大專英語UNIT1

1、一、情景導(dǎo)入一、情景導(dǎo)入二、詞語與表達(dá)二、詞語與表達(dá)三、美文賞析三、美文賞析UNIT 1 At the Airport一、情景導(dǎo)入一、情景導(dǎo)入v內(nèi)容提要內(nèi)容提要vThis unit is composed of two dialogues and one passage. They are about some activities at the airport. Dialogue 1 tells the situation of seeing-off at the airport between two friends, and Dialogue 2 mentions what to be

2、declared at the customs of the airport. In the passage, well know the procedures of boarding before departing.v本單元由兩部分組成：本單元由兩部分組成：2段對(duì)話和段對(duì)話和1篇短文。它們都涉及了飛篇短文。它們都涉及了飛機(jī)乘客在機(jī)場(chǎng)要做的一些事情。對(duì)話機(jī)乘客在機(jī)場(chǎng)要做的一些事情。對(duì)話1主要講述了兩個(gè)朋友主要講述了兩個(gè)朋友在機(jī)場(chǎng)送別的情景，對(duì)話在機(jī)場(chǎng)送別的情景，對(duì)話2講述了乘客在機(jī)場(chǎng)海關(guān)申報(bào)隨身講述了乘客在機(jī)場(chǎng)海關(guān)申報(bào)隨身攜帶物品的情況。在短文中，我們將了解到飛機(jī)起飛前乘客攜帶物品的情況。在

3、短文中，我們將了解到飛機(jī)起飛前乘客登機(jī)的具體步驟。登機(jī)的具體步驟。文化背景知識(shí)文化背景知識(shí) Commercial airports are designed to transfer passengers and freight to and from aircraft. In order to accomplish this transfer as efficiently and as safely as possible, airport operations are grouped into four general areas： Aircraft services, passenger

4、and freight services, support services, and airport security. Aircraft services focus on the flight, maintenance, and refueling of aircraft at the airport, as well as on air traffic control around the airport. The primary requirement of aircraft at an airport is an adequate runway. The runway of an

5、airport allows aircraft to land at and take off from the airport. Airport runways are arranged to permit the maximum number of safe takeoffs and landings in all weather conditions.Passenger services are centered in the terminal building, where passengers purchase tickets, load and retrieve baggage,

6、and enter and exit aircraft. Terminals are designed in a variety of ways depending on the needs and size of a given airport. The airport terminal building provides all major passenger services, such as ticket sales, passenger check-in, baggage handling, and security. Inside the terminal, airline emp

7、loyees make flight reservations for travelers, issue seat assignments, and coordinate aircraft boarding. Baggage systems in the terminal distribute the luggage from each arriving flight and place the bags on large rotating carousels, where passengers reclaim their belongings. International airports

8、also maintain customs and immigration areas for foreign travelers. Airports also provide many support services indirectly related to air travel, such as restaurants, shops, parking, and aircraft emergency services. Most terminals at commercial airports contain restaurants, lounges, car rental agenci

9、es, banking services, newsstands, and other retail establishments. Larger terminals may also include observation stations, currency exchanges, a post office, and chapels. Some airports feature office areas, where traveling businesspeople can send and receive electronic mail and fax messages and also

10、 make telephone calls. Finally, airport security involves ensuring the safety of passengers and aircraft by screening passengers and their luggage for weapons or explosives. 民用機(jī)場(chǎng)的建造是用飛機(jī)來運(yùn)送旅客和貨物。為了使運(yùn)輸過程民用機(jī)場(chǎng)的建造是用飛機(jī)來運(yùn)送旅客和貨物。為了使運(yùn)輸過程盡可能高效和安全，機(jī)場(chǎng)的運(yùn)作分成四個(gè)區(qū)：飛機(jī)服務(wù)區(qū)、旅客和盡可能高效和安全，機(jī)場(chǎng)的運(yùn)作分成四個(gè)區(qū)：飛機(jī)服務(wù)區(qū)、旅客和貨物服務(wù)區(qū)、支持服務(wù)和機(jī)場(chǎng)安

