考研考博-英語-新余學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-新余學院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓練(共50題)1.單選題

Ihavehadjustaboutenoughofbeingtreatedlikeasecond-classcitizen,simplybecauseIhappentobethatunfairlytreatedmemberofsociety—acustomer.ThemoreIgointoshopsandhotels,banksandpostoffices,railwaystations,airportsandthelike,themoreIamconvincedthethingsarebeingrunsolelytosuitthefirm,thesystem,ortheunion.Thereseemstobeadeceptivenewmottoforso-called“service”organizations---StaffBeforeService.

Howoften,forexample,haveyouqueuedforwhatseemslikehoursatthePostOfficeorthesupermarketbecausetherewerenotenoughstaffondutytomanalltheservicegrillesorcheckoutcounters?Surelyinthesedaysofhighunemploymentitmustbepossibletohirecashiersandcounterstaff.Yetsupermarketshintingdarklyathigherprices,claimthatuncoveringalltheircashregistersatanyonetimewouldincreaseoperatingcosts.AndthePostOfficesayswecannotexpectalltheirservicegrillestobeoccupied"attimeswhendemandislow”.

Itisthesamewithhotels,becausewaitersandkitchenstaffmustfinishwhenitsuitsthem,diningroomscloseearlierormenuchoiceiscutshort.Asforusguests,wejusthavetoputupwithit.Thereisalsothenonsenseofsomanyfriendlyhotelnightportershavingbeenthrownoutoftheirjobsintheinterestsof"efficiency”andreplacedbycoin-eatingmachineswhichoffereverythingfromlagertolaxatives.Nottomentionthetea-makingkitinyourroom:akettlewithamixedcollectionofteabags,plasticmilkboxesandlumpsugar.Whowantstowakeuptoarawteabag?Idonot,especiallywhenIampayingfor“service”.

Canitbestopped,thisworseningofservice,thisgrowingattitudethatthecustomerisalwaysabore?Iangrilyhopesobecauseitishappening,sadly,inallwalksoflife.

Ouronlyhopeistohammerhomeourangerwheneverandwhereverwecanand,ifallelsefails,bringbackintopracticethatother,olderslogan-TakeOurDealElsewhere.

1.Thewriterfeelsthatnowadaysacustomer（

）.

2.Thewriterarguesthatthequalityofserviceischangingbecause（

）.

3.Accordingtothewriter,longqueuesatcountersarecausedby（

）.

4.Serviceorganizationscontendthatkeepingallcheckoutcountersoperatedcanresultin（

）.

5.Thewritersuggeststhatacustomer（

）.

問題1選項

A.deservestheloweststatusinsociety

B.isunworthyofproperconsideration

C.receivesunexpectedqualityservice

D.isthevictimofsomepublicservices

問題2選項

A.customers'demandshavegreatlychanged

B.servicesprovidedneverbecomeconsistent

C.thestaffreceivemoreconsiderationthancustomers

D.staffmembersarelessconsideratethantheiremployers

問題3選項

A.difficultiesinhiringemployees

B.deliberateunderstaffing

C.lackofcooperationbetweenstaffmembers

D.employeesirresponsibility

問題4選項

A.demandsbycashiersforapayraise

B.insignificantbenefitsforthecustomers.

C.ariseinthecostforprovidingservice.

