初中英語八種時(shí)態(tài)大全

1、八種時(shí)態(tài)過去現(xiàn)在將來過去將來一般一般過去時(shí)did一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) do(es)一般將來時(shí) will do 一般過去將來時(shí)would do進(jìn)行過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/were doing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) be doing將來進(jìn)行時(shí)will be doing過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí) would be doing完成過去完成時(shí) had done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have done將來完成時(shí)will have done過去將來完成時(shí)would have done一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),或說明主語的特征。用法：A) 表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。 B) 經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動作。常與頻率副詞連用

2、。 Eg.：He always helps others. （他總是幫助別人。） C) 客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。 Eg. The earth turns round the sun.(地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)) Light travels faster than sound.(光傳播比聲音快) D) 表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作，（僅限于某些表示“來、去、動、停、開始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的動詞）可以與表示未來時(shí)間的狀語搭配使用。常見的用法是：飛機(jī)、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通方式。 Eg.The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon

3、. Eg.How often does this shuttle bus run? （這班車多久一趟？） E) 在時(shí)間狀語從句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引導(dǎo))和條件狀語從句中(以if,unless引導(dǎo)),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí),句子可以有將來時(shí)間。Eg.：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德國就給我打電話) If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我們就只好呆在家)時(shí)間狀

4、語：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動詞；行為動詞否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加don't,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動詞。一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首；用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動詞。1 We often _ (play) in the playground.2 _Mike_ (read)

5、 English everyday?3 Mike sometimes_ (go) to the park with her sister.4 She usually _ (watch) TV at 7 oclock.把下列句子變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡柧?。It is a fine day today.否定句：一般疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答：Jills father works in a factory.否定句：一般疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答LHB and LHS share the same room.否定句：一般疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答Her daughter is very young.否定句

6、：一般疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答Geography and physics are my favorite subjects.改錯：Kitty have a good friend. Her name is Alice. They are both eleven years old. They live in the same housing estate, but in different blocks. Kitty live in Block 1 and Alice lives in Block 2.Kitty and Alice usually goes to school togeth

7、er. Sometimes they likes to eat their lunch together and share their food. They always play together after school. They is happy to be together.二、一般過去時(shí)：不規(guī)則動詞表概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。這種動作或狀態(tài)可能是一次性,也可能經(jīng)常發(fā)生。時(shí)間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month), in 1989

8、, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, the other day etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動詞；行為動詞否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動詞。一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動詞do的過去式did 提問，同時(shí)還原行為動詞。a. 過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)Eg.He left for Beijing yesterday morning. 他昨天上午到北京去了。 She wasn't at home last night.

9、她昨晚上在家。 Did you finish your work at four yesterday afternoon? 你昨天下午四點(diǎn)完成工作了嗎？ b表示過去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。 I got up very early at that time. 我那時(shí)總是起得很早。 Mary always got up too late and never had enough time for breakfast when she was at middle school. 瑪麗上中學(xué)時(shí)總是起得很晚，從來都沒有足夠時(shí)間吃早飯。練習(xí)：1. He (live) in Wuxi two years ag

10、o.2. The cat (eat) a bird last night.3. We (have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls (dance) at the

11、 party last night.9. I_ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday last week.10. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 11. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 12. Gao Shan _ (put) up the picture last night. 13. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday. 14. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morni

12、ng?15. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.16. Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. 17. I listened but _ (hear) nothing.18. How many people _ (be) there in your class last term? 改錯題 1How is Jane yesterday? _ 2He go to school by bus last week. _ 3.He often goes home at 6:00 last m

13、onth. _ 4I can fly kites seven years ago. _ 5.Did you saw him just now. _ 變換句型。 1. Frank read an interesting book about history. （一般疑問句） _ Frank _ an interesting book about history? 2. He cleaned his room just now. （劃線提問）What_ he _? 3. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. （否定句） Thomas _ _ RMB 10 on thi

14、s book. 4. My family went to the beach last week. （劃線提問） _ _ _ family _ last week?三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動作及行為。時(shí)間狀語：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首。用法：a現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說話時(shí)謂語的動作正在進(jìn)行。 Who are you waiting for? 你在等誰？ He knows that we are helping h

