【上?!咳屎阄鹘佳旁犯拍钤O計方案CICADA_第1頁
【上?!咳屎阄鹘佳旁犯拍钤O計方案CICADA_第2頁
【上海】仁恒西郊雅苑概念設計方案CICADA_第3頁
【上?!咳屎阄鹘佳旁犯拍钤O計方案CICADA_第4頁
【上?!咳屎阄鹘佳旁犯拍钤O計方案CICADA_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩49頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費閱讀

下載本文檔

版權說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內容提供方,若內容存在侵權,請進行舉報或認領

文檔簡介

XuJing,Shanghai徐涇,上海FINALLANDSCAPECONCEPTDESIGNDOCUMENT景觀設計概念方案PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-11Ourlandscapeconceptdesigndocumentfor:特制作此概念方案予PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-112CONTENTS:目錄ProjectSite項目位置Pg.5ConceptStrategy概念分析Pg.6-7Pg.8OutlineSketchProposal設計草圖概述LandscapeStructureLayer景觀分層Pg.9-12Pg.13Pg.14Pg.15-39LightandShadeStudy日照及陰影分析LandscapeCharacterDiagram景觀特色ConceptDesign設計概念Furniture&LightingImages戶外家具及燈飾意向圖Pg.40HardscapeImages硬景意向圖Pg.41Artworks藝術雕塑Pg.42Appendicies附錄Pg.43-54PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-113THEPROJECT:XUJING項目:徐涇High-endResidential

高端住宅區(qū)SustainableDesign

可持續(xù)發(fā)展性設計HighQualityNaturalEnvironment

優(yōu)質天然環(huán)境PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-114PROJECTSITE項目位置Xujing

Town,

Qingpu

district

is

located

in

the

western

area

ofShanghai

municipality

approximately

5.5

km

from

HongqiaoBusinessDistrict.At14hectaresinsize,theprojectsiteislocatedwithinexistingfarmlandclosetoXujingTown,attheintersectionofXuyingroadandSongzeboulevard.青浦區(qū)徐涇鎮(zhèn)位于在上海的西部,

距離紅橋商業(yè)區(qū)

5.5公里。

14公頃的項目位于在徐涇鎮(zhèn)的現有耕地上,以及徐涇路和松澤大道的交匯處。PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-115CONCEPTSTRATEGY概念分析MacroAnalysis宏觀分析??

Therelationshiptotheprojectsiteinmacrocontext項目與大環(huán)境之間的聯系??

?The?Yangtze?River?as?a??ow?expression長江作為流動元素MicroAnalysis微觀分析??

Relationshiptotheprojectsitein

microcontext項目與周邊環(huán)境之間的聯系??

Water?

and?

transport?

system?

as?

an?

expression?

of?

?ow?

and?movement水體與交通系統(tǒng)作為流動元素MainAccess主要通路??

Sitecontextandarchitecturalelementssuggestmainaccessorientation.

Linear

views

through

the

site

encourage

move-ment??ows項目周邊環(huán)境與建筑體促成主要通行方向。線性視線通過項目場地增強了流動性PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-116CONCEPTSTRATEGY概念分析SyntheticMainElements合成的主要因素Lines?of??ow流動線FlowMovement流動Creatingthespace創(chuàng)建空間PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-117OUTLINESKETCHPROPOSAL設計草圖概述??

Flowing

landform

and

landscape

elements

form

active

linearconnectionsandpassiveeddyspaces積極的線性和靜止的漩渦構成了流云般的地形和景觀元素??

Flow

elements

form

the

structural

foundation

for

the

land-scapedesign流線形成為了景觀設計的基本元素PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-118LANDSCAPESTRUCTURELAYERS景觀分層Circulation-Connectionandgatheringspaces交通系統(tǒng)-連接與聚會空間Water-

Swimmingpool,waterfeaturesandwatersystem水體-泳池,水景和排水系統(tǒng)Softscape-Mixedwoodlandeco-system軟景-混合林地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)Lighting?-?Feature?lighting?and?way-?nding照明-特色照明和庭院燈Landscapeprogram-Landscapeactivitiesanduses景觀活動區(qū)-景觀活動和其他用途PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-119LANDSCAPESTRUCTURELAYERS景觀分層Circulation交通系統(tǒng)??

Pedestrianconnectionthroughthelandscape人行道路由景觀相互連接在一起??

Nodalgatheringandprogramspaces匯聚點及活動區(qū)LEGENDCirculationroute流通系統(tǒng)Nodes匯聚點050100150MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1110LANDSCAPESTRUCTURELAYERS景觀分層WATER水體??

