考研考博-英語-北京印刷學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-北京印刷學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Themachineryhadbeenwreckedsoefficientlythatpoliceweresureitwasacaseof______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vagabond

B.sabotage

C.paradox

D.tachyon

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.vagabond流浪者；無業(yè)游民B.sabotage蓄意破壞；刻意阻礙

C.paradox悖論，反論；似是而非的論點(diǎn)D.tachyon速子，超光束粒子

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】由前文關(guān)鍵信息“Themachineryhadbeenwreckedsoefficiently（機(jī)器被破壞得很厲害）”可推斷這是蓄意而為，因此本題正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】機(jī)器被毀壞得如此厲害，以致警方斷定這是一起蓄意破壞事件。

2.單選題

FromsciencetoShakespeare,excellenttelevisionandvideoprogramsareavailable（）toteachers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.instore

B.inoperation

C.inabundance

D.instock

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)instore“貯藏著；準(zhǔn)備著；將要發(fā)生”；B選項(xiàng)inoperation“生效；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)著”；C選項(xiàng)inabundance“大量的；豐富的；充足的”；D選項(xiàng)instock“有存貨；現(xiàn)有”。句意：從科學(xué)到莎士比亞，教師們可以大量使用優(yōu)秀的電視和視頻節(jié)目。由空格前的關(guān)鍵詞“available可使用的”可知“大量的”符合句意，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

3.填空題

Thereisapopularbeliefamongparentsthatschoolsarenolongerinterestedinspelling.NoschoolI

havetaughthaseverignoredspellingorconsidereditunimportantasabasicskill.

A

B

C

D

【答案】Chavetaught改為havetaughtin

【解析】【考查點(diǎn)】從句。

【解題思路】Ihavetaught是修飾school的定語從句，從句的完整句子為Ihavetaughtinschool，當(dāng)school作為先行詞放于從句之前時(shí)，介詞應(yīng)該保留，因此C部分應(yīng)為havetaughtin。

【句意】家長們普遍認(rèn)為學(xué)校不再重視拼寫。我所任教的學(xué)校從來沒有忽視過拼寫，或認(rèn)為拼寫是一項(xiàng)基本技能，根本不重要。

4.單選題

Thenormalhumandailycycleofactivityisofsome7-8hours’sleepalternatingwithsome16-17hours’wakefulness.Broadlyspeaking,thesleephoursnormally（）withthehoursofdarkness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conform

B.coincide

C.collide

D.comply

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。conformwith符合，與...一致；coincidewith符合，與...一致（強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間上的一致性）；collidewith沖突；complywith遵守。句意：人類正常的日?；顒?dòng)周期是7-8小時(shí)的睡眠和16-17小時(shí)的清醒交替進(jìn)行。廣義上說，睡眠時(shí)間通常與黑暗的時(shí)間相一致。選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.單選題

Herefusedto___thathewasdefeated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.burlesque

B.conceive

C.acknowledge

D.probe

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)burlesque“模仿嘲弄；取笑”；B選項(xiàng)conceive“懷孕；構(gòu)思；以為；持有”；C選項(xiàng)acknowledge“承認(rèn)；答謝；報(bào)償；告知已收到”；D選項(xiàng)probe“探查；用探針探測”。句意：他拒絕___自己被打敗了。本句表達(dá)“拒絕承認(rèn)被打敗”。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Onthesideofthehill,thereisa（）whichwasoncetheentrancetoagoldmine.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deepholeinground

B.holedeepinground

C.deepholeintheground

D.deepinthegroundhole

【答案】C

【解析】語法知識(shí)。形容詞修飾名詞應(yīng)放于名詞之前，ground（地面）前面應(yīng)用定冠詞。選項(xiàng)C正確。

7.單選題

He’swrittenanewbookinwhichhe______hisvisionofsocialreform.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.quavers

B.propounds

C.purges

D.surges

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.quavers顫抖；發(fā)顫音B.propounds提議，提出

C.purges清除，消除；彌補(bǔ)D.surges洶涌；澎湃

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵信息hisvisionofsocialreform（他對社會(huì)改革的設(shè)想）可知，空格處表示“提出”符合句意。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)都不符合句意。

【句意】他寫了一本新書，在書中提出了他對社會(huì)改革的看法。

8.單選題

Theseveranceofchurchandstateisabasicprincipleofthatgovernment.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.coalition

