蘇教牛津譯林9AU2賓語從句語法資料

1、一、賓語從句概念：賓語從句：句子在句中作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語，或介詞的賓語，或形容詞的賓語。I like my teacher.（名詞作賓語 )I enjoy playing basketball.(動(dòng)名詞作賓語）I decide to study hard（.不定式作賓語）I know Mr. Li . （代詞作賓語）Im surprised at meeting you here.動(dòng)(名詞作賓語 )Im glad to meet you here.不(定式作賓語 )Im surprised at what you have done(句子作賓語 )Im glad that I can meet

2、you here.句(子作賓語 )I like what I do. ( 句子作賓語）I know Mr. Li teaches English. (句子作賓語）She asked if the answer was right.句(子作賓語）二、賓語從句三要素 (1) 連接詞(2) 語序 (3)時(shí)態(tài)（一）賓語從句的連接詞根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。(1)that 引導(dǎo)(2)if/whether引導(dǎo)(3)連接代詞whowhom連接副詞whenwhywhose wherewhathowwhich一 )that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句賓語從句是指一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)賓語，在主句與從句之間有一個(gè)

3、引導(dǎo)詞。1 These flowers are from Guangdong. He says.He says_ these flowers are from Guangdong.2.Light travels faster than sound. He tells.He tells me _ light travels faster than sound.3 There will be a meeting in five days. Jack doesn t know.Jack doesn t know _ therewill be a meeting in five days.A引導(dǎo)詞本身

4、的省略與不省略1that 可以省略連詞 that 引導(dǎo)賓語從句，只起連接主、從句的作用，它本身無意義，在口語或非正式文體中常省略。如：He says( that) he is a Young Pioneer. 他說他是個(gè)少先隊(duì)員。2that 不可以省略(1)從句的主語是 that 時(shí)， that 不省略。如：We know that that is an interesting story.我們知道那是一個(gè)有趣的故事。that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中若再有復(fù)合句時(shí)， that 不能省略。如：I think that if you have lost the library book, you mus

5、t pay for it我認(rèn)為如果你已把圖書館的書丟失了，你就必須賠償。(3)主、從句之間有插入語時(shí)，that 不能省略。如：It says here, in the newspaper, that English is getting more and more important.報(bào)紙上寫著，英語正變得越來越重要。B何時(shí)使用 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，表示陳述一件事，即由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化而來。如：He says( that) he is listening to the weather report.他說他正在聽天氣預(yù)報(bào)。1主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是think ， hear， ho

6、pe， wish， remember ， forget ，know ，say，guess等時(shí)，常接 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 如：I hope( that) he will be fine soon.我希望他很快好起來。主句由 “連系動(dòng)詞 +形容詞 ”構(gòu)成的 “系表 ”結(jié)構(gòu)，常接 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這類形容詞多表示感情，如 happy ， glad， pleased， sad，sure， afraid 等等。如：Im afraid( that) he cant come恐怕他不能來了。)if 和 whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句1何時(shí)使用 if 或 whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句if

7、或 whether 引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，作 “是否 ”講，常放在動(dòng)、詞ask， see， say，don t know， wonder, doubt 和 find out 等后面。一般情況下，兩者常可換用，在口語中多用 if 。如：Nobody knows whether( if) it will rain tomorrow.沒有人知道明天是否下雨。1 Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _ they can speak French.2 Are the children playing games? I wonder.I wo

8、nder _ the children are playing games.3.Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know.I dont know _ the watch was made in Shanghai.4. I wonder. Is there anything wrong?I wonder _there is_wrong.2if 和 whether 的區(qū)別：(1)在動(dòng)詞不定式之前 只能用 whether。如：I cant decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。(2)在 whetheror not 的固定搭配中

9、。如：1 want to know whether its good news or not.我想知道是否是好消息。(3)在介詞后 ，只能用 whether。如：His father is worried about whether he loses his work.他的父親擔(dān)心是否會(huì)失去工作。(4)賓語從句放在句首 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，只能用whether。如：Whether they can finish the work on time is still a problem.他們是否能準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作還是個(gè)問題。(5)用 if 會(huì)引起歧義時(shí)，只用whether 。 如：Could you te

10、ll me if you know the answer?這句話有兩種意思： “你能告訴我是否知道答案嗎？ ”或 “如果你知道答案，請告訴我，好嗎？ ”。如用whether 可避免歧義。1.They dont know _ to go or wait. (if, whether)2. We are talking about _ we ll go backrow.tomor(whether, if)()3. I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A. whatB. ifC. whenD. where()4. I want to know _ its g

11、ood news or not.A.thatB.whetherC. ifD.which()5.I am not interested in_he is crazy about football.A.ifB. thatC. whetherD. which三）由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞 when, where, why,how 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。 這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。例：He asked who could answer the question/which was the best way t

