必修一U3Part??1.??Warming??up?? 英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總

1、必修一U3Part1.WarmingupWhichkindoftransportdoyouprefertouse，busortrain?prefer寧愿；更喜歡用法：(1)prefer+n./pron.Theboypreferredadetectivestory.(2)prefer+v.-ingDoyoupreferlivingabroad?(3)prefer+todoShepreferstoliveamongtheworkingpeople.(4)prefersb.todosth.Shepreferredhimtostayathome.(5)prefer+n./pron./doing+to+

2、n./pron./doing喜歡而不喜歡Ipreferthetowntothecountry.Whilehewasintheofficehepreferreddoingsomethingtodoingnothing.(6)prefertodo.ratherthando=wouldratherdo.thando.寧愿而不愿Iprefertowalkthereratherthangobybus.(7)prefer+從句(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用shoulddo，should可省略)Shepreferredthatheshoulddoitinthekitchen.2.Imaginethatyouplantospe

3、ndaholiday.imagine的用法構(gòu)詞：imaginationn.C/U想像，想像力，想像的事物imaginativeadj.富有想像力的搭配：imaginesth/doingsthYoucanimaginethesituationthere.Icantimagin(my)marryingagirlofthatsort.【考例】IcanhardlyimaginePeter_acrosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed答案與解析Cimagine后接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式，本句的Peter是這個(gè)動(dòng)名

4、詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。Part2.Pre-reading,readingandcomprehendingEversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.從高中起，我姐姐王維和我就一直夢(mèng)想做一次偉大的自行車(chē)旅行。(1)eversinde從那以后Itis/hasbeen+一段時(shí)間+since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)(從句中的動(dòng)作不能延續(xù))自從至今已經(jīng)多久了。eg:ItsfiveyearssinceIleftthere.我離開(kāi)那里有五年了。注意：在Its+一段時(shí)間+since從句，如果since從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延

5、續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，那么，它所表示的時(shí)間是從那個(gè)動(dòng)作結(jié)束時(shí)起算，意為不做。多久了。eg:Itsfiveyearssincehesmoked.他戒煙五年了。(2)dreamabout/of夢(mèng)見(jiàn)，夢(mèng)想2、Thenshepersuademetobuyone.(1)、說(shuō)服;勸服;Persuadesb.(not)todosth.persuade o/outofdoingsth.eg：Ipersuadedhimtodoit.=Ipersuadedhimintodoingit.2）、使相信，使信服persuadesbofsth使某人信服某事 persuadesbthat使某人相信eg：Hehaspersu

6、adedmeofitstruth.Iampersuadedthatsuchisthefact.persuasiveadj.有說(shuō)服力的persuasionn.說(shuō)服，信服【注意】如果勸說(shuō)不服,不能直接用persuade,而應(yīng)用trytopersuadesbtodo或advisesb todo.1.I_himnottosmoke,buthedidntthinkitnecessary.A.persuadedB.advisedC.hopedD.suggested3.WangWeisoongottheminterestedincyclingtoo.(get的用法)4.Itwasmysisterwhofir

7、sthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.首先想到沿湄公河從源頭到終點(diǎn)騎車(chē)旅游的是我的姐姐。（強(qiáng)調(diào)句）5Althoughshedidntknowthebestwayofgettinggettoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.(1)、although,though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句不能再和but,and,however連用,但可以和副詞yet,still連用。although從句多放在句首,though從句可在主句前，中，后任

8、何位置，而且though可以作副詞用于句末，作但是，而although無(wú)此用法。Although/Thoughitwasraining,(yet)theystillworkedinthefields.Hesaidhewouldcome;hedidntcomethough.【隨堂練習(xí)】_hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.A.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although（2）、insistv.堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持主張insist on/upon(ones)doingsth堅(jiān)持做,堅(jiān)決做insist th