D.needstopurchaseexpensiveequipment

問題5選項

A.putupwiththerudemannersofthestaff

B.bepatientwhenqueuingbeforecheckoutcounters

C.trytocontrolhistemperwhenill-treated

D.gotootherplaceswheregoodserviceisavailable

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。題目所問的是“作者認為現在的消費者如何？”文章第一段第一句話提到“我受夠了被作為二等公民對待，僅僅因為我是一個被不公正對待的社會成員—一個消費者”(Ihavehadjustaboutenoughofbeingtreatedlikeasecond-classcitizen,simplybecauseIhappentobethatunfairlytreatedmemberofsociety—acustomer)，接下來談及到在飯店、郵局、火車站、機場等地的一些經歷，由這些可知選項D“是一些公共服務的受害者”符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題目所問的是“作者認為服務質量正在變化的原因是什么？”文章第二段第一句話提到“你有沒有因為郵局或者超市沒有足夠的員工來安排他們的工作窗口或者收銀臺而排幾個小時的隊？”(Howoften,forexample,haveyouqueuedforwhatseemslikehoursatthePostOfficeorthesupermarketbecausetherewerenotenoughstaffondutytomanalltheservicegrillesorcheckoutcounters?)，選項C“對員工的考慮多余對顧客的考慮”符合題意。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題目所問的是“在作者看來，柜臺前排長隊的原因是什么？”文章提到之所以有時候需要排幾個小時的對是因為員工配備少；而文章第二段第二句話提到“在現在這種高失業(yè)率的情況下，雇傭收銀員或者柜臺員工是很容易的”（Surelyinthesedaysofhighunemploymentitmustbepossibletohirecashiersandcounterstaff），因此可以推斷并不是雇傭不到員工，而是這些商場或者機構不愿意去花錢雇傭更多的員工。選項B“故意的員工不足”符合題意。

4.細節(jié)事實題。題目所問的是“服務機構認為讓所有收銀機全部工作起來會導致什么后果？”文章第二段倒數第二句話提到“把收銀機全部運行會增加成本”(Yetsupermarketshintingdarklyathigherprices,claimthatuncoveringalltheircashregistersatanyonetimewouldincreaseoperatingcosts)，選項C“增加服務成本”符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。題目所問的是“作者建議消費者應該怎樣做？”文章最后一段提到“我們唯一的希望就是無論何時無論何地都要表達出我們的不滿，如果這些努力全失敗了，再去嘗試將古老的口號付諸實踐—去別處進行買賣”（Ouronlyhopeistohammerhomeourangerwheneverandwhereverwecanand,ifallelsefails,bringbackintopracticethatother,olderslogan-TakeOurDealElsewhere），選項D“去有更好服務的地方”符合題意。

2.單選題

Wehopethestudentswould（

）theinformationcontainedinthelecture.

問題1選項

A.associate

B.understand

C.assimilate

D.assess

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。associate意為“聯系”；understand意為“理解”；assimilate意為“吸收，消化”；assess意為“評定”。

句意：我們希望學生們能掌握講座中保護的信息。

3.單選題

Oneoftheaimsofteachingscienceis,throughlearning,toenablestudentstodevelopacompletepersonalitybycreativity,honesty,eagernesstoacquireknowledge,freedomofspeechandthought,andcriticalassessment.Thisisanambitiousaimwhichweunfortunately,rarelyconsider.Duringteachingwedevoteourattentionmoretothecontentthantotheaims.Wethusseethatscienceisoneoftheschoolsubjectsleastfavoredbystudents.

Theemotionalelementsofmusic,dancing,painting,poetryanddramahaveastrongimpactonstudents.Forsciencetoevokethesamefeelings,itshouldbetaughtwiththehelpoftheexpressivearts.Unliketraditionaldidacticapproaches,dramaalsooffersasynthesisofvisual,kineticandauditoryexperiences,apartfromtheunderstandingoffactsandfiguresasaresultofrationalandanalyticalperception.Dramaandotherartisticactivitiescanassistinreachingthecognitivegoalsofthecurriculum,astheyareeffectivemeansofmotivation.Isn’tthereabetterchancethatstudentswhohavedevelopedaloveforsciencewilllearnitmoreeasily?Sciencetoocanbeaesthetic,creativeandemotional.

Byusingdramatechniques,wefacilitatecollaborationbetweentheleftandrighthemispheresofthebrain,whereastraditionaltechniquesofteachingsciencestressonlytheuseofabilitiesfoundintheleftofhemispheres—thatis,theanalyticalperceptionofscientificnotionsandphenomena.Weallowstudentstoengageinthelearningprocessasfullpersonalitieswithalltheirknowledgeandabilities.Thuswedevelopnotonlylogicalandmathematicalintelligence,butalsoawiderspectrumofthestudents’abilities.Ourtraditionalexperienceislargelybasedonalinearperceptionofthesubject.Asstudents,wehavenotbeenusedtodevelopingwaysofcreativeandintuitivethinking,especiallyinsciencesubjects.Thisiswhycombiningexpressiveartswithscienceisacceptedwithdifficultybymany.