Resident

access

swimming

pool

located

at

the

heart

of

theproject住宅區(qū)泳池位于項目的中心??

Water

features

through

the

central

spine

and

at

main

gather-ingspaces水景通過整條中央區(qū)及主要聚會區(qū)??

Surfacedrainagetoconnectionpoints地面排水江入兩側生態(tài)花園的連接點LEGENDSwimmingpool泳池Waterfeature水景Drainage排水系統(tǒng)050100150MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1111LANDSCAPESTRUCTURELAYERS景觀分層LANDSCAPEPROGRAM景觀活動區(qū)??

Awidevarietyofspatialprogramisproposedtocreateinter-estingandinspiringspaces各種不同的活動空間創(chuàng)造出有趣和靜謐的空間LEGENDPrimarycommunitygatheringspaces(>1000people)主要聚會空間(容納1000人)Secondarygatheringspaces(bbqpits)(>300people)次要聚會空間(燒烤區(qū))(容納300人)Tertiarygatheringspaces(>100people)第三級聚會空間(容納100人)Arrivalspacewithdrop-off&accesstobasement抵達區(qū)與地下車庫通道Activeplay/sports/children’splayground,tenniscourts,basketball,BBQ活動/運動,游樂園,網球場,籃球場,燒烤區(qū)Swimmingpool泳池Comtemplativespaces(Yogagarden/Elderlycorner/thematicgardens)沉思空間(瑜伽園/老年活動區(qū)/主題花園)050100150MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1112LIGHTANDSHADESTUDYDIAGRAM日照及陰影分析??

Locations

of

shady

spaces

are

dictated

by

the

locations

ofbuildingsinrelationtotheelevationofthesun.陰影區(qū)域直接反映了太陽移動與建筑物位置的關系??

Planting

species

shall

be

selected

to

maximize

the

levels

ofsunandshadetolandscapespaces對植物品種的選擇應在最大程度上豐富喜光植物及耐蔭植物LEGENDFullshade全陰影1Hour一小時2Hour兩小時3Hour三小時4Hour四小時5Hour五小時Fullsun全日照050100150MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1113LANDSCAPECHARACTERDIAGRAM景觀特色1

FlowingLandscapeConnections景觀流動連接2

GreenCorridors/GreenForest綠色走廊/綠色森林13

PedestrianConnections行人道連接4

CentralWaterFeature中央水景88745

‘AFeelingofArrivinghome’歸家感26

GroundFormTypology地形變化337

OpenGatheringSpace開放聚會空間58

EnclosedIntimateSpaces親密圍合空間LEGEND8Circulationroute交通系統(tǒng)6Mixedwoodlandplanting混種林地種植2Waterelements水體1050100150MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1114CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念19LANDSCAPEMASTERPLAN景觀平面圖1

Mainentrance主要出入口14Basketballcourts籃球場222

Waterfeature水景15Rockgarden巖石園1810139153

Drop-off下客處16Playground游樂園1224922114

Swimmingpool泳池17Sandbeach沙灘11921995

Pooldeck泳池平臺18Greenpavilion綠色涼亭9226

Jacuzzi按摩浴池19Woodlandjoggingtrail林地漫步道112217

Outdoorpartyarea戶外聚會去區(qū)20Outdoor??tness?corner戶外建身區(qū)627237258348

Sunkengardenwithoutdoordining下沉庭院與戶外用餐21Sculpturegarden雕塑園522Seatingarea休閑區(qū)9

Greenroomforyoga,taiji219229禪意空間-瑜伽,太極

23BBQarea燒烤區(qū)910Maingatheringarea主要聚會區(qū)1724Functionlawnarea活動草坪區(qū)1011Waterfeature水景2416221425Amphitheatre露天劇場99111812Teapavilion品茶軒26Steplawn草坪臺階13Tenniscourts網球場27Secondaryentrance次要出入口19PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1115CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念SITESECTIONA剖面圖AAA051025100MPublicRoadWoodlandWalkwayResidentialBuildingWalkwayPavilionLawnWater

