七年級(jí)完形填空解題技巧

七年級(jí)完形填空解題技巧七年級(jí)完形填空解題技巧七年級(jí)完形填空解題技巧V:1.0精細(xì)整理，僅供參考七年級(jí)完形填空解題技巧日期：20xx年X月七年級(jí)完型填空題解題技巧一、完形填空的特點(diǎn)是什么？

完形填空是一種旨在考查考生的閱讀能力、邏輯推理及分析歸納、綜合判斷能力的典型題，難易程度與初中教材相當(dāng)，詞數(shù)在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25個(gè)詞左右設(shè)一空。人名、地名、日期等不在設(shè)空之列。隔詞數(shù)越少，題目越難；反之亦然。文體多以記敘文為主，首句通常不設(shè)空?？疾閮?nèi)容集中在對(duì)名詞、動(dòng)詞、代詞、形容詞和副詞等實(shí)詞的理解上。完形填空考查的就是你能否在缺字，不認(rèn)得字、詞語(yǔ)的情況下，能否通過(guò)推理判斷、綜合分析等全面理解文章的正確意思，然后把答案填入空白處，使短文前后連貫、意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整合理。它的一個(gè)顯著特點(diǎn)就是突出語(yǔ)篇，即重在文意的干擾，把具體的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)融進(jìn)具體的語(yǔ)言情境中去，考查學(xué)生通過(guò)上下文對(duì)整體文意進(jìn)行把握的能力。二、完形填空題的設(shè)置方法1.句子層次的設(shè)空（從詞匯、慣用法,語(yǔ)法規(guī)則的實(shí)際應(yīng)用方面進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)）指那些只需讀懂“空格”所在句子便可選出答案的題目，包括詞義識(shí)別，同義詞辨析，英語(yǔ)慣用法,語(yǔ)法規(guī)則的實(shí)際應(yīng)用。例1：Whenyoutakeyourclothesoff,rememberto86.Getintothehabitof(養(yǎng)成…的習(xí)慣)takingglassesandplatesdowntothekitchen.Beforelongyou’llbedoingitwithoutthinking.(

)86.A.hangthemup B.leavethemalone C.putthemon D.throwthemaway例2：OnlyMother’sLoveistruelove.Shegivesyoueverythingallherlife.Whenyouareababy,motherlooksafteryou16.Inyourwakinghoursshealwaysholdsyouinherarms.Whenyouareill,she17herworkrightawaytolookafteryou.Whenyouaregrowingup,shefeels18.()16.A.careful B.carefully C.good D.badly()17.A.does B.goeson C.stops D.likes()18.A.sad B.silly C.upset D.happy2.句群層次的設(shè)空(從語(yǔ)篇角度綜合測(cè)試考生的閱讀理解能力)指根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容，經(jīng)過(guò)推理判斷可以得到答案的題目。這種題目相對(duì)較難，但只要你能根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行考慮，一定能選出正確的答案。①前制性設(shè)空：即根據(jù)上文有關(guān)內(nèi)容即可確定答案的題目。例1：ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest.Mymotheraskedmetotakepartinit.Whataterribleidea!ItmeantIhadto____infrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!A.write

B.speak

C.sing

D.dance例2：Sometimesyoumaynotunderstandyourparents.Oneminutethey’refriendly,thenextminutethey’reshoutingandscreaming(尖叫)loudlyenoughforthewholestreettohear.Sowhomakesthemso85.You,probably!(

)85.A.friendly B.lonely C.changeable D.comfortable(舒適的)②后制性設(shè)空：指那些需要根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容才能選出正確答案的題目，即在下文某處有提示。例1：Nobody____himinthevillage.Onedayhesaidtothem,“Iknowyoudon’tlikeme…”A.believed

B.liked

C.hated

D.knew例2：Countrymusiccomesfrom____kindsofmusic.OneisthetraditionalmusicoftallmountainpeopleintheeasternUnitedStates.TheotheristraditionalcowboymusicfromtheAmericanWest.A.many

B.all

C.two

D.threeEventhoughyoumaynotrealize(意識(shí)到)it,yourparentshaveboughtyoumanyclothes.Butthey’renotbuyingthemselvesnewthingseveryweek,arethey