Whenusingdramainteachingscience,wemeetparadoxeswhichcan,ontheonehand,maketheuseofdramaunsuccessful,andontheotherhand,enableknowledgeofsciencetobeintegratedintosocietyandsocialphenomenathatislifeingeneral.Scienceistaughtonthebasisofscientificdiscoveries——lawsandexplanationsofphenomenawhichareclearlydefinedandallownoindividualorsociologicalinterpretations.Stealingawallet,forexample,willbeinterpretedassomethingnegativebytheownerandsomethingpositivebythepickpocket.Dramabroadensourimagination,scienceissaidtonarrowit.Whenobservingtraditionaldidacticformsofteachingscience,weseethatstudentsarerequiredtounderstandveryabstractnotions.Thenotionoftheatomorthemoleculeisdemonstratedbyconcretemeansincludingsymbols,varioustypesofatomandmoleculemodels,sketches,experiments,photographsandanimatedfilms.Thesehelpstudentstodeveloptheirimaginationandconceptionswhich,can,individually,beverydifferentdespitethefactthattheywerealltaughtwiththesametechniquesandmaterials.

Thesedifferencesarisefromthedifferencesinstudents，personalities.Wemusttakeintoaccountthatstudentshavedifferentsensoryabilities.Theyreceiveinformationthroughvisual,auditoryandkineticchannelsofperceptionwithdifferentintensity.Theyalsohavedifferentintellectualabilities.Thusitiseasyforsomestudentstologicallycombinescientificphenomenaorvisualizewhatthelatterlookslike.

1.Thefactthatstudentsdislikescienceclassisbecausescienceclasses（

）.

2.Inordertomotivatestudentsinscienceclass,shouldbeemployed

（

）.

3.Asuitabletitleofthepassagecanbe

（

）.

4.Theresearcher’saimisto

（

）.

5.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisCORRECT?

問題1選項

A.developstudents’personalitybycreativity

B.don’thavefreedomofspeech

C.concentratemoreonknowledgethanthedevelopmentofpersonality

D.concentratemoreonfactsthancriticalassessment

問題2選項

A.visualexperience

B.Kinetic

C.analyticalperception

D.expressivearts

問題3選項

A.TeachScienceThroughDrama

B.DevelopStudents’Imagination

C.ExpressiveArtsintheScienceClassroom

D.CreativeWaysofTeachingScience

問題4選項

A.facilitatestudents'learningbystimulatinganemotionalresponse

B.usedramatoteachscience

C.developstudents’knowledgeandabilitiesthroughreview

D.makeiteasierforstudentstounderstandsomeabstractconcepts

問題5選項

A.Traditionalteachingmethodsexpectstudentstoloveabstractconcepts.

B.Thenewapproachtoteachingdoesn'tteachabstractconcepts.

C.Thenewapproachaddressesmanydifferentlearningstyles.

D.Didacticmethodsteachknowledge,notability.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據文章第一段的最后兩句話Duringteachingwedevoteourattentionmoretothecontentthantotheaims.Wethusseethatscienceisoneoftheschoolsubjectsleastfavoredbystudents(在進行科學知識教學吋，我們把重點放在了科學知識的內容上而不是教學目的上。因此我們可以看到科學知識課程成了最不受學生喜歡的課程之一)，可知學生不喜歡科學知識課程的原因是課程把重點放在了科學知識內容上而不是教學目的上，即選項C”更多地關注知識本身而不是個性的發(fā)展”。

2.細節(jié)事實題。根掘文章第二段中的Theemotionalelementsofmusic,dancing,painting,poetryanddramahaveastrongimpactonstudents.Forsciencetoevokethesamefeelings,itshouldbetaughtwiththehelpoftheexpressivearts(音樂、舞蹈、繪畫、詩歌和戲劇中的情感因素對學生產生了很大的影響。如科學知識課程想要產生相同的影響，則需要借助于藝術表達)以及其中的關鍵詞withthehelpoftheexpressivearts可知答案選項為D項。

3.主旨大意題。分析文章大意可知，文章首先提出了科學知識教學中學生覺得無聊的問題，后介紹了一種新的科學知識授課方法：戲劇法，其目的是培養(yǎng)學生學習科學知識的興趣，戲劇教學手段是一種突破傳統(tǒng)的創(chuàng)新嘗試。選項A“通過戲劇教授科學知識”，文章中說的是在科學知識的教學中引用戲劇法而非直接通過戲劇教授科學知識，選項A屬于偷換概念；選項B“培養(yǎng)學生的想象力”是教授科學知識的目的之一，不能作為文章的標題；選項C“科學知識課程中的表達藝術”也只是文章的具體內容不具有概括性；選項D“新的科學知識教學方法”是對文章內容的概括，故答案選項為D。

