人教版英語必修一 Unit 1 period 3 知識講解

1、3 知識講練課Unit 2 English Around the WorldPeriodOral checknAll languages change when cultures communicate with one another. The English spoken between AD 450 and 1150 was quite 1)_ from that spoken today. 2) _, it was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Later, it became more like

2、French. One big change in English 3)_ happened when the American Dictionary of the English Language, which gave American English its own 4)_, came 5)_. Now India has a very large number of English speakers. This is because English became the language for 6)_ and education during 1765 to 1947, when B

3、ritain ruled India. English is also spoken in many other countries in Africa and Asia, such 7)_ South Africa, Singapore and Malaysia. The number of people learning English in China is also 8)_ rapidly.nToday we hear people speak English on TV and the radio. There is no such a thing as 9)_ English. W

4、hen people from all over the world use words and expressions different from “standard English”, it is called a 10)_. Geography also plays an important part in creating dialects. Although there are many differences, people have little difficulty in understanding each other.n【點撥】【點撥】1) different 2) Ac

5、tually 3) usage 4) identity 5) out 6) government 7) as 8) increasing 9) standard 10) dialectWords and expressions:1. Do you know that there is more than one kind of English? 你知道有不止一種英語嗎？你知道有不止一種英語嗎？【觀察思考】【觀察思考】1）She stayed in Paris for more than a year. 她在巴黎停留一年多。2）More than one student has said so.

6、不止一個學(xué)生這么說 。3）Both of us are much more than workmates. We are close friends. 我們倆不止是同事，我們還是知心朋友。4）He is more than glad to see me. 他非常高興見到我。 5）The beauty of nature is more than I can describe. 大自然之美使我難以描繪出的?！練w納總結(jié)】【歸納總結(jié)】nmore than+數(shù)詞，表示“多于，超過”，相當于 over；nmore than one+ 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示“不止一個”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；nmor

7、e than +名詞，意為“不只是，不僅僅”；nmore than + 形容詞/副詞/分詞/動詞，意思是“很，非?！薄?nmore than + 句子（句子常含can/could），意為“非所能的，難以的”【嘗試運用】【嘗試運用】填入適當?shù)脑~，使下面的句子完整。填入適當?shù)脑~，使下面的句子完整。1)More than one girl _(hold) such a view in the school.2)It is hard to concentrate like that for _(半個多小時).3) Her speech was _(非常) good. It was perfect.4)

8、 Do you need any help, Lucy? -Yes. The job is _(超過) I could do myself.【點撥】【點撥】holds 2) more than half an hour 3) more than 4) more than【詞組串記詞組串記】nno more than 僅僅 nnot more than 不超過，至多 nnot more than 沒有那樣nmore than 與其，不如 less than 少于 no less than 不少于，多達nbetter than 好于，勝過 nrather than 而不是 nother than

9、除了【高考鏈接高考鏈接】（2009浙江高考）It took _ building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses. It took brains, too.other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than 【點撥】【點撥】B2. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. 事實上，當不同的文化相互交流滲透時，所有的語言事實上，當不同的

10、文化相互交流滲透時，所有的語言都會有所變化、有所發(fā)展的。都會有所變化、有所發(fā)展的。 【觀察思考觀察思考】1) I dont actually remember it. 其實我不記得那件事了。2) They are not married, actually. 他們實際上沒有結(jié)婚。3) He is actually fifty years old. 他竟然五十多歲了。4) Actually, Im busy at the momentcan I call you back later?說實在的，我這會兒正忙可以過會給你打電話嗎？【歸納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié)】nactually 副詞，表示“實際上；（禮貌地

11、糾正他人）事實上；居然，竟然；說實在地”等意義；nactual 形容詞，真實的，實際的；nactuality 名詞，真實，實際；【嘗試運用嘗試運用】請使用actually 的適當形式完成下面的句子。1) _, China may have the largest number of English learners.2) Can you give me an _ example?3) She looks younger than me, but in _ fact, she is much older.4) The food was not _ all that expensive.【點撥點撥

12、】1) Actually 2) actual 3) actual 4) actually【詞組串記詞組串記】nin actual factnas a matter of factnin reality/ fact/ truthn以上詞組都意為“事實上，實際上”，與actually 同義。3. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.當時的英語更多的是以德語為當時的英語更多的是以德語為基礎(chǔ)，而我們今天所說的英語不是。基礎(chǔ)，而我們今天所說的英語不是?！居^察思考觀察思考】1）At present, he is