11、全。貨物服務(wù)區(qū)、支持服務(wù)和機(jī)場(chǎng)安全。 飛機(jī)服務(wù)主要針對(duì)飛行，維護(hù)，飛機(jī)在機(jī)場(chǎng)加油以及機(jī)場(chǎng)附近飛機(jī)服務(wù)主要針對(duì)飛行，維護(hù)，飛機(jī)在機(jī)場(chǎng)加油以及機(jī)場(chǎng)附近的空中交通管制。飛機(jī)在機(jī)場(chǎng)需要的最基礎(chǔ)的設(shè)施是一條足夠長(zhǎng)的的空中交通管制。飛機(jī)在機(jī)場(chǎng)需要的最基礎(chǔ)的設(shè)施是一條足夠長(zhǎng)的跑道。機(jī)場(chǎng)的跑道可以讓飛機(jī)在機(jī)場(chǎng)起飛和降落。機(jī)場(chǎng)跑道的設(shè)計(jì)跑道。機(jī)場(chǎng)的跑道可以讓飛機(jī)在機(jī)場(chǎng)起飛和降落。機(jī)場(chǎng)跑道的設(shè)計(jì)允許在全天候條件下升降最多數(shù)量的飛機(jī)。允許在全天候條件下升降最多數(shù)量的飛機(jī)。 旅客服務(wù)區(qū)圍繞停機(jī)樓開展，在這里旅客可以買票，運(yùn)取行李旅客服務(wù)區(qū)圍繞停機(jī)樓開展，在這里旅客可以買票，運(yùn)取行李和進(jìn)出飛機(jī)。各種停機(jī)樓的設(shè)計(jì)是根據(jù)機(jī)

12、場(chǎng)大小和旅客需求做出的。和進(jìn)出飛機(jī)。各種停機(jī)樓的設(shè)計(jì)是根據(jù)機(jī)場(chǎng)大小和旅客需求做出的。機(jī)場(chǎng)的停機(jī)樓提供幾乎所有的旅客服務(wù)，例如賣票，登機(jī)手續(xù)，行機(jī)場(chǎng)的停機(jī)樓提供幾乎所有的旅客服務(wù)，例如賣票，登機(jī)手續(xù)，行李，安檢等。在停機(jī)樓內(nèi)，航空公司的職員可以提供預(yù)定，發(fā)放登李，安檢等。在停機(jī)樓內(nèi)，航空公司的職員可以提供預(yù)定，發(fā)放登機(jī)牌，協(xié)調(diào)登機(jī)等。停機(jī)樓里的行李系統(tǒng)能夠把到達(dá)飛機(jī)上的行李機(jī)牌，協(xié)調(diào)登機(jī)等。停機(jī)樓里的行李系統(tǒng)能夠把到達(dá)飛機(jī)上的行李分揀，并放在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的帶子上，在哪里旅客可以領(lǐng)取自己的行李。國(guó)分揀，并放在轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的帶子上，在哪里旅客可以領(lǐng)取自己的行李。國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)還有針對(duì)外國(guó)人的海關(guān)和移民服務(wù)區(qū)。際機(jī)場(chǎng)還有針

13、對(duì)外國(guó)人的海關(guān)和移民服務(wù)區(qū)。 機(jī)場(chǎng)也提供與航空旅行相關(guān)的間接服務(wù)，例如飯店，商店，機(jī)場(chǎng)也提供與航空旅行相關(guān)的間接服務(wù)，例如飯店，商店，停車，以及飛機(jī)應(yīng)急服務(wù)。大部分民用機(jī)場(chǎng)的停機(jī)樓都有飯停車，以及飛機(jī)應(yīng)急服務(wù)。大部分民用機(jī)場(chǎng)的停機(jī)樓都有飯店，休息室，租車服務(wù)，銀行，報(bào)亭和其他零售業(yè)務(wù)。大的店，休息室，租車服務(wù)，銀行，報(bào)亭和其他零售業(yè)務(wù)。大的停機(jī)樓可能還有觀測(cè)站，外幣兌換，郵局和小教堂。有些機(jī)停機(jī)樓可能還有觀測(cè)站，外幣兌換，郵局和小教堂。有些機(jī)場(chǎng)有商務(wù)區(qū)，在這里，商務(wù)人士可以收發(fā)郵件和傳真，或者場(chǎng)有商務(wù)區(qū)，在這里，商務(wù)人士可以收發(fā)郵件和傳真，或者打電話。打電話。 最后，機(jī)場(chǎng)安全涉及到對(duì)旅客和行李

14、掃描，檢查武器和爆最后，機(jī)場(chǎng)安全涉及到對(duì)旅客和行李掃描，檢查武器和爆炸物，以保證旅客安全和飛機(jī)安全。炸物，以保證旅客安全和飛機(jī)安全。熱身活動(dòng)熱身活動(dòng)1. Ask the students to tell their own experiences of seeing off their friends at the (railway or bus) station or the airport. At the same time, the students are asked to tell the procedures of getting on a vehicle (train or bu