Thesimpletruthisthattherearemore87thingstospendmoneyon,liketheelectricity(電)billandfood.(

)87.A.interesting B.difficult C.important D.surprising3.語(yǔ)篇性設(shè)空(從語(yǔ)篇角度綜合測(cè)試考生的閱讀理解能力)指那些需要聯(lián)系全文的情境、內(nèi)容才能確定正確答案的設(shè)空。這種題目難度較高，需要我們?cè)谌胬斫馕恼碌恼_意思下才能做出正確的選擇，這種題目主要用于拉開(kāi)優(yōu)秀生與其他學(xué)生的分?jǐn)?shù)，但題目不會(huì)太多。例：Sometimesyoumaynotunderstandyourparents….Youmightnotwanttoeat,butthinkofitfromtheparents’pointofview.Ifyoucooktwomealsaday,itmeans730mealsayear.Canyouimaginehowboringthiscanget

Imaginehowyourparentsfeelwhenyousayyou’renotreallyhungry.90,yourparentsareprobablyworriedthatyouaren’teatingenough.(

)90.A.Inaddition B.Inreturn C.Atmost D.Atlast三、完形填空解題步驟與要領(lǐng)第一步：細(xì)讀首句，跳過(guò)空格，通讀全文，掌握大意細(xì)讀首句: 明確短文話題，了解篇章結(jié)構(gòu),預(yù)測(cè)全文內(nèi)容。跳過(guò)空格，快速通讀，領(lǐng)會(huì)大意，把握中心。生詞的處理；跳過(guò)、判斷詞性、了解大意、猜測(cè)。第二步：上下聯(lián)系，逐句閱讀，先易后難，初定答案。答案要求語(yǔ)法正確,搭配無(wú)誤,結(jié)構(gòu)完整，意思通順,前后一致,邏輯得當(dāng)。怎樣分析： A.從空格所在的句子單獨(dú)考慮。B.從空格所在的前后2-3句考慮。C.從整個(gè)段落、整篇短文考慮。思路一:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，從語(yǔ)法和句型結(jié)構(gòu)考慮。思路二:理解句子含義，判斷句義關(guān)系，從詞匯的意義、用法和搭配考慮。思路三:把握整體意思，尋找答題線索，從上下文考慮。思路四:結(jié)合前后語(yǔ)境，進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從日常生活常識(shí)考慮。第三步： 復(fù)讀全文，逐個(gè)核對(duì)，驗(yàn)證答案，堅(jiān)定信心。▲怎樣驗(yàn)證答案：①所選答案是否能使全文流暢，邏輯推理是否正確。②具體實(shí)事是否成立，前后關(guān)系是否理順。③語(yǔ)法是否正確，其中包括時(shí)態(tài)的選擇、詞匯選擇、固定搭配等。=4\*GB3④在通讀全文時(shí)最好在可能的條件下將所選答案填入文章中，反復(fù)閱讀。四、具體的解題方法與技巧在解題時(shí)，除了運(yùn)用“前制性設(shè)空”、“后制性設(shè)空”和“語(yǔ)篇性設(shè)空”的知識(shí)進(jìn)行解題外，還有下面三種方法與技巧可供參考。（１）語(yǔ)意第一，語(yǔ)法第二原則。根據(jù)文化背景和生活常識(shí)，利用上下文線索，分析并列句的因果關(guān)系，可以選出正確答案。例1：Ayoungfatherwasvisitinganoldneighbor.Theywerestandingintheoldman'sgardenandtalkingabout______．A.trees B.flowers C.children D.oldpeople【點(diǎn)撥】【Ayoungfatherwasvisitinganoldneighbor.Theywerestandingintheoldman'sgarden,andtalkingabout__________.Theyoungmansaid,"Howstrictshouldparentsbewiththeirchildren?】例2：LittleTomwonderedwhatwouldhappentotheeggs.Twoweekslater,littleTomfoundsomechicks____outoftheshells(蛋殼).A.walked B.ran C.jumpedD.struggled例3：IttookCharlieMuiseveralmonthstosaveupsevendollars.Hewantedto______amodelplaneandwenttotheshopwiththemoneyA.sell B.buy C.hold D.bring（２）語(yǔ)法正確，注意細(xì)節(jié)的原則。在語(yǔ)意正確的前題下，還要根據(jù)學(xué)過(guò)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，詞語(yǔ)辨析、習(xí)慣用法、固定搭配等方面選擇正確答案。如：例1：Onenightthedogbegantobarksuddenly.ItmadeMrErens___①___tosleep.Hehadtogetupandtriedhis__②___tostopit，butthebeastwouldn'tstop，andkepton____③___.①A.gonot B.notgo C.nottogo D.tonotgo②A.well B.good C.better D.best③A.bark B.tobark C.barking D.barked例2：ＭrEvansisanoldmanofaboutsixty,Hiswifediedafewyearsago.Hischildren______himbythen．A.left B.wouldleave C.haveleft D.hadleft?