15、im now. 他知道我們現(xiàn)在正在幫助他 。 b在現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作，但不一定說話時(shí)動作正在進(jìn)行。 The students are working on the farm there days. 這些天學(xué)生們正在農(nóng)場勞動。 c在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中g(shù)o, come, leave, start, arrive等動詞常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用表示將要發(fā)生的動作。 He is coming soon. 他不久就要來了。 Mary is arriving here at 4 oclock this afternoon. 瑪麗今天下午四點(diǎn)到達(dá)這里。 注意： 1）表示狀態(tài)或感覺的動詞，如：know, lov

16、e, like, want, hear, see, think等，一般沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，因?yàn)樗鼈儾荒鼙硎菊谶M(jìn)行的動作。但是，如果詞義發(fā)生變化，能表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動作，也可使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。 Stop, I am thinking. 停下來，我正在想問題呢。 2）無法延續(xù)動作的動詞，如：jump, begin, start, stop等一般不宜用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。但是，若想表示動作反復(fù)或即將發(fā)生，也可使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。He is jumping up and down. 他一下一下地跳個(gè)不停。3)與always, continually, constantly，forever等連用表示經(jīng)常性反復(fù)性的動作表示某

17、種感情色彩。She is always changing her clothes.He is always doing things for other peopleShe is always borrowing money and forgetting to pay me back.【注意】不用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的動詞 表感覺、感官的動詞。See、hear、smell、taste、feel. This cake smells wonderful. 表愛憎的動詞。Like、love、dislike、hate、adore、mind、prefer、 表希望、意愿。Want、wish、desire 表知道

18、、相信、猜想、理解。Know、believe、think、doubt、understand、wonder-The phone is ringing. -I know, I heard it. 表擁有、含有、所有Own、contain、belong to、have【練習(xí)】寫出下列詞的現(xiàn)在分詞play_run_swim_make_go_like_write_ski_read_have_sing_dance_put_see_buy_love_live_take_come_get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_1. Look! These boys _ happily in the

19、swimming pool.A are dancing B are swimming C were singing D have swum 2. She _ (talk) about her new school at the moment.3. The Browns _ (watch) TV now.My father always _(come) back from work very late.4. The teacher is busy. He _ (sleep) six hours a day.5. -Tom is leaving for Disneyland for a holid

20、ay. -Really? When_ he _?A has gone B is leaving C did leave D does go 5. - Lets go shopping, shall we? - Sorry, I cant. I _ my clothes. A have washed B washed C am washing D wash6. Listen! the phone _. Please go to answer it. A is ringing B rings C rang D did ring7. Who _ over there now? A. singing

21、B. are sing C. is singing D. sing8. Its eight oclock. The students _ an English class. A.have B.having C.is having D.are having9. Listen! The baby _ in the next room. A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. cries10. Look! The twins _ new sweaters. A. are wearing B. wearing C. are wear D. is wearing11. Do

22、nt talk here. Grandparents _. A. is sleeping B. are sleeping C. sleeping D. sleep12.The twins usually _ milk and bread for breakfast, but Jim _ some coffee for it. A. have/ have B. have/ has C. has/ have13. My father always _(come) back from work very late.14. The teacher is busy. He _ (sleep) six h

23、ours a day.四、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：概念：表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動作。時(shí)間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were + not + doing.一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。1）構(gòu)成 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由be動詞的過去式加動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成。 肯定式疑問式否定式I was workingWere you working?I was not workingHe / She / it was working.Was

24、he / she / it  working?Yes, he / she / it was.No, he / she / it wasnt.He / she / it was not working.We were working.Were we working?We were not workingYou were workingWere you working?You were not workingThey were workingWere they working?They were not working2）用法 a. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動作，常和表過去的

25、時(shí)間狀語連用，如：I was doing my homework at this time yesterday. 昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在做作業(yè)。They were expecting you yesterday. 他們昨天一直在等待。b. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可與soon, the next moment, in minutes, minutes later等時(shí)間狀語連用，表示一個(gè)新的動作剛剛開始。如：Soon the whole town was talking about it. 不久鎮(zhèn)上的人就都談?wù)撈疬@種事了。c. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來申述原因或用作借口，這種用法常用在口語中。如：- Have you

26、finished your homework, Mary? 瑪麗，你作業(yè)做完了嗎？- No, I was helping my mother is the kitchen all day yesterday. 還沒呢，我昨天一天都幫媽媽在廚房干活。d. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可用來為一個(gè)后一系列動作的發(fā)生提供背景。如：I hurt my leg when I was riding a bike. 我在騎車時(shí)把腿摔壞了。e. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或打算，這時(shí)be動詞was/were要重讀。如：I was writing him a letter this morning and forgot