15、s) or boarding a plane if they have such an experience. Therefore, it would be helpful to understanding the dialogues and the passage of Unit 1首先要求學(xué)生講述自己去車站（火車站或汽車站）送別朋友的親身首先要求學(xué)生講述自己去車站（火車站或汽車站）送別朋友的親身經(jīng)歷。然后要求他們講出上車（火車或汽車）或上機(jī)前的一些步驟。經(jīng)歷。然后要求他們講出上車（火車或汽車）或上機(jī)前的一些步驟。這樣有助于他們理解本單元的對(duì)話和文章。這樣有助于他們理解本單元的對(duì)話和文章。2

16、. Brainstorming Ask the students to make dialogues about their own experiences of seeing off their friends. If they have some problems when expressing themselves, teachers give them some help, for example, providing some relative words or phrases adding some procedures which the students miss.要求學(xué)生根據(jù)

17、自己送別的經(jīng)歷編一段對(duì)話。如遇到問題，教師應(yīng)給要求學(xué)生根據(jù)自己送別的經(jīng)歷編一段對(duì)話。如遇到問題，教師應(yīng)給予他們一些幫助，比如提供一些相關(guān)的詞或短語，補(bǔ)足學(xué)生遺漏的予他們一些幫助，比如提供一些相關(guān)的詞或短語，補(bǔ)足學(xué)生遺漏的一些步驟等。一些步驟等。二、詞語與表達(dá)二、詞語與表達(dá)v單詞與短語單詞與短語v1. Custom n.v(1) the governmental agency authorized to collect these duties：海關(guān)海關(guān)ve.g. At the airport; the customs officers searched his case.v在機(jī)場(chǎng)，海關(guān)人員檢查

18、了他的箱子。在機(jī)場(chǎng)，海關(guān)人員檢查了他的箱子。v(2) a practice followed by people of a particular group or region：習(xí)俗，習(xí)俗，風(fēng)俗風(fēng)俗ve.g. When visiting a foreign country, we must respect the countrys customs.v我們?nèi)ネ鈬?guó)訪問時(shí)，必須尊重該國(guó)的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。我們?nèi)ネ鈬?guó)訪問時(shí)，必須尊重該國(guó)的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。v(3) a habitual practice of a person：習(xí)慣習(xí)慣ve.g. His custom was to get up early and

19、have a cold bath.v他的習(xí)慣是早起，然后洗個(gè)冷水澡。他的習(xí)慣是早起，然后洗個(gè)冷水澡。2. Declare v. (1) to make a full statement of (dutiable goods, for example)： 申報(bào)（如，可納稅品）申報(bào)（如，可納稅品）e.g. Have you anything to declare?你有要申報(bào)納稅的物品嗎？你有要申報(bào)納稅的物品嗎？(2) To make a declaration：公告，發(fā)表宣言，聲明公告，發(fā)表宣言，聲明e.g. The enemy eventually declared to be defeated

20、.敵人最終宣告失敗了。敵人最終宣告失敗了。3. purpose: n. (1) an aim or a goal：目標(biāo)或目的目標(biāo)或目的e.g. on purpose 故意地；有意地故意地；有意地And ever those, who would gain enjoyment must find it in the purpose they pursue.于是那些想要得到快樂的人一定會(huì)在他們的追求的目標(biāo)中尋求到于是那些想要得到快樂的人一定會(huì)在他們的追求的目標(biāo)中尋求到它。它。(2) a result or an effect that is intended or desired; an inte

21、ntion; intention 效用，效果：預(yù)期的或希望產(chǎn)生的效果或結(jié)果；意圖效用，效果：預(yù)期的或希望產(chǎn)生的效果或結(jié)果；意圖e.g. live to some purpose 活得有意義活得有意義4. Excess: n.the state of exceeding what is normal or sufficient: 超過：超越正?；蜃銐虻臓顟B(tài)超過：超越正?；蜃銐虻臓顟B(tài)e.g. rains that filled the reservoirs to excess.大雨使水庫的水超過了蓄水容量大雨使水庫的水超過了蓄水容量(2) the amount or degree by which

