2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題講解第7講名詞性從句學(xué)案

1、2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題講解第7講名詞性從句學(xué)案2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題講解第7講名詞性從句學(xué)案PAGE PAGE 292021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)專題講解第7講名詞性從句學(xué)案Lesson 7名詞性從句問題層級圖?不能獨立完成名詞性從句解題目標(biāo)層級圖能夠完成名詞性從句解題 LV3 操作5 M課前診斷1。 The gold medal will be awarded to _ wins the first place in the bicycle race。A。 whomever B。 whereverC。 whoeverD。 whatever2。 She asked me _ I h

2、ad returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadnt。A. whenB. whereC。 whetherD。 what3。 We must find out _ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.A。 whenB。 howC。 whereD。 why4。 A ship in harbor is safe, but thats not _ ships are built forA. what B。 whomC. whyD. when5. You have to

3、know _ youre going if you are to plan the best way of getting there。A. whatB。 thatC. whereD。 who課中講解一。 判斷名詞性從句 LV21。 名詞性從句的定義主從、表從、賓從在復(fù)合句中的功用和名詞相同,分別作整個主句的主語、表語和賓語,整個從句相當(dāng)于一個名詞，這樣的從句就叫做名詞性從句.2。 名詞性從句的分類根據(jù)名詞性從句在句中的不同作用可分為如下4類：（1)主語從句（2）表語從句（3）賓語從句（4)同位語從句3 M【小試牛刀】辨析以下名詞性從句的類型1. That he will come is ce

4、rtain。 2. I know that he will come.3。 The truth is that I have been there. 4. The fact that she was late surprised us.二. 名詞性從句連接詞的用法 LV21。 主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how,when，where，why等詞引導(dǎo)。（1)that在句中無詞義，只起連接作用；（2)連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分。例如：W

5、hat he wants to tell us is not clear. Who will win the match is still unknown. It is known to us how he became a writer。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced。 有時為避免句子頭重腳輕，常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首，而把主語從句置于句末。主語從句后的謂語動詞一般用一般過去時或現(xiàn)在完成時的形式。常用句型如下：It + be+名詞+that從句It is a surpr

6、ise thatIt is a fact that Its a great pity that they didnt get married。It + be +形容詞+ that從句It is necessary thatIt is important thatIts splendid that you passed your exam.It + be +動詞的過去分詞+ that從句It is believed thatIt is known to all thatIts said that he has been there many times.It +不及物動詞+ that從句It a

7、ppears thatIt happens thatIt occurred to me thatIt happened that a doctor was on the train at that very moment.另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“should+動詞原形”，常用的句型有:It is necessary (important， natural, strange， etc。) that It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) thatIt is suggested （requeste

8、d， proposed， desired， etc。) that3 M【小試牛刀】1. It is immediately clear _ the financial crisis will soon be over.2._ was most important to her, she told me， was her family.3. It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.2. 賓語從句引導(dǎo)賓語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣，在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞

9、及非謂語動詞的賓語。由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句例如：He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. We must never think (that） we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 注意：在demand，order，suggest，decide，insist，desire，request，command等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后，賓語從句常用“should+動詞原形”。例如:I insist that she （should)

10、 do her work alone. The commander ordered that troops （should) set off at once. 用who，whom, which， whose， what， when, where， why， how, whoever， whatever, whichever等關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問句，應(yīng)注意句子語序要用陳述語序.例如：I want to know what he has told you. She always thinks of how she can work well。 She will give whoeve

11、r needs help a warm support。 用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序.此外，whether與if 在作“是否”的意思講時在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if：（1）引導(dǎo)主語從句時;Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question。 （2）引導(dǎo)表語從句時；The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?（3)引導(dǎo)賓語從句時;Everything depends

12、 on whether we have enough money。 （4）從句中有“or not”時；I wonder whether he will come or not。 （5）后接動詞不定式時。Can you tell me whether to go or to stay？ 注意賓語從句中的時態(tài)呼應(yīng)。例如：He studies English every day. He studied English last term。 I know (that） he will study English next year。 he has studied English since 1998.

13、 當(dāng)主句動詞是過去時態(tài)（could， would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)，如一般過去時，過去進行時,過去將來時等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for Americathink, believe， imagine， suppose等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ?即將從句中的否定形式移到主句中。例如：We dont think you are here. I dont believe he will do so. 3 M【小試牛刀】1。

14、The companies are working together to create _ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century。2。 Could I speak to _is in charge of International Sales please？3。 The old man was so angry and spoke so fast that none of his children understood_ he said meant3。 表語從句引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)

15、聯(lián)詞大致一樣,表語從句位于系動詞后，有時用as if引導(dǎo)。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為:It looks as if。例如：The fact is that we have lost the game。 Thats just what I want. This is where our problem lies. That is why he didnt come to the meeting。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 注意：The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute

16、 this morning.5 M【小試牛刀】1。 The little girl who got lost decided to remain _she was and wait for her mother.2。 The last time we had great fun was _we were visiting the Water Park.3. What makes the school famous is _many students in this school have been admitted to famous universities。4. 同位語從句同位語從句通常由

