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1、2023年職稱英語考試試題與答案 理工類B第1局部 詞匯題1、Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted,joe,joe,joe!A、jumped B.repeated C.maintained D.approached2、What puzzles me is why his books are so popular.A.confuses B.shocks C.influences D.concerns3.The storm caused severe damage.A.physical B.accidental C.environmental D.
2、serious4.Our aim was to update the health service, and we succeeded.A.offer B.modernize C.provide D.fund5.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous.A.slightly B.partly C.faintly D pletely6.A large crowd assembled outside the American embassy.A.watched B.gathered C.shouted D.walked7.The contempt
3、he felt for his fellow students was obvious.A . need B.hate C.love D.pity8.All the flats in the building had the same layout.A.color B.arrangement C.size D.function9.The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.A.hot B.heavy C.fresh D.windy10.He inspired many youn
4、g people to take up the sport.A.allowed B.called C.advised D.encouraged11.I think7 for a drink is a bit steep,dont you?A.tight B.high C.low D.cheap12.Most babies can take in a wide range of food easily.A.bring B.keep C.serve D.digest13.The city centre was wiped out by the bomb.A.destoryed B.covered
5、C.reduced D.moved14.The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks.A.empty B.big C.long D.new15.Do we have to wear these name tags?A.lists B.labels C.forms D.codes第2局部 閱讀判斷Eastern Quakes Can Trigger Big ShakesIn the first week of November 2023,people in central Oklahoma experienced more than two dozen
6、 earthquakes. The largest, a magnitude量5.6 quake, shook thousands of fans in a college football stadium, caused cracks in a few buildings and scared many people who had never felt a quake before. Oklahoma is not an area of the country famous for its quakes. If you watch the news on TV, you see repor
7、ts about all sorts of natural disasters. But the most dangerous type of natural disaster, and also the most unpredictable, is the earthquake.Researchers at the US Geological SurveyUSGSestimate that several million earthquakes occur globally each year. That may sound scary, but people dont feel many
8、of them because they happen in remote and unpopulated regions. Many quakes happen under the ocean, and others have a very small magnitude.Scientists know about small, remote quakes only because of very sensitive electronic devices called seismometers地震儀. These devices detect and measure the size of
9、ground vibrations震顫produced by earthquakes. Altogether, USGS researchers use seismometers to identify and locate about 20000 earthquakes each year.Although earthquakes can happen anywhere in the world, really big quakes occur only in certain areas. The largest ones register a magnitude 8 or higher a
10、nd happen, on average, only once each year. Such big ones typically occur along the edges of Earths tectonic plates構(gòu)造板塊.Thctonic plates are huge pieces of Earths crust外殼, sometimes many kilometers thick. Often, edges of these plates temporarily lock together. When plates push and scrape擦past each ot
11、her earthquakes occur. On average, tectonic plates move very slowly-bout the same speed as your fingernails grow.But sometimes earthquakes rumble轟轟作響through portions of the landscape far from a plates edges. Although less expected, these “mid-plate small earthquakes can be stantial damage. Some of t
12、he biggest known examples hit the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago. Today, scientists are still puzzling over why the quakes occurred and when similar ones might occur.16. Oklahoma is an area often experiencing natural disasters.A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned17. The earthquake
13、is the most unpredictable natural disaster.A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned18. Few earthquakes happen without peoples awareness.A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned19. Seismometers can identify and locate most of the earthquakes in China.A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned20. Big earthquakes of a magnit
14、ude 8 or higher seldom happen far from the edges of tectonic plates.A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned21. Whenever tectonic plates move, earthquakes happen.A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned22. The earthquake that hit the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago is the biggestmid-plate one
15、in history.A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned第3局部Learn about Noble Gases惰性氣體1 Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many tourist spots offer balloon rides in order for people to see the beauty of a place from above. A balloon contains a noble gas called hellum氦. Formerly, balloons contained hydrogen but
16、 hydrogen is very flammable and dangerous when uncontrolled. Therefore, people shifted to helium, which is safer. Helium is safe because it has the properties of the noble gases.2 People once belleved that noble gases couldnt chemically react at all. For this reason, they were called inert gases惰性氣體
17、. They were also listed under Group 0 in the old periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero valence價electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when some noble gas compounds were discovered.3 The gases are elements, which share similar properties. Thes
18、e properties include being monoatomic, colorless, odorless, being able to conduct electricity, and having low chemical reactivity. Noble gases include Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon. These are all found in Group 18, in the rightmost column of the periodic table. If you look at the per
