【優(yōu)秀】口譯聽辨技巧課件

1、【優(yōu)秀】口譯聽辨技巧【優(yōu)秀】口譯聽辨技巧 譯員的聽不同于一般聽力活動(dòng)聽的目的：用另一種語言完整地表達(dá)和復(fù)述聽到的全部內(nèi)容。自主聽力： 把握主題及關(guān)鍵信息； 捕捉話語脈絡(luò)； 預(yù)測(cè)下文； 判斷詞義。困難是什么？ 譯員的聽不同于一般聽力活動(dòng)聽的目的：用另一種語言完整地表達(dá)Bugs in LCII惱人的聽辨“蟲”1. unknown words 生詞2. culturally-burdened phrases or idioms 英語中的文化陷阱（容易望文生義）3. illogical flow of thought邏輯混亂4. heavy accent 口音濃重5. unfamiliar topic

2、 不了解主題知識(shí)6. too quick a delivery speed 語速過快7. blurred point of view 意思不明確8.numbers數(shù)字Bugs in LCII惱人的聽辨“蟲”1. unknowDebug Methods殺蟲“計(jì)”the pauses at meaning chunks 意群停頓the context 上下文cultural awareness 文化意識(shí)communicatively conscious 交際性be clear of the intent of the speaker 意圖sharpen your ears by practice

3、練耳Debug Methods殺蟲“計(jì)”the pauses too quick a delivery speed 語速過快problem-solutionculturally-burdened phrases or idioms 英語中的文化陷阱（容易望文生義）unfamiliar topic 不了解主題知識(shí)The actual hours I spend in the off ice are nearly the same as before.In particular, (強(qiáng)調(diào)) I was involved in market research for our soap product

4、s.意思和邏輯關(guān)系要盡量復(fù)述得準(zhǔn)確完整。又如當(dāng)聽到” 我代表中國政府和人民，對(duì)布什總統(tǒng)來華訪問表示熱烈歡迎”。Id like to emphasize.運(yùn)動(dòng) （exercises, sedentary （久坐不動(dòng)的) lifestyle）China today , I understand , is taking a practical and _ approach and we wish you success and offer you our cooperation in this great endeavor.Listening for Meaning instead of for W

5、ordsHowever, I do tend to take more work home these days.詞匯層面：名詞、動(dòng)詞等實(shí)詞The actual hours I spend in the off ice are nearly the same as before.并可以嘗試聽各種不同風(fēng)格的講話。On the other hand , its much more varied.又如當(dāng)聽到” 我代表中國政府和人民，對(duì)布什總統(tǒng)來華訪問表示熱烈歡迎”。Listening for Meaning instead of for WordsHow to1. topic/ theme 話題、主

6、題2. context ( textual & situational)語境（上下文本 & 交際情景）3. tone （語氣）4. gestures & facial expressions（手勢(shì) & 表情）5.intent (說話人意圖）6. Key words (關(guān)鍵詞）簡而言之，who, what,why, how,when,wheretoo quick a delivery speed 語速過What to do?What to do?Logical Listening generalization classification cause-effect compare & contr

7、ast sequencing simple listing problem-solutionLogical Listening generalizati1. 抓關(guān)鍵詞語( keywords and expressions) 表達(dá)信息的關(guān)鍵詞語當(dāng)屬實(shí)意詞, 即名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞。在英語口語中, 關(guān)鍵詞語往往重讀。譯員抓住了關(guān)鍵詞語, 整個(gè)段落就如“綱舉目張”, 迅速被譯員理解。1. 抓關(guān)鍵詞語( keywords and express中文復(fù)述練習(xí)1百老匯- broadway是一條縱貫美國紐約市的“百老匯大街”，這條大街集中了眾多家劇院，電影院，餐館，酒吧等娛樂場(chǎng)所，每天都有大量的戲劇和娛

8、樂演出，因此，百老匯被公認(rèn)為是紐約戲劇和娛樂中心。是美國戲劇和娛樂業(yè)的代名詞。著名的林肯表演藝術(shù)中心就坐落在百老匯大街上。中文復(fù)述練習(xí)1百老匯Listening SkillsMain Idea- brief introduction to BroadwayKey Words美國紐約市娛樂場(chǎng)所戲劇、娛樂演出戲劇和娛樂中心 、代名詞林肯表演藝術(shù)中心Logical Listening (what / who/when /where/ how / why)Listening SkillsMain IdeaPractice- What are the key words in this passage?

