《小婦人》中主要的人物性格淺析英語(yǔ)畢業(yè)論文

1、新疆大學(xué)科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院College of science technology Xinjiang University學(xué)生畢業(yè)論文(設(shè)計(jì))題 目： 淺析小婦人中主要的人物性格 Analysis on the Character in Little Women畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）原創(chuàng)性聲明和使用授權(quán)說(shuō)明原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重承諾：所呈交的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文），是我個(gè)人在指導(dǎo)教師的指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的研究工作及取得的成果。盡我所知，除文中特別加以標(biāo)注和致謝的地方外，不包含其他人或組織已經(jīng)發(fā)表或公布過(guò)的研究成果，也不包含我為獲得 及其它教育機(jī)構(gòu)的學(xué)位或?qū)W歷而使用過(guò)的材料。對(duì)本研究提供過(guò)幫助和做出過(guò)貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人或集體，均已

2、在文中作了明確的說(shuō)明并表示了謝意。作 者 簽 名： 日 期： 指導(dǎo)教師簽名： 日期： 使用授權(quán)說(shuō)明本人完全了解 大學(xué)關(guān)于收集、保存、使用畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的規(guī)定，即：按照學(xué)校要求提交畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的印刷本和電子版本；學(xué)校有權(quán)保存畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的印刷本和電子版，并提供目錄檢索與閱覽服務(wù)；學(xué)校可以采用影印、縮印、數(shù)字化或其它復(fù)制手段保存論文；在不以贏利為目的前提下，學(xué)校可以公布論文的部分或全部?jī)?nèi)容。作者簽名： 日 期： 學(xué)位論文原創(chuàng)性聲明本人鄭重聲明：所呈交的論文是本人在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下獨(dú)立進(jìn)行研究所取得的研究成果。除了文中特別加以標(biāo)注引用的內(nèi)容外，本論文不包含任何其他個(gè)人或集體已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫(xiě)的成果

3、作品。對(duì)本文的研究做出重要貢獻(xiàn)的個(gè)人和集體，均已在文中以明確方式標(biāo)明。本人完全意識(shí)到本聲明的法律后果由本人承擔(dān)。作者簽名： 日期： 年 月 日學(xué)位論文版權(quán)使用授權(quán)書(shū)本學(xué)位論文作者完全了解學(xué)校有關(guān)保留、使用學(xué)位論文的規(guī)定，同意學(xué)校保留并向國(guó)家有關(guān)部門(mén)或機(jī)構(gòu)送交論文的復(fù)印件和電子版，允許論文被查閱和借閱。本人授權(quán) 大學(xué)可以將本學(xué)位論文的全部或部分內(nèi)容編入有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行檢索，可以采用影印、縮印或掃描等復(fù)制手段保存和匯編本學(xué)位論文。涉密論文按學(xué)校規(guī)定處理。作者簽名：日期： 年 月 日導(dǎo)師簽名： 日期： 年 月 日聲明鄭重聲明，此論文（設(shè)計(jì)）是本人在相關(guān)老師指導(dǎo)下完成，沒(méi)有抄襲、剽竊他人成果，否則，由此

4、造成的一切后果由本人負(fù)責(zé)。 本人簽名：DeclarationI hereby declare that this submission is my work and that, to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no materials published previously or written by other persons.Signature:Name: FengHongyan Date: May 16, 2011Under the Supervision of Professor Zhang WenlianSub

5、mitted in Partial Fulfillment of the RequirementsFor the Degree of Bachelor of ArtsScience and Technology College of Xinjiang UniversityMay 16, 2011新疆大學(xué)科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)生畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計(jì)）任務(wù)書(shū)學(xué)生姓名 馮紅燕 學(xué)號(hào) 20072454055 專 業(yè) 英語(yǔ) 班級(jí) 英語(yǔ)07-3班 論文（設(shè)計(jì)）題目 淺析小婦人中主要人物的性格Analysis on the Character in Little Women論文（設(shè)計(jì)）來(lái)源 學(xué)生自擬 要求完成的內(nèi)容 2.