B.separation

C.succession

D.interchangeability

【答案】B

【解析】severance意為分離，隔離。coalition聯(lián)合，合并；separation分離，間隔；succession連續(xù)，繼位；interchangeability可交換性。選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近。

9.單選題

Satellitecommunicationsaresoup-to-datethatevenwhen（

）inthemiddleofthePacific,businessmancancontacttheirofficesasiftheywerenextdoor.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gliding

B.cruising

C.piloting

D.patrolling

【答案】B

【解析】考察動(dòng)詞（ing形式）詞義辨析。Gliding“滑動(dòng)，掠過”；cruising“航行（海上）”；piloting“航行（空中）”；patrolling“巡邏，巡查”。句意：衛(wèi)星通訊是如此與時(shí)俱進(jìn)以致于商人們即使在太平洋上航行都可以與辦公室職員聯(lián)系，就如同他們就在隔壁。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

10.單選題

Shemusthavebeenpretty（）tofallforsuchanoldtrick.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.interested

B.gullible

C.enthusiastic

D.shrewd

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)interested“感興趣的”；B選項(xiàng)gullible“易受騙的，輕信的”；C選項(xiàng)enthusiastic“熱情的”；D選項(xiàng)shrewd“精明的，狡猾的”。句意：她太容易上當(dāng)受騙了，才落入這樣的老圈套。由選項(xiàng)意思和句意可知，B選項(xiàng)符合句意。

11.單選題

Thelegalownershipofthegoods______theselleruntilthefinalpaymenthasbeenmade.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.relieson

B.consists

C.remainswith

D.fallsinto

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)relyon“依靠；依賴；憑借；信賴”；B選項(xiàng)consists“包括；組成；由；在于”；C選項(xiàng)remainwith“屬于；在；翻譯；取決于”；D選項(xiàng)fallinto“落入；陷入；陷于；河流注入”。句意：在付清全部貨款之前，貨物的所有權(quán)屬于賣方。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

12.翻譯題

舞獅是中國最廣為流傳的民間舞蹈之一。獅為百獸之首，在中國傳統(tǒng)中，獅子被視為是能帶來好運(yùn)的吉祥物(mascot)。古人將獅子視作是勇敢和力量的化身，能驅(qū)趕邪惡、保護(hù)人類。據(jù)記載，獅舞已擁有了2,000多年的歷史。在唐代，獅舞就己經(jīng)被引入了皇室，因此，舞獅成為元宵節(jié)和其他節(jié)日的習(xí)俗，人們以此來祈禱好運(yùn)、平安和幸福。

【答案】LiondanceisoneofthemostpopularfolkdancesinChina.Thelionisthekingofanimals.InChinesetradition,thelionisregardedasamascot,whichcanbringgoodluck.Theancientsawthelionastheembodimentofcourageandstrength,whichcoulddriveawayevilandprotecthumanbeings.Itisrecordedthattheliondancehasahistoryofmorethan2,000years.Inthetangdynasty,theliondancewasintroducedintotheroyalfamily.Therefore,performingtheliondanceattheLanternFestivalandotherfestiveoccasionsbecameacustomwherepeoplecouldprayforgoodluck,safetyandhappiness.

13.單選題

Ididn'tknowthework.Ihadto（）adictionary.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.referto

B.makeout

C.lookout

D.goover

【答案】D

【解析】referto涉及；makeout理解；lookout照料,小心；goover復(fù)習(xí),仔細(xì)檢查。句意：我不知道這項(xiàng)工作,我得查字典。選項(xiàng)D正確。

14.單選題

FoodanddrinkplayamajorroleinChristmascelebrationsinmostcountries,butinfewmoresothaninMexico.Manyfamiliesoverthefestiveseasonwilldolittlemorethancookandingestaseeminglyconstantcycleoftortillas,friedbeans,meatbothroastedandstewed,andstickydessertsfordaysonend.Thusdoestheextendedfamilykeeponextending—furtherandfurtherovertheircollectivewaistlines.