27、all about it. 我本該今天早上給他寫信的，后來全給忘了。I was seeing her tomorrow. 我本來打算明天會見她。He was watching the play yesterday, but he was too busy. 他昨天本來要看那場戲的，可是太忙了。一般過去時(shí)和過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別（1）一般過去式常表示在過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)（包括過去習(xí)慣動作），常與一般過去時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語有just now, a moment ago, yesterday, last week(month, year), the day before yesterday及表示

28、過去的時(shí)間狀語從句。如：I was sixteen yesterday old last year. 我去年16歲。He worked in a factory in 1986. 他1986年在一家工廠工作。I met her in the street the day before yesterday. 前天我在街上遇見了她。He often swam in the river when he was young. 他小時(shí)候常在河里游泳。（2）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。常與之連用的時(shí)間狀語有，at that time/moment, (at) this time

29、yesterday (last night/Sunday/week), at+點(diǎn)鐘+yesterday (last night / Sunday)，when sb. did sth.等時(shí)間狀語從句。What were you doing at seven p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七點(diǎn)你在干什么？I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到瑪麗是在三年前，當(dāng)時(shí)她在一家無線電商店工作。I was cooking when she knocked at the

30、 door. 她敲門時(shí)我正在做飯。（3）一般過去時(shí)往往表示某一動作已經(jīng)完成，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動作在持續(xù)或未完成。如：I saw you while you were speaking to the teacher. 你在和老師談話時(shí)我看見了你。注意：有的過去時(shí)間狀語既可用于一般過去時(shí)，也可用于過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，但含義不同。如：She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚給她的朋友寫了封信。（信寫完了）She was writing a letter to her friend last night.她昨晚一直在給她的朋友寫信。（信不一定寫完）1.

31、 While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all, work) in the fields.6. Wh

32、ile mother _ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell _ (ring).7. As I _ (walk) in the park, it _ (begin) to rain.8. Even when she _ (be) a child she _ _ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演員).9. It was quite late at night. George _ (read) and Amy _ (ply) her needle when they _ (hear) a knock at

33、the door.10. There _ (be) a group round the fire when they _ (reach) it. An old woman _ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children _ (lie) near her; a donkey _ (bend) his head over a tall girl.1. I _ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2. Mary _ (go) over her lessons

34、from six to seven last night. John and peter _(do) the same thing.3. What _ you _ (do) at that time? We _ (watch) TV.4. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes, he was. He _ (listen) to the radio.5. They _(not make) a model ship when I saw him.6. _ they _ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday after

35、noon?No, they _. They _ (clean) the classroom.7. _ it _(rain) when you left school? Yes, it _. (No, it _)8. What _ your father _ (do) when he was your age?9. One day, Edison _ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(軌道) to play.10. He asked me if I _ (go) fishing tha

36、t afternoon.11. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _ (leave) in five minutes.12. In a letter, john told us that he _ (come) to china next month.13. When the bell rang, jenny _ (wait) in her seat.14. She _ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.15. While my father _ (look) through th

37、e evening paper, he suddenly _ a cry.三、 選擇題。1. I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rang c. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2. He said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try3. While she _ TV, she _ a

38、 sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearing c. watched, heard d. was watching, heard4. They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watching b. watch c. watched d. are watching5. What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday afternoon?a. did, read, was se

39、eing b. did, read, saw c. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing6. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _ ready to fly to England.a. are getting b. get c. were getting d. got7. Lei Feng _ always _ of others when he _ in the army.a. is, thinking, was b. was, thinking, is c. did, think, i

40、s d. was, thinking, was8. A girl _ my pen fall off the table when she _ me.a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was passing9. We _ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us _.a. were waiting, waiting b. were waiting, wait c. waited, waiting d. waited, wait10.

