【2】中考英語專項復習 冠詞

1、（二）冠詞01 命題趨勢 考標導向化近幾年中考對冠詞的考查重點是不定冠詞a和an的區(qū)別，定冠詞及零冠詞。對冠詞的習慣用法的考查是主要考點之一，所以對此類用法一定要熟記在心。另外在學習中，應充分重視對最基本的冠詞知識的理解、掌握，同時注意冠詞活用的問題。做題時要弄清句子中的單數(shù)名詞、復數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞及泛指、特指等概念。預計年命題趨勢仍可能是定冠詞與不定冠詞的區(qū)別和冠詞的習慣用法。02 定義 概念清晰化冠詞是一種虛詞，不能在句子中作獨立成分，要用在名詞的前面，幫助說明名詞所指的人或事物。它不能離開名詞而單獨存在，因此，可以說冠詞就是名詞的一種標志。在英語中，冠詞分為不定冠詞(a和an)和定冠詞

2、(the)兩種：不定冠詞一般用于單數(shù)名詞前，表示泛指；定冠詞既可修飾可數(shù)名詞(單復數(shù)均可)，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞，表示特指。03 知識歸類 知識網絡化不定冠詞a(an)分類圖解用法例子1.a用在輔音音素前，an用在元音音素前。This is a useful book.He is an honest boy.2.用于第一次提到的、表示人或物的可數(shù)的單數(shù)名詞前，表示“一個”，相當于one。Here is a map of the United States.I have a story book.3.用在可數(shù)的、單數(shù)形式的普通名詞前，表示價格、速度、時間、頻率等度量上的“每一”等。An apple

3、 a day keeps the doctor away.We take computer lessons once a week.4.抽象名詞在某些情況下可以與不定冠詞連用，表示“一種、一場”等。Its a pleasure to have a chat with you.5.用在單數(shù)名詞前，表示一類人或物中的任何一個。The sun is a star.A knife is used for cutting.6.用在序數(shù)詞前表示“又一、再一”等。He copied the article a third time.7.用于固定短語中。have a look, a lot of, have

4、a good time, a little, a few特例清單1.有些單詞雖然是以輔音字母開頭，但使用不定冠詞an。如：hour和honest以輔音字母h開頭，但h并不發(fā)音，因此用an。2.有些單詞雖然是以元音字母開頭，但使用不定冠詞a。如：useful和university以元音字母u開頭，但u發(fā)/音，故使用a。3.表示成套的東西時，兩個并列的名詞前只能用一個不定冠詞。如：a knife and fork一套刀叉a table and chair 一套桌椅4.不可數(shù)名詞前一般不用冠詞，但如果具體化，表示一個具體的情況、動作或某一類事物時，可以用不定冠詞a或an。如：Have a smoke

5、?抽支煙吧？No, thanks. I gave up smoking long time ago.不了，謝謝，我早戒了。Tom started at a walk but soon broke into a run.湯姆開始時步行，但一會兒就奔跑起來了。【題組訓練】( )1.(2014來賓)Would you like_ new blue T-shirt，Mary?Sorry，Mom. I prefer _ orange one.A.a;a B.a;anC.an;a D.an;an( )2.(2014曲靖)Have you seen the film Dad，Where Are We Goi

6、ng?Yes.Its _ interesting one.A.a B.anC.the D./( )3.(2014麗水)Mrs. Smith has _ 8-year-old daughter who has won two national painting prizes.A.a B.anC.the D.不填( )4.(2014重慶)I have _ English dictionary and it helps me a lot.A.a B.anC.the D./( )5.(2014鎮(zhèn)江)We can live a better life if we create _ less pollut

7、ed world.A.the B.anC.a D.不填定冠詞the分類圖解用法例子1.用于談話雙方都清楚的名詞前，表示特指。Tom, come to the blackboard, please.2.用于再次被提到的名詞前。There is a book on the desk. The book is Toms.3.和一些名詞連用，表示類別。The light bulb was invented by Edison.4.用于被形容詞、介詞短語或定語從句修飾的名詞前。Hand me the new book, please.5.用于形容詞的最高級或序數(shù)詞前。Tom is the tallest

8、 in our class.6.用在世界上獨一無二的事物或樂器前。the sun, the moon, play the piano7.用于姓氏的復數(shù)前表示“一家人”或“夫婦”。The Turners are at breakfast table.8.與某些形容詞連用表示一類人或事物。The young should help the old.9.用于由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前。the Great Wall, the United States10.用于一些固定短語中。by the way, in the end【題組訓練】( )6.(2014永州)The little girl began

9、to play _ violin at the age of five.A.a B.the C.不填( )7.(2014十堰)Can you play _ guitar?Sure. Its a piece of cake for me.A.a B.anC.the D./( )8.(2014嘉興)Whats the matter with you?I cant remember where I parked _ car.A.a B.anC.the D.不填( )9.(2014淮安)Beijing is one of _ biggest cities in China.A.a B.anC.the

10、D./( )10.(2014威海)Mom，I like _ green T-shirt. Could you buy it for me？A.a B.anC.the D.不填不用冠詞的情況分類圖解用法例子1.在專有名詞或不可數(shù)名詞前。Paper is made of wood.2.名詞前有指示代詞、物主代詞或不定代詞作定語。Go along this road.Every student likes English in our class.3.復數(shù)名詞表示一類人或事物時。My parents are teachers.4.在節(jié)日、日期、月份、季節(jié)前。Today is Childrens Da