12、o the museum?Do you know whom they are waiting for?He asked whose bike was the best in the class4) Do you know when we ll have a meeting？Please tell me where he is?Can you tell me how I can get to the station?Could you tell me why the train is late.1 How many people can you see in the picture? Who k

13、nows?Who knows _ _ _ you can see in the picture?2 Where did she park her car? Do you know?Do you know _ she parked her car?3 What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.The girl wondered _ he often talked about.4 Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don t know.I don t know _ _ at the door so lo

14、udly.Jim told me _ he didnt go fishing yesterday afternoon（.how, why）Do you know _ else is going to be on duty today？（ who, whom）I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）二、語序無論主句是陳述句還是疑問句，賓語從句都必須使用陳述語序，即“主句連詞賓語從句（主語謂語） ”句式。根據(jù)連接詞在從句中所擔(dān)任的不同成分，可分為以下四種：1）連接詞謂語。連接詞在從句中作主語。常見的連

15、接詞有： who，what， which 等。如：Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告訴我誰知道答案嗎？The small children dont know what is in their stockings這些小孩子不知道襪子里有什么東西？2）連接詞名詞謂語。 連接詞在從句中作主語的定語。常見的連接詞有：whose，what， which，how many，how much 等。如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class他問我們班上誰的書法最好。The tea

16、cher asked us how many people there were in the room老師問我們房間里有多少人。3）連接詞主語謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語、狀語或表語。常見的連接詞有： who（m）， what，which ，how many， how much， when，why， how，where， if whether（在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分）等。如：He hasnt decided if hell go on a trip to Wuxi他還沒決定是否去無錫旅行。Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告

17、訴我我如何處理這筆錢嗎？4）連接詞名詞主語謂語。連接詞在從句中作賓語或表語的定語。常見的連接詞有： what，which， how many， how much，how 等。如：Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪個(gè)班嗎？She asked me if I knew whose pen it was她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。1 How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _in the picture?2 Where does she park

18、her car? Do you know?Do you know _ _ _ her car?3 What does he often talk about? The girl wonders.The girl wonders _ _ _ _ _.4 Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don t know.I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly.Jim told me .Why Jim didnt go fishing yesterday afternoon?Who else is going to be on du

19、ty today？Do you know.思考：I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）8. I dontknow _ it is from school to my home.(how long; how far)三、時(shí)態(tài)that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句， 主句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) ，從句可以用符合句意要求的 任一時(shí)態(tài) 。如： He says( that) they have returned already. 他說他們已經(jīng)回來了。He says they will go abroad this weekend

20、. 如果主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句要用過去時(shí)態(tài)的某種形式（一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)），即 主過從過 。如：He said( that) he bought a new dictionary.他說他買了本新詞典。He said that he would bought a new dictionary. 如果從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言、警句、格言、諺語等等，盡管主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 如：He said that time is life他說時(shí)間就是生命。He said the sun rises from the east.She told u

21、s light travels fast than sound.1 These flowers are from Guangdong. He says.He says_ these flowers _ _ Guangdong.拓展：He said_these flowers_ _Guangdong.2.Light travels faster than sound. He tells.He tells me_.拓展：He told me_.3 There will be a meeting in five days. Jack doesn t know.Jack doesn t know _

22、there _ _ a meeting in five days.拓展：Jack didn t know_there _ _ a meeting in five days.4.These flowers were from Guangdong. He said.He said _.拓展：He says_.賓語從句專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1.連接詞角度() 1 Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty?A. whoB. whatC. whenD. that() 2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A. whatB. ifC. wh

23、enD. where() 3 I hardly understand _ he has told me.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. who() 4 She didnt know_ back soon.A. whether he would beB. if would he be C. he will be D.whether wouldhe be() 5 I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years.A. whetherB whereC. whatD. when() 6 Do you know _ they l

24、istened to yesterday evening?A. whatB whenC whyD how() 7 He asked me _told me the accident.A whomB whichC whoD whose() 8.They dont know _their parents are.A thatB whatC whyD which2.陳述句語序角度() 1.Please tell me _ last year.A. where does your sister work B where did your sister workC where your sister w

25、orksD where your sister worked() 2.She asked me if I knew _.A. whose pen is itB. whose pen it wasC. whose pen it isD. whose pen was it() 3. You must remember _.A. what your mother saidB. what did your mother sayC. your mother said whatD. what has your mother said() 4. Did you know _?A. who he was lo

26、oking afterB. who was he looking forC. who he is looking forD. who he is looking after()5. Could you tell me _?A. when will they leave BeijingB. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave BeijingD. when did they leave Beijing時(shí)態(tài)一致性() 1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them