（３）從語(yǔ)法方面，根據(jù)所給答案的不同詞類(lèi)，從不同角度分別考慮選擇。a.名詞的選擇，應(yīng)聯(lián)系文章主題及空格前后出現(xiàn)的有關(guān)詞，注意其性和數(shù)的一致。b.動(dòng)詞的選擇，要注意詞義和慣用搭配，還要區(qū)分近義詞之間的用法差異及所給詞的形式?？紤]動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和是否是要填入非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。c.介詞的選擇，應(yīng)注意其慣用法，特別是與動(dòng)詞或其他詞組成的固定搭配。d.代詞的選擇，要注意性(男或女)、數(shù)(單復(fù)數(shù))、格(主格、賓格、形代、名代)是否準(zhǔn)確。e.連詞的選擇，要注意分析前后句或上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。f.形容詞和副詞的選擇，要注意詞義的區(qū)別，用于比較時(shí)，還要注意比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)等。例如：Amanandhiswifehadasmallbar(酒吧)nearastation.Theyoftenworkedlateintothenight，____①__peoplecametodrinktherewhiletheywere__②__trains.Attwoo'clockonemorning，onemanwasstillatatableinthesmallbar.Hewasasleep.Thebarman'swifewantedtoleave.Shelooked_③__thebarseveraltimes，andeachtimethemanwas___④__there，Thenatlastshewenttoherhusbandandsaidtohim，"You__⑤__thatmansixtimes，George，___⑥__heisn'tdrinkinganything"

