輪機(jī)長(zhǎng)用最新輪機(jī)英語(yǔ)4647題庫(kù)

1、編號(hào)問(wèn)題選擇A選擇B選擇C選擇D答案注解1On a large diesel engine installation, crankshaft axial alignment is maintained by the _.piston rod guidesengine thrust bearingcrosshead bearingmain shaft flexible couplingB在大型柴油機(jī)安裝中，曲軸靠推力軸承保持軸向?qū)χ小?A diesel engine which is rated for normal operation at a crankshaft speed of 800

2、rpm, is commonly classed as a _.slow-speed dieselmedium-speed dieselhigh-speed dieselconstant-speed dieselB曲軸轉(zhuǎn)速800轉(zhuǎn)分以額定功率正常運(yùn)行的柴油機(jī)稱 為中速柴油機(jī)。3Which of the following statements is correct concerning available astern power for diesel main propulsion systems?Astern power is to be provided in a sufficient

3、amount to secure proper control of the ship in all normal circumstances.The astern power of the main propelling machinery is to provide for continuous operation astern at 60% of the ahead rpm at rated speed.For main propulsion systems without reversing gears, controllable pitch propellers or electri

4、c propulsion drive, running astern is not to lead to overload conditions.Astern power available will be equal to ahead power when controllable pitch propellers are utilized, thus discounting the need for increased operating parameters.A倒車(chē)功率必須能提供足夠的功率確保在各種正常情況下能夠?qū)Υ斑M(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)目刂啤?When two medium speed dies

5、el engines coupled in parallel to a common propeller shaft that operates at the same speed as the engines, which of the operating conditions listed will apply?Full horsepower is available ahead and astern.One engine must be running ahead and the other astern. Full reversing torque is not available.M

6、echanical reduction gearing is required.D當(dāng)兩臺(tái)中速柴油機(jī)并排連接到同速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的普通螺旋槳軸上，需要機(jī)械減速裝。5Which of the listed design features is most common to a two-stroke/cycle low-speed main propulsion diesel engine?Crosshead construction.Cross-scavenging air flow.Trunk type pistons.Single reduction gearing.A低速二沖程主推進(jìn)柴油機(jī)普遍采用十字

7、頭結(jié)構(gòu)。6A disadvantage of a two-stroke/cycle diesel engine is _.more power strokes per revolutionthe use of scavenge airmore complicated valve gearhigher working temperatures of the piston and cylinderD二沖程柴油機(jī)的缺點(diǎn)是氣缸頭的溫度高。7In comparing engines of equal horsepower, higher exhaust gas temperatures occur in

8、 a/an _.opposed-piston enginedouble-acting enginetwo-stroke/cycle enginefour-stroke/cycle engineD與相同馬力的柴油機(jī)相比，四沖程柴油機(jī)的廢氣溫度高。8The double bottom in a vessel is a space comprised of _.plating forming the engine room tank topdouble plating installed over the flat keel platea watertight boundary formed by

9、the inner bottomcompartments between the inner and outer bottomsD船的雙底殼是由內(nèi)外兩層構(gòu)成的。9A water jacket is placed around the exhaust manifolds of propulsion diesel engines to _.reduce heat radiation to the engine roomaid in preventing turbocharger overheatingcondense and drain moisture from exhaust gasesdam

10、pen exhaust gas pulsations in the manifoldA環(huán)繞排氣總管的水套是為了減少對(duì)機(jī)艙的熱輻射。10Which of the listed types of staring systems is often used on large, low speed, direct reversing, main propulsion diesel engines?Electric.Hydraulic.Air.All of the above.C大型低速可逆轉(zhuǎn)主推進(jìn)柴油機(jī)使用空氣起動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。11The over-speed trip installed on most d