19、iodic table, you will notice that these elements are the only ones, which do not have a charge. Helium has the lowest molecular分子的weight while Radon is the heaviest.4 Remember that chemical reactions occur because atoms have valence electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell. When the outer
20、 shell is “unfilled or the required number of electrons is not yet complete, the atom is more reactive. Noble gases have a full outer shell, meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell. This complete number varies. For instance, the outer shell of Helium has 2 valence electrons wh
21、ile the outer shell of Xenon has 8 electrons. Nowadays, there remains to be a few noble gases because of the low chemical reactivity of these said gases.5 because of their properties, noble gases have many important applications. They are widely used in medicine and industries. For instance, liquid
22、Helium is used for superconductingmagnets磁體. These magnets are very important in physics and medicine. When a doctor suspects that a persons brain has been damaged, he might request for Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). MRI allows the doctor to “see the brain, without operating on the patient.23. par
23、agraph 2 24. paragraph 3 25. paragraph 4 26. paragraph 5 A. How were noble gases discovered?B. what is the periodic table?C. what are the applications of noble gases?D. How were noble gases understood in the past?E.What causes the low chemical reactivity of noble gases?F. What are noble gases?27. No
24、ble gases are not very chemically.28. Among the elements of noble gases Helium is the.29. The required number of electrons in noble gasesouter shell is.30. MRI may make operating on the patient.A. complete B. reactive C.unnecessary D. flammable E. important F. lightest第4局部 閱讀理解第一篇 Gross National Hap
25、pinessIn the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist佛教culture had not been affected for almost a thousand y
26、ears. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions.King W
27、angchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product(GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bh
28、utan. He wanted to measure his countrys progress by peoples happiness. If the peoples happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness(GNH).GNH is based on certain principles that create ha
29、ppiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government.Now these is
30、 some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their
31、 ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2023, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has con
32、nected to the rest of the world through television and internet.Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutans GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures,
33、and land.Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.31. Who
34、was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?A. A king. B . A president. C. A Buddhist priest. D. A general.32. Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?A. To make its population grow.B. To keep its traditions and customs.C. To keep it separate from the world.D. To encourage its pe
35、ople to get rich.33. A country shows its progress with GNP byA. spending more money.B. spending less money.C. providing more jobs.D. selling more products.34. According to GNH, people are happier if theyA. have new technology.B. can change their religion.C. have a good, stable government.D. have mor
36、e money.35. Today many countries are A. using the principles of GNH to measure their progress.B. working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH.C. taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress.D. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.第二篇 Archive Gallery: The Be
37、st of Bionics(仿生學(xué))Humans might be the most highly-evolved species on the planet, but most animals possess skills we can only dream of having. Imagine how much electricity we could save if we could see in the dark the way cats do. Imagine leaping from tree to tree like a monkey. Giraffes(長頸鹿), which
38、are otherwise calm and good-natured, sleep only 4.6 hours a day.We realized a long, long time ago that nature provides the best blueprint(藍(lán)圖)for invention. Weve borrowed canals from beavers(河貍)and reflectors from cats eyes. Although the words “bionics became popular only after the 1960s, history sho
39、ws that nature has always provided ideas on solving everyday problems. Our archives檔案dont go back to the time of Leonardo da Vinci and his bird-like flying machines, but we can take you to the late 19th century, where we applied those same principles for building our first practical airplanes.To pre
40、pare for their flight at Kitty Hawk, the Wright brothers studied the movements of pigeons to figure out how they stayed high up when they were heavier than air. Their success inspired scores of successors to improve on the airplane by studying various aspects of nature. One of Orville Wrights pupils
41、 caught and stuffed seagulls to examine their wingspan. Meanwhile, two French inventors examined spinning sycamore(梧桐) seeds in an effort to apply those same motions, reversed, to a helicopter.Some examples are more obvious than others. The outside of the airplane designed by the Wright brothers loo
42、ks like a minimalistic (簡單抽象藝術(shù)) structure. On the other hand, Barney Connetts fish submarine (潛水艇) actually looks like a fish.Some bio-inspired concepts have yet to be invented. In the 1960s, the US Army commissioned several university professors to conduct research on the motor skills animals in ho