①A.assoonas B.because C.so D.though②A.catchingupwith B.gettingon C.lookingafter D.waitingfor③A.at B.for C.into D.outof④A.always B.often C.still D.already⑤A.havewoken B.wake C.hadwoken D.willwake⑥A.and B.but C.yet D.too五、【實(shí)例講解】【例1】LastyearIboughtsomeflowerpots(花盆).Ididn’t__41__thematonce.Oneday,Iwenttoashop__42___someflowerseeds(種子).ThenIputthemintoapotwithsoil(土壤)andwateredthem.Forafewdays,___43____happened.Iwentonwatching.Onthe____44___day,Ifinallysawtheseedsdevelopandfeltso___45____.Ourlifeissometimeslikean____46____flowerpotwithnothinginside.Ourdaysarefilledwithlotsofdifferentthings.Weusuallydon’tdothem___47___wethinkthey’renotveryimportant.But___48___wefindthatsomeimportantthingsaregone.Thosethingsweloseinlifeareseedsofhope,loveanddreams.Plantingfuninheartsisjustlike__49___flowers.Theseedsoffuninheartswilldevelopastheseedsofflowers.SoifIplant__50__ofhope,Icanexpectsomethingwonderful.(2012年昆明市學(xué)業(yè)水平考試)()41.A.make B.use C.buy()42.A.for B.by C.without()43.A.everything B.something C.nothing()44.A.tenth B.ten C.twelve()45.A.worried B.happy C.tired()46.A.big B.colorful C.empty()47.A.so B.that C.because()48.A.when B.after C.later()49.A.keeping B.growing C.watering()50.A.seeds B.soil C.pots【例2】Differentthingsusuallystandfordifferentfeelings.Red,forexample,isthecoloroffire,heat,bloodandlife.Peoplesayredisanexcitingandactivecolor.Theyassociate（使發(fā)生聯(lián)系）redwithastrongfeelinglike1.Redisusedforsignsof2,suchasSTOPsignsandfireengines.Orangeisthebright,warmcolorof3inautumn.Peoplesayorangeisa4color.Theyassociateorangewithhappiness.Yellowisthecolorof__5__.Peoplesayitisacheerfulcolor.Theyassociateyellowtoo,withhappiness.Greenisthecoolcolorofgrassin__6__.Peoplesayitisarefreshingcolor.Ingeneral,people__7__twogroupsofcolors:warmcolorsandcoolcolors.Thewarmcolorsarered,orangeand__8__.Wheretherearewarmcolorandalotoflight,peopleusuallywanttobe__9__.Thosewholiketobewith__10_likered.Thecoolcolorsare__11_andblue.Wherearethesecolors,peopleareusuallyworried.Somescientistssaythattimeseemsto__12_moreslowlyinaroomwithwarmcolors.Theysuggestthatawarmcolorisagood__13_foralivingroomora__14_.Peoplewhoarehavingarestorareeatingdonotwanttimetopassquickly.__15colorsarebetterforsomeofficesifthepeopleworkingtherewanttimetopassquickly.()1.A.sadness B.anger C.administration D.smile()2.A.roads B.ways C.danger D.places()3.A.land B.leaves C.grass D.mountains()4.A.lively B.dark C.noisy D.frightening()5.A.moonlight B.light C.sunlight D.stars()6.A.summer B.spring C.autumn D.winter()7.A.speak B.say C.talkabout D.tell()8.A.green B.yellow C.white D.gray()9.A.calm B.sleepy C.active D.helpful()10.A.theother B.another C.otherone D.others()11.A.black B.green C.golden D.yellow()12.A.goround B.goby C.gooff D.goalong()13.A.one B.way C.fact D.matter()14.A.factory B.classroom C.restaurant D.hospital()15.A.Different B.Cool C.Warm D.All

完形填空專(zhuān)題練習(xí)練習(xí)題（1）WhenIwasfifteenIwenttoasummercamp.Therewerelotsofgreat90buttherewasonethingIwasreallyscared(害怕)about:climbingthewall.Thewallisakindofrockthatpeopleusetolearnhowtoclimb.Itisverytall.Wewereallsupposedtoclimbthewall,butIknewIcouldn’tgettothetopbecauseIam91heights.IwasashamedandIdidn’twantanyonetoknowthatIwasscared.Ithoughttheywouldalllaughatme.Ipracticedmyexcuse:“I’mnotscared,youknow,Isufferfromvertigo(患眩暈癥).”Thedaycame.Itwastimetoclimbthewall.Thesunwasshiningbuteveryonewasveryquietthatmorning.Itookphotographsatthebottomofthewallandtriedto92.Everyoneinthegroupwentup.Thenthemomentcame.Itwasmyturn.IwassoscaredthatallIcouldthinkaboutwasmyexcuse.Someonesaid,“ShallItakeyourcamera”