27、.A. tookB. takeC. takesD. will take() 2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never goneB. had never goneC. has never beenD. had never been() 3 The students want to know whether they_ dictation today.A. hadB. has .C. will haveD. are() 4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some.A. could sheB. she

28、couldC. she canD. she may() 5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A. travelledB. has travelledC. travelsD. had travelled當(dāng)堂檢測一、單項(xiàng)選擇() 1.- I think this is the best movie of the year.-I am not sure _ you are right. Anyway, the ending is OK.A. thatB. weatherC. ifD. of()2.The teacher asked Lucy _.A. whe

29、re she comes fromB. what did she like bestC. if she could speak ChineseD. when was she born()3.I don t knowor not he will come. _ he comes,I ll tell you.A.if, Whether B. whether, WhetherC. if, If D. whether, If()4.-What did your teacher say this morning?-She told me _.A.why was Tom late for school B

30、.whether we had too much homeworkC.how she did come to schoolD. that we would have a test soon()5. Could you tell me _ a concert next week?A.if there was going to beB. whether is there going to beC. if there is going to beD. whether there is going to have()6.Which of the following sentences is right

31、?A.I m not sure that he will give back the money.B.If you like it or not, I m taking you to the doctor.C.He asked me if or not I wanted to playD.Im not sure if Im pronouncing his name correctly.)7.Which of the following sentences is Right?A.I m not sure that he will come back in 2 days.B.Can you tel

32、l me which is the way to the hospital.C.He asked me what I will do the next dayD.I am not interested in if he is crazy about football.二、將下面的句子連接成為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句1. Whats his name? I asked him.I asked him _ _ _ _.2. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.Please tell me _ _ _ _.3. Do they want fried ch

33、icken? He asked the boys.He asked the boys _ _ _ fried chicken.4. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know.I dont know _ the watch _ made in Shanghai.5 How many people can you see in the picture? Who knew?Who knew _ _ _ _ _ _in the picture?6 There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn t know.

34、Jack didn t know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.7 Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.8. Who else is going to be on duty today？Do you know.Do you know_.9 Which bag do you like better? I don t know.I don t know_.10.What is on t

35、he table? I wondered.I wondered_.三、用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。We are sure that he _ (go) to school tomorrow.Do you know who _ (be) the first man to walk on the moon?Could you tell me where the post office _ (is)?Our father said that he _ (will) buy a new computer.I hear that he _ (swim) in the sea yesterday.The l

36、ittle boy tells us where his father _ (work).He said that he _ (finish) his work already.They thought they could _ (hike) to the top of the mountain.He was glad that so many people _ (help) him.She doesn t know whether _ (go) or wait.賓語從句專題練習(xí)()1. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday?A. wha

37、t will Tom doB. what did Tom doC. what Tom will doD. what Tom did)2. I want to know_.A. what is his nameB. what his nameC. that his name isD. what his name is)3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam?A. thatB. whetherC. whatD. which()4. Jim doesn t understand _.A. which is the way to the museumB. why

38、his wife always goes shoppingC. what is the way to the museumD. why does she always go shopping()5. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for?A. thatB. whoseC. whoD. which()6. Mr. King didn t know _ yesterday evening.A. when does his son come homeB. when his son comes homeC. when did his son come home

39、D. when his son came home()7. Could you tell me _ the bike this morning?A. how does he mendB. how he mendsC. how he mendedD. how did he mend()8. - I m waiting for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive?-Usually it comes by 4: 00.A. howB. whereC. whenD. what()9. -Excuse me, would you please tell me _

40、?-Certainly. Go straight along here. It s next to a hospital.A. how we can get to the post officeB. how can we get to the post officeC. how get to the post officeD. how could we get to the post office()10. -Can I help you?-Yes. I d like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _ take to getthere?A. h

41、ow soon will itB. how soon it willC. how long it willD. how long will it()11. He wanted to know _.A. whether he speaks at the meetingB. when the meeting would startC. what he sgoing to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held()12. -Could you tell me _ the Bamboo Garden?-The day after tom

42、orrow, I think.A. when will you visitB. when you will visitC. when would you visitD. when you would visit()13. Would you please tell me _ next, Mr Wang?A. what should we doB. we should do whatC. what we should doD. should we do what()14. You canimaginet _ when they received these nice Christmasprese

43、nts.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited()15. I want to know _ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow.A. thatB. whenC. whereD. whether()16. -Could you tell me _?-Sorry, I don t know. I was not at the meeting.A. what does he say at the meetingB

44、. what did he say at the meetingC. what he says at the meetingD. what he said at the meeting()17. -Could you tell me _ last night?- Er, I was watching TV at home.A. what you were doingB. what were you doingC. what you are doingD. what are you doing()18. The teacher asked the students _.A. if they we