9、I am sorry, but weve decided to cancel our order with you. As you know the packaging in the last order wasnt up to standard. This resulted in a high percentage of breakages, which meant we couldnt supply our customers on time. As a result, they were dissatisfied with our service and threatened to go

10、 else where.Therefore we really had no alternative but to look around for another supplier.Keys: cancel order; packaging not up to standard; high percentage of breakages， look for another supplierPractice- What are the key worThis is a happy and memorable occasion for me personally as well as for al

11、l the members of my delegation. Id like to thank you for the gracious hospitality and the warmth with which we have been received. I am very happy with your arrangement. In accepting your gracious invitation to Shanghai, I have an excellent opportunity to learn about the investment environment here.

12、 It is my sincere wish that we should reach an agreement on the establishment of joint venture in this most promising city.Key Words: Hospitality, investment environment, agreement, joint ventureThis is a happy and memorable 聽辨，預(yù)測(cè)關(guān)鍵詞（key words）詞匯層面：名詞、動(dòng)詞等實(shí)詞1. 預(yù)測(cè)詞語搭配隨著中國綜合國力的_和國際地位的_, 中國在國際舞臺(tái)上越來越令人矚目

13、。（國力增強(qiáng)enhance the comprehensive national strength，地位提高 improve its international status）類似的搭配有“加快改革開放，打開了解世界的窗戶，提高機(jī)會(huì)，促進(jìn)發(fā)展”等。The United States and China have made great progress in building a relationship that can _ the challenges of our time, _ global prosperity and _ the cause of peace.(meet, promo

14、te, maintain 應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)，迎接挑戰(zhàn)，促進(jìn)繁榮，維護(hù)和平）2. 預(yù)測(cè)表達(dá)方式譯員聽到 “文化在促進(jìn)國際關(guān)系中的作用” , “作用” 這個(gè)詞英語的習(xí)慣表達(dá)方式“ to play a role in.?！?又如當(dāng)聽到” 我代表中國政府和人民，對(duì)布什總統(tǒng)來華訪問表示熱烈歡迎”。 譯員從“代表?！?可以預(yù)測(cè)出英語的習(xí)慣表達(dá)結(jié)構(gòu)為” On behalf of , I extend myto”聽辨，預(yù)測(cè)關(guān)鍵詞（key words）詞匯層面：名詞、動(dòng)詞等篇章層面1. 預(yù)測(cè)主要成分從語篇的上下文中預(yù)測(cè)出說話人將要表達(dá)的信息，從而獲得相應(yīng)的語言表達(dá)方式或主要成分，如主語，謂語部分。例如： 神州5號(hào)的發(fā)射

15、是一次壯舉，它顯示了中國的太空科技已經(jīng) _.“達(dá)到很高水平，處于世界前列”篇章層面Practice 1 中國國際旅行社為各位安排了富有中國民族文化特色的_旅游線路。 各位將要游覽舉世聞名的景點(diǎn)和_，參觀雄偉的_，觀賞珍貴的_。你們還將有機(jī)會(huì)欣賞中國_，品嘗中國_。我國人民傳統(tǒng)的熱情和好客將使各位的訪問愉快而又_。（interesting, places of interest, ancient buildings, Chinese cultural relics, operas and circus performances, cuisine and local snacks )有趣的古建筑群

16、中國文物戲劇和雜技表演烹調(diào)和地方風(fēng)味小吃難忘名勝Practice 1 有趣的古建筑群中國文物戲劇和雜Practice 2 我非常高興能在此會(huì)見來自大洋彼岸的加拿大商業(yè)界的朋友。“_?！边@句中國古話可以表達(dá)我此刻的心情。 中國政府十分重視同加拿大雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的發(fā)展，并且非常贊賞加中貿(mào)易理事會(huì)為加強(qiáng)我們這兩個(gè)偉大國家商業(yè)界的聯(lián)系而做出的_和起到的橋梁作用。我感謝理事會(huì)所有成員為促進(jìn)加中貿(mào)易所做出的努力。加拿大是一個(gè)工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)、資源_的國家，中國則是一個(gè)勞動(dòng)力充足、_的國家。我們希望看到加拿大的企業(yè)能夠充分利用自己在技術(shù)和財(cái)力上的優(yōu)勢(shì)，贏得中國市場(chǎng)。 (It is always a pleasure