6、提交論文大綱 7.在提交論文前定稿，完成畢業(yè)論文寫(xiě)作 發(fā)題日期：2011年1月10日 完成日期：2011年5月16 日 指導(dǎo)教師簽名 ABSTRACT Louisa May Alcott was an American writer who was born in 1832 and died in 1888. She was the daughter of A. Brousen Alcott. At early time she lived in the environment of senior intellectual and literati. So it was natural for

7、 her to begin to do writing when she was young. Little Women is a novel published in 1868 and written by American author Louisa May Alcott. The story concerns the lives and loves of four sisters growing up during the American Civil War. It was based on Alcotts own experiences as a child in Concord,

8、Massachusetts with her three sisters, Anna, May, and Elizabeth. By describing the four girls being mature experience and life experience brought different fates, this paper analyzes the different characters of the four March girls and also analyzes the factors that influence their characters. Throug

9、h the paper, we can see the kindness, loyalty, selflessness, generosity, respect, tolerance, perseverance and courage promoted in the book. They are also the virtues and beliefs that people always respect and pursuit. Key Words: characteristics, life experience, mature experience摘 要易莎.梅.奧爾科特，是美國(guó)作家，生

10、于1832年，卒與1888年。她是“康科德的圣人”A.布朗森奧爾科特的女兒。早期生活在一個(gè)高級(jí)知識(shí)分子和文人的環(huán)境中，很自然地在她還很年輕的時(shí)候就從事了寫(xiě)作。小婦人是美國(guó)作家路易莎梅奧爾柯特的作品，也是她最著名與最成功的作品，描述南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間一個(gè)家庭的生活與4位女兒的成長(zhǎng)故事。這本書(shū)是根據(jù)路易莎梅奧爾柯特自己和三個(gè)姐妹的真實(shí)的故事改編而成。本論文通過(guò)對(duì)馬奇家四姐妹在走向成熟過(guò)程中的種種感情體驗(yàn)和生活經(jīng)歷的所帶來(lái)不同命運(yùn)的描述,分析了她們不同的人物性格；同時(shí)也提出了影響她們性格的因素。通過(guò)本論文的分析，我們可以看到小說(shuō)中所提倡的善良、忠誠(chéng)、無(wú)私、慷慨、尊重、寬容、堅(jiān)韌、勇敢。這些也是人類(lèi)永遠(yuǎn)尊崇

11、和追求的美德和信仰。關(guān)鍵詞：人物性格；生活經(jīng)歷；成熟過(guò)程ABSTRACT Louisa May Alcott was an American writer who was born in 1832 and died in 1888. She was the daughter of A. Brousen Alcott. At early time she lived in the environment of senior intellectual and literati. So it was natural for her to begin to do writing when she wa

12、s young. Little Women is a novel published in 1868 and written by American author Louisa May Alcott. The story concerns the lives and loves of four sisters growing up during the American Civil War. It was based on Alcotts own experiences as a child in Concord, Massachusetts with her three sisters, A

13、nna, May, and Elizabeth. By describing the four girls being mature experience and life experience brought different fates, this paper analyzes the different characters of the four March girls and also analyzes the factors that influence their characters. Through the paper, we can see the kindness, l

14、oyalty, selflessness, generosity, respect, tolerance, perseverance and courage promoted in the book. They are also the virtues and beliefs that people always respect and pursuit. Key Words: characteristics, life experience, mature experience摘 要易莎.梅.奧爾科特，是美國(guó)作家，生于1832年，卒與1888年。她是“康科德的圣人”A.布朗森奧爾科特的女兒。早