17、that引導(dǎo)，可用于同位語從句的名詞有advice，demand，doubt，fact,hope，idea，information，message,news，order，problem，promise,question，request，suggestion，truth，wish，word等。例如：The news that we won the game is exciting。 I have no idea when he will come back home. The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill。 3 M【小

18、試牛刀】1. We should consider the students request _ the school library provide more books on popular science。2。 The reason I plan to go is _ she will be disappointed if I dont.3。 They were faced with the demand _ this tax be abolished。 三。 應(yīng)用名詞性從句的做題方法 LV31劃分主從句LV3找從句: 從句始于連接詞，止于連接詞后第二個謂語動詞之前2判斷句子完整性LV3

19、根據(jù)五大基本句型（主謂、主謂賓、主謂賓賓、主謂賓賓從、主系表）分析從句是否缺成分3補充正確的連接詞LV3掌握名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞從屬連詞 that， whether， if連接代詞（兼名詞性)what, who， whom, which, wh+ever連接副詞（兼副詞性）when, where， how, why3 M【小試牛刀】1. Without his support， we wouldnt be _ we are now。A。 howB. whenC. whereD。 why2. This is _my father has taught meto always face diffic

20、ulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what3. Every year， _makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival。A。 whateverB。 whoeverC. whomeverD. whichever四。 辨析定語從句和名詞性從句 LV4定語從句在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞、詞組或代詞即先行詞.定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。She is the girl who talke

21、d to me yesterday。名詞性從句，主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句在句中做主語、賓語、表語、同位語的成分。I dont know who she is。（賓語）This is why I came here.（表語）區(qū)別：第一，定語從句有先行詞,且先行詞可以放入后面的從句中使從句完整；名詞性從句中的主語從句、表語從句和賓語從句沒有先行詞，同位語從句有先行詞但在從句中不做成分。The news that they told me excited me。（the news可以放入從句中，使句子完整，即they told me the news）The news that ou

22、r team won excited me。（the news無法放入從句中,所以是同位語從句）區(qū)別：第一，定語從句有先行詞，且先行詞可以放入后面的從句中使從句完整；名詞性從句中的主語從句、表語從句和賓語從句沒有先行詞，同位語從句有先行詞但在從句中不做成分。The news that they told me excited me。 (the news可以放入從句中，使句子完整,即they told me the news） The news that our team won excited me。(the news無法放入從句中，所以是同位語從句）3 M【小試牛刀】1。 She and h

23、er family bicycle to work， _helps them keep fit.A. whichB。 whoC. asD. that2. The little problems _ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions。A. thatB。 asC。 whereD。 when3._we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel。A. WhereB. HowC。 WhyD。 When課后練習(xí)5 M【補救練習(xí)】一、單項選擇1.

24、 Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street， not knowing _ she was heading。A。 whyB. whereC. howD。 when2。 The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _ one can be entirely free from dust。A. whatB 。thatC. whetherD。 why3.I truly believe _ beauty comes from within。A. thatB. whereC。 whatD。 why4。

25、It is natural _ children are curious about the world around them。A 。thatB。 whetherC。 whatD. how5. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new piano。A. whereB. whichC. whatD. that5 M【鞏固練習(xí)】單項選擇題1。 Across the street is the research center _Stephen Hawking made his groundbreaking discoveries

26、 in physics。A。 whereB .that C。 whenD. which2。 Sometimes it seems to bother the teacher_ all the students are being too quiet.A。 howB。 whatC。 thatD. where3. What I love most about reading novels is _the authors vividly describe the characters。A. whatB。 whyC. howD. whom4。 Dont forget to send _ attende

27、d the conference a followup email。A。 howeverB. whateverC。 whoeverD. wherever5. Moving abroad means entering a culture _ he customs and the language are different。A. whereB. whenC. whichD。 whose 15 M【拔高練習(xí)】翻譯綜合練習(xí)1。 今年元旦我們玩得很開心。（enjoy)_2. 舅舅昨天寄給我一張卡片，祝賀我18歲生日。(congratulate)_3。 經(jīng)過多年的建設(shè)，這個小鎮(zhèn)現(xiàn)在和地震前一樣充滿了活力

28、.(as。.as）_4.演出以一段五十多歲的人耳熟能詳?shù)慕?jīng)典音樂開始。(be familiar to) _5。 她一看完那個關(guān)于已滅絕物種的電視節(jié)目，就立志加入野生動物保護組織。（no soonerthan)_Lesson 7 名詞性從句課前檢測 （5mins）1?！敬鸢浮緾【解析】考查賓語從句。句意:這塊金牌將頒發(fā)給這場自行車比賽中獲得第一名的人。“_wins the first place in the bicycle race”為賓語從句,該從句缺少主語,且設(shè)空處表示“任何人”，故填whoever,相當(dāng)于anyone who。故選C.2。 【答案】C【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意： 她問我

