分詞短語做狀語用法

1、關于分詞短語做狀語的用法第1頁，共11頁，2022年，5月20日，11點27分，星期四I. Participles1、作為謂語，現(xiàn)在分詞和be 一起構成進行時；過去分詞和be一起構成被動語態(tài)，和have一起構成完成時。例如：1) I am reading a novel by Maupassant. （現(xiàn)在分詞和be 一起表示主語正在進行的動作。）2) Mr. Robinson has drunk five glasses of wine already. （過去分詞和have 一起表示主語已經(jīng)完成的動作。）3) The gold fish bowl was broken by Xiao Ta

2、o just now. （過去分詞和be 一起表示主語是動作的承受者。）第2頁，共11頁，2022年，5月20日，11點27分，星期四2、作為非謂語形式，分詞可用作形容詞和副詞，在句子中充當定語、表語、補語和狀語。但它仍保持動詞的一般特征，可以有自己的賓語和狀語。 分詞和自己的賓語、狀語構成分詞短語。1) The question being discussed seems important.(定語) = The question which is being discussed seems important.2) The old days are gone. (表語)3) Walking

3、 along the sands, Crusoe saw in the sand the mark of a mans foot. (狀語) = While he was walking along the sands, Crusoe I had my hair cut yesterday. (賓語補足語)第3頁，共11頁，2022年，5月20日，11點27分，星期四II. Participles as Adverbials1. 分詞和分詞短語作狀語時，可以表示時間、原因、行為方式等意義。表示時間和原因的分詞短語相當于對應的狀語從句。例如:1) Seeing the teacher enter

4、ing the room, the students stood up. = When the students saw the teacher entering the room, they stood up.2) Heated, the Metal expands. = The metal expands if /when it is heated. 3) Being excited, I couldnt go to sleep. = As I was excited, I couldnt go to sleep.第4頁，共11頁，2022年，5月20日，11點27分，星期四4) Bein

5、g a student, he was interested in sports. = As he was a student, he was interested in sports.5) Inspired by Dr. Yangs speech, Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder. = As they were inspired by Dr. Yangs speech, Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder.6) While rea

6、ding the newspaper, father nodded from time to time. = While he was reading the newspaper, father nodded from time to time.7) Having failed three times, he didnt want to try again. = As he had failed three times, he didnt want to try again.第5頁，共11頁，2022年，5月20日，11點27分，星期四2.分詞短語做狀語的原則：1)現(xiàn)在分詞的動作和謂語動作同時

7、或幾乎同時發(fā)生、意思是主動的。2)過去分詞的動作在謂語動作之前發(fā)生，且及物動詞的過去分詞意思是被動的。3)現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語時，該動作是由句子的主語發(fā)出的。4)過去分詞做狀語時，該動作是施加到句子主語上的。第6頁，共11頁，2022年，5月20日，11點27分，星期四3.狀語從句轉(zhuǎn)化為分詞短語做狀語1) When she saw nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.2) The secretary worked late into the night, as he was preparing a speech for the presi

8、dent.Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.The secretary worked late into the night, preparing a speech for the president.第7頁，共11頁，2022年，5月20日，11點27分，星期四3) Because he was tired of the noise, he closed the window.4) After they had watered the vegetables, they began to pick up the ap

9、ples.5) After he finished the work, he packed his tools and left.Tired of the noise, he closed the window.Having watered the vegetables, they began to pick up the Apples.Having finished the work, he packed his tools and left.第8頁，共11頁，2022年，5月20日，11點27分，星期四注意：分詞做狀語時，根據(jù)表意需要，前面會保留引起狀語從句的連詞。1) After I a

10、te my dinner quickly, I went to see Jim off.2) Though the engine was built before the Second World War, it is still in good condition.After eating my dinner quickly, I went to see Jim off. Though built before the Second World War，the engine is still in good condition.第9頁，共11頁，2022年，5月20日，11點27分，星期四3) Tom will never do this unless he was forced.4) She has been quite different since she came back from America.Tom will n