15、期生活在一個(gè)高級(jí)知識(shí)分子和文人的環(huán)境中，很自然地在她還很年輕的時(shí)候就從事了寫(xiě)作。小婦人是美國(guó)作家路易莎梅奧爾柯特的作品，也是她最著名與最成功的作品，描述南北戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間一個(gè)家庭的生活與4位女兒的成長(zhǎng)故事。這本書(shū)是根據(jù)路易莎梅奧爾柯特自己和三個(gè)姐妹的真實(shí)的故事改編而成。本論文通過(guò)對(duì)馬奇家四姐妹在走向成熟過(guò)程中的種種感情體驗(yàn)和生活經(jīng)歷的所帶來(lái)不同命運(yùn)的描述,分析了她們不同的人物性格；同時(shí)也提出了影響她們性格的因素。通過(guò)本論文的分析，我們可以看到小說(shuō)中所提倡的善良、忠誠(chéng)、無(wú)私、慷慨、尊重、寬容、堅(jiān)韌、勇敢。這些也是人類(lèi)永遠(yuǎn)尊崇和追求的美德和信仰。關(guān)鍵詞：人物性格；生活經(jīng)歷；成熟過(guò)程1. Introduc

16、tion1.1Literary reviewLittle Women is a novel by American author Louisa May Alcott (18321888). The book was written and set in the Alcott family home, Orchard House, in Concord, Massachusetts. It was published in two volumes in 1868 and 1869. It is one of the most agreeable juvenile novels in Americ

17、a history and has been popular for over 100 years. There are dozens of versions of this book in different languages all around the world. The novel follows the lives of four sisters and is loosely based on the authors childhood experiences with her three sisters. The first volume was an immediate co

18、mmercial and critical success, prompting the composition of the books second volume titled Good Wives, which was successful as well. The publication of the book in the form of a single volume first occurred in 1880. Alcott followed Little Women with two sequels, also featuring the March sisters, Lit

19、tle Men (1871) and Jos Boys (1886). Little Women has been popular ever since its first publication; after more than 140 years, it still appeals to readers young and old, female and male although, admittedly, the majority of the novels lifelong lovers are female. Little Women has been adapted as a pl

20、ay, a musical, an opera, a film, and animation. 1.2 The introduction of the novelThe book mainly talks about lives of four girls in the March family during the Civil War. The four girls are: Meg who takes care of her three little sisters maternally and chooses to live a poor life with her beloved on

21、e; boyish Jo who is brave and decisive and has her own dream; Beth who is angelic and sweet but unfortunately dies of scarlet fever; Amy who is delicate and tender and later becomes a true lady. Their lives are not so easy as they face crisis and roughness. But they manage to make life meaningful an

22、d beautiful. And through all the difficulties they build themselves up as perfect, elegant ladies. 1.3 The focus of the thesisLittle Women is a novel about Marchs sisters at the background of American Civil War. It shows us the four girls. During the year, little women learn to give up their bad hab

23、its, and they made different friends. In this paper, I will discuss the different characters of four girls growth during the American Civil War. It was based on Alcotts own experiences as a child in Concord, Massachusetts with her three sisters, Anna, May, and Elizabeth. By describing the four girls

24、 being mature experience and life experience brought different fates, this paper analyzes the different characters of the four March girls and also analyzes the factors that influence their characters. Through the paper, we can see the kindness, loyalty, selflessness, generosity, respect, tolerance,

25、 perseverance and courage promoted in the book. They are also the virtues and beliefs that people always respect and pursuit. 2. Different Characters of Four March Girls The first Daughter Meg Marchs Character Her general descriptionMeg, short for Margaret, is the oldest and (until Amy grows up) the

26、 prettiest of the four March sisters. She is very pretty, being plump and fair, with large eyes, plenty of soft brown hair, a sweet mouth, and white hands, of which she was rather proud. Shes also the most typical of the sisters we think of her as everything that you might expect a nineteenth-centur

27、y American girl from a good family to be. Meg runs the household when her mother is absent. Her character: fond of luxuryFrom the works we can be found that she has a small weakness for luxury and leisure. That is vanity. At the beginning of the book, she claimed that:“Its so dreadful to be poor! si

28、ghed Meg, looking down at her old dress.（3）When Meg received a regular note of invitation, she was so excited. She waved the precious paper and then proceeded to read it with girlish delight. You must have gloves, or I wont go, cried Meg decidedly. Gloves are more important than anything else. You c

29、ant dance without them, and if you dont I should be so mortified.（3）Those words can be best illustrated by her this characteristic. As she said, she was fond of luxury, and her chief trouble was poverty. She found it harder to bear than the others because she could remember a time when home was beau