9、at+從句堅(jiān)持一種說(shuō)法、看法或事實(shí),后接的從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣,按需要選擇時(shí)態(tài)insistthatsb(should)dosth堅(jiān)決主張做某事,后接的賓語(yǔ)從句常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,即should+v.eg：Iinsistedon/uphiscomingwithus.Heinsistedthathehadntstolenthegirlshandbag.總結(jié)Marywasill.Herparentsinsistedthatshe(should)seeadoctor.6、Mysisterdoesntcareaboutdetails.carevi.關(guān)心；介意n.關(guān)心；照顧careabout(tobeworrieda

10、bout/concernedwith)憂慮；擔(dān)心；惦念carefor(=like，love)喜歡;照料；照顧（=takecareof=lookafter)takecare小心；提防派生詞：carefuladj.細(xì)心的carefullyadv.細(xì)心地carefulnessn.細(xì)心carelesslyadv.粗心地carelessnessn.粗心carelessadj.粗心的Theonlythinghecares_ismoney.Idontreallycare_redwine.Whowilltakecare_yourbabyifyouareout?Manyaccidentsarecausedby_

11、(care)driving.Theystudiedthequestion_(care)beforetheymadethedecision.7、Shegavemeadeterminedlookthekindthatshewouldntchangehermind.（1）、determinev.決定,下定決心,確定determinetodosth.=makeuponesmindtodosth.下定決心eg：HedeterminedtolearnFrench.bedeterminedtodosth.決心做eg：Shewasdeterminedtogotouniversity.（2）、changeone

12、smind改變某人的主意eg：Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwontchangemymind.determinationn.決心，毅力determinedadj.堅(jiān)毅的，下決心的8.WhenItoldherthatourjourneywouldbeginatanaltitudeofmorethan5000meters,sheseemedtobeexcitedaboutit.當(dāng)我告訴她我們將在海拔5000米處開(kāi)始旅程,她好像對(duì)此很興奮。本句中的seem后面跟了不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，意為看起來(lái)好像。(1)seem常常和不定式，形容詞，分詞，名詞和介詞短語(yǔ)搭配。如:1)seem+不定式（短語(yǔ)）Ise

13、emedtohearavoiceinthedistance.Iseemtohavecaughtacold.seem后不定式的否定式習(xí)慣上用dont來(lái)代替，（放在seem前），如：Youdontseemtobequiteyourselftoday2).seem+形容詞Sheseemsquitehappytoday.=Sheseemstobequitehappytoday.3)Seem+分詞Thenewsseemsexciting.Theyseemsinterestedinthefilm.4)、seem+名詞Sheseemsaclevergirl.Itseemedalongtimebeforemy

14、turncame.5).seem+介詞短語(yǔ)Theyseemedinhighspirits.(2)seem常用于it作形式主語(yǔ)的Itseems/seemedthat如：Itseemsthatyouwerelying.Itseemsimpossiblethathewillbeheretomorrow.(3).seem常用于由asif/though引導(dǎo)的從句中，如：Itseemsasifitisgoingtorain.Itseemsasifheknewnothingaboutthat.注在這種句式中，如從句所敘述的情實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性比較大，從句謂語(yǔ)用陳述語(yǔ)氣若實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較小，或根本不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)，從句的謂

15、語(yǔ)則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。(4).seems也常用在thereseem(s)tobe句式中，用來(lái)代替be，作句子的謂語(yǔ)。如：Thereseemstobenopointinrefusing.Thereseemedtobesomethingthematterwithhim.atanaltitudeof=ataheightof在海拔米處e.g.Theplaneisflyingataheight/altitudeof10,000feet.注意:at在此處表在處/時(shí),以后接年齡,速度,長(zhǎng)寬深高,價(jià)格,費(fèi)用等在歲時(shí)attheageof以.的價(jià)格atahigh/lowprice在.深度寬度處atadepth/widt

16、hof在距離處atadistanceof9、WhenItoldhertheairwouldbehardtobreathanditwouldbeverycold主語(yǔ)+be+adj.+todosth.是一常用句式即不定式用主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)含義。不定式和主語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用及物動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式，若是不及物動(dòng)詞，要加相應(yīng)的介詞。常用的形容詞有：easy,difficult,hard,interesting,pleasant,nice,dangeroues,important等；該句型可以轉(zhuǎn)換成It+be+adj+todosth.結(jié)構(gòu)eg：Theproblemisreallyhardtoworkou