andIanswered,“I’mnotscared,youknow.Isufferfromvertigo”.The93wasthatIwasmorethanscared,Iwasterrified(嚇壞了).Thecampleadersaid,“Don’tworry,youdon’thavetodoanythingyoudon’twanttodo.”Iwassurprised.Everyonewasunderstanding.Noone94.Thenextday,theleaderaskedmeifIwantedtotrythewallonmyown,95theotherswatching.AlthoughIwasstillverynervousIagreedandclimbedslowlytothetopwithhishelp.IwasstillshakingwhenIcame96,butIwasreallyhappyandrelievedtoo.Forme,climbingthewallwasarealachievement.(2008上海中考試卷完形填空)()90.A.activities B.operations C.accidents D.exams()91.A.poorat B.goodat C.afraidof D.fondof()92.A.go B.hide C.appear D.run()93.A.truth B.situation C.story D.reason()94.A.jumped B.cheered C.smiled D.laughed()95.A.with B.without C.among D.behind()96.A.in B.out C.up D.down練習(xí)題（2）Everydaycarskillorhurtmanypeopleonroads.Sometimesthedriversdrivetoofastordonot,drivecarefullyenough.Someofthem85thetrafficrulesandcauseaccidents.Accordingtosomeresearches,itisusuallythepedestrians(行人)whocausetheaccidents.Alotofroadusersareverycareless.Theywalkorrunacrosstheroads86thecars.Theywalkintheroadsbutnotonthewalkways.Theygetintooroutofcarsinthemiddleoftheroad. Somedonottakethetroubleto87thegreenlightsandsimplycrosstheroadsagainsttheredlights.Manypeoplethinkaccidentsoftenhappeninbusyroadsinlargecities,butthisisnotalwaystrue.88,Tokyoisoneoftheworld’slargestcitiesandprobablyoneofthebusiestcities; however,thereare89accidentstopedestrians.Thereasonisthatthepolicethereareverystrictandthepedestriansareverycareful.Pedestriansnevercrossagainstaredlightandthey 90followtrafficrules.Doyouknowalcohol（酒精）isanothermaincauseoftrafficaccidents

Itdelayspeople’sresponse.Thosewhohavedrunkalcoholare91inmakingdecisions.Theyneedafewmore

secondstoreact（反應(yīng)）.Alcoholdrinkingisespeciallydangerousformotorcardrivers.Itisnotonlydriverswhomayhaveaccidentsafterdrinking.Drunkenpedestriansmayputtheirlivesindangeraswell.(2010上海中考試卷完形填空)()85.A.make B.break C.follow D.remember()86.A.attheendof