4.判斷推理題。根據文章第二段中的起承上啟下作用的句子Isn’tthereabetterchancethatstudentswhohavedevelopedaloveforsciencewilllearnitmoreeasily?Sciencetoocanbeaesthetic,creativeandemotional.“難道沒有什么辦法能讓已經對科學知識產生興趣的學生更加容易地去理解掌握科學知識嗎？科學知識也是可以具有美學特點、具有創(chuàng)造性且具有情感因素的”可知研究的目的是為了讓學生更加容易地去理解一些抽象的概念，故答案選項為D。

5.判斷推理題。選項A“傳統(tǒng)的教學方法期望學生能夠喜歡抽象的概念”沒有在文章中提及；選項B“新的教學方法不教授抽象的概念”，根據文章對戲劇法的介紹可知新的教學方法是為了讓學生更加容易地理解抽象的概念，故選項B錯誤；選項D“戲劇技巧教授的是知識而不是能力”，注重教授知識而非能力是傳統(tǒng)科學知識教授方法的特點，故選項D錯誤；因此選C“新的教學方法引出了許多不同的學習模式”。

4.翻譯題

在全球經濟放緩的情況下，為何大宗商品價格卻在飆升呢？流行的解釋似乎是“投機”。但是，由于投機是無時不在的，這無法解釋為什么現在價格猛漲。另一個流行的解釋是美國大幅放寬貨幣政策。但這很難解釋這樣一個事實：按照歐元計算，油價也在快速上漲。同時，投機也無法解釋那些沒有活躍期貨市場的大宗商品價格的上漲。

(參考詞匯：commodityprices;soar;speculation;ease;monetarypolicy;euro;futuresmarket)

【答案】

Whyarecommoditypricessoaringwhenworldeconomyisslowing?Thepopularexplanationseemstobe“speculation”.But,sincespeculationisalwayswithus,thiscannotexplainwhypricesaresoaringnow?AnotherpopularexplanationistheaggressiveeasingofUSmonetarypolicy.But,thishardlyexplainsthefactthatthepriceofoilisrisingrapidlyevenineuros.Nordoesspeculationexplaintheriseinthepricesofthesecommoditiesthatdonothaveactivefuturesmarkets.

5.單選題

Theexamination（

）veryeasyifallstudentspassed.

問題1選項

A.musthavebeen

B.hasbeen

C.was

D.oughttobe

【答案】A

【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。A選項“肯定”；B選項“過去完成時”；C選項“過去”；D選項“應該”。句意：試卷（）很容易如果所有學生都通過了。musthavedone表示對過去的肯定的推測，答案選A。后面的從句是過去時態(tài)，所以不能選D，D是一般現在時。

6.單選題

Archaeologyasaprofessionfacestwomajorproblems.First,itisthepoorestofthepoor.Onlypaltrysumsareavailableforexcavatingandevenlessisavailableforpublishingtheresultsandpreservingthesitesonceexcavated.Yetarchaeologistsdealwithpricelessobjectseveryday.Second,thereistheproblemofillegalexcavation,resultinginmuseum-qualitypiecesbeingsoldtothehighestbidder.

Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.Iwouldproposethatscientificarcheologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.Atthesametime,theywouldbreaktheillegalexcavatorsgriponthemarket,therebydecreasingtheinducementtoengageinillegalactivities.Youmightobjectthatprofessionalsexcavatetoacquireknowledge,notmoney.Moreover,ancientartifactsarepartofourglobalculturalheritage,whichshouldbeavailableforalltoappreciate,notsoldtothehighestbidder.Iagree.Sellnothingthathasuniqueartisticmeritorscientificvalue.But,youmightreplyeverythingthatcomesoutofthegroundhasscientificvalue.Herewepartcompany.Theoretically,youmaybecorrectinclaimingthateveryartifacthaspotentialscientificvalue.Practically,youarewrong.

Irefertothethousandsofpotteryvesselsandancientlampsthatareessentiallyduplicatesofoneanother.InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard.Evenpreciousroyalsealimpressionsknownasmelekhhandleshavebeenfoundinabundance—morethan4,000examplessofar.