30、tiful, life full of ease and pleasure, and want of any kind unknown. She tried not to be envious or discontented, but it was very natural that the young girl should long for pretty things, gay friends, accomplishments, and a happy life.Her dream is to be wealthy once more, and have a huge mansion wi

31、th lots of servants and expensive possessions. Shes also a bit of a romantic; when she has to tell a story to amuse her sisters, its about love and marriage, and Jo starts to suspect pretty early on that Meg might have a real-life Prince Charming in her thoughts. Meg is sweet-natured, dutiful, and n

32、ot at all flirtatious in fact, shes unrealistically good and proper. Perhaps thats why shes so alarmed by her sister Jos rambunctious, tomboyish behavior. Each of the March sisters has at least one major character flaw that she struggles to overcome, and Meg is no different. Megs problem is, well, a

33、varice, greed, envy, wanting stuff that other people have. Whatever you call it, shes got it in spades. Meg tries to set aside her materialism, and gradually learns to value simple things more because of the hard work that it takes to earn them. Before she gets to that point, however, she spends man

34、y, many hours envying the fortune and leisured life of her friends Sallie Gardiner and the Moffat girls. In fact, at one point Meg allows the Moffats to dress her up in fancy clothes, covering her in makeup and jewelry and making her show far more cleavage than a demure, protestant, nineteenth-centu

35、ry girl really should. She even we know youll be horrified here drinks champagne at one point! It only takes Meg one bout of this kind of vanity and wealth-worship to realize that the people shes trying to impress are unbelievably shallow. She doesnt feel like herself, and when she hears someone at

36、the party say that shes dressed up like a doll, she realizes thats exactly what shes turned herself into, and she never does it again. Even at her wedding, Meg wears a simple dress that she makes herself by hand.Her unusual virtue In spite of her small vanities, Meg had a sweet and pious nature, whi

37、ch unconsciously influenced her sisters, especially Jo, who loved her very tenderly, and obeyed her because her advice was so gently given.As she is the eldest of the four, she knew her responds. When her sisters met troubles, she is always willing to help them. As the oldest daughter, she has alway

38、s shouldered a fair amount of responsibility, particularly with not having her father at home. Shes also the most typical of the sisters we think of her as everything that you might expect a nineteenth-century American girl from a good family to be. Shes the only sister who can really remember when

39、her family used to be wealthy, and she feels nostalgic about those good old days.2.2 Boyish Jo Marchs CharacterHer general descriptionJo March is the second daughter of Mrs. March. She had a decided mouth, a comical nose, and sharp, gray eyes, which appeared to see everything, and were by turns fier

40、ce, funny, or thoughtful. Round shoulders had Jo, big hands and feet, a flyaway look to her clothes, and the uncomfortable appearance of a girl who was rapidly shooting up into a woman and didnt like it. Jo loves writing, dreaming of being a famous writer and making money to have her family live a b

41、etter life. She looks like a boy, and reacts with impatience to the many limitations placed on women and girls. Her character is based in large part on Louisa May Alcott herself. Jos character is outstanding other girls. . Her unusual character-boyish The reason why Jo stood out can be best illustra

42、ted by her characteristic. It was her characteristic that made her different from all the other girls in the family. Unlike other girls who behaved like quiet water, Jo was neither soft nor gentle. She was just like a vigorous flame giving endless happiness and energy. And she was always optimistic

43、and brave to share the burden of the family. She acted like a boy and determined to be like a man. In the beginning of the book, she claimed that:I hate to think Ive got to grow up and be Miss March, and wear long gowns, and look as prim as a China Aster. Its bad enough to be a girl, any way, when I

44、 like boys games and work and manners. I cant get over my disappointment in not being a boy, and its worse than ever now, for Im dying to go and fight with papa, and I can only stay at home and knit like a poky old woman. (7; ch.1)When we first meet Jo March, shes a tomboyish, hot-tempered, geeky fi