17、t.=Itisreallyhardtoworkouttheproblem.還有一類(lèi)表示心理活動(dòng)的形容詞(surprised,moved,disappointed,pleased,happy,sad,delighted,sorry,interested,glad,worried,eager,anxious,angry等），主動(dòng)用todo,被動(dòng)用tobedone,也可接從句。WewerebothsurprisedtolearnthathalfoftheriverisinChina.我們驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)這條河有一半是在中國(guó)境內(nèi)。Weweredisappiontedtobetoldthatthematchh

18、adbeenputoff.10.Onceshehasmadeuphermind,nothingcanchangeit.Finally,Ihadtogivein.她一旦下了決心，什么也不能使她改變。最后，我只好讓步了。once作為連詞，作一(旦)就，連接一個(gè)表示時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句。從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表將來(lái)。如：Onceyouhavebeginyoumustcontinue.Onceprinted，thebookwillbeverypopularonce用作副詞，意為一次；從前，曾經(jīng)。11、Finally,Ihadtogivein.(1)、givein(tosb./sth.)屈服于,讓步

19、,遞交eg：Hehadtogiveintomyviews.他只好順從了我的意見(jiàn)。（2）、givein(sth.tosb.)上交eg：Pleasegiveyourexaminationpapersintotheteacher.【拓展】giveup放棄,認(rèn)輸giveout筋疲力盡；分配giveaway捐贈(zèng),泄露giveoff放出，散發(fā)（光、熱、煙、氣、味等）12.Itbecomesrapidsasitpassesthroughdeepvalleys,travelingacrosswesternYunnan Province【辨析】across，through與overacross表示從一定范圍的一

20、邊到另一邊或事物交叉位置,橫穿,橫跨表面through表達(dá)兩邊穿過(guò)或穿過(guò)空間內(nèi)部over表示越過(guò)，是指越過(guò)較高的物體從一側(cè)到另一側(cè)Sheswamacrosstheriver.她游過(guò)河去。Theriverflowsthroughthecityfromwesttoeast.這條河從西往東流過(guò)城市。Thethiefclimbedoverthewallandranaway.小偷翻過(guò)墻逃走了。Part3.LearningaboutLanguage1、Adeterminedpersonalwaystriestofinishthejob,nomatterhowharditis.有決心的人總是努力完成工作，而

21、不管它有多難。疑問(wèn)詞+ever，nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞（1）whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可以換成nomatterwhat/which/who/whom,位置可以在主句前，也可以在主句后。Takewhateveryouwant.拿你想要的任何東西。Wewillcompletetheworkontime,nomatterwhathappens.=Whateverhappens,wewillcompleretheworkontime.（2）wherever,whenever,however常引

22、導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，可以換成nomattewhere/when/how,可放在主句前或主句后。Wheneverhegoesabroad,hewillbuypresentsforhisyoungersister.=Nomatterwhenhegoesabroad,hewilbypresentsforhisyoungersister.2.exceptfor,except,but,besides表示除了的詞或短語(yǔ)有：except;but;exceptfor;besides;exceptthat/when.等。(1)except和but都表示除了之外。二者大多數(shù)情況下可以互換；但在no,all,nobod

23、y,nothing,noone等不定代詞后多用but。Nooneknowsourteachersaddressexcept/buthim.(排除him)(2)besides除之外，還，有附加性。WhatotherforeignlanguagesdoyouknowbesidesEnglish?(English與otherlanguages都屬于know的范圍)(3)exceptfor只不過(guò)，整體肯定，部分修正，用于排除非同類(lèi)事物，for表示細(xì)節(jié)上的修正。Yourarticleiswellwrittenexceptforafewspellingmistakes.當(dāng)except用于句首時(shí)，后面往往要