41、He _ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping11. While mother _ some washing, I _ a kite for Kate.a. did, made b. was doing, made c. was doing, was making d. did, was making12. “_ you angry then?” “they _ too much noise.”a. are, wer

42、e making b. were, were making c. are, made d. were, made13. He _ some cooking at that time, so _ mea. did, heard b. did, didnt hear c. was doing, heard d. was doing, didnt hear14. This time yesterday jack _ his bike. He _ TVa. repaired, didnt watch b. was repairing, watched c. repaired, watched d. w

43、as repairing, wasnt watching五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語：already、ever、yet、not yet、just、just before, in the past/last few years基本結(jié)構(gòu)：否定形式：一般疑問句：動詞過去分詞的構(gòu)成，這里只談規(guī)則動詞，既過去式與過去分詞都是加-ed的。有下面四種情況：1一般的也是絕大多數(shù)的動詞是直接在后面加-ed，例如，played2以e結(jié)尾的動詞只加-d，例如，loved3以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i再加-ed4以一個(gè)輔音字

44、母（r/w/y除外）結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)，要雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母再加ed，例如，stopped，planned, preferred等。（三），不規(guī)則動詞的變化規(guī)則：這些不規(guī)則動詞有下面一些規(guī)律可循，1. AAA型：既動詞原形。過去式，過去分詞三者同形。例如：let, set. hit .cut. put, shut .cost. hurt, read. spread2. AAB型：只有一個(gè)，beat-beat-beaten3. ABA型：既過去式與過去分詞不同，但過去分詞與原形相同。如：run. come, become. overcome（克服）4ABB型：既過去式與過去分詞相同，而兩者與原形不同

45、?？煞譃橄旅媪M：第一組：feel. keep. sleep weep sweep meet leave smell. deal spoil spill它們都以t結(jié)尾.第二組：spend lend send build都是變d為t第三組：lose get win shine dig hang都是變其中的元音字母。第四組：bring buy fight think catch teach都以ught結(jié)尾,其中catch, teach以aught結(jié)尾。第五組：tell sell lay pay say 都以“d”結(jié)尾第六組：無規(guī)律組，必須硬記.find stand understand sit h

46、ave make hold hear mean5.ABC型:既過去式，過去分詞與動詞原形三者各不相同。第一組：在過去式上加 -n （注：過去式都是以“o輔音字母+e”結(jié)尾的，但rise除外） break-broke-broken choose-chose-chosen forget-forgot-forgotten(雙寫t) freeze-froze-frozen wake-woke-woken speak-spoke-spoken steal-stole-stolen 第二組 :在原形上加-n see-saw-seen give-gave-given drive-drove-driven t

47、ake-took-taken draw-drew-drawn grow-grew-grown know-knew-known throw-threw-thrown blow-blew-blown show-showed-shown mistake-mistook-mistaken rise-rose-risen第三組：在原形上加 -en write-wrote-written(雙寫t) eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen ride-rode-ridden (雙寫d) hide-hid-hidden(雙寫d) be-was/were-been第四組：符合 i-a-u的原

48、則，并且發(fā)音規(guī)律相同。 begin-began-begun ring-rang-rung sing-sang-sung swim-swam-swum sink-sank-sunk(沉 ) drink-drank-drunk 第五組：bear-bore-born wear-wore-worn tear-tore-torn（流淚）第六組：lie-lay-lain(躺 ) do-did-done go-went-gone fly-flew-flown現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義：（一）、它是過去發(fā)生的或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。 1、表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作（該動作已經(jīng)結(jié)束）對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。例

49、如：He has had his lunch.（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，飽了）。又如：_-Have you done your homework?_-Yes, I have.（強(qiáng)調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，其結(jié)果是作業(yè)已經(jīng)完成了。）2、表示過去已經(jīng)開始，并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，它往往與表示一段時(shí)間段for時(shí)間段，since過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用I have taught here for more than two years. We have lived in this street since 1987. Since for的區(qū)別since后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)或表過去時(shí)的句子 如1993,last term, yesterday

50、, the time I got there for后接一段時(shí)間表“長達(dá)多久”如ten years, a while, two days等。 用since和for填空 1. Jim has been in Ireland _ Monday. 2. His aunt has lived in Australia _15 days. 3. Mary is in her office. She has been there _ 7 o'clock. 4. India has been an independent country _1974. 5. The bus is late. They've been waiting _ 20 minutes. 6. Mike has been ill _a long time. He has been in hospital _ October.（二）、特點(diǎn)：既涉及過去又聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在，動作是過去發(fā)生的，其結(jié)果是現(xiàn)在存在的例如：She has come.（她來了）這句話說明兩點(diǎn)：）她是過去某一時(shí)候來的）她現(xiàn)在仍然在這里，而且主要是說她在這里，動詞用了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在還存在過去的某一動作的結(jié)果或影響，至于她是什么時(shí)候來的，是十分鐘以前還是一個(gè)小時(shí)以前，并不是這句話