin. He looks idiotically happy, with his cheeks pushed up and crows feet around his eye

6、s.其中最有名的就是一名不幸的男子把他的臉扭曲成一個(gè)不露牙齒的咧嘴笑。他看上去像傻瓜一樣高興，臉頰上揚(yáng)，都笑出了魚(yú)尾紋。Its since become known as the felt or Duchenne smile and its associated with genuine feelings of pleasure and giddy happiness.自那以后，這種微笑也被稱(chēng)為“感覺(jué)得到的”微笑或“杜氏”微笑，而這種微笑與真正喜悅的心情以及傻乎乎的幸福感有關(guān)。 2. Fear smile恐懼/敬畏的微笑Though we dont tend to asso

7、ciate smiling with feeling fearful in humans, there are some hints that the fear smile may have lingered on. In babies, a broad grin can either mean theyre happy or distressed and studies have shown that men tend to smile more around those considered to be higher status.雖然我們往往不會(huì)把微笑與人類(lèi)恐懼的感覺(jué)聯(lián)系在一起，但恐懼的

8、微笑可能也有著某些暗示。對(duì)嬰兒而言，咧嘴笑可能意味著他們很高興或很痛苦，研究指出男士往往會(huì)對(duì)著那些被認(rèn)為是地位更高的人微笑。 3. Miserable smile痛苦的微笑The miserable smile is a stoical grin-and-bear-it expression a slight, asymmetric smile with an expression of deep sadness pasted over the top.“痛苦的微笑”是一種克制著情緒并坦然地齜牙咧嘴的笑，也是一種在過(guò)度哀傷后露出的略微有些不對(duì)稱(chēng)的微笑。 

9、4. The dampened smile沮喪的微笑The dampened smile is an attempt to control an automatic, happy one. Intriguingly, this discrepancy even stretches to the way smiles are typed: with a flat mouth and squinting eyes, as opposed to dotted eyes with a curved mouth. This _ instead of this : ).沮喪的微笑是試圖控制無(wú)意識(shí)的情緒而露

10、出的快樂(lè)的微笑。有趣的是，這種自相矛盾甚至延伸到網(wǎng)絡(luò)上輸入微笑的方式：扁著嘴并瞇著眼的笑，與用點(diǎn)表示眼睛，用弧線(xiàn)表示嘴巴的微笑截然不同。也就是_這樣的笑，而不是: )這種笑。 5. Embarrassed smile尷尬的微笑The embarrassed smile is identical, though the two are easily distinguished if not by the flushed cheeks, then the uncomfortable situation which usually precedes it.“尷尬的微笑”（與沮喪的微笑）非常

11、相似，雖然這兩種微笑很容易區(qū)分，如果不是通過(guò)漲紅的臉頰來(lái)判斷，那通常就是通過(guò)不舒服的局面來(lái)判斷的。 6. Qualifier smile裝飾性的微笑The qualifier smile aims to take the edge off bad news, such as the receptionists smile who explains that the next available appointment is in a years time. Its perhaps the most irritating of all the smiles, since it ofte

12、n traps the recipient into smiling back.“裝飾性的微笑”旨在緩和壞消息的影響，例如前臺(tái)解釋下一個(gè)可以預(yù)約的時(shí)間在一年后時(shí)露出的微笑。這可能是所有微笑中最讓人憤怒的一種微笑了，因?yàn)樗T導(dǎo)著所對(duì)之人也微笑地回應(yīng)。 7. Contempt smile輕蔑的微笑The contempt smile indicates a mixture of disgust and resentment and is disconcertingly similar to a smile of true delight, except for the corners

13、 of the lips which appear tightened.“輕蔑的微笑”指的是一種混雜著厭惡和憤恨的微笑，與令人倉(cāng)皇失措的、真正高興的微笑相似，除了嘴角看上去緊繃繃的。 8. Angry-enjoyment smile享受別人的憤怒時(shí)露出的微笑/惡毒的微笑Translating roughly as malicious joy, schadenfreude is the thrill of discovering anothers misfortune. For obvious reasons, this mischievous emotion is best conc

14、ealed from others.（這種微笑）大致可解釋為一種“懷有惡意的快樂(lè)”，幸災(zāi)樂(lè)禍就是當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)他人的不幸時(shí)感到興奮的心情。顯然，這種幸災(zāi)樂(lè)禍的情緒最好瞞著其他人。This blended expression is just one of several smiles with a similar formula, such as enjoyable-contempt, enjoyable-fear and enjoyable-sadness.這種混雜的情緒只是那些有著相似公式的幾種微笑之一，例如享受別人遭到輕視時(shí)、恐懼時(shí)或悲哀時(shí)露出的微笑。 9. Fake smile虛假的

15、微笑Thanks to Duchenne, its widely held that you can easily spot a fake smile by simply looking to the eyes he believed that the eye muscle only contracts when we really mean it.因?yàn)槎攀衔⑿Φ年P(guān)系，人們普遍認(rèn)為你可以很容易地通過(guò)看著一個(gè)人的眼睛來(lái)判斷出虛假的微笑。杜興相信，只有我們真的想笑的時(shí)候，眼部肌肉才會(huì)收縮。Most of us have a lot of practice. Since smiles tend to

16、 accompany greetings, were used to politely lying about our true feelings saying were fine, even when were not with these expressions fixed on our faces.我們多數(shù)人都做過(guò)大量的（微笑）練習(xí)。因?yàn)槲⑿ν殡S著問(wèn)候，我們習(xí)慣于禮貌地隱藏我們真正的心情，甚至在我們不好的時(shí)候，都在臉上掛著這樣的表情說(shuō)著我很好。 10. Flirtatious smile輕浮的笑容Psychologists have known for decades that Leonardo da Vincis masterpiece captures an act of flirtation. The Mona Lisa smile is often described as enigmatic, but its actually