11、iesel engine will stop the engine by shutting off the _.water supplyfuel oil supplylube oil supplyexhaust damperB大多數(shù)柴油機(jī)安裝的超速保護(hù)（停車(chē)）裝置通過(guò)切斷燃油供油使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)停車(chē)。12In a common rail system, excessive pressure in the header may be caused by _.improper adjustment of the bypass valvea dribble in the fuel injection noz

12、zleinsufficient leak-off through injection nozzle packinga malfunctioning injection nozzleA在共軌燃油噴射系統(tǒng)中,集油管壓力過(guò)大可能是由于旁通閥調(diào)節(jié)不當(dāng)而造成的。13Diesel engine electric starting motors generally require heavier duty motors and operaste at higher voltages than comparable starting motors for gasoline engines due to _.h

13、igher speed requiredflywheel-effectlower starting temperatureshigher compression pressuresD因?yàn)橐叩膲嚎s壓力，柴油機(jī)電起動(dòng)馬達(dá)與類(lèi)似的汽油機(jī)的起動(dòng)馬達(dá)相比，要有更大的功率和更高的電壓。14When used with reversing reduction gears, medium-speed diesel engines should be bolted to their foundations with fitted bolts at the drive end and clearance (l

14、oosely fitted) bolts in other locations. This is done to _.maintain alignment when the ships hull is working in heavy seasensure engine vibrations correspond to the natural frequency of the hullpermit the engine to expand away from the driven equipment as the engine heats up and expandsmaintain engi

15、ne thrust bearing clearancesC當(dāng)與倒車(chē)減速裝置一起使用時(shí)，中速柴油機(jī)應(yīng)該在傳動(dòng)端用裝配螺栓與底座連在一起，而在其它地方則用間隙螺栓固定，這樣可使柴油機(jī)熱膨脹時(shí)留有膨脹余地。15A diesel engine with a combustion chamber located between the crowns of two pistons is known as a / an _.double-acting engineopposed pistons enginesingle-acting enginehorizontal acting engineB柴油機(jī)的燃燒

16、室介于兩個(gè)活塞之間，這種發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)稱為“對(duì)置活塞式柴油機(jī)”。16In using reduction gears to obtain efficient propeller speeds, _.they must be located at the after end of the enginethey can only be used with one engine at a timethey eliminate the need for controllable pitch propellersthey are connected to the engine with a flexible c

17、ouplingD減速齒輪與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)采用柔性聯(lián)軸節(jié)連接。17For a given size engine, the two-stroke / cycle diesel engine will deliver more power than a four-stroke / cycle diesel engine because _.it has a longer power strokemore air gets into the cylinder each strokeit develops twice as many power strokes at the same speedhigher

18、combustion pressure is developedC理論上，二沖程柴油機(jī)發(fā)出的功率是相同四沖程柴油機(jī)的兩倍。18The minimum speed an engine must attain before ignition can occur depends upon _.the type and size of the enginethe condition of the engineambient temperatureall of the aboveD發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)發(fā)火之前必須獲得的最低轉(zhuǎn)速取決于發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的類(lèi)型和尺寸、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的狀態(tài)和環(huán)境溫度等因素。19In a diesel engi

19、ne, internal combustion causes the piston to be moved by _.the simple admission of fuel and air into the combustion space onlythe pressure of gases developedspecially designed parts connected to a shaftthe concept of reciprocityB在柴油機(jī)工作時(shí)，內(nèi)部燃燒引起活塞被燃?xì)鈮毫︱?qū)動(dòng)。20Diesel engines are classified as reciprocatin

20、g internal combustion engines because they _.use energy from fuel burned outside their cylindersburn fuel in a combustion chamber that moves back and forthburn fuel in a chamber where its energy moves a piston back and forthuse a continuous combustion process to impart rotary motion to the pistonsC把

21、柴油機(jī)歸類(lèi)于往復(fù)式內(nèi)燃機(jī)，是因?yàn)槿加驮谌紵覂?nèi)被燃燒，產(chǎn)生能量使活塞作往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)。21A main propulsion diesel engine is normally shut down by _.shutting off the air supplyover-speeding the enginesecuring the fuel supplysecuring the ignition systemC主推進(jìn)柴油機(jī)是通過(guò)切斷燃油供應(yīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)停車(chē)的。22The thermal energy produced by an internal combustion engine is transfor