29、是否已經(jīng)把書還給圖書館,我承認我還沒有歸還。根據(jù)題干可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，根據(jù)句意,應(yīng)選whether“是否”,故選C。3?！敬鸢浮緼【解析】考查賓語從句。句意： 我們必須弄清楚卡爾什么時候來,以便我們可以為他預(yù)訂房間?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)的是賓語從句,根據(jù)句意可知此處要用when引導(dǎo)。故選A。4.【答案】A【解析】考查表語從句。句意：在港口的船是安全的,但是那并不是船被建造的目的。連接代詞what引導(dǎo)表語從句并作介詞for的賓語,故選A。5.【答案】C【解析】考查賓語從句。句意：如果你要安排到達那里的最好路線,你就得知道你將要去哪兒。根據(jù)題干中g(shù)etting there可得出答案,故選A。課中講解

30、一、判斷名詞性從句LV2【過關(guān)檢測】（3mins)辨析以下名詞性從句的類型1.【答案】主語從句【解析】從句在句中做主語的成分。2.【答案】賓語從句【解析】從句在句中做賓語的成分。3. 【答案】表語從句【解析】從句在句中做表語的成分.4. 【答案】同位語從句【解析】從句在句中做同位語成分。二、掌握名詞性從句連接詞的用法LV21. 主語從句【過關(guān)檢測】(3mins)1. 【答案】that【解析】從句不缺成分2?！敬鸢浮縲hat【解析】從句缺主語3.【答案】that【解析】從句不缺成分2. 賓語從句【過關(guān)檢測】（3mins）1?！敬鸢浮縲hat【解析】從句缺賓語2. 【答案】whom【解析】從句缺主

31、語3?！敬鸢浮縲hat【解析】從句缺賓語3。表語從句【過關(guān)檢測】（3mins）1。 【答案】where【解析】從句缺地點狀語2. 【答案】when【解析】從句缺時間狀語3?！敬鸢浮縯hat【解析】從句不缺成分4. 同位語從句【過關(guān)檢測】（3mins)1。 【答案】that【解析】從句為同位語從句,從句不缺成分2. 【答案】that【解析】從句為同位語從句，從句不缺成分3。 【答案】that【解析】從句為同位語從句,從句不缺成分三、應(yīng)用名詞性從句的做題方法LV3【過關(guān)檢測】(3mins）1. 【答案】C【解析】考查表語從句。句意： 要是沒有他的幫助,我們就不會是現(xiàn)在的情形了。根據(jù)句意可知，設(shè)空處

32、意為“情形，情況,形勢”,應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo),在從句中作表語.故選C。2.【答案】D【解析】考查表語從句.句意: 這就是父親教給我的-總是面對困難并寄予最大的希望。根據(jù)句意可知,表語從句中taught me后缺少直接賓語“教會了我什么”,因此用what引導(dǎo)。故選D。3.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意： :每年,在風(fēng)箏節(jié)上，制作出最漂亮的風(fēng)箏的人會贏得一份獎品。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，從句中缺少主語,根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)用whoever引導(dǎo)，表示“無論哪個人,無論誰”.whomever作賓語,故排除。故選B。四、辨析定語從句和名詞性從句 LV4【過關(guān)檢測】（3mins）1. 【答案】A【解析】考查

33、定語從句。句意: 她和家人都騎自行車上班,這有助于他們保持健康。根據(jù)題干可知，從句修飾的是前面的主句，“她和家人騎自行車上班”這件事充當(dāng)了定語從句中的主語成分,且此定語從句前有逗號,是非限制性定語從句，所以用which引導(dǎo)。故選A。2?！敬鸢浮緼【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我們在日常生活中遇到的小問題有可能成為偉大發(fā)明的靈感.題干中,The little problems是先行詞，從句中缺少賓語,因此用that引導(dǎo)定語從句,故選A。3。【答案】B【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我們怎樣理解事物與我們的認知有很大關(guān)系。A項在從句中作地點狀語,意為“哪里；B項在從句中作方式狀語,意為“如何”;C項在從

34、句中作原因狀語,意為“為什么”；D項在從句中作時間狀語，意為“什么時候”。故選B。課后練習(xí)補救練習(xí) （5mins） 一、單項選擇1。【答案】B【解析】考查名詞性從句.句意： 簡在綠樹成蔭的街道上漫無目的地走著，不知道她要去哪里。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)賓語從句，賓語從句中缺少地點狀語,故用where引導(dǎo)。故選B.2. 【答案】B【解析】考查表語從句.句意: 雨季最令人愉快的事情就是人們可以完全免受塵土的影響。表語從句中不缺少成分，意思完整，故用that引導(dǎo)從句，故選B。3【答案】A【解析】考查名詞性從句。句意： 我確信美麗源自內(nèi)心.分析句子成分可知從句中成分完整，故選A.4?！敬鸢浮緼【解析】考查主語從句.句意:孩子們對他們周圍的世界感到好奇是很自然的。It為形式主語，真正的主語是natural后的從句，從句中不缺少成分且意思完整,故用that引導(dǎo)，故