Thebasementofmuseumsaresimplynotlargeenoughtostoretheartifactsthatarelikelytobediscoveredinthefuture.Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.

Indeed,withthehelpofacomputer,soldartifactscouldbemoreaccessiblethanarethepiecesstoredinbulgingmuseumbasements.Priortosale,eachcouldbephotographedandthelistofthepurchaserscouldbemaintainedonthecomputer.Apurchasercouldevenberequiredtoagreetoreturnthepieceifitshouldbecomeneededforscientificpurposes.

Itwouldbeunrealistictosuggestthatillegaldicingwouldstopifartifactsweresoldontheopenmarket.Butthedemandfortheclandestineproductwouldbesubstantiallyreduced.Whowouldwantanunmarkedpotwhenanotherwasavailablewhoseprovenancewasknown,andthatwasdatedstratigraphicallybytheprofessionalarchaeologistwhoexcavatedit?

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageistopropose（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassageasadisadvantageofstoringartifactsinmuseumbasements?

3.Theauthor’sargumentconcerningtheeffectoftheofficialsaleofduplicateartifactsonillegalexcavationisbasedonwhichofthefollowingassumptions?

4.Theauthoranticipateswhichofthefollowinginitialobjectionstotheadoptionofhisproposal?

5.Theauthorimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwouldoccurifduplicateartifactsweresoldontheopenmarket?

I.Illegalexcavationwouldeventuallyceasecompletely.

II.Cypruswouldbecometheprimarysourceofmarketableduplicateartifacts.

III.Archaeologistswouldbeabletopublishtheresultsoftheirexcavationsmorefrequentlythantheycurrentlydo.

問題1選項

A.analternativetomuseumdisplayofartifacts

B.awaytocurbillegaldicingwhilebenefitingthearchaeologicalprofession

C.awaytodistinguishartifactswithscientificvaluefromthosethathavenosuchvalue

D.thegovernmentalregulationofarchaeologicalsites

問題2選項

A.Museumofficialsrarelyallowscholarsaccesstosuchartifacts.

B.Spacethatcouldbebetterusedfordisplayistakenupforstorage.

C.Artifactsdiscoveredinoneexcavationoftenbecomeseparatedfromeachother.

D.Suchartifacts’oftenremainuncataloguedandthuscannotbelocatedoncetheyareputinstorage.

問題3選項

A.Prospectivepurchaserswouldprefertobuyauthenticatedartifacts.

B.Thepriceofillegallyexcavatedartifactswouldrise.

C.Computerscouldbeusedtotracesoldartifacts.

D.Moneygainedfromsellingauthenticatedartifactscouldbeusedtoinvestigateandprosecuteillegalexcavators.

問題4選項

A.Museumofficialswillbecomeunwillingtostoreartifacts.

B.Anoversupplyofsalableartifactswillresultandthedemandforthemwillfall.

C.Artifactsthatwouldhavebeendisplayedinpublicplaceswillbesoldtoprivatecollectors.

D.Illegalexcavatorswillhaveanevenlargersupplyofartifactsforresale.

問題5選項

A.Ionly

B.IIIonly

C.IandIIIonly

D.IIandIIIonly

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由題干定位到文章第二段“Iwouldliketomakeanoutrageoussuggestionthatwouldatonestrokeprovidefundsforarchaeologyandreducetheamountofillegaldigging.（我想提出一個令人發(fā)指的建議，政府應為考古學提供資金，并減少非法挖掘的數量。）”。A選項“博物館文物陳列的替代品”；B選項“在有益于考古行業(yè)的同時遏制非法挖掘的方法”；C選項“區(qū)分有科學價值和沒有科學價值的文物的方法”；D選項“政府對考古遺址的管制”。聯系全文可知B選項更符合題意。

2.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文章第四段“Thereisnotenoughmoneyeventocataloguethefinds;asaresult,theycannotbefoundagainandbecomeasinaccessibleasiftheyhadneverbeendiscovered.（甚至沒有足夠的錢來整理這些發(fā)現；結果，它們再也找不到了，變得像從未被發(fā)現過一樣難以接近。）”。A選項“博物館官員很少允許學者接觸這些文物”；