22、med into _.combustion energyinternal energyexternal energymechanical energyD內(nèi)燃機(jī)產(chǎn)生的熱能轉(zhuǎn)換成機(jī)械能。23Maximum horsepower of a diesel engine is attained _.when the engine RPM is pulled down by overloadat rated engine RPMat 95% of rated engine RPMat 95% of a properly adjusted governor RPM with the engine under

23、 full loadB在額定轉(zhuǎn)速時(shí)所產(chǎn)生的功率是柴油機(jī)的最大功率。24As a heat engine, _ energy is the source of power by which the diesel engine can be operated.electricheatmechanicalexhaustB柴油機(jī)作為熱機(jī)，熱能是其功率的來(lái)源。25Because the castings of smaller engines are not so big and heavy, _ and cylinder block may be made in one piece.the column

24、the jacketcylinder covercylinder linerA由于小型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的鑄件不是很重也不是很大，機(jī)架和氣缸體可以做成一體。26_ system is arranged to ensure that water can be drawn from any tank or the sea and discharged to any other tank or the sea as required to trim the vessel.The domestic waterBilge waterOil transferThe ballastD壓載水系統(tǒng)用來(lái)確保能從任一個(gè)艙或海中

25、吸入海水，也能將水排到任一艙或海中，達(dá)到平衡船舶之目的。27If you vessel burns 8 tons of fuel per hour at 15 knots, how many tons per hour will it burn at 18 knots?13.82 tons15.61 tons16.00 tons16.37 tonsA船舶以15節(jié)的速度航行時(shí)耗油8噸，那么以18節(jié)的速度航行時(shí)的耗油量為：M2=（V2 / V1）3M1=（18 / 15）38=13.82（噸）。28Each cylinder liner on the marine medium speed eng

26、ines _.is usually cooled by sea watercan be replaced when worn outis in direct contact with the water in the bore of the cylindercant expand when heatedB船用柴油機(jī)的缸套磨損后可以更換。29Energy losses due to _ occur in every machine.speedfrictionimpactatmosphereB由于磨擦造成的能量損失在每一臺(tái)機(jī)器都存在。30Hitachi B&W, 2-stroke cycle, s

27、ingle acting direct reversible, cross-head, welding design type diesel engine with turbo-charge, these information refers to _.the type of a pumpthe type of a turbo-chargethe type of an accessory equipmentthe type of a main engineD日立B&W、二沖程循環(huán)、單作用直接換向、十字頭、焊接設(shè)計(jì)、帶渦輪增壓等等，顯然介紹的都是主機(jī)的特性。31If the buoyant fo

28、rce on a ships hull is equal to or greater than the displacement tonnage, the ship will _.require ballast added to only the port side tanksbe down by the headsinkfloatD如果船體浮力等于或大于船舶的排水量，船舶就能浮在水面上?！癰uoyant force、displacement tonnage”意為“浮力、排水量噸位”32The stability of a vessel is normally the greatest whe

29、n all fuel and water tanks are full because the _.center of gravity is loweredcenter of buoyancy is loweredreserve buoyancy is unchangedhull freeboard is increasedA當(dāng)所有水艙和燃油艙都注滿時(shí)，由于重心降低，船舶的穩(wěn)性最好。33_ thrust and resistance equal each other, the ship always travels at a constant speed.As long asAs far as

30、As well asUnlessA只要船舶的推力與阻力相等，船舶將勻速前進(jìn)?！癮s long as”意為“只要”34Wake varies considerably with the form of the vessel, but, generally speaking, the bluffer the ship _ the wake value.the higherthe lowerthe fasterthe slowerA船舶產(chǎn)生的伴流與船舶形態(tài)有很大關(guān)系。一般地說(shuō)，船舶的線型越肥滿，產(chǎn)生的伴流就越大?！皐ake”意為“【船】伴流，尾流，航跡”；“bluff”意為“船頭平闊而垂直的，肥滿線