24、加上for.Exceptforthis,everythingisingoodorder.=Everythingisingoodorderexceptthis.(4)exceptthat/when.that后接句子IknownothingofthatmanexceptthathesfromSichuan.Wedomorningexerciseseverymorningexceptwhenitisraining.Part4.UsingLanguage1.ShewasreliableandIknewIdidntneedtoencourageher.reliableadj.可信賴的；可靠的relyvi

25、.依靠；依賴(通常接on/upon)2.put相關(guān)短語(yǔ)putup舉起；掛起，張貼；建造，搭起；（為某人）提供食宿Heputuphishandtocatchtheteachersattention.Anewnotivehasbeenputupontheboard.Theyputupanewhousehere.Willyouputmeupforthenight?putupwith忍受putaway放好，儲(chǔ)存.備用1）.putsomethingaway:把.收拾起來(lái)Now,putyourbooksaway.現(xiàn)在，把你的書(shū)收拾好。2）.putsb.away:把.送進(jìn)監(jiān)獄（或精神醫(yī)院）Thedoctor

26、wantedmetohavehimputaway.醫(yī)生要我把他送進(jìn)精神病院。3.）put(money)away:把錢(qián)儲(chǔ)蓄起來(lái)Ivegot$1000putawayforarainyday.我有1000元存在銀行以備不時(shí)之需。4.）putaway(foodordrink)：大吃大喝Ihadputawayhalfabottleofwhisky.我一下子喝了半瓶威士忌。putdown寫(xiě)下，放下，鎮(zhèn)壓LetmeputdownyourtelephonenumberlestIforgetit.讓我先記下你的電話號(hào)碼,以免忘了。Putdownthatbookandhelpyourmotherwiththedi

27、shes.放下那本書(shū),幫你母親洗餐具。Theyhadtocallthepoliceinordertoputdowntheriot.他們只得叫來(lái)警察以平定騷亂。putforward1）.向前移Whydontyouputyourchairforwardtogetabetterview?你為什么不把椅子往前挪一點(diǎn),以便看得更清楚些?2）.將提前Weshallhavetoputthemeetingforward.我們得把會(huì)議提前。3）.把.向前撥;將鐘撥快Putyourwatchforward;itsfiveminutesslow.將你的手表?yè)芸煨?它慢了五分鐘。4）.提出Heputforwardap

28、lanforthecommitteetoconsider.他提出一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃交由全體委員審議putin打斷，插嘴，話費(fèi)（時(shí)間）Heputinagoodwordforme.他插進(jìn)來(lái)為我說(shuō)了一句好話。Sheputineighthoursbehindadesk.她在花了八小時(shí)辦公。putoff推遲，延期Theappointmentwasputoffbecauseofhisillness.由于他生病而推遲了約會(huì)。puton穿上，上演TheyaregoingtoputonHamlet.他們將上演哈姆雷特。putout撲滅（火），伸出Thefirewassoonputout.火很快就撲滅了。Itsrudeto

29、putoutyourtonguesatpeople.對(duì)人吐舌頭是不禮貌的。putonesheartinto全神貫注于.3.separate的用法separate作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，指把原來(lái)在一起的人或物分開(kāi)。例如:Separatethosetwoboyswhoarefighting,willyou?(你)把那兩個(gè)打架的孩子拉開(kāi)，好嗎?構(gòu)詞：separationn.U分開(kāi)，分離搭配：separateAfromB把A和B分開(kāi)AisseparatedfromBbyA和B為所分開(kāi)阻隔separatesth(up)into把分成(幾分)作形容詞時(shí)，個(gè)別的，獨(dú)自的，分離的Wehavesepareterooms.我們

30、都有各自的房間。4.schedulen.時(shí)間表；進(jìn)度表vt.為某事安排時(shí)間accordingtoschedule按照計(jì)劃；按照安排onschedule按時(shí)behindschedule晚點(diǎn)bescheduledtodo被安排，定于課文原文1.Twoyearsagosheboughtanexpensivemountainbikeandthenshepersuadedmetobuyone.2.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.3.Althoughshedidntknowthebestwayofgettingtoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.4.:lWhenItoldherthatourjourneywouldbeginatanaltitudeofmorethan5,000metres,sheseemedtobeexcitedabout