高中英語人教大綱第二冊上：Unit7Livingwithdisease(備課資料)

1、Reference for Teaching I異域風(fēng)情 1Bringing Art into Hospitals The medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in hospitals may play an important role in helping patients to get better As part of nationwide effort in Britain to bring art out of the museum and into public plac

2、es，some of the countrys best artists have been called in to change older hospitals and to soften the hard edges of modern buildingsOf the 2 500 national health service hospitals in Britain，almost l00 now have very valuable collections of present art in passages，waiting areas and treatment rooms Thes

3、e recent movements first started by one artist，Peter Senior，who set up his studio at a Manchester hospital in northeastern England during the early 1970sHe felt the artist had 1ost his place in modern society，and that art should be enjoyed by a wider audience A common hospital waiting room might hav

4、e as many as 5 000 visitors each weekWhat a better place to hold regular exhibition of art! Senior held the first exhibition of his own paintings in the outpatients waiting area of the Manchester Royal Hospital in 1975Believed to be Britains first hospital artist, Senior was so much in demand that a

5、 team of six young art school graduates soon joined him The effect is strikingNow in the passages and waiting rooms，the Visitor experierices a full view of fresh colors, playful images and restful courtyards The quality of the environment may reduce the need for expensive drugs when a patient is rec

6、overing from an i11nessA study has shown that patients who had a view onto garden needed half the number of strong painkillers compared with patients who had no view at all or only a brick wall to look at 2Possible Spread of SARS at Workplace The respiratory(呼吸的) virus known as SARS has appeared to

7、spread in the United States only to family members of health workers with close contact(接觸)to a sick person On Thursday，the head of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said there might be a case of severe acute respiratory(呼吸)syndrome(癥狀)spreading through the workplace DrJulie Gerberding

8、said a suspected SARS virus patient who became ill after traveling to Asia might have infected a coworker in Florida，which made her “very worried ”So far, a dozen peoplenine family members and three health workerswere infected(感染)after coming into close contact with the person with SARSThe rest of t

9、he 166 suspected American cases have something to do with the person with SARSThe rest of the 166 suspected American cases have something to do with people who were infected while traveling in Asia In the Gainesville，F(xiàn)laarea，a 47一year-old woman was believed to have been infected at work by a 60一year

10、-old woman who was the nations first suspected SARS case，said Tom Belcuore，director of the Alachua County health department Since the World Health Organization announced a worldwide warning last month about SARS，the United States has started infection control in hospitals and among families of suspe

11、cted cases Florida officials said a school in okaloosa County went through a cleaning after a 6一year-old boy suspected of having SARS appeared at school with slight symptoms“Health officials are watching the boys “contacts at school to make sure no one else is infected”said Rob Hayes, health departm

12、ent spokesman, “The boy may have been infected from a family member, ”Hayes said, “We immediately became aware of it and had the child sent homeHes staying at home with his family until 10 days after symptoms disappear” The researchers guessed that the virus might have come from animalsHowever，the s

13、cientists have not ruled out the possibility that some other microbe(微生物)might also help make SARS more serious or easier to catch 知識歸納 1wish 用法歸納 wish 是高考必考詞匯之一，它的主要用法如下： (1)作動詞“希望、愿望，但愿。祝愿”講 跟不定式 egI wish once again to express our warmest welcome to you 跟不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) egYou know we wish you to be happy

14、 跟帶形容詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) egI wish you well and happy 跟雙賓語 egI wish you successluck 跟從句，引導(dǎo)詞that常省略，從句中用虛擬語氣(表示與現(xiàn)在、過去、將來相反的假設(shè))，常有三種情況： egI wish I were a bird(現(xiàn)在) I wish I had taken your advice(過去) I wish I could go to university(將來) 不跟賓語 egWe can set to work now if you wish (2)作名詞“愿望、希望”講 egMy wish came true 我的愿望實

15、現(xiàn)了。 The needs and wishes of the masses 群眾的需要和愿望 (3)wish for 希望得到 egWe wished for rain 我們期待下雨。 (4)wish和hope的異同 都不能接動名詞,可接不定式,意義差別不大。 不能說hope sbto do,只能說wish sbto do。 hope后不能直接接名詞作賓語，若要接需先接for, 即hope for sth egHope for the best, prepare for the worst wish后可跟雙賓語，hope則不能。 兩者后均可接從句，hope表“希望”，wish表“愿望”。wi

16、sh后的從句需用虛擬語氣，hope后的從句不用虛擬語氣。 2persuade用法歸納 (1)作“說服，勸服”講 跟帶不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) egI have persuaded him to change his mind 我已經(jīng)說眼他改變主意了。 Who persuaded you to join the organization? 誰勸你參加這個組織的? 跟名詞代詞+介詞短語 egCan you persuade him out of his foolish plans? 你能說服他放棄他那愚蠢的計劃嗎? I persuaded him into going to school，even tho

17、ugh he didnt want to 即使他不想去上學(xué)，但我也說服他了。 跟名詞代詞+副詞 egShe persuaded him up for a cup of coffee 她把他勸起來喝了杯咖啡。 They persuaded him in to shelter from the rain 他們說服他進(jìn)去躲了一會兒雨。 注意：在表示“勸說不一定成功”時，我們常用try to persuade。 egI tried to persuade him to give up smoking but failed 我勸他戒煙，但失敗了。 (2)作“使相信”講 跟名詞代詞+that從句 egSh