31、形的，非流線型的”35In moving forward, a ship imparts forward motion to the water at the sterns this is known as _.the speed of the vesselthe speed of the propellerthe wakethe wake fractionC船舶前進(jìn)時(shí)，帶動(dòng)艉部的水產(chǎn)生向前運(yùn)動(dòng)，這就是所謂的“伴流”?！癷mpart M to N”意為“將M傳授于（傳給）N”36_ can be found on most medium to large merchant vessels ev

32、en if the main engine is either a steam turbine or a 2-stroke crosshead engine.The medium speed 4-stroke trunk piston engineThe low speed 2-stroke crosshead engineThe medium speed 2-stroke crosshead engineThe low speed 4-stoke piston engine A中速四沖程筒狀活塞式柴油機(jī)可見(jiàn)于大多數(shù)的中型和大型商船，即使其主機(jī)是蒸汽透平或是二沖程十字頭式柴油機(jī)?！癳ven i

33、f”意為“即使”。37_ allows the engines to be placed wherever is most suitable, as they no longer have to be aligned with reduction gearing and shafting as is the case with conventional installations.Diesel engine propulsionDiesel electric propulsionSteam engine propulsionGas turbine propulsion B柴油機(jī)電力推進(jìn)系統(tǒng)的柴

34、油機(jī)可布置在（機(jī)艙的）最佳位置，而不用象常規(guī)裝置那樣考慮柴油機(jī)與減速器和軸系的對(duì)中問(wèn)題。38Medium speed engines have a _ power to weight ratio than the slow speed two strokes, but due to the higher speeds tend to have _ maintenance intervals.higher / reducedhigher / increasedlower / reducedlower / increasedA中速機(jī)與低速二沖程機(jī)相比有較高的功率/重量比，但也因其高速使得維修間隔縮

35、短。39Special thrust devices are provided on ships to improve their _ at zero ship speed when the rudder is relatively ineffective.maneuvering capabilitiesstarting capabilitiesstopping capabilitiesacceleration capabilities A特殊的推進(jìn)設(shè)備（側(cè)推器）被安裝在船舶上，在船速為零，無(wú)舵效時(shí)改善船舶的機(jī)動(dòng)能力。40The diesel engine is similar to the

36、gasoline engine in that _.both of them are ignited by compressed airboth of them are the forms of external combustion enginesboth of them have spark plugsthe power is developed by the piston in the cylinder D柴油機(jī)和汽油機(jī)的相似點(diǎn)在于都使用活塞傳遞功率。41The reason why more and more of the large merchant vessels are bein

37、g powered by medium-speed diesel engines is _.they operate between 150 and 450 rpmthey are connected to the propeller by gearingtheir smaller size and weightthey can be connected directly to the propeller without gearing C越來(lái)越多的商船使用中速柴油機(jī)，原因在于它們體積小，重量輕。42Gas turbines differ from steam turbines in that

38、 _.steam rather than gas is used to turn a shaftvapor rather than gas is used to turn a shaftthe former uses gas to turn a shaftthe latter uses gas to turn a shaft C燃?xì)鉁u輪和蒸汽渦輪區(qū)別在于前者使用燃?xì)怛?qū)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)軸。43A ship designed for carrying goods requiring refrigeration is called _.REEEERRO/RO SHIPCONTAINERTANKER A被設(shè)計(jì)裝載

39、需要制冷的貨物的船舶稱為“REEEER”。44The additional mark _ in the Classification Certificate for Machinery represents the propulsion apparatus is remotely controlled on the navigating bridge control station, and engine room is watched by duty personnel.BRCMCCAUT-0AUT-1 A船級(jí)證書(shū)中對(duì)于機(jī)械設(shè)備的附加標(biāo)志BRC，代表了推進(jìn)裝置可以由駕駛臺(tái)遠(yuǎn)程控制，機(jī)艙由輪機(jī)