Luckythem,youmightthink.ExceptthatMexico’sbadeatinghabitsareleadingtoahealthcrisisthatmostMexicansseemblissfullyunawareof.Obesityanditsrelateddisorder,diabetes,arenowmajorhealthconcernsinacountrywherelargeruralregionsarestillconcernedmorewithunder-nourishmentthanwithover-nourishment.InitsperennialrivalrywiththeUnitedStates,Mexicohasatlastfoundanareainwhichitcanmatchitsnorthernneighbor—mouthfulformouthful.

Thestatisticsareimpressive,andalarming.AccordingtotheOECD,Mexicoisnowthesecondfattestnationinthatgroupof30countries.Ahealthpollin1999foundthat35%ofwomenwereoverweight,andanother24%technicallyobese,JuanRivera,anofficialattheNationalInstituteofPublicHealth,saysthatthecombinedfigureformenwouldbeabout55%,andthatasimilarpolltobecarriedoutnextyearwillshowthefatquotientrising.

OnlytheUnitedStates,withcombinedfiguresofover60%,isahead.

Thatsituationalsovariesgeographically.AlthoughMexicanspopulatethenorthoftheircountrymoresparelythanthesouth,theymakeupforitweight-wise.AStudypublishedbythePan-AmericanHealthOrganizationamonthagoshowedthatinthemostlyHispanicpopulationthatlivesoneithersideoftheAmerican-Mexicanborder,fully74%ofmenand70%ofwomenareeitheroverweightorobese.

Moreover,evenexpertshavebeensurprisedbyhowrapidlythenationhasswollen.Whereasthe1999pollshowed59%ofwomenoverweightorobese,only11yearspreviouslythatfigurewasjust33%.Nowhereisthetransformationmorenoticeablethanintheprevalenceofdiabetes,closelylinkedtoover-eatingandobesity.In1968,saysJoel,RodriguezoftheMexicanDiabetesFederation,thediseasewasin35thplaceasadirectcauseofmortalityinMexico,butnowitoccupiesfirstplace,abovebothcancerandheartdisease.Withabout6.5milliondiabeticsoutofapopulationof100million,Mexiconowhasahigherratethananyotherlargecountryintheworld.Notsurprisingly,Mr.RodriguezarguesthatMexicoisinthegripofan"epidemic".

NordoesittaxthebrainmuchtoworkoutthatthecausesoftheseexplosionsinobesityanddiabetesaretheMexicandietandalackofexercise.FormostMexicans,foodconsumption,notjustatChristmasbutallyearround,isanunvaryingcombinationofrefriedbeanstortillas,meatandrefrescos,orfizzydrinks;theyconsume101litersofcoladrinksperpersonperyear,justalittlelessthanAmericansandthreetimesasmuchasBrazilians.

Meanwhile,thelackofexercise,Mr.Riveraargues,isasymptomofrapidurbanizationoverthepast30years.Obesityanddiabetesratesremainslightlylowerinruralareas,indicatingthatmanuallaborenduresasaneffectivewaytostaveoffweightgain.InMexicoCity,though,pollutionandcrimehaveprogressivelydrivenpeopleoutoftheparksandthestreets,somostnowwalkaslittleaspossible—preferablynofortherthanfromthevalet-parkingservicetotherestaurant.Tocombatthefat,healthprofessionalssaythatthecountrymustfirstrealizethatitisindeedinthegripofanepidemic.Otherdiseases,suchasAIDsmidcancer,havecapturedmostofthepublicityinrecentyears;obesityanddiabeteshavebeencomparativelyneglected.

1.Thephrase"onend"inthefirstparagraphcanbereplacedby（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

3.Theword"perennial"inthesecondparagraphprobablymeans

（

）.

4.WhichisthemostsignificantcauseofmortalityinMexico?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.untilallbeenconsumed

B.continuously

C.upright

D.untilthelastday

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Mexicansareeatingalotbecauseofthecountry'saffluence

B.MexicanscanmatchAmericansinthenourishmentoftheirdiet

C.Mexicansonlyovereatduringfestiveseasons

D.Mexicoisnowthesecondfattestnationinthisworld

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.perpetual

B.transient

C.recurring

D.perilous

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Cancer

B.Diabetes

C.Heartdisease.

