2019第2部分專題1 構詞法

語法專題突破專題一構詞法［全國卷考情分析］精剖析?語法突破（對應學生用書第241頁）題型分類典題試做命題解讀語法填空（2017?全國卷I）However,becareful（care）nottogotoextremes.（2017?全國巻U）Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeenfairly（fair）unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.語法填空中主要考査：給出形容詞提示詞，填寫副詞或名詞；給出動詞,填寫名詞或形容詞；給出名詞,填寫形容詞。短文改錯（2017?全國卷I）ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenly—?suddenstopjustinthemiddleoftheroach（2017?全國卷II）Intheirsparetime,theyareinteresting—?interestedinplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,whichisontherooftopoftheirhouse.1?形容詞和副詞的錯用；形容詞和名詞的錯用；-ed與-ing形容詞的錯用。I靑點1|形容詞變副詞的后綴［先試做題組］.單句語法填空（2017?江西紅色七校一聯(lián)）Hesatdownandstartedgently（gentle）talkingtothedog.Similarly（similar）,whenRonWebsterborrowedabookfromthelibraryoftheUniversityofLiverpool，heforgottoreturnit，too.Butsuchasmallthingcouldn'tpossibly（possible）destroyavillage.【導學號：44040109】.單句改錯Parentsandteachersalwaysthinkstudentsshouldspendmoretimeontheirstudies,butstudentsthemselvesthinkdifferent.differentfdifferently（2017?宿遷三校質(zhì)檢）Shetoreuptheletterangryandthrewitintothe

dustbin.dustbin.1署點2|形容詞變名詞的后綴［先試做題組］.單句語法填空1署點2|形容詞變名詞的后綴［先試做題組］.單句語法填空變化形式例詞一般情況下直接加“-ly”quickfquicklyfluent—fluentlystupidfstupidly少數(shù)以e結尾的形容詞，要去掉e再加-ly；絕大多數(shù)輔音字母加e結尾的形容詞直接加-lytrue—trulypolite—politelywide—widelywise—wiselynice—nicely以“y”結尾的，且讀音為/I/,先將“y”改成“i”，再加Ty”；但是如果讀音為/al/,直接加lyhappy—happilyheavy—heavilyangry—angrilybusy—busilydry—drylyshy—shyly以ic結尾的詞，加allyeconomic—economicallybasic—basically（例外：public—publicly）以輔音字母加le結尾時，去e加y；兀音字母加le時，直接加lysimple—simplyterrible—terriblygentle—gentlypossible—possiblyprobable—probablysole—solely（例外：whole—wholly）［再解讀要點］|轡點21形容詞變名詞的后綴1．MyEnglishimprovedalot；moreimportantly，Igainedmuchconfidence（confident）.Thatlittleactofkindness（kind）madeeveryonewhosawitfeelgood—butitmademefeelthebestofall!.單句改錯（2017?山東師大附中月考）Wefearthatwedonothavethestrongandcourageto

facethetruthofoursituation.strongfstrength［再解讀要點］后綴例詞ageshort—shortage不足；短缺-cyefficient—efficiency效率；功效fluent—fluency流利；流暢accurate—accuracy準確性private—privacy隱私；私密-domfree—freedom自由；自主wise—wisdom明智；智慧-nessweak—weakness虛弱；弱點kind—kindness仁慈；好意careless—carelessness粗心大意dark—darkness黑暗-thstrong—strength力氣；強項warm—warmth溫暖；熱情true—truth真相；真理wide—width寬度-ytyitydifficult—difficulty困難cruel—cruelty殘酷；殘暴safe—safety安全disable—disability無能；殘疾responsible—responsibility責任1考點3|動詞、名詞變形容詞的后綴［先試做題組］I.單句語法填空1．Thehigh-speedtrainthatconnectsthetwocitiesisbothfastandcomfortable(comfort).2．Notonlytheteachersbutalsothestudentsfindthewebsitebeneficial(benefit).(2017安徽江南十校聯(lián)考)HewasmorethanjustanEnglishteacher，becausehealsotaughtmeuseful(use)lessonsinlife.【導學號：44040111】II.單句改錯1．Mostpeoplenowadaysaresobusywiththeirlivesthattheydonothavetimetoenjoyahealthyandbalancediet.balancefbalanced(2017黑龍江大慶調(diào)研)1don'tthinkitareasonpracticeforthemtobehavethatwayinoursociety.reasonfreasonable［再解讀要點］后綴例詞ableaccept—acceptable可接受的comfort—comfortable舒適的fashion—fashionable時髦的suit—suitable合適的reason—reasonable有道理的-albenefit—beneficial有益的music—musical音樂的origin—original最初的person—personal個人的；私人的center—central中央的；中心的nature—natural自然的；天生的form—formal正式的nation—national全國的-fuldoubt—doubtful懷疑的forget—forgetful健忘的harm—harmful有害的hope—hopeful有希望的peace—peaceful和平的