40、值班人員負(fù)責(zé)當(dāng)班。45The additional mark _ in the Classification Certificate for Machinery represents that personnel are watching at engine assembly control station and monitoring all machinery and electronic devices.BRCMCCAUT-0AUT-1 B船級(jí)證書(shū)中對(duì)于機(jī)械設(shè)備的附加標(biāo)志MCC，代表了輪機(jī)人員集控室值班，監(jiān)控所有機(jī)械和電子設(shè)備。46The additional mark _ in the

41、 Classification Certificate for Machinery means propulsion apparatus is remotely controlled on the navigating bridge control station, and engine assembly control station is watched by duty personnel.BRCMCCAUT-0AUT-1 D船級(jí)證書(shū)中對(duì)于機(jī)械設(shè)備的附加標(biāo)志AUT-1，代表了推進(jìn)裝置由駕駛臺(tái)遠(yuǎn)控，輪機(jī)人員集控室值班（至少有一人）。47The additional mark _ in the

42、 Classification Certificate for Machinery means propulsion apparatus is remotely controlled on the navigating bridge control station, and engine assembly control station is unmanned periodically.BRCMCCAUT-0AUT-1 C船級(jí)證書(shū)中對(duì)于機(jī)械設(shè)備的附加標(biāo)志AUT-0，代表了推進(jìn)裝置駕駛臺(tái)遠(yuǎn)控，機(jī)艙無(wú)人值班。48(Piston area)(Piston stroke)(numbers of the

43、 cylinders)=engine _.brake horsepowerdisplacementcylinder volumecylinder clearance B活塞面積活塞沖程氣缸數(shù)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)排量49The depth of fuel oil in a tank is normally measured through the _.vent lineoverflow linefeed linesounding tube D油艙深度通過(guò)測(cè)深管來(lái)測(cè)量。Sounding tube：測(cè)深管50Which of the devices listed is installed on a diesel

44、engine to isolate some of the crankshaft vibrations caused by rotational and reciprocating forces?Planetary gear setTorsional vibration damperFriction clutchAir bladder clutch B由于回轉(zhuǎn)力和往復(fù)力造成的曲軸振動(dòng)可以通過(guò)扭振減震器來(lái)隔離。Torsional vibration damper：扭振減震器51Critical speed in diesel engines occurs when engine torque p

45、ulsations become _.opposed to the crankshaft rocking coupleresonant with the crankshaft natural frequencycritical fore and aft crankshaft vibrationshorizontal whipping motions of the crankshaft B臨界轉(zhuǎn)速時(shí)柴油機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩波動(dòng)和曲軸的自然頻率發(fā)生共振。Resonant：引起共鳴的52Some medium and high-speed diesel engines require reduction gea

46、r units to provide a useful propeller speed. In most reduction gears, the bull gear _.must churn the oil in the sumpis connected to the propeller shaftis driven at the highest RPMcompensates for alignment variations between the engine and pinion gearB一些中高速柴油機(jī)需要減速箱來(lái)為螺旋槳提供合適的轉(zhuǎn)速。在大多數(shù)減速箱中，從動(dòng)齒輪是和螺旋槳軸相連的。

47、Bull gear：大齒輪, 從動(dòng)齒輪；churn：攪乳器，攪拌, 攪動(dòng)；compensate：償還, 補(bǔ)償, 付報(bào)酬；alignment variation：對(duì)中變化；pinion gear：小齒輪53A clearly visible benefit of RT-flex system is their _ operation at all ship speeds. This is achieved by the superior combustion performance.shock lesssmokelessno vibrationnoiselessBRT-flex系統(tǒng)的明顯好處是在