13、on holiday. 目前， 他正在度假。2）I cant remember her name for the present. 我一時想不起她的名字來了。3）What can we get him as a birthday present? 我送他什么生日禮物好呢？4）Three hundred guests were present at the ceremony. 300位客人出席了典禮。5）The headmaster presented a medal to each winner. 校長向每位獲勝者頒發(fā)了獎牌?！練w納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié)】 nat present=at the pres

14、ent time 意為“目前，現(xiàn)在”;nfor the present 意為“暫時，一時”；npresent 用作名詞，意為“禮物”，與gift 同義；npresent 用作形容詞，表示“到場的，出席的”，與absent 反義；npresent 用作動詞，表示“把交給；頒發(fā)”?！緡L試運用嘗試運用】1) In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiment, a student should _ his findings in logical order and clear language.A. furnish B. propose

15、C. raise D. present2) The major will personally _ the gold medals _ the winning athletes at the sports meeting.present; by B. present; with C. present; to D. present; for3) _ today _ sure to be praised.The present people; are B. Those present; is Those present; are D. Present those; is【點撥】【點撥】1) D 2

16、) C 3) C【巧記詞義】【巧記詞義】The boy present at the meeting was considering asking his father for a book on the present tense as a birthday present. 出席會議的那個男孩正考慮向他的爸爸要一本關(guān)于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的書作為生日禮物。4. So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before。所以到。所以到17世紀，莎士比亞世紀，莎士比亞用得詞匯比以前任何時期

17、都大。用得詞匯比以前任何時期都大。【觀察思考】【觀察思考】 1) We must make use of every minute to study. 我們必須利用每一分鐘去學(xué)習(xí)。2) You should make good use of the chance. 你應(yīng)該好好利用這次機會。3) You can make any use of it if you like. 這個你可以任意使用?！練w納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié)】 nmake use of 利用，使用nmake the best of （指對不理的條件等）充分利用nmake the most of 充分利用（有用的條件）nmake good u

18、se of 充分利用【詞組串記詞組串記】take advantage of 利用的機會；鉆的空子；占便宜 seize on 抓??；利用“動詞+名詞+介詞”短語ncatch sigh of 看見 take pride in 以.而自豪 make way for 讓路給n make sense of 理解，弄懂 take care of 照顧，照料【嘗試運用嘗試運用】1) She wondered uneasily what use she would _ this opportunity.A. made B. make about C. make for D. make of2) The man

19、ager of the company told us that very little _ was made of the waste materials in the past.A. cost B. value C. use D. matter3) The patient should be outside _(make) the most of the sunshine.4) The money collected should be made good use _ _(help) the people who suffered a lot in this terrible earthq

20、uake. 【點撥】【點撥】1) D 2) C 3)to make 4) of to help5. Can you find the following command and request from Reading? 你能從你能從“閱讀閱讀”部分找出下部分找出下列列“命令命令”和和“請求請求”嗎？嗎？【觀察思考】【觀察思考】 1) The officer is fond of giving commands. 這位長官喜歡發(fā)號施令。2) Who will take the command of the army? 誰來統(tǒng)率這支軍隊？3) My father has a good comma

21、nd of computer. 我爸爸精通電腦。4) He commanded his men to retreat.=He commanded that his men (should) retreat. 他命令手下撤退。5) The troops were commanded by General Haig. 這些部隊由黑格將軍統(tǒng)率?！練w納總結(jié)】【歸納總結(jié)】ncommand 用作動詞，表示“命令，指揮”，用作名詞，意為“命令；控制；掌握，運用力”n作“命令”講且后接賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句、主語從句時，從句要用虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用“should + do”, should 可以省略

22、?！驹~組串記】【詞組串記】nat sbs command 聽從某人吩咐；運用自如nbe in command of sb. 在某人控制下ngive a command 發(fā)布命令nhave a good command of 精通ntake the command of 統(tǒng)率，指揮nunder sbs command 在某人指揮之下【嘗試運用】【嘗試運用】1. Applicants will be expected to have _ of _ English.a good command; speak a good command; spoken C. good commands; speak

23、ing D. good commands; spoken2. He commanded that all the gates _.should shut B. would be shut shut D. be shut【點撥】【點撥】1) B 2) D【觀察思考】【觀察思考】1) Li Ming made a request for a computer from his parents. 李明向他父母要了一臺電腦。2) My request is that we (should) help each other. 我的請求是我們應(yīng)該互相幫助。3) The workers who are on

24、 strike request a rise in the salary. 正在罷工的工人們要求漲工資。4) Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibit. 參觀者請勿觸摸展品。5) She requested a cell phone from her boyfriend. 她向男友要了一部手機。6) The teacher requested that we （should） come an hour earlier. 老師要求我們早來一小時。【歸納總結(jié)】【歸納總結(jié)】request 用作名詞時，表示“要求；請求；請求的事物”，用作動詞時，表