care—careful細心的use—useful有用的success—successful成功的help—helpful有幫助的-(e)dscare—scared感到恐懼的confuse—confused感到困惑的puzzle—puzzled迷惑的worry—worried擔心的beard—bearded有胡須的talent—talented有才能的underline—underlined加下劃線的balance—balanced均衡的-ingsurprise—surprising令人驚訝的convince—convincing令人信服的satisfy—satisfying令人滿意的worry—worrying令人擔心的bore—boring令人厭煩的-ibleaccess—accessible容易達到的；容易取得的horror—horrible可怕的；恐怖的terror—terrible可怕的-iveact—active積極的；活躍的effect—effective有效的；生效的attract—attractive有吸引力的impress—impressive給人深刻印象的instruct—instructive有教育意義的expense—expensive昂貴的-ouscontinue—continuous不斷的；持續(xù)的anxiety—anxious憂慮的caution—cautious十分小心的；謹慎的

curiosityfcurious好奇的humorfhumorous幽默的sometireftiresome令人厭倦的troubleftroublesome麻煩的-ytasteftasty美味的；可口的healthfhealthy健康的wealthfwealthy富裕的；豐富的dirtfdirty有灰塵的；臟的rainfrainy有雨的sunfsunny陽光明媚的cloudfcloudy陰天的-erneastfeastern東方的；向東的westfwestern西方的；向西的-ishchildfchildish孩子氣的foolffoolish愚蠢的；可笑的selffselfish自私的icsciencefscientific科學的economyfeconomic經(jīng)濟的historyfhistoric歷史上著名的1若點4|動詞變名詞的后綴［先試做題組］.單句語法填空(2017?山東泰安一模)Itisnecessarytohaveaphysicalexamination(examine)everyyear.Annanwillberememberedforhisabilityandhiswarmth(warm).Withouthesitation(hesitate),Idecidedtofollowthemandwedidhavelotsoffunthatday..單句改錯

（2017.湖北八校聯(lián)考）Inouncefpronunciation【導學號：44040112】［再解讀考點］后綴例詞ion/sion/ationcorrect—correction改正attract—attraction吸弓|conclude—conclusion結論；結束decide—decision決定admit—admission接納；準許入學invite—invitation邀1冃explain—explanation解釋expect—expectation期望-er/-orteach—teacher老師announce—announcer播音員conduct—conductor指揮；售票員-mentpunish—punishment懲罰achieve—achievement功績；成就argue—argument辯論；論據(jù)equip—equipment裝備；設備-ance/-enceappear—appearance出現(xiàn)；外貌perform—performance表演；節(jié)目exist—existence存在；生存prefer—preference偏愛-inghear—hearing聽力；聽覺begin—beginning開女臺-ure/turefail—failure失敗press—pressure壓力mix—mixture混合；混合物depart—departure離開；出發(fā)

-yrecoverfrecovery恢復；痊愈discoverfdiscovery發(fā)現(xiàn)其他choosefchoice選擇varyfvariety多樣化；種類tendftendency趨向；趨勢1考點5|變動詞的前綴與后綴［先試做題組］.單句語法填空Youshouldloosen(loose)upyourmusclesbeforeplayinganysport.Mymotherencouraged(courage)meandinsistedthatIcontinuemyeducation.Ourgovernmentattachesmuchimportancetoeducationnow，whichenables(able)somanypeopletobewelleducated..單句改錯Ifyouwanttoliveasimplelife,youneedtosimpleyourmind.第二個simplefsimplifyIfyoudeepyourknowledgeorunderstandingofasubject，youwilllearnmoreaboutitandbecomemoreinterestedinit.deepfdeepen［再解讀考點］前/后綴例詞前綴en-ablefenable使能夠largefenlarge擴大richfenrich使充實；使豐富dangerfendanger危及couragefencourage鼓勵后綴enbroadfbroaden使變寬ripefripen使成熟sharpfsharpen使尖銳widefwiden力口寬