48、如何船速下的無(wú)煙運(yùn)行。這可以通過(guò)超級(jí)燃燒來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)。Benefit：利益，好處，獲益；superior：較高的, 上級(jí)的, 上好的, 出眾的, 高傲的54The key feature of the Sulzer RT-flex system is that it gives complete freedom in the _ and operation of fuel injection and exhaust valve actuation.meteringcontrolusingtimingDSulzer RT-flex系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵特色是在噴油定時(shí)和氣閥定時(shí)方面的自如控制。省卻了凸輪軸，控制更

49、加方便55_ is used for washing and drinking.The ballast systemThe salt water systemThe bilge systemThe domestic systemD船舶日用水系統(tǒng)提供盥洗水和飲用水。56In heavy marine engine the practice is to drive the engine on _ which has previously been stored in starting air reservoirs.electric motorhydraulic motorcompressed ai

50、rturning gearC對(duì)于大型船舶柴油機(jī)，通常的做法是采用壓縮空氣（事先存放在壓縮空氣瓶?jī)?nèi)的空氣）來(lái)起動(dòng)的。57The development goals for a large marine engine are many often interact and in some cases even _ with each otherconflictaccordharmonizestruggleA大型船舶發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的發(fā)展目標(biāo)往往是相互相成，有時(shí)甚至是相互沖突。注意點(diǎn)：conflict with：與相互沖突，抵觸58The abbreviation M/E is used to represe

51、nt the _.measure equipmentmain electricalmy enginemain engineD主機(jī)的縮略語(yǔ)是“M/E”。abbreviation：n.縮寫(xiě), 縮寫(xiě)詞59Marine four-stroke diesel engines are mainly _.of crosshead typeof trunk piston typeof low speed typeall the aboveB極大多數(shù)船用四沖程柴油機(jī)屬于筒狀活塞式。60We have stayed at Shanghai port for a long time. The fouling on

52、the ships hull greatly increases her _.powerspeedresistancethrust forceC我們已在上海港停留了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。船體污染大大增加了船舶的阻力。61_ are increasingly used as main engine on merchant vessels, because they have a high Hp/Weight ratio.Slow speed diesel enginesMedium-speed diesel enginesSteam enginesGasoline enginesB中速機(jī)作為商船的主機(jī)有增加

53、的趨勢(shì)是因?yàn)槠渚哂休^高的功率重量比。62Propulsion of the vast majority of contemporary merchant ship (especially containerships and VLCCs) utilizes _ as prime mover.gas turbinediesel enginesteam enginegasoline engineB當(dāng)代大多數(shù)商船（特別是集裝箱船和超大型油輪）都采用柴油機(jī)作為推進(jìn)船舶的原動(dòng)機(jī)。63Typical marine propulsion plants include _ directly coupled t

54、o the vessels single large-diameter, fixed-pitch propeller.a single, long-stroke, slow-speed, turbocharged, two-stroke diesel enginea single, long-stroke, medium-speed, turbocharged, four-stroke diesel enginetwo medium-speed, turbocharged, four-stroke diesel Enginesa variable-speed AC generatorA典型的船

55、舶推進(jìn)裝置包括一臺(tái)長(zhǎng)沖程低速增壓二沖程柴油機(jī)和一個(gè)大直徑定矩槳，兩者直接連軸。64With _, the engine need not to be aligned with reduction gears or propeller shaft.Diesel engine propulsionDiesel electric propulsionSteam engine propulsionGas turbine propulsionB對(duì)于柴電推進(jìn)，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)不必與減速箱或螺旋槳軸對(duì)中。65Diesel engines instead of steam engines were used as ma

56、in engine on board ships is mainly because _.they have a high mechanical efficiencythey have a high thermal efficiencythey are more reliablethey are good lookingB船舶上柴油機(jī)取代蒸汽機(jī)作為主機(jī)主要是因其熱效率高。66When ship is fouled, increasing the fuel injection for keeping the normal speed will cause the main engine _ .to work as overload ch