17、to greet a friend from afar; efforts/endeavors, abundant, a huge market )有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來，不亦樂乎努力豐富擁有龐大市場(chǎng)Practice 2 我非常高興能在此會(huì)見來自大Permit me to say again this evening: Let us act according to the principle of mutual respect and_, to the principle of both dignity and fairness.It is certainly in the fundamental in

18、terest of our people to trade and be friends with the Chinese people.We are very _ by your modernization program, an ambitious undertaking which makes our future _ relationship very _.China today , I understand , is taking a practical and _ approach and we wish you success and offer you our cooperat

19、ion in this great endeavor.mutual benefitimpressedcooperationpromisingeffectivePermit me to say again this ev口譯篇章可能遇到的關(guān)鍵詞參考In particular, (強(qiáng)調(diào)) I was involved in market research for our soap blem-solutionOn the other hand , its much more varied.What to do?又如當(dāng)聽到” 我代表中國政府和人民，對(duì)布什總統(tǒng)來華訪問表示熱烈歡迎

20、”。In particular, I was involved in market research for our soap products.移民（immigrant, advocate, liberal, conservative）the context 上下文simple listing（interesting, places of interest, ancient buildings, Chinese cultural relics, operas and circus performances, cuisine and local snacks )In those days ,

21、(時(shí)間順序) I used to be just a member of a team , but now , (轉(zhuǎn)折) Ive go t five people working under me and Im completely responsible for the launch of anew range of hair product s next year.邏輯關(guān)系標(biāo)識(shí)詞（線索詞）The actual hours I spend in the off ice are nearly the same as before.類似的搭配有“加快改革開放，打開了解世界的窗戶，提高機(jī)會(huì)，促進(jìn)發(fā)

22、展”等。Let us act according to the principle of mutual respect and_, to the principle of both dignity and fairness.口譯篇章可能遇到的關(guān)鍵詞參考1， 與經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融等相關(guān)的數(shù)字題：失業(yè)率、失業(yè)數(shù)字（jobless, unemployment rate, lay off）通貨膨脹、通貨緊縮（inflation, deflation）股指（Dow Jones, Nasdaq, S&P（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)）油價(jià)（oil price, crude oil, barrel, OPEC(石油輸出國組織

23、）房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)（real estate）匯率（exchange rate）利率（interest rate）口譯篇章可能遇到的關(guān)鍵詞參考口譯篇章可能遇到的關(guān)鍵詞參考1，2， 現(xiàn)代人的健康問題飲食（diet）運(yùn)動(dòng) （exercises, sedentary （久坐不動(dòng)的) lifestyle）吸煙等不良生活方式（caffeine, tobacco, nicotine, drug abuse濫用藥品, substance dependence 藥物依賴）壓力（stress）肥胖癥（obesity, overeating, calorie）與家庭成員和朋友相聚 (a family reunion)旅行

24、與度假(travelling and vacation)2， 現(xiàn)代人的健康問題3， 對(duì)現(xiàn)代科技的正反兩方面討論電視互聯(lián)網(wǎng)（addiction, e-commerce, privacy, fraud）社交網(wǎng)站（social networking, anonymity 匿名, virtual reality）通訊設(shè)備（convenience, face-to-face communication）新興媒體（emerging media, advertising）高科技與教育的結(jié)合（teenager, adolescent, budget, online courses）3， 對(duì)現(xiàn)代科技的正反兩方面

25、討論4， 職場(chǎng)指南就業(yè)市場(chǎng) （school leaver, recruitment, competition）面試訣竅（interviewing tips）與同事、上級(jí)溝通（colleague, supervisor, superior）提高工作效率（efficiency, productivity）5， 自然災(zāi)害等突發(fā)新聞傷亡情況（die, injure, missing, hospitalize, homeless, displace, seek temporary shelter）對(duì)交通、電力、學(xué)校、商家等的影響（blackout, cripple, paralyze, delay, c

26、ancel）交通事故及其原因（road accident, causes）4， 職場(chǎng)指南6， 對(duì)熱點(diǎn)問題的討論救市 bailout限薪 salary cap創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì) creating job opportunities資源與環(huán)保（scarcity, strain, carbon, emission, recycling, waste disposal）移民（immigrant, advocate, liberal, conservative）信用與消費(fèi)主義（credit, consumerism）自由競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)與政府角色（market economy, government contr