18、e persuaded them that she had done right 她終于使他們相信她做的事是對的。 跟名詞代詞+ of短語 egThey tried to persuade us of the truth of the report 他們設(shè)法讓我們相信報道是真實的。 31ack 用法歸納 (1)用作名詞，意思是“缺乏、缺少、不足”，常與of連用。 egThe plants died for lack of water 那些植物因缺水而枯死。 They have no lack of money 他們不缺錢。 (2)作“缺乏”“不足”講，為及物動詞。 egThey still l

19、acked experience 他們?nèi)匀唤?jīng)驗不足。 The problem is that we lack time 問題是我們時間不足。 (3)作“缺乏，需要”講還可為不及物動詞，常與for連用。 egNowadays we lack for nothing but knowledge 目前我們僅需要知識。 They lacked for nothing 他們什么也不缺少。 常用的短語sthbe lacking(某物)欠缺，不具備條件。 egMoney was still lacking for the project 此項工程，尚缺資金。 In those days these cond

20、itions were still lacking 那時候，這些條件不具備。 sbbe lacking in sth某人缺乏某物 egThey are lacking in courage 他們?nèi)狈τ職狻?He is lacking in confidence 他信心不足。 詞語辨析 1at the moment, for the moment，for a moment，in a moment 這四個詞組都是由moment構(gòu)成的介詞詞組，其意思和用法如下： (1)at the moment “此刻，那時”，常用于一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時和進(jìn)行時。 egIm busy at the moment.

21、 我這會兒很忙。 I didnt buy that book，because I had no money on me at the moment 我沒買那本書，因為當(dāng)時我身上沒帶錢。 Tom is having breakfast at the moment 湯姆此時正在吃早飯。 (2)for the moment暫時，目前。 egWe had to stay in the Inn for the moment, as the hotel around are full 因為周圍的旅館都住滿了，我們只好暫住小客棧。 (3)for a moment “一會兒,片刻”,表示片刻的延緩，常與延續(xù)性

22、動詞連用。 egI had to think for a moment before I remember his name 我想了一會兒才記起他的名字。 (4)in a moment “立即,馬上”，指在片刻時間內(nèi)或后多與將來時或過去時連用。 egThe film will start in a moment 電影馬上就要開演了。 It was all done in a moment 馬上就全做完了。 2die of，die from，die by，die for die of和die from兩者意思都是“因而死”,后面接死亡的原因作賓語。指因某種疾病而死時，兩者都可用。比如die fr

23、omof heart illness(死于心臟病)；die fromof lungcancer(死于肺癌)。但是，如果指由于事故、環(huán)境造成的間接死亡,如死于槍傷、虛弱、過度勞累、飲食過度及空氣污染等多用die from，如果指由于疾病、饑餓、寒冷、年老或感情造成的死亡多用die of。 egdie from a woundan accidentan earthquake/ overwork/ weeknesspolluted air 受傷而死死于一次事故地震過度勞累過度虛弱污染的空氣 die of hunger and coldold age/ joy/ disappointment/ gri

24、ef/ fear 死于饑餓和寒冷年老高興失望悲傷恐懼 die by 指死于暴力，刀或劍等兇器。 egdie by the swordhanging 死于劍下吊死 die by ones own hand 自殺 die for意思是“為而死,為而獻(xiàn)身”,表示為某種事業(yè),某種目的而死。 egdie for liberty/ the countrythe peoplethe revolutionary cause 為自由國家人民革命事業(yè)而死 3Illness, sickness, disease 此三個詞均有“病、疾病”的意思，但也有區(qū)別。 (1)disease具體指身體上發(fā)生的任何不適或疾病。 e

25、gheart disease 心臟病 skin disease 皮膚病 stomach disease 胃病 (2)sickness和illness用法較廣,可指任何疾病或不適。但在英國,用法上有別：sickness多用來指惡心、嘔吐之類的疾病，這種疾病大多由外因引起，而illness主要用于因人體內(nèi)部的虛弱或失調(diào)引起的疾病。在時間長短上，短時的病痛多用sickness，較長時間的病痛多用illness。 egShe is absent because of sickness 她因病缺席。 She stayed away from school on account of his illnes

26、s 她因病沒上學(xué)。 Rough seas caused much sickness among the passengers 洶涌的海浪使許多乘客感到惡心嘔吐。 4suggest，advise, persuade (1)advise與suggest均有“建議，勸”之意，后接 nv一ingthat clause(虛擬語氣)。 egI suggestadvise an early startour starting early / that we(should)start early (2)advise還可用于advise sb(not)to do sth，suggest則不能。但suggest還

27、有“暗示，表明”之意，后接賓語從句，不能用虛擬語氣。 egI advised him to read this book(本句不能用suggest) The teachers expression suggested that he was angry 老師的表情表明他生氣了。(本句suggest后的從句不能用虛擬語氣)(3)persuade “勸服，說服”，常用于persuade sb(not)to do sth. persuade sbout of doing sth persuade sbinto doing sth 如表示雖經(jīng)勸說，但不一定說服成功，則用try to persuadeadvise sbto do sth 能力訓(xùn)練 1根據(jù)所給的漢語意思完成句子,每空只填一詞。 (1)你并不使我厭煩,相反,你使我感到極有意思。You werent boring me, ,youre interesting me frightfully 答案：on