Walkfeature

wayResidentialBuildingWaterFeatureGardenSunken

WaterFeature

WalkResidentialBuildingWalkwaySandareaGatheringSpacePavilionWater

Walkfeature

wayResidentialBuildingGardenway市政道路林地人行步道住宅樓人行步道涼亭草坪水景

人行步道住宅樓水景園下沉庭院水景人行步道住宅樓人行步道沙區(qū)聚會區(qū)涼亭水景

人行步道住宅樓PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1116CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念SITESECTIONB剖面圖BBB051025100MGuardHouseEntranceWaterFeatureDrop-offAreaClubHouseSunkenGardenWaterFeatureGardenSwimmingPoolReceptionBuildingWaterFeatureDrop-offAreaEntranceWaterFeatureGuardHouse門衛(wèi)出入口處水景下客處會所下沉庭院水景園游泳池迎賓樓水景落客處出入口處水景門衛(wèi)PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1117CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念CENTRALWATERFEATURE&ENTRANCE中央水景與出入口處02550100MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1118CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念ENTRANCEPERSPECTIVE出入口處效果圖PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1119CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念CENTRALWATERFEATUREPERSPECTIVE中央水景效果圖PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1120SECTIONACONCEPTDESIGN設計感念CENTRALWATERFEATURESECTION中央水景剖面圖BBAAFFL+4.25SL+2.75FFL-1.15SECTIONBFFL+4.25SL+2.75FFL-1.15012510MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1121CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念PRIMARYGATHERINGSPACE1主要聚會空間105102550MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1122CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念PRIMARYGATHERINGSPACE1PERSPECTIVE主要聚會空間1效果圖PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1123CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念PRIMARYGATHERINGSPACE2主要聚會空間205102550MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1124CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念PRIMARYGATHERINGSPACE2PERSPECTIVE主要聚會空間2效果圖PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1125CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念ACTIVESPACE1活動空間105101525MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1126CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念ACTIVESPACE1PERSPECTIVE活動空間1效果圖PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1127CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念ACTIVESPACE2活動空間205101525MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1128CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念ACTIVESPACE2SECTION活動空間2剖面圖012510MPlanting

WalkwayareaSteplawnBasketballcourtPlantingarea種植區(qū)步道草坪臺階籃球場種植區(qū)PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1129CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念ACTIVESPACE3活動空間305101525MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1130CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念ACTIVESPACE3PERSPECTIVE活動空間3效果圖PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1131CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念ACTIVEPLAY&SPORT活動及運動區(qū)05101525MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1132CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念PASSIVECONTEMPLATIVESPACE禪意空間05101525MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1133CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念PASSIVECONTEMPLATIVESPACESECTION禪意空間剖面圖012510MPlantingareaWalkwayGreenroomWalkwayGreenroomWalkwayPlantingarea種植區(qū)步道禪意空間步道禪意空間步道種植區(qū)PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1134CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念SOFTSCAPE軟景部分??

Mixed

woodland

forming

enclosure

between

buildings

whileensuringhighlightlevelstobuildingfrontages混種林地圍合建筑之間的空間,同時也確保建筑周圍的采光水平??

Bamboogroavesaroundbuilding竹林圍繞在建筑周邊??

Aquaticplantingtowaterfeatures水景中種植水生植物LEGENDMixedwoodland-70%Evergreen,30%Decidious混種林地-70%常綠,30%落葉Mixedwoodland-50%Evergreen,50%Decidious混種林地-50%常綠,50%落葉Verticalsoftscape垂直軟景Semi-aquaticplant濱水植物Aquaticplant水生植物050100150MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1135CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念PLANTINGCONCEPTDESIGN植物種植設計概念??

Planting?species?selected?to?create?a??ow?of?colour?through-outtheyear對植物品種的選擇應隨著四季輪轉展現出不同顏色??

?Locations?of?species?to?be?selected?to?reveal?a??ow?of?colour.種植地點應著力張顯顏色的流轉PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1136CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念TREESUCCESSIONALDESIGN樹木的演替設計??

Tree?shape?and?form?shall?reveal?a??ow?of?ecological?succes-sion樹木的形態(tài)和配植方式注重表現自然演替。Frontandbackofthebuilding建筑體前后Buildinggableend建筑體側面PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1137CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念SOFTSCAPEIMAGES軟景意向圖PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1138CONCEPTDESIGN設計感念LIGHTING照明??

Featurelightingtocirculationconnections特色照明燈連接道路系統(tǒng)??