22、 one quantity exceeds another:多余量：一個(gè)數(shù)目超出另一個(gè)數(shù)目的數(shù)量或程度多余量：一個(gè)數(shù)目超出另一個(gè)數(shù)目的數(shù)量或程度e.g. Profit is the excess of sales over costs.利潤(rùn)就是價(jià)格超出成本的部分。利潤(rùn)就是價(jià)格超出成本的部分。5. Representative 1）n. one that serves as a delegate or an agent for another: 代理人：作為代表他人的代表或代理的人或公司代理人：作為代表他人的代表或代理的人或公司e.g. a representative of a company

23、 公司的代表司的代表2）adj. 典型的；代表性的典型的；代表性的e.g. The representatives were all amazed by what had happened in the factory.代表們聽了這個(gè)工廠里發(fā)生的事都感到驚愕。代表們聽了這個(gè)工廠里發(fā)生的事都感到驚愕。6. taxi1) n. a taxicab： 出租汽車出租汽車e.g. take a taxi to the station 坐出租汽車去車站坐出租汽車去車站2) v. (1) to be transported by taxi：乘出租車乘出租車e.g. John taxied to the ai

24、rport. 約翰乘出租車去了機(jī)場(chǎng)。約翰乘出租車去了機(jī)場(chǎng)。(2) to move slowly on the ground or on the surface of the water before takeoff or after landing：滑行：起飛前或降落后在地面或水面上緩慢地移動(dòng)滑行：起飛前或降落后在地面或水面上緩慢地移動(dòng)e.g. An airplane is taxiing down the runway.一架飛機(jī)在跑道上慢慢地滑行。一架飛機(jī)在跑道上慢慢地滑行。Phrases and Expressions：1. make it：(口口)達(dá)到預(yù)定目標(biāo)達(dá)到預(yù)定目標(biāo), 及時(shí)抵達(dá)及時(shí)

25、抵達(dá), 走完路程走完路程e.g. He finally made it as an actor. 最后他成了一名成功的演員。最后他成了一名成功的演員。He wont be able to make it home at Christmastime. 圣誕節(jié)時(shí)他不了家。圣誕節(jié)時(shí)他不了家。2. seeoff：為為送行，向送行，向告別；抵擋，經(jīng)受住告別；抵擋，經(jīng)受住e.g. The hostess saw the guests off at the door. 女主人把客人送到了門口。女主人把客人送到了門口。They saw off three enemy attacks within 3 days

26、. 他們?cè)谌熘写蛲肆藬橙说娜芜M(jìn)攻。他們?cè)谌熘写蛲肆藬橙说娜芜M(jìn)攻。3. take off：脫掉（衣服等）；起飛脫掉（衣服等）；起飛e.g. After entering the room, he took off his raincoat. 進(jìn)了屋子，他便脫掉了雨衣。進(jìn)了屋子，他便脫掉了雨衣。 The plane took off on time. 飛機(jī)準(zhǔn)時(shí)起飛飛機(jī)準(zhǔn)時(shí)起飛課文精講課文精講You can stay here one more month.譯文：你可以再多呆一個(gè)月。譯文：你可以再多呆一個(gè)月。解析：解析：one more month，多一個(gè)月；這是由形容詞比較級(jí)來修飾名詞的多

27、一個(gè)月；這是由形容詞比較級(jí)來修飾名詞的例子。注意數(shù)詞與形容詞在一起修飾名詞時(shí)的順序。例子。注意數(shù)詞與形容詞在一起修飾名詞時(shí)的順序。句子成分：句子成分：You can stay here one more month.主語主語 謂語助動(dòng)詞謂語助動(dòng)詞 謂語謂語 狀語狀語 時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語2. You can take your time.譯文：你可以不著急了。譯文：你可以不著急了。解析：解析：take ones time 不著急不著急句子成分：句子成分：You can take your time.主語主語 謂語助動(dòng)詞謂語助動(dòng)詞 謂語謂語 定語定語 賓語賓語3. Do you have anyth

28、ing to declare?譯文：你有什么該申報(bào)的嗎？譯文：你有什么該申報(bào)的嗎？解析：解析：declare，to make a full statement of (dutiable goods, for example)申報(bào)（例如，可納稅品）的意思。申報(bào)（例如，可納稅品）的意思。To declare在句子中做在句子中做定語，修飾定語，修飾anything，即海關(guān)需要防范走私，因此，翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)該是即海關(guān)需要防范走私，因此，翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)該是問有沒有應(yīng)該納稅的物品。問有沒有應(yīng)該納稅的物品。句子成分：句子成分： Do you have anything to declare?謂語助動(dòng)詞謂語助動(dòng)詞 主語主