shortfshorten變短deepfdeepen力口深darkfdarken使變暗hardfharden使變硬ifyclassfclassify扌巴分類justfjustify證明正確simplefsimplify簡化beautyfbeautify美化izeapologyfapologize道歉emphasisfemphasize強調(diào)memoryfmemorize記住realfrealize認識到；實現(xiàn)1考點6|表示否定意義或相反意義的前綴和后綴［先試做題組］I.單句語法填空.(2017山東青島一模)Astheycouldn'tplayoutdoors，theywereunhappy(happy),andsomeevengotintofightsfromtimetotime.Peopleonwelfarearewronglyseenaslazyordishonest(honest).Informal(formal)clothesaresuitableforwearingathomeorinordinarysituations..單句改錯(2017?甘肅張掖中學月考)1knowasanexcellentguideIshouldmakeyourjourneyinterestingandmeaningless.meaninglessfmeaningful［再解讀要點］前/后綴例詞前綴disagreefdisagree不同意advantagefdisadvantage缺點

appear—disappear消失comfort—discomfort不舒適的honest—dishonest不誠實的il-legal—illegal不合法的logical—illogical不合邏輯的im-polite—impolite無禮的patient—impatient不耐煩的moral—immoral不道德的in-formal—informal非正式的convenient—inconvenient不方便的direct—indirect不直接的ir-regular—irregular不規(guī)則的responsible—irresponsible不負責任的mis-lead—mislead誤導understand—misunderstand誤解un-usual—unusual不尋常的willing—unwilling不愿意的happy—unhappy不咼興的known—unknown不出名的后綴-lesshope—hopeless絕望的end—endless沒完沒了的care—careless粗心的help—helpless無助的use—useless無用的高效練?跟蹤檢測（對應學生用書第244頁）［核心考點針對練］I.單句語法填空Iusuallymemorize(memory)twentynewwordsadayandputthemtousewheneverpossible.2．Theyaretryingtowiden(wide)thediscussiontoincludeenvironmentalissues.3．Therearesomanydifferentlabelsonfoodnowadays.Theyarenotonlyconfusing(confuse)butalsomisleading.4．Ifwecarryourburdenallthetime，soonerorlater，astheburdenbecomesincreasingly(increase)heavy,wewon'tbeabletocarryon.Itsnowedheavily(heavy)lastnightandnowthestreetsarecoveredwithsnow.Hesankintodepression(depress)whenbothhisparentslefthimandwenttothesouthinsearchofabetter-paidjob.【導學號：44040113】7．Itisillegal(legal)todriveafterdrinkingalcoholinourcountrynow.(2017?河南中原名校期中聯(lián)考)Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowisnoknowledgeisuseless(use).(2017廣東省揭陽市二模)Mikewasdyingtoapplyforanewjob，buthewasunconfidentofhimself,forhethoughtofhimselfasafailure(fail)andunworthyofsuccess.Thereportcanbeconveniently(convenient)dividedintothreemainsections.II.單句改錯1．Everyoneofusisworkinghardlyintheclassroom，preparingforthecomingexam.hardlyfhard(2017?東北師大附中月考)Beforewaitingforabouthalfanhour，Iwasbeginningtogetimpatiently.impatientlyfimpatient3．Althoughparentsshouldtakegoodcareoftheiryoungchildren，theydon'tnecessarydoanythingforthem.necessaryfnecessarily．Itisagoodwayforustomemorizenewwordsbyseeingthemrepeated.repeatedfrepeatedly．Herdisappointinglookshowedthatshefailedtheexamagain.disappointing—disappointed

［高考題型綜合練］短文改錯（2017?遼寧沈陽市第一次質(zhì)檢）DearJacob，Howareyoudoing？I'mwritingtoinviteyoutoclimbMountQianshan.Youhadalreadybeenhereforamonth.Sowethinkit'sthegoodopportunityforusgetfamiliarwitheachother.MountQianshanhasagoodreputationfortheirbrilliantsceneryindifferentseason.Myfriendsandfamilyisplanningtomakeitat8o'clockinthisSaturdaymorningattheschoolgate.Wearewonderingthatitisconvenientforyou.Whenarrivedthere，［高考題型綜合練］短文改錯（2017?遼寧沈陽市第一次質(zhì)檢）DearJacob，Howareyoudoing？I'mwritingtoinviteyoutoclimbMountQianshan.Youhadalreadybeenhereforamonth.Sowethinkit'sthegoodopportunityforusgetfamiliarw