D.Obesity

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘第一段中“onend”一詞可替換為’。由第一段第二句“overthefestiveseason在節(jié)日期間”和“fordays數(shù)日”以及onend本身有“連續(xù)地；不斷地”的意思確定B選項(xiàng)“連續(xù)不斷地”可以替換嗎，正確。

2.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘根據(jù)短文，下列哪個(gè)句子是正確的?’。由第二段第二句“Obesityanditsrelateddisorder,diabetes,arenowmajorhealthconcernsinacountrywherelargeruralregionsarestillconcernedmorewithunder-nourishmentthanwithover-nourishment.肥胖及其相關(guān)疾病糖尿病目前是該國的主要健康問題，而該國廣大農(nóng)村地區(qū)仍然更關(guān)注營養(yǎng)不良，而不是營養(yǎng)過剩?！贝_定A選項(xiàng)“墨西哥人吃很多是因?yàn)樵搰母辉！迸c原文不符，排除；C選項(xiàng)“墨西哥人只是在節(jié)日期間吃得過多”在文中沒有提及，排除；第三段第二句“Mexicoisnowthesecondfattestnationinthatgroupof30countries.墨西哥現(xiàn)在是（OECD）30個(gè)國家中第二肥胖的國家”確定D項(xiàng)“墨西哥現(xiàn)在是世界上第二肥胖的國家”錯(cuò)誤，范圍錯(cuò)誤，排除；由第二段最后一句“InitsperennialrivalrywiththeUnitedStates,Mexicohasatlastfoundanareainwhichitcanmatchitsnorthernneighbor-mouthfulformouthful.在與美國的長期競爭中，墨西哥終于找到了一個(gè)可以與它的北方鄰國旗鼓相當(dāng)大口大口的吃?！蓖茢嗄鞲绾兔绹娘嬍沉?xí)慣相似；而第三段講到墨西哥是OECD第二大肥胖的國家，美國位居第一；所以綜合考慮確定B選項(xiàng)“墨西哥人在飲食的營養(yǎng)供給上比得上美國人”符合文意，正確。

3.詞匯題。題干詢問‘第二段中“perennial”一詞可能是指…’。A選項(xiàng)perpetual“長期的；不斷的；無期限的”；B選項(xiàng)recurring“循環(huán)的；再發(fā)的”；C選項(xiàng)transient“短暫的；路過的”；D選項(xiàng)perilous“危險(xiǎn)的，冒險(xiǎn)的”。找到第二段中單詞所在的原句子“Mexicohasatlastfoundanareainwhichitcanmatchitsnorthernneighbor—mouthfulformouthful.在它與美國的perennial競爭中，墨西哥最后發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)它能與它北部的鄰居相比的領(lǐng)域，即食量?！备鶕?jù)句意和上一題可推斷perennial的意思為“長期的”，所以A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘墨西哥最重要的死亡原因是什么?’。由第五段第三句“Nowhereisthetransformationmorenoticeablethanintheprevalenceofdiabetes,closelylinkedtoover-eatingandobesity.In1968,thediseasewasin35thplaceasadirectcauseofmortalityinMexico,butnowitoccupiesfirstplace,abovebothcancerandheartdisease.這種轉(zhuǎn)變在糖尿病的流行上最為明顯，糖尿病與暴飲暴食和肥胖密切相關(guān)。1968年，這種疾病是墨西哥第35位的直接死亡原因，但現(xiàn)在它占據(jù)了首位，超過了癌癥和心臟病?！彼訠選項(xiàng)“糖尿病”正確。

15.單選題

ArecurringcriticismoftheUK’suniversitysectorisitsperceivedweaknessintranslatingnewknowledgeintonewproductsandservices.

Recently,theUKNationalStemCellNetworkwarnedtheUKcouldloseitsplaceamongtheworldleadersinsterncellresearchunlessadequatefundingandlegislationcouldbeassured.Weshouldtakethisconcernseriouslyasuniversitiesarekeysinthenationalinnovationsystem.

However,wedohavetochallengetheunthinkingcomplaintthatthesectordoesnotdoenoughintakingideastomarket.ThemostrecentcomparativedataontheperformanceofuniversitiesandresearchinstitutionsinAustralia,Canada,USAandUKshowsthat,fromarelativelyweakstartingposition,theUKnowleadsonmanyindicatorsofcommercializationactivity.