29、語 謂語謂語 賓語賓語 定語定語4. Usually you are permitted 20 kilos.譯文：一般允許你帶譯文：一般允許你帶20千克。千克。解析：解析：這是一個(gè)被動(dòng)句，但是在翻譯時(shí)，如果說成：你被允許帶這是一個(gè)被動(dòng)句，但是在翻譯時(shí)，如果說成：你被允許帶20千克千克，不是很符合漢語的說話習(xí)慣，因此在翻譯時(shí)，需要做適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整。不是很符合漢語的說話習(xí)慣，因此在翻譯時(shí)，需要做適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整。句子成分：句子成分：Usually you are permitted 20 kilos. 狀語狀語 主語主語 謂語謂語 賓語賓語5. First you go to the check-in de

30、sk where they weigh your luggage. 譯文：你首先要去行李稱重處辦理登機(jī)手續(xù)。譯文：你首先要去行李稱重處辦理登機(jī)手續(xù)。解析：解析：這個(gè)句子中包含一個(gè)限定性定語從句這個(gè)句子中包含一個(gè)限定性定語從句where they weigh your luggage, 先行詞是先行詞是the check-in desk, where是關(guān)系副詞，是關(guān)系副詞，the check-in desk 在定語從句中作狀語。在定語從句中作狀語。在翻譯限定性定語從句時(shí)通常把定語從句部分置于先行詞前。在翻譯限定性定語從句時(shí)通常把定語從句部分置于先行詞前。句子成分：句子成分：First you g

31、o to the check-in desk where they weigh your 狀語狀語 主語主語 謂語謂語 賓語賓語luggage.定語定語 6. Then you go through passport control where an official checks your passport, and into the departure lounge. 譯文：然后你再通過工作人員檢查護(hù)照的邊防檢查站，進(jìn)入候機(jī)譯文：然后你再通過工作人員檢查護(hù)照的邊防檢查站，進(jìn)入候機(jī)廳。廳。解析：解析：本句中本句中where an official checks your passport是一

32、限定性定語從是一限定性定語從句，句，passport control是先行詞，是先行詞，where是關(guān)系副詞。是關(guān)系副詞。句中句中through passport control where an official checks your passport和和into the departure lounge是并列成分，作是并列成分，作go的狀語。的狀語。句子成分：句子成分：Then you go through passport control 狀語狀語 主語主語 謂語謂語 賓語賓語where an official checks your passport, and into the de

33、parture lounge. 定語定語7. The plane then taxis towards the runway, and when it has permission to take off, it accelerates along the runway and takes off.譯文：然后，飛機(jī)緩慢地駛向跑道。得到可以起飛的命令后，它譯文：然后，飛機(jī)緩慢地駛向跑道。得到可以起飛的命令后，它便在跑道上加速行駛最后飛向天空。便在跑道上加速行駛最后飛向天空。解析：解析：此句較為復(fù)雜。它是由兩個(gè)分句此句較為復(fù)雜。它是由兩個(gè)分句The plane then taxis towards

34、 the runway和和when it has permission to take off, it accelerates along the runway and takes off組成的一個(gè)并列句。其中，第二個(gè)分句又包含組成的一個(gè)并列句。其中，第二個(gè)分句又包含了一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句了一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句when it has permission to take off。句子成分：句子成分：The plane then taxis towards the runway, 主語主語 狀語狀語 謂語謂語 狀語狀語and when it has permission to take off, it

35、accelerates 狀語狀語 主語主語 謂語謂語 along the runway and takes off. 狀語狀語 謂語謂語三、美文賞析三、美文賞析vRush v Swallows may have gone, but there is a time of return; willow trees may have died back, but there is a time of regreening; peach blossoms may have fallen, but they will bloom again. Now, you the wise, tell me, wh

36、y should our days leave us, never to return? If they had been stolen by someone, who could it be? Where could he hide them? If they had made the escape themselves, then where could they stay at the moment? v I dont know how many days I have been given to spend, but I do feel my hands are getting emp

37、ty. Taking stock silently, I find that more than eight thousand days have already slid away from me. Like a drop of water from the point of a needle disappearing into the ocean, my days are dripping into the stream of time, soundless, traceless. Already sweat is starting on my forehead, and tears welling up in my eyes. Those that have gone have gone for good, those to come keep coming; yet in between, how swift is the shift, in such a rush? When I get up in the morning, the slanting sun marks its presence in my small room in two or three oblongs. The sun has feet, loo