B選項“占用了可以更好地用于展示的空間用于存儲”；C選項“在發(fā)掘中發(fā)現的文物往往彼此分離”；D選項“這類工件通常保持未編目狀態(tài)，因此一旦放入存儲中就無法定位”。因此D選項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文章第二段“Iwouldproposethatscientificarcheologicalexpeditionsandgovernmentalauthoritiessellexcavatedartifactsontheopenmarket.Suchsaleswouldprovidesubstantialfundsfortheexcavationandpreservationofarchaeologicalsitesandthepublicationofresults.（我建議，科學的考古考察和政府當局在公開市場上出售發(fā)掘出來的文物。這種銷售將為挖掘和保存考古遺址以及公布結果提供大量資金。）”。A選項“潛在購買者更愿意購買經過認證的文物”；B選項“非法挖掘文物的價格會上漲”；C選項“計算機可以用來追蹤出售的文物”；D選項“出售經過鑒定的文物所得的錢可以用來調查和起訴非法挖掘者”。因此D選項正確。

4.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文章最后一段“Butthedemandfortheclandestineproductwouldbesubstantiallyreduced.（但對這種秘密產品的需求將大大減少。）”由此可知復制的工件會供過于求，于是這些工件會大量涌現，最終會導致對這些暢銷品的需求下降。因此B選項正確。

5.判斷推理題。由題干可定位到文章第三段“InonesmallexcavationinCyprus,archaeologistsrecentlyuncovered2,000virtuallyindistinguishablesmalljugsinasinglecourtyard…（在塞浦路斯的一次小型發(fā)掘中，考古學家最近在一個院子里發(fā)現了2000個幾乎無法辨認的小陶罐。）”，由此可推斷出塞浦路斯可能會成為復制品的主要市場來源。A選項“非法挖掘最終將完全停止”說法太過絕對化，文章并未提到完全終止。B選項“考古學家將能夠比現在更頻繁地公布他們的發(fā)掘成果”，如果復制工件合法化，考古學家會更愿意公開他們的挖掘成果。因此D選項正確。

7.單選題

Speakersandlistenersareoftenatodds:languagethatiseasyforthereceivertounderstandisoftendifficulttoproduce,andthatwhichiseasilyformulatedcanbehardto（）.

問題1選項

A.comprehend

B.ignore

C.confirm

D.defend

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞辨析。comprehend理解，包含；ignore忽視，不理睬confirm確認，確定；defend辯護。由前半句可知說話者與接受者之間存在矛盾，故后面可推知這兩者之間還存在另一種矛盾，即容易表達的話卻難以理解。故A項正確。句意：說話者和傾聽者常常意見不一致:容易讓接受者理解的語言往往很難產生，而容易表達的語言卻很難理解。

8.填空題

Johnhasdecidedtogive（

）smoking

【答案】up

【解析】固定搭配。Giveup放棄,戒掉。

9.單選題

Pumas,whicharelarge,cat-likeanimals,willnotattackhumanbeingsifthey______undisturbed.

問題1選項

A.leave

B.left

C.areleft

D.haveleft

【答案】C

【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。句意：美洲獅是一種體形似貓的大動物，如果不受打擾，它是不會攻擊人類的。不受打擾是被動語態(tài)，用be動詞+過去分詞。其它三項不能用于被動語態(tài)的形式。因此C選項正確。

10.單選題

Ahistoricchangeistakingplaceinhighereducation.Professorsarebeingheldresponsibleasneverbeforeforhowwelltheyservestudents.Ithasbecomeascommonincollegesanduniversitiesforstudentstogradeprofessorsasforprofessorstogradestudents.Infactstudentratings(評價)havebecomethemostwidelyusedandinmanycasestheonlyimportantinformationonteachingeffectiveness.Incomparingthreestudiesofthesame600middleandhighschoolsinmorethanthirtystatesitwasfoundthatthenumberofschoolsusingstudentratingstoevaluate(評估)teachershadclimbedfrom29percentto68percentto86percent.Noothermethodofevaluationgotthatdegreeofusageandotherstudieshavefoundsimilarresults.

Onereasonthatstudentevaluationsofteachershavebecomesopopularisthattheyareeasytocarryoutandtoscore.Buttheyarealsoeasytoabuse.Iftheyareexpectedtothrowmeaningfullightonteachers’'performancetheratingsmustbeusedinawaythatshowsatleastsomeofwhatwe’'velearntaboutthemfromresearchandfromexperience.