Whenviewedatthenationallevel,thepolicyinterventionsofthepastdecadehavehelpedtransformtheperformanceofUKuniversities.EvidencesuggeststheUK’spositionismuchstrongerthanintherecentpastandisstillshowingimprovement.Butnationaldate,askstheverylargevariationintheperformanceofindividualuniversities.Theevidenceshowsthatalargenumberofuniversitieshavefallenoffthebackofthepack,afewperformstronglyandtherestchasetheleaders.

ThistypeofunevendistributionisnotpeculiartotheUKandmirroredacrossothereconomic.IntheUK,researchisconcentrate;lessthan25%ofuniversitiesreceive75%oftheresearchfunding.ThesesameuniversitiesarealsotheinstitutionsproducingthegreatestshareofPhDgraduates,sciencecitations,patentsandlicenseincome.Theeffectofpoliciesgeneratinglong-termresourceconcentrationhavealsocreatedadistinctivesetofuniversitieswhichareresearch-ledandcommerciallyactive.Itseemsclearthattheconcentrationofresearchandcommercializationworkcreatesdifferencesbetweenuniversities.

Thecoreobjectiveforuniversitieswhichareresearch-ledmustbetomaximizetheimpactoftheirresearchefforts.Theseuniversitiesshouldbegeneratingthewidestrangeofsocialeconomicandenvironmentalbenefits.Inreturnforthescaleofinvestmenttheyshouldsharetheirexpertiseinordertobuildgreaterconfidenceinthesector.

PartoftheeconomicrecoveryoftheUKwillbedrivenbythenextgenerationofresearchcommercializationspillingoutofouruniversities.TherearethreedozenuniversitiesintheUKwhichareactivelyengagedinadvancedresearchtrainingandcommercializationwork.

Iftherewasagreatercoordinationoftechnologytransferofficeswithinregionsandasimultaneousinvestmentinthescaleandfunctionsofourgraduateschools,universitiescould,andshould,playakeyroleinpositioningtheUKforthenextgrowthcycle.

1.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofUKuniversitiesintermsofcommercialization?

2.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthenationaldataonUKuniversities’performanceincommercialization?

3.WecaninferfromParagraph5that“policyinterventions”refersto（

）.

4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestresearch-leduniversitiesdo?

5.HowcantheuniversitysectorplayakeyroleintheUK’seconomicgrowth?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Theyfailtoconvertknowledgeintomoney.

B.Theydonotregarditastheirresponsibility.

C.Theystillhaveaplaceamongtheworldleaders.

D.Theyhavelosttheirleadingpositioninmanyways.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Itmasksthefatalweaknessesofgovernmentpolicy.

B.ItdoesnotrankUKuniversitiesinascientificway.

C.Itdoesnotreflectthedifferencesamonguniversities.

D.Itindicatestheirineffectiveuseofgovernmentresources.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.governmentaidtonon-research-orienteduniversities

B.compulsorycooperationbetweenuniversitiesandindustries

C.fairdistributionoffundingforuniversitiesandresearchinstitutions

D.concentrationofresourcesinalimitednumberofuniversities

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Publicizetheirresearchtowininternationalrecognition.

B.Fullyutilizetheirresearchtobenefitallsectorsofsociety.

C.Generouslysharetheirfacilitieswiththoseshortoffunds.

D.Spreadtheirinfluenceamongtopresearchinstitutions.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Byestablishingmoreregionaltechnologytransferoffices.

B.Byaskingthegovernmenttoinvestintechnologytransferresearch

C.Bypromotingtechnologytransferandgraduateschooleducation.

D.Byincreasingtheefficiencyoftechnologytransferagencies.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第三段，“…fromarelativelyweakstartingposition,theUKnowleadsonmanyindicatorsofcommercializationactivity.”，可知英國從一個(gè)相對較弱的起點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)在在許多商業(yè)化活動(dòng)的指標(biāo)上處于領(lǐng)先地位?？膳袛喑鲈谧髡呖磥碛髮W(xué)的商業(yè)化在世界上仍然在世界上有一席之地，處于領(lǐng)先地位。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“EvidencesuggeststheUK’spositionismuchstrongerthanintherecentpastandisstillshowingimprovement.Butnationaldate,askstheverylargevariationintheperformanceofindividualuniversities.”，可知有證據(jù)表明，英國大學(xué)的地位比過去要穩(wěn)定得多，而且仍在改善。但全國數(shù)據(jù)并沒有反映出各所大學(xué)存在的巨大差異。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