25、示“要求，請求”，或“向某人要某物”，其后從句要求虛擬語氣，即謂語動詞用”should+ do”, should 可以省略?！緡L試運用】【嘗試運用】1) I requested him _(help) me.2) Dont respond to any e-mails _(request) personal information, no matter how official they look.3) It is required that he _(hand) in homework tomorrow morning.4) He requested that they _(sleep) a

26、t night.5) She requested that no one _(tell) of her decision.【點撥】【點撥】1) to help 2) requesting 3) (should) hand 4) (should) sleep 5) (should) be told【鏈接】【鏈接】n后接名詞性從句，從句須用虛擬語氣的動詞歸后接名詞性從句，從句須用虛擬語氣的動詞歸納：納：n一個“堅持”（insist）n兩道“命令”（order, command）n三條“建議”（suggest, propose, advise）n四點“要求”（demand, desire, requ

27、est, require）Sentence Structures:1. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English. 以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以互相交流。不盡相同，也可以互相交流。【觀察思考】【觀察思考】1)Even if we have learned “even though”, we still find it difficult to use. 盡管我們學(xué)過“even

28、though”,但我們發(fā)現(xiàn)運用它很難。2) He likes to help us even though he is very busy. 盡管他很忙，他還是愿意幫我們?！練w納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié)】 even if=even though: in spite of the fact; no matter whether, 意為“即使，盡管”。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句?！緡L試運用嘗試運用】1）_(即使) you dont like wine, try a glass of this.2）-Look at the clouds! -Dont worry. _ it rains, well still have

29、a great time.AEven if B. As though C. In case D. If only3) Tim is in good shape physically _ he doesnt get much exercise.If B. even though C. unless D. as long as 【點撥】【點撥】1) Even though/ if 2) A 3) B2. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你，（世界上）沒有什信不信由你，（世界上）沒有什么標準英語。么

30、標準英語?！居^察思考】【觀察思考】1) There is no such thing as a free lunch. 世上沒有免費午餐這樣的好事。2) He said he didnt have time or made some such excuse. 他說他沒時間或別的諸如此類的借口。3) She did no such thing! 她沒做那種事！4) You cant finish the work in such a short time. 你無法在這么短的時間內(nèi)完成那件工作。5) I am not such a fool as to believe that.我不會傻到去相信那

31、件事?！練w納總結(jié)】【歸納總結(jié)】nsuch 用作形容詞，表示“這樣的，這種的，如此的”，修飾名詞時，常放在no, all, another, many, much, a few, one, several 的后面；當表示“如此以至于”時，排列順序為：nsuch + 形容詞+ a/ an + 不可數(shù)名詞 + thatnsuch + 形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+ thatnsuch + 形容詞+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ thatnsuch is/ was thatnsuch (+ 名詞) as to do 【嘗試運用】【嘗試運用】1）There are _(很多這樣的人)in the world. (many such

32、 persons)2) Tom showed _(不太大興趣) in his lessons that he almost failed. no such interest)3) The crowd made _(吵鬧) I could hardly make myself heard. (such noise)4) Its _(多么好的天啊)！(such good weather)5) (江西高考)My English teachers humor was _ make every student burst into laughter.(B)A. so as to B. such as t

33、o C. such that D. so that3. Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each others dialects. 雖然許多美國人經(jīng)常遷徙，但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e、雖然許多美國人經(jīng)常遷徙，但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e、理解彼此的方言。理解彼此的方言。【觀察思考】【觀察思考】1) Although/ Though he is poor, he is well contented. 雖然他很窮，他倒是很滿足。2) Although he hadnt stopped working

34、all day, yet he wasnt tired. 雖然他整體不停地工作，可是他并不疲倦。3) Although old, he still jogs every day. 盡管年老，他每天慢跑。【歸納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié)】 although/ though表示“雖然，盡管”，引導(dǎo)狀語從句。although 可用于句首或句中，但不能單獨使用；although不可以當副詞使用單獨用于詞尾，但though可以，尤用于句末補充說明，表示“不過，可是，然而”；并可用于“名詞/形容詞/副詞+ as/ though ”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示，“盡管, 雖然”。 如：1) Our team lost. It was a

35、good game though. 我們隊輸了，可是這也不失為一場好球。2) Have you ever been to Australia? No. Id like to, though. “你去過澳大利亞嗎？”“沒有，但是我很想去?！?) Young though/ as he was, he knew a lot. 雖然他還年輕，但他懂得很多?！靖呖兼溄痈呖兼溄印?) I dont believe weve met before, _ I must say you do look familiar.A. therefore B. although C. since D. unless2) Frank insi