45、fteen-year-old girl. She loves activity and cant bear to be left on the sidelines; it drives her crazy that she cant go and fight in the Civil War alongside her father, who has volunteered as a chaplain. Instead, Jo has to stay at home and try to reconcile herself to a nineteenth-century womans plac

46、e in the domestic sphere, which is extremely difficult for her. Her behavior is often most unladylike she swears (mildly), burns her dress while warming herself at the fire, spills things on her only gloves, and barely tolerates her cranky old Aunt March. Shes so boyish that Mr. March has referred t

47、o her as his son JO in the past, and her best friend Laurie sometimes calls her my dear fellow. There were many significant moments in the book in which Jo acted with a strong will like a man. One of the moments happened in chapter three：“But Jo, who didnt care much for girls or girlish gossip, stoo

48、d about, with her back carefully against the wall, and felt as much out of place as a colt in a flower garden. Half a dozen jovial lads were talking about skates in another part of the room, and she longed to go and join them, for skating was one of the joys of her life.” (3; ch.1) This speech perfe

49、ctly delivered the nature of Jo acts like a boy. Jo is the only one of the four girls who braves and challenges the oppressive and restrictive true womanhood, she alone exhibits the spirit of independence and unconventionality. Dreaming of being a boy, she ridicules and discards wherever possible th

50、e etiquette and decorum required of true girls. She even brushes away the respectability of a middle-class girl by working as a governess in New York.Her advantage Jo also loves literature, both reading and writing it. She composes plays for her sisters to perform and writes stories that she eventua

51、lly gets published. She imitates Dickens and Shakespeare and Scott, and whenever shes not doing chores she curls up in her room, in a corner of the attic, or outside, completely absorbed in a good book. Not being a genius, like Keats, it wont kill me.when Im ready, Ill up again.Though not the oldest

52、 daughter of the family, Jo put herself in the position of the man of the house in fathers absence. Jo devotes her literary gifts to helping support her family.She is often self-sacrificing, and has a strong maternal connection over her sister Beth who she adores. After reading fathers wish for the

53、girls in his letters, Jo tried to live up what their father had expected her to do. She detected that she was not the only one struggling with outbursts of anger. Much to her amazement, she found her mother also possessed a hidden temper. This knowledge helped Jo believed she could, with effort, con

54、trol hers. After all, her great wish was to become a famous romance writer. She knew reaching that goal would require discipline. Jos romantic novels were soon published. The Third Daughter Beths CharacterHer general descriptionBeth, as everyone called her, was a rosy, smooth- haired, bright-eyed gi

55、rl of thirteen, with a shy manner, a timid voice, and a peaceful expression which was seldom disturbed. At the beginning of the book, Alcott describes her as a sweet girl with a round young face and brown hair. She has a close relationship with Jo, despite their different personalities. Her father c

56、alled her Little Miss Tranquility, and the name suited her excellently, for she seemed to live in a happy world of her own, only venturing out to meet the few whom she trusted and loved.“One forlorn fragment of dollanity had belonged to Jo and, having led a tempestuous life, was left a wreck in the

57、rag bag, from which dreary poorhouse it was rescued by Beth and taken to her refuge. Having no top to its head, she tied on a neat little cap, and as both arms and legs were gone, she hid these deficiencies by folding it in a blanket and devoting her best bed to this chronic invalid. If anyone had k

58、nown the care lavished on that dolly, I think it would have touched their hearts, even while they laughed. She brought it bits of bouquets, she read to it, took it out to breathe fresh air, hidden under her coat, she sang it lullabies and never went to be without kissing its dirty face and whisperin

59、g tenderly, I hope youll have a good night, my poor dear. (4; ch.1)From those words, we can see a lovely girl. These words are described Beth. Long, quiet days she spent, not lonely nor idle, for her little world was peopled with imaginary friends, and she was by nature a busy bee. She enjoys taking

60、 care of her dolls. Beth has a hospital for six dolls, all of them invalids, passed down by her sisters. Docile and shy, she prefers to be home schooled and avoids most public situations.The aspect different from othersBeth had her troubles as well as the others, and not being an angel but a very hu