43、pe of applying those same abilities to tanks. Tanks that run like horses or jump like grasshoppers(螞蚱)-sounds shocking, doesnt it? But imagine how life would change if we could achieve that.36. “cats,monkeys and “giraffes mentioned in paragraph 1 are examples to illustrateA. they are highly-evolved
44、species as humans.B. humans can learn animalsskills.C. they are skillful in different ways.D. animals have skills that humans do not possess.37. Which of the following can be found in the archive gallery?A. History books.B. The Wright brotherssculpture.C. First practical airplanes built in the late
45、19th century.D. Leonardo da vincis bird-like flying machines.38. What happened after the Wright brotherssuccess?A. People carried out a systematic study on pigeons.B. People studied more animals and plants to develop the airplane.C. People cound fly their airplane for fun.D. People kept their airpla
46、ne at a French gallery.39. Which of the following in true about the research carried out by the US Army?A. It has changed our life.B. It has cost a large sum of money.C. It has improved the abilities of tanks.D. It has not succeeded yet.40. What does the writer want to tell in the passage?A. Many in
47、ventions get ideas from nature.B. Some animals possess unique skills.C. People should protect nature.D. Bionics is far from perfect.第三篇 Life Form Found on Saturns TitanScientists say they have discovered hints of alien lifeon the Saturns moon. The discovery of a sort of life was announced after rese
48、archers at the US space agency,NASA,analyzed data from spacecraft Cassini,which pointed tothe existence of methane-based form of life on Saturns biggest moon.Scientists have reportedly discovered clues showing primitive alien beings arebreathing inTitans dense atmosphere filled with hydrogen.They ar
49、gue that hydrogen gets absorbed before hitting Titans planet-like surface covered with methane lakes and rivers. This,they say,points to the existence of somebugs consuming the hydrogen at the surface of the moon less than half the size of the Earth.We suggested hydrogen consumption because its the
50、obvious gas for life to consume on Titan,similar to the way we consume oxygen on Earth,says NASA scientist Chris McKay.If these signs do turn out to be a sign of life,it would be doubly exciting because it would represent a second form of life independent from water-based life on Earth.To date,scien
51、tists have not yet detected this form of life anywhere,though there are liquid-water-based microorganisms on Earth that grow well on methane or produce it as a waste product. On Titan, where temperatures are around 90 Kelvin (minus 290 degrees Farenheit),a methanebased organism would have to use a s
52、ubstance that is liquid as its medium for living processes, but not water itself. Water is frozen solid on Titans surface and much too cold to support life as we know it.Scientists had expected the Suns interactions with chemicals in the atmosphere to produce a coating of acetylene on Titans surface
53、. But Cassini detected no acetylene on the surface.The absence of detectable acetylene on the Titans surface can very well have a non-biological explanation,said Mark Allen,a principal investigator of the NASA Titan team.Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should be the la
54、st choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed,Allen said. We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biological explanations. It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explain these results.41 .What do scientists claim to have found about Saturn?A. Water
55、-based life on it.B. Methane-based life on its biggest moon.C. A new moon moving around it.D. Earthlike life on its biggest moon.42. Which of the following statements about Titan is true?A. It is as large as the Earth.B. There is acetylene on its surface.C. Water on it acts as a life supporting medi
56、um.D. Hydrogen consumption is reported to be on it.43. The expression this formof life in paragraph 5refer to?A. Water-based life.B. oxygen-based life.C. Methane-based life.D. Liquid-based microorganisms.44. It can be inferred from Mark Allens address thatA. Scientists are trying to confirm these is
57、 life on Titan.B. Scientists agree that a chemical process is a convincing explanation.C. Scientists share the opinion that a biological explanation is reasonable.D. Scientists are arguing over whether there is life on Titan.45. Which of the following can replace the title of this passage?A . A diff
58、erent Life Form, a Possibility.B. Earthlike Living Beings Found on Titan.C. Finding of One More Moon of Saturns.D. Titan, a New Satellite Discovered.第5局部 補(bǔ)全短文Voice Your Opinion: Change Is Needed in Youth SportsEverywhere you look, you see kids bouncing a basketball or waving a tennis racquet (網(wǎng)球拍).
59、And these kids are getting younger and younger. In some countries, children can compete on basketball, baseball, and volleyball teams starting at age nine. (46) And swimming and gymnastics classes begin at age four, to prepare children for competition.Its true that a few of these kids will develop i
60、nto highly skilled athletes and may even become members of the national Olympic teams. (47) This emphasis on competition in sports is having serious negative effects.Children who get involved in competitive sports at a young age often grow tired of their sport. Many parents pressure their kids to ch
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