11、y.Its hot in summer.5.在一日三餐、球類運動、學科的名詞前。He went to school without breakfast.Lets play football after school.6.在某些固定短語中。in bed, in hospital, on foot, at school特例清單1.如果三餐名詞之前有定語修飾時，可加不定冠詞。如：We had a wonderful lunch.我們吃了一頓很好的午餐。He gave me a good supper.他請我吃了一頓豐盛的晚餐。2.如果特指某頓飯時，可加定冠詞。如：The supper was dif

12、ferent from that one.這頓飯和那頓飯不同。How did you like the dinner they gave?你們覺得他們提供的飯怎么樣？3.如果季節(jié)、月份或日期名詞被一個限定詞修飾時，前面可加定冠詞。如：He came to Beijing in the winter of 1999.他是1999年冬天來北京的。I bought the bike in the May of 2004.這輛自行車是我2004年的5月份買的。4.由festival組成的中國特有的節(jié)日前要加定冠詞the。如：the Spring Festival春節(jié)；the Lantern Festi

13、val 元宵節(jié)。5.某些短語中有無冠詞the，意義會大不相同。如：(1)go to school去上學；go to the school到(所指)的學校去(2)at table用餐，在吃飯；at the table在桌邊(3)in hospital生病住院；in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里(并非生病住院)(4)in front of在前面(范圍之外)；in the front of 在前部(范圍之內)(5)by sea(=by ship)乘船，走水路；by the sea 在海邊(6)in class在上課；in the class在班上(7)in place of替代；in the

14、place of 在地方【題組訓練】( )11.(2014內江)Would you like to come to my party this afternoon?Id like to，but my mother is ill in _ hospital，I will go to_ hospital to see her.A.不填;a B.a;theC.the；the D.不填;the( )12.(2014蘭州)She likes playing _ piano; her brother likes playing _ basketball.A.the;a B.a:theC./;the D.t

15、he;/( )13.(2014邵陽)The young man in a blue coat is my PE teacher. He often plays _basketball with us.A.the B.a C./( )14.(2014泰州)Lu Jailed，14，from _ Hangzhou Foreign Language School，won _ first place in the CCTV Character Spelling Contest(中國漢字聽寫大會).A./;the B.a;the C.a;a D./;a( )15.(2014廣東)Eric is not

16、going to Nanjing by _ plane. Instead，he is taking _ train.A./;a B.a;/ C.a;the D.the;a04 整合集訓 反饋層級化( )1.David is from _ European country and he is _honest boy.A.a;a B.a;an C.an;a D.an;an( )2.Beijing is _ capital of China and it is _ city with many places of interest.A.a;a B.a;the C.the;a D.the;the( )

17、3.Would you like some dumplings for _ supper?But we just had dumplings on _ Tuesday.A.a;the B.the;a C.a;a D./;/( )4.What was Professor Wang doing at this time yesterday?She was giving her students _ lesson on _ history.A.a;/ B.a;an C.the;the D.the;a( )5. _Whites were watching TV when _ telephone ran

18、g.A.A;a B.A;the C.The;the D./;a( )6.Why did you laugh just now?Dad wanted to tell me _ very funny story, but he forgot _ end himself.A.a;an B.an;the C.the;a D.a;the( )7.How was _ dinner at Mikes house?It was great.Mikes mum is _wonderful cook.A.a;the B.the;a C.the;the D.a;an( )8.He has tried twice,

19、and he is asked to have _ third try.A.the B.a C.an D./( )9.Excuse me.Do you have any books about _ moon?Yes,they are on _ shelf over there.A.a;a B.a;the C.the;/ D.the;the( )10.I like playing _ chess,while my brother is interested in listening to _ music.A./;/ B.the;the C.the;/ D.a;the( )11.There is

20、_ airport in our city,and it is _ first one in our province.A.a;the B.an;/ C.a;/ D.an;the( )12.Theres _ ball on the ground. Would you please pass _ ball to me?With pleasure.A.the;the B.the;aC.a;a D.a;the( )13.We have raised a lot of money for _ poor in our country.A.an B./ C.a D.the( )14.We usually

21、go to _ school on weekdays,and sometimes go to _cinema at weekends.A./;the B.the;theC.the;/ D./;/( )15.How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here?It takes you _ hour or more to go to my hometown by _ train.A.an;a B.a;a C.an;/ D.a;/( )16.Where are my shoes,Mum?Ive washed them for you.Y

22、ou have to wear _ different pair.A.the B.a C.an D./( )17.Look!There is _ useful book on the desk. _book must be Lucys.She left there just now.A.a;The B.the;TheC.an;The D.an;A( )18.Can Xie Xiaojun play _ piano?Yes.She can play a little. She has made _ decision to learn to play more music.A.the;the B.a;aC.a;an D.the;a( )19.I have got _ A for my English Mummy.Oh,boy,you have really given me _ pleasant surprise.A.an;/ B.an;a C.a;the D.a;/( )20.Many young people are interested in _ secrets behind L