Featurelightingatkeyfocalpointsandwoodlandclusters特色照明燈設置在主要活動區(qū)和林地區(qū)LEGENDLighting照明燈Lightingfocalpoint主要照明燈AmbientLightingtoareasofwoodland照亮林地區(qū)的氣氛照明燈050100150MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1139FURNITURE&LIGHTINGIMAGES戶外家具及燈飾意向圖PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1140HARDSCAPEIMAGES硬景意向圖PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1141ARTWORKS藝術雕塑KINETICSCULPTURES動力雕塑SOLARPOWEREDSCULPTURES太陽能動力雕塑PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1142APPENDICIES附錄PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1143APPENDIXA附錄ASUNPATH&SHADOWSTUDY光照與陰影分析During

the

summer

months,

much

of

the

site

will

receive

sunshineas

the

spaces

between

the

buildings

are

large.

Three

distinctwarm

enclosed

spaces

are

evident.

One

to

the

north,

one

tothe

central

area

and

one

to

the

south.

Primary

activities

shouldtakeplacehere.During

the

winter

less

spaces

receive

sunlight

but

pockets

ofwarmerspacesareevident.SUMMER9AM

夏季9點上午WINTER9AM

冬季9點上午在夏季,因為在建筑物之間的空間很寬大所以陽光將會照射在大部分的區(qū)域。

并在北部,

中部及南部自然形成了三個溫暖的封閉空間。因此,主要活動空間將設置在此處。在冬季日照長度明顯減少的情況下,項目仍留有明顯的長日照空間。SUMMER3PM

夏季3點下午WINTER3PM

冬季3點下午LEGENDSpaceswhichreceivesunlight長日照空間SUMMERSHADE

夏季陰照WINTERSHADE

冬季陰照PROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1144APPENDIXB附錄BFIREENGINEROUTE消防車道Fire

engine

routes

with

locations

of

hardstandings

to

be

inter-matedintothelandscapedesign.消防通道與登高場地的設計也被納入景觀設計中進行綜合考慮。LEGENDProposed??re?engine?route新提議的消防道Current??re?engine?route原本消防道Proposed??re?engine?hardstanding新提議的消防登高場地Current??re?engine?hardstanding原本消防登高場地050100150MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1145APPENDIXC附錄CVENTILATION

&LIGHTINGWELL通風井和采光井ExistingLocation現有的位置Proposednewlocation提議的位置050100150MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1146APPENDIXC附錄CSUMMERWINDSTUDY夏季風向Summer

south

easterly

winds

provide

warm

external

spaces

par-ticularly

on

the

Southern

side

of

the

site

though

all

external

spac-es?will?bene?t?from?this?warm?climatic?effect.?Localised?warmer?spaces

will

result

close

to

building

frontages.

The

softscape

de-sign

will

mitigate

against

high

temperatures

to

provide

shadyand

cooler

spaces.

The

temperature

can

rise

to

20

to

40

degreecelsius.夏季西南季風會使南側建筑群之間溫度較高,通過植物種植有助于降低氣溫。夏季溫度可升高到20至40攝氏度。050100150MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1147APPENDIXD附錄DWINTERWINDSTUDY冬季風向Winter

northerly

winds

will

form

cold

spaces

on

the

northern

sideof

the

site

close

to

the

buildings.

Though

the

buildings

on

this

sideof

the

site

will

offer

some

protection,

all

spaces

will

feel

cold

asthetemperaturescanfallto11to-12degreecelsius.冬季北部季風將在北側建筑群中形成一個寒冷的空間。

同時,

北側建筑群又成為項目的防風屏障。

使中部和南部組團相對較為溫暖。冬季溫度可降低到11至-12攝氏度。050100150MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1148APPENDIXE附錄ELEVELSTUDY原有用地水平The?

existing?

site?

is?

relatively?

?at?

and?

levels?

vary?

from?

between?+3.0?

-?

+4.1m.?

Final?

?nish?

levels?

are?

in?uenced?

by?

architectural?andlandscapearchitecturalrequirements.該地區(qū)現狀地形過于平坦,

高程變化在3.0-4.1米之間。

最終完成面高程將由建筑和景觀設計共同決定。LEGEND+3.5-+4.2m+3.3-+3.4m+3.0-+3.2m050100150MPROPOSEDLANDSCAPEMASTERPLANCONCEPTOFXUJINGINSHANGHAI,CHINA14-01-1149APPENDIXF附錄FPROPOSEDLEVELSTUDY新提議用地水平Entrance

road

drop

off

areas

are

set

to

a

level

of

+3.80m

withthe

landscape

ground

level

set

to

+4

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯系上傳者。文件的所有權益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網頁內容里面會有圖紙預覽,若沒有圖紙預覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經權益所有人同意不得將文件中的內容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內容的表現方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內容負責。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權或不適當內容,請與我們聯系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論