B.inthecentreof C.ontopof D.infrontof()87.A.turnon B.worryabout C.waitfor D.pointout()88.A.Inaddition B.Forexample C.Bytheway D.Ontheotherhand()89.A.few B.many C.enough D.some()90.A.even B.never C.almost D.always()91.A.slow B.active C.interested D.excited練習(xí)題（3）Cartoonfilmshaveveryfewlimits(限制).Ifyoucandrawsomething,youcanmakeit1onthecinemascreen.Theuseofnewideasandmoderncomputerprogramsmeansthatcartoonsarebecomingexcitingagainforpeopleof2ages.By1970,thecinemaworldhaddecidedthatcartoonswere3forchildren.Butsoonafterthat,oneortwofilmmakershadsomenewideas.Theyprovedthatitwas4tomakefilmsinwhichbothgrown-upsandchildrencouldenjoythem.However,5cartoonfilmwassuccessful.TheBlackCauldron,forexample,failed,mainlybecauseitwastoo6forchildrenandtoochildishforgrown-ups.Filmmakerslearntfromthismistake,andthencartoonswerewelcomedbybothchildrenandgrown-upsand7thefilmcompaniesbegantomakelargeamountsofmoney.()1.A.arrive B.stay C.stand D.move()2.A.some B.either C.all D.both()3.A.never B.only C.still D.already()4.A.possible B.difficult C.complete D.interesting()5.A.notevery B.noneofthe C.each D.neitherofthe()6.A.interesting B.popular C.relaxing D.frightening()7.A.once B.however C.again D.also練習(xí)題（4）ThenameofDanielWilliamshasbeenknowntotheblackpeopleintheUnitedStatesformanyyears.Hebecamea1inChicagoin1883.Aftergraduating,hetaughtatNorthwesternUniversity’smedicalschool.HewasaskedbythepresidentoftheUnitedStates,GroverCleveland,togotoWashington,D.C.,toheadtheFreedmen’sHospital.Itwasoneofthefewhospitalsforblacksinthecountry2.HewentbacktoChicagotohelptosetupProvidentHospital.3itopened,Chicago’sblackdoctorscouldnotpracticeinhospitals.Theyhadtotreatpatients4,sooperationswereperformedonbedsandkitchentables.Dr.WilliamsalsohelpedtosetupatrainingschoolinChicagoforblacknurses.In1893heoperatedonamanwhowasdyingfromastabwoundintheheart.Suchawoundhadalways5death.ButDr.Williamstriedtosavetheman.6X-rayorbloodtransfusions(輸血),heopenedtheman’schestandsewedup(修補(bǔ))hisheart.Everythingwentonwellwiththebold(大膽的)operation.Theman7.()1.A.headmaster B.manager C.doctor D.nurse()2.A.atthattime B.inthepast C.amomentago D.justthen()3.A.After B.Before C.When D.Assoonas()4.A.intheoffice B.intheschool C.intheuniversity D.athome()5.A.shown B.explained C.meant D.described()6.A.Accordingto B.Insteadof C.Becauseof D.Without()7.A.died B.lived C.becamestrong D.gotbadlyhurt練習(xí)題（5）EveryyearstudentsinmanycountrieslearnEnglish.Someofthesestudentsarechildren,__1__studentsareyoungpeople.Whydoallthesepeoplewanttolearn__2__Itisnot__3__toanswerthisquestion.ManyboysandgirlslearnEnglishatschool.Itisoneoftheir__4__.ManypeoplelearnEnglishbecauseitis__5__intheirwork.SomeyoungpeoplelearnEnglish__6__theirhigherstudiesbecausesomeoftheirbooksare__7__English.OtherpeoplelearnEnglishbecausetheywantto__8__newspapersinEnglish.SomepeoplelearnEnglishbecausetheywantto__9__intheUSA,EnglandorAustralia.Englishisvery__10__inourlife(生活).()1.A.all B.theother C.both D.other()2.A.English B.Chinese C.maths D.Japanese()3.A.hard B.easy C.good D.nice()4.A.books B.classes C.schools D.subjects(科目)()5.A.good B.useful(有用的) C.fine D.pleased()6.A.for B.of C.to D.from()7.A.in B.with C.at D.of()8.A.look B.see C.lookat D.read()9.A.go B.work C.like D.come()10.A.help B.helping C.helps D.helpful練習(xí)題（6）Once,akingshowedtwomenalargebasketinthegarden.Hetoldthemtofillitwithwaterfromawell.Afterthey__1__theirwork,heleftthem,saying,“Whenthesunisdown,Iwillcomeandseeyourwork.”Atlastoneofthemsaid,“What’stheuseofdoingthisfoolishworkWecan__2__fillthebasket.”__3__mananswered,“Thatisnoneofyourbusiness.”Thefirstmansaid.“Youmaydoasyoulike,butIamnotgoingtoworkat__4__sofoolish.”He__5__hisbucketandwentaway.Theothermansaidnoword,andkeptoncarrying__6__.Atlastthewellwasalmost__7__.Ashepouredthelastbucketofwaterintothebasket,hesawabrightthinginit.Hepickeditup.Itwasabeautifulgoldring.Justthenthekingcame.__8__hesawthering,heknewthathehadfoundthekindofmanhewanted.Hetoldhimtokeeptheringforhimself.“You__9__sowellinthislittlething,”hesaid,“__10__nowIknowIcanbelieveyouwithmanythings.”()1.A.finished B.did C.began D.had()2.A.ever B.never C.easily D.no()3.A.Theother B.Another C.One D.Asecond()4.A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything()5.A.pickedup B.putaway C.tookaway D.threwaway()6.A.water B.basket C.well D.work()7.A.full B.empty C.filled D.clean()8.A.While B.Assoonas C.Before D.Since()9.A.havedone B.willdo C.do D.aredoing()10.A.what B.why C.when D.that練習(xí)題（7）Someonesays,“Timeismoney.”ButIthinktimeis__1__importantthanmoney.Why

Becausewhenmoneyisspent,wecangetitback.However,whentimeis2it’llnever3.That’s4wemustn’twastetime.Itgoeswithoutsayingthatthe5isusuallylimited.Evenasecondisveryimportant.Weshouldmakefulluseofourtimetodo6__useful.Butitisapitythattherearealotofpeoplewhodonotknowtheimportanceoftime.Theyspenttheirlimitedtimesmoking,drinkingand__7.Theydonotknowthatwastingtimemeanswastingpartoftheirown__8.Inaword,weshouldsavetime.Weshouldn’t9today’sworkfortomorrow.Rememberwehavenotimeto10.()1.A.much B.less C.muchless D.evenmor