3.詞義理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句，“thepolicyinterventionsofthepastdecadehavehelpedtransformtheperformanceofUKuniversities.”，可知過去10年的政策干預(yù)改變了英國大學(xué)，然后在下文提及了各個(gè)大學(xué)存在巨大的差異。第五段主要對這種分配不平均的現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步闡述，這種現(xiàn)象不僅發(fā)生在英國，，也存在于其他國家。又根據(jù)文章第五段，“Theeffectofpoliciesgeneratinglong-termresourceconcentrationhavealsocreatedadistinctivesetofuniversitieswhichareresearch-ledandcommerciallyactive.”，可知政策主導(dǎo)的長期資源集中化也造就了一批獨(dú)特的大學(xué)，它們以研究為主導(dǎo)，并且商業(yè)化?？膳袛喑鰌olicyinterventions就是指資源集中的政策。因此現(xiàn)象D符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第六段，“Thecoreobjectiveforuniversitieswhichareresearch-ledmustbetomaximizetheimpactoftheirresearchefforts.Theseuniversitiesshouldbegeneratingthewidestrangeofsocialeconomicandenvironmentalbenefits.”，可知以研究為主導(dǎo)的大學(xué)的核心目標(biāo)必須是最大限度地發(fā)揮其研究的影響。這些大學(xué)應(yīng)該為社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境各方面帶來效益?？膳袛喑鲞@些研究型大學(xué)應(yīng)該充分利用他們的研究成果造福于社會(huì)。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Iftherewasagreatercoordinationoftechnologytransferofficeswithinregionsandasimultaneousinvestmentinthescaleandfunctionsofourgraduateschools,universitiescould,andshould,playakeyroleinpositioningtheUKforthenextgrowthcycle.”，可知如果各區(qū)域內(nèi)的技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)移部門更有效的協(xié)調(diào)，同時(shí)加大研究生規(guī)模和功能的投資，大學(xué)應(yīng)該能在英國下一輪經(jīng)濟(jì)增長中發(fā)揮關(guān)鍵作用?？膳袛喑鲎髡哒J(rèn)為英國的大學(xué)可以通過促進(jìn)技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)移和投資研究生院教育在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長中發(fā)揮作用。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

16.單選題

Wantaglimpseofthefutureofhealthcare?Takealookatthewaythevariousnetworksofpeopleinvolvedinpatientcarearebeingconnectedtooneanother:andhowthisnewconnectivityisbeingexploitedtodelivermedicinetothepatient—nomatterwhereheorshemaybe.

Onlinedoctorsofferingadvicebasedonstandardizedsymptomsarethemostobviousexample.Increasingly,however,remotediagnosis(telemedicine)willbebasedonrealphysiologicaldatafromtheactualpatient.AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusinganoff-the-shelfPDA(personaldataassistance)suchasaPalmPilotplusamobilephone,itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone.Withthiskindofequipmentinafirst-aidkit,thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast.

Othermedicaltechnologygroupsareworkingonapplyingtelemedicinetoruralcare.Andatleastoneteamwantstousetelemedicineasatoolfordisasterresponse—especiallyafterearthquakes.Overall,thetrendistowardsprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldataandexpertise.

Butthereisoneproblem.BandwidthisthelimitingfactorfortransmittingcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworldCTscansbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers.Communicationssatellitesmaybeabletocopewiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasterssuchasearthquakes,warsorfamines.Butmedicineislookingtowardsboththesecond-generationInternetandthird-generationmobilephonesforthefutureofdistributedmedicalintelligence.

Doctorshavemettodiscusscomputer-basedtoolsformedicaldiagnosis,trainingandtelemedicine.Withthefallingpriceofbroadbandcommunications,thenewtechnologiesshouldusherinanerawhentelemedicineandthesharingofmedicalinformation,expertopinionanddiagnosisarecommon.

46.Thebasisofremotediagnosiswillbe______.

47.TheSentence“thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast”means______.

48.Allthefollowingstatementsaretrueexceptthat______.

49.Theword“problem”inthefourthparagraphreferstothefactthat______.