Researchandexperiencehaveshownus,forexample,thatstudentratingsshouldneverbetheonlybasisforevaluatingteachingeffectiveness.Thereismuchmoretoteachingthanwhatisevaluatedonstudentratingforms.Whenratingsareused,weknowthatstudentsshouldnotbeexpectedtojudgewhetherthematerialsusedinacourseareuptodateorhowwelltheteacherknowsthesubjectmatterofthecourse.

Thesejudgmentsrequireprofessionalbackgroundandarebestlefttotheprofessor’'scolleagues.Ontheotherhand,studentsshouldbeaskedtoestimatewhattheyhavelearnedinacourse,andtoreportonsuchthingsasaprofessor’'sabilitytocommunicateatthestudent’'slevel,professionalbehaviorintheclassroom,relationshipwithstudents,andabilitytoarouseinterestinthesubject.

1.Thecentralideaofthepassageisthat______.

2.WhichstatementisTRUE?

3.InstudentratingsarethefollowingquestionscanbeaskedEXCEPT:______.

4.Thesentenceinthethirdsecondparagraph“Buttheyalsoarealsoeasytoabuse”means______.

問題1選項

A.studentratingsaretheonlysourceofinformationonteachingeffectiveness

B.ratingshavebecomethemostwidelyusedsourceofinformationonteachingeffectiveness

C.besidestudentratings,thereareothermethodstoevaluateteachers

D.studentratingsareverypopularandshouldbeproperlyused

問題2選項

A.Studentevaluationsofteachersarepopularbecausetheyareextremelyaccurate.

B.Instudentratings,studentsshouldnotbeaskedquestionsthatrequireprofessionalbackground.

C.Studentratingscanbeusedunderanycircumstances.

D.Allcollegesareinclinedtousestudentratingstoevaluateteachers.

問題3選項

A.Cantheteachermakehimselfeasilyunderstood?

B.Howdoestheteacherdealwithstudents?

C.Iswhatistaughtnew?

D.Arestudentsinterestedinwhatistaught?

問題4選項

A.teachersareeasytobemisunderstood

B.teachersareeasytobewronged

C.studentratingscaneasilybeputtowronguse

D.studentratingscaneasilybemadeuseoftoattackteachers

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】1.【試題解析】：主旨大意題。通讀全文，可得知本文主要講述的是學生評估在對教師進行測評中的廣泛應用及如何正確地使用這種測評方式，因此選項D最能概括文章大意。選項A和選項B，根據原文可以定位到第一段的第四三句“Infactstudentratings(評價)havebecomethemostwidelyusedandinmanycasestheonlyimportantinformationonteachingeffectiveness.”選項本身說法正確，但過于片面，不足以概括全文。根據原文“Noothermethodofevaluationgotthatdegreeofusageandotherstudieshavefoundsimilarresults.”可得知選項C說法錯誤。

2.【試題解析】事實細節(jié)題。選項B可以定位到原文的第四三段的首句“Thesejudgmentsrequireprofessionalbackgroundandarebestlefttotheprofessor’'scolleagues.”可得知這些專業(yè)性的背景問題最好留給同事們回答而不是學生，即符合B選項。

3.【試題解析】判斷推理題。由文章末第三段第三句中的"“studentsshouldnotbeexpectedtojudgewhetherthematerialsusedinacourseareuptodate”"可知，不能問學生"“老師教授的東西是否新穎”"這樣的問題。因此，答案為C。

4.【試題解析】判斷推理題。根據題干引用的這句話可以定位到原文中的第二三段，“Iftheyareexpectedtothrowmeaningfullightonteachers’'performancetheratingsmustbeusedinawaythatshowsatleastsomeofwhatwe’'velearntaboutthemfromresearchandfromexperience.”可得知，如果他們被期望為教師的表現提供有意義的說明，那么評級的使用必須至少表明我們從研究和經驗中所了解到的一些情況。而不是說隨意評級?？赏茢喑鲈u級很容易會被誤用。因此答案為選項C。

11.單選題

ThespygaveGeneralWashingtona(n)（）reportonenemyactivities.

問題1選項

A.confident

B.influential

C.confidential

D.substantial

【答案】C

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。confident“自信的”；influential“有影響力的”；confidential“機密的”；