45、re interested in dinosaursB. when was Albert Einstein bornC. what they will do with the computersD. how many trees they have planted()19. Every morning the patients are asked if _ their temperature taken.A. they had hadB. have they hadC. they have hadD. had they had()20. It s up to you to decide _ y

46、ou ll go there, by air or by road.A. howB. whyC. thatD. when()21.He asked me _ we could go to Beijing to watch the game byplane.A. thatB. ifC. howD. what()22. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _?-Yes. There is a video shop next to the tall building.A. where can I buy some CDsB. where I can buy some CDsC

47、. when can I buy some CDsD. when I can buy some CDs()23. I don tnowk if my uncle _. If he _, I will be very happy.A. comes; will comeB. will come; will comeC. comes; comesD. will come; comes()24. My physics teacher said that light _ faster than sound.A. travelB. travelsC. traveledD.travelled()25. Yo

48、u are growing so fast. Can you tell me _ now?A. how fast are youB. how fast you areC. how tall are youD. how tall you are()26. -Excuse me, could you tell me _?-Certainly. Go straight ahead and you ll see it on your left.A. where the post office isB. when you will visit the museumC. where is the post

49、 officeD. when will you visit the museum()27. I wanted to know _, but no one would like to tell me.A. what did the old man sayB. what the old man needC. what did the old man wantD. what the old man meant()28. July didn t know_.A. where is Tim s fatherB. when was the first watch madeC. who the old ma

50、n isD. what was wrong with her watch()29. -Do you think _ a concert in our school hall this weekend?-Yes, there will.A. there will haveB. there will beC. will there beD. will there have()30.-Could you please tell me _?- It s next to the hotel.A. where is the museum B. the museum is where C. where th

51、e museum is()31. -Do you know _ for Shanghai last night?-At 9:00A. what time he leavesB. what time does he leaveC. what time he leftD. what time did he leave()32.-Do you know _ last night?-Sorry, I don t know. But I think he should go to bed early because he willhave an English exam this afternoon.A

52、. when he goes to bedB. when he went to bed C. when did he go to bed()33. -We don t know _.-It is said that he was born in Canada.A. what he isB. where he was bornC. where he comes fromD. if he lives here()33. Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _?A. where you buy itB. where do you buy itC. w

53、here you bought itD. where did you buy it()34.-Excuse me .Could you tell me_ I can get to the Space Museum?-Of course. You can take bus No.1.A. whereB. howC. ifD. why()35.-Do you know _the new mobile phone last week?-Maybe 900 yuan. I m not quite sure.A.how much she paid forB.how much will she pay f

54、orC.how much did she pay forD.how much she will pay for()36. Mi chael Jordan has failed over and over again in his life.And thatsucceeds .A. whatB. whenC. whyD. where()37. -Do you know _the girl in red is?- I m not sure. Maybe ateacher. s _A. whenB. howC. whereD. what()38.I want to know _.A. when we

55、 should arrive at the airportB. when should we arrive at the airportC. when the airport we should arrive atD. when the airport should we arrive at()39. -Would you please tell me _?-At 10:00 this evening.A. when will the train leaveB. when the train will leaveC. when does the train leaveD.when did th

56、e train leave()40.-Could you tell me_?-Fill in this form and I will give you acard.A. how I can meet CathyB. where I can meet CathyC. when I can meet CathyD.where can I meet Cathy()41. -Do you know _ the man with sunglasses is?-I m not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. whoB. whatC. whereD. how()42.-Tommy, d

57、o you know if Frank _ to the zoo this Sunday ifit_?-Sorry, I have no idea.(A. will go; is fineB. goes; is fineC. will go; is going to be fineD. goes; will be fine)43. No one can be sure_ in a million years.A. what man looks likeB. what will man look likeC. what man looked likeD. what man will look l

58、ike)44. Sue told me that she _ shopping with her sister the next day.A. will goB. would goC. goesD. has gone)45. The new-designed car is on show now. I wonder _.A. how much it costB. how much did it costC. how much it costsD. how much does it cost)46. -When do you think _?-About half past five. I wi

59、ll pick him up at the airport.A. he will comeB. will he comeC. did he comeD. he came)47. Our teacher told us the sun _ in the east.A. riseB. roseC. risingD. rises)48. -Listen! It is still noisy in the head teacher s office.-Go and see _ they have finished correcting the papers yet.A. thoughB. whethe

60、rC. unlessD. while)49. -What time will Mr. Brown be back to China?-Sorry. I don t know _.A. when did he go abroadB. why he is going abroadC. how soon will he be backD. how long he will stay abroad)50.-Do you know _ the man with sunglasses is?-I m not sure. Maybe a reporter.A. whoB. whatC. whereD.whe