50.Apropertitleforthepassagemaybe______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.standardizedsymptomsofapatient

B.personaldataassistance

C.transmittedcomplexmedicalimages

D.realphysiologicaldatafromapatient

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.nowpeopleprobablywouldnotaskifthereisadoctorinthehouse

B.patientsusedtocryandaskiftherewasadoctorinthehouse

C.inthepastpeopleoftencriedandaskediftherewasadoctorinthehouse

D.patientsarenowstillaskingifthereisadoctorinthehouse

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itisnowfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsovertelephone

B.floodisnotamongthedisastersmentionedinthepassage

C.thetrendinapplyingtelemedicineistowardprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldata

D.telemedicineisbeingusedbymanymedicalteamsasatoolfordisasterresponse

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.therearenotenoughmobilephonesfordistributingmedicalintelligence

B.CTscansareoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers

C.bandwidthisnotadequatetotransmitcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworld

D.communicationssatellitescanonlycopewiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasters

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ImprovementinCommunications

B.TheInlineDoctorIsIn

C.ApplicationofTelemedicine

D.HowtoMakeRemoteDiagnosis

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:C

第5題:C

【解析】46.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“遠(yuǎn)程診斷的基礎(chǔ)將是……”。第二段的第二句話提到Increasingly,however,remotediagnosis(telemedicine)willbebasedonrealphysiologicaldatafromtheactualpatient.（然而，越來越多的遠(yuǎn)程診斷（遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療）將基于實(shí)際患者的真實(shí)生理數(shù)據(jù)），由此可知，遠(yuǎn)程診斷的基礎(chǔ)是患者的真實(shí)生理數(shù)據(jù)，因此D項(xiàng)“病人真實(shí)的生理數(shù)據(jù)”正確；A項(xiàng)“病人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化癥狀”，第二段第一句話提到Onlinedoctorsofferingadvicebasedonstandardizedsymptomsarethemostobviousexample.（網(wǎng)上醫(yī)生根據(jù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化癥狀提供建議就是最明顯的例子），由此可知根據(jù)病人標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化癥狀診斷的是網(wǎng)上醫(yī)生，而不是遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療；B項(xiàng)“個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備”，第二段第三句提到AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusinganoff-the-shelfPDA(personaldataassistance)suchasaPalmPilotplusamobilephone,itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone（肯塔基大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究小組已經(jīng)證明，通過使用現(xiàn)成的PDA（個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備），如掌上電腦和移動(dòng)電話，通過電話傳輸病人的生命體征是完全可行的），由此可知，個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備是用來傳輸病人生命體征，只是一種傳輸途徑而已，這與題干的問題沒有干系；C項(xiàng)“傳輸復(fù)雜的醫(yī)學(xué)圖像”，倒數(shù)第二段第二句提到BandwidthisthelimitingfactorfortransmittingcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworldCTscansbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers.（帶寬是在世界各地傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像的限制因素，CT掃描是最大的帶寬消耗之一），這里只是提到了帶寬限制了傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像，沒有提到傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖是遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療的基礎(chǔ)，所以不選。故該題選D。

47.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast這句話的意思是……”。根據(jù)題干定位到文章第二段AgroupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusinganoff-the-shelfPDA(personaldataassistance)suchasaPalmPilotplusamobilephone,itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone.Withthiskindofequipmentinafirst-aidkit,thecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast.（肯塔基大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究小組已經(jīng)證明，通過使用現(xiàn)成的PDA（個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)輔助設(shè)備），如掌上電腦和移動(dòng)電話，通過電話傳輸病人的生命體征是完全可行的。由于急救箱里有這樣的設(shè)備，家里是否有醫(yī)生的要求可能已經(jīng)成為過去。），由此可知，隨著遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)藥的應(yīng)用，醫(yī)生和病人不需要在同一個(gè)地方才能進(jìn)行醫(yī)學(xué)救治，因此要求醫(yī)生在現(xiàn)場已經(jīng)成為了過去式；我們這里的cry表示“需求，要求”。A項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在人們可能不會(huì)問家里有沒有醫(yī)生”符合題意；B項(xiàng)“病人常?？拗鴨柤依镉袥]有醫(yī)生”和C項(xiàng)“在過去，人們經(jīng)?？拗鴨柤依镉袥]有醫(yī)生”中，cry理解錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“病人現(xiàn)在還在問房子里是否有醫(yī)生”，原文已經(jīng)提到要求醫(yī)生在場是過去式了，所以該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故該題選A。