27、ol, protectionism）老齡化社會(huì)（aging society, pension, social welfare）慈善（charity, charitable organization, poverty relief 脫貧，扶貧, wealth distribution）創(chuàng)業(yè)精神（entrepreneurship）6， 對(duì)熱點(diǎn)問題的討論2. 注意篇章標(biāo)記(discourse markers)即席講話者在開口之前, 腦子里就已經(jīng)形成了一幅粗線條“草圖”; 接受采訪的人在聽到問題之后, 也會(huì)迅速構(gòu)思, 簡單地在腦中列出一些“提綱”。但這種草圖或提綱是模糊的, 不完整的, 需要在講話過程

28、中逐漸加以完善。講話者會(huì)運(yùn)用一些標(biāo)記來提醒自己和聽者, 哪些是要點(diǎn), 順序如何, 做出什么結(jié)論等。譯者必須時(shí)刻注意這些標(biāo)記, 以此為輔助線索,“順藤摸瓜”找到講話要旨。人們?cè)诜钦綀?chǎng)合常用的語篇標(biāo)記可大致分為以下幾類:2. 注意篇章標(biāo)記(discourse markers)(1) 時(shí)間順序:In the first p lace, Next, Previously, Secondly, After that, While, Then, Last, When(2) 強(qiáng)調(diào):The point you must remember is. . . Id like to emphasize. . . L

29、et me repeat. The next point is crucial to my argument.(3) 解釋:In other words, Let me put it this way. That is to say.(4) 舉例:For example, For instance, Lets take. . . An example of this was. . .（5) 轉(zhuǎn)換話題:Now lets ( think about, look at, consider, turn our attention to). . .(1) 時(shí)間順序:邏輯關(guān)系標(biāo)識(shí)詞（線索詞）先后次序：fi

30、rst of all, next, previously, simultaneously, eventually 并列關(guān)系：and, too, meanwhile, in the meantime 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：also, moreover, in addition, furthermore, besides, not only, on top of that 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but, however, though, whereas, nevertheless, instead, in fact 讓步關(guān)系：although, despite, in spite of, even though 因果關(guān)系

31、：so, thus, hence, as a result, consequently, reason, because, for, due to, accordingly, lead to 對(duì)照關(guān)系：like, likewise, similarly, in a similar manner, as well as, in common with, both, compared to 對(duì)比關(guān)系：different from, unlike, by contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, conversely 解釋關(guān)系：that is to

32、say, in other words, this means 條件關(guān)系：if, unless, once, provided that, in case (of), had I known, were this to happen 舉例關(guān)系：for example / instance, in this case, namely, such as, a case in point 歸納總結(jié)：on the whole, in brief, to sum up, in conclusion, in summary, to conclude, in short 邏輯關(guān)系標(biāo)識(shí)詞（線索詞）先后次序：f

33、irst of all,Practice-找出這段文字的連接詞Well, I joined the company as a marketing assistant back in 1997 and my duties then were quite different to m y present duties as product manager. Now , Im responsible for both our soap range and hair-care products, whereas before I was getting general marking experien

34、ce. For ex ample, I assisted the marketing manager by collecting and analyzing data. In particular, I was involved in market research for our soap products. My responsibilities have changed a lot, of course. In those days , I used to be just a member of a team , but now , Ive got five people working

35、 under me and Im completely responsible for the launch of a new range of hair products next year. Theres a lot more work. On the other hand , its much more varied. The actual hours I spend in the off ice are nearly the same as before. However, I do tend to take more work home these days. This is som

36、ething our marketing manager, who is directly above me, thinks quite normal.Practice-找出這段文字的連接詞Well, I joiKeysWell, I joined the company as a marketing assistant back in 1997 and my duties then (時(shí)間順序) were quite different to m y present duties as product manager. Now , (時(shí)間順序) Im responsible for both

37、 our soap range and hair2care products, whereas before (對(duì)比) I was getting general marking experience. For example, (舉例) I assisted the marketing manager by collecting and analyzing data. In particular, (強(qiáng)調(diào)) I was involved in market research for our soap products. My responsibilities have changed a lot, of course. In those days , (時(shí)間順序) I used to be just a member of a team , but now , (轉(zhuǎn)折) Ive go t five people w