48.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“下面所有的陳述都是正確的，除了……”。A項(xiàng)“現(xiàn)在通過電話傳送病人的生命體征是可行的”，文中第二段第三句提到itisperfectlyfeasibletotransmitapatient’svitalsignsoverthetelephone（通過電話傳輸病人的生命體征是完全可行的），因此A項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)“洪水不在文中提到的災(zāi)難之列”，第四段第三句提到Communicationssatellitesmaybeabletocopewiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasterssuchasearthquakes,warsorfamines.（通信衛(wèi)星可能能夠應(yīng)付諸如地震、戰(zhàn)爭或饑荒等災(zāi)害期間的短期需求），由此可知，文中只是提及了震后，戰(zhàn)爭和災(zāi)荒的應(yīng)急，確實(shí)沒有發(fā)洪水，因此B項(xiàng)正確。C項(xiàng)“應(yīng)用遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療的趨勢是提供醫(yī)療數(shù)據(jù)的全球訪問”，第三段最后一句提到Overall,thetrendistowardsprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldataandexpertise.（總的來說，趨勢是向全球提供醫(yī)療數(shù)據(jù)和專業(yè)知識(shí)），由此可知C項(xiàng)也正確。D項(xiàng)“許多醫(yī)療小組正在使用遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療作為災(zāi)害應(yīng)對的一種工具”，根據(jù)第三段第二句Andatleastoneteamwantstousetelemedicineasatoolfordisasterresponse—especiallyafterearthquakes.（至少有一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)希望將遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療作為一種災(zāi)難應(yīng)對工具——尤其是在地震之后）可知，文中只是說有醫(yī)學(xué)小組在嘗試這一舉動(dòng)，而非成熟到可以被應(yīng)用，所以該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故該題選D。

49.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“第四段中的‘problem’指的是一個(gè)……事實(shí)”。根據(jù)題干定位到第四段前兩句Butthereisoneproblem.BandwidthisthelimitingfactorfortransmittingcomplexmedicalimagesaroundtheworldCTscansbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthconsumers.（但有一個(gè)問題。帶寬是在世界各地傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像的限制因素，CT掃描是最大的帶寬消耗之一），由此可知這個(gè)問題指的是帶寬限制了傳輸復(fù)雜醫(yī)學(xué)圖像；所以C項(xiàng)“帶寬不足以在全世界傳輸復(fù)雜的醫(yī)學(xué)圖像”符合題意；A項(xiàng)“沒有足夠的移動(dòng)電話來分發(fā)醫(yī)療情報(bào)”沒有提到；B項(xiàng)“CT掃描是最大的帶寬消耗之一”，這只是帶寬的限制性因素之一，不夠全面，所以B項(xiàng)不選；D項(xiàng)“通信衛(wèi)星只能應(yīng)付災(zāi)害期間的短期需求”，這只是講述現(xiàn)在的實(shí)際情況，而不是問題，所以該項(xiàng)不選。故該題選C。

50.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章恰當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)題會(huì)是……”。全文講述的主要是遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療將取代過去醫(yī)生和病人必須同時(shí)在場的方式成為新的保健醫(yī)療的方式，并介紹了遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療的具體應(yīng)用和前景；因此C項(xiàng)“遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療的應(yīng)用”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“改善通信”，這只是遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療應(yīng)用的一部分；所以不選；B項(xiàng)“在線醫(yī)生”，文章不是討論在線醫(yī)生，所以不選；D項(xiàng)“如何遠(yuǎn)程診斷”，這也只是遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療應(yīng)用的一部分，比較片面，故不選。因此，該題選C。

17.單選題

Thepalmtreelookedasifit（

）foralongtime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.hasn’twatered

B.didn’twater

C.hadn’tbeenwatered

D.wasn’twatered

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。Asif引導(dǎo)一個(gè)表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣的句子。主語的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)，因此虛擬語氣的謂語動(dòng)詞要用過去完成時(shí)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

18.單選題

____thesightofthepoliceofficers,themenranoff.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.In

B.At

C.On

D.With

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定搭配。atthesightof…相當(dāng)于onseeing...指一看見...就...。句意：那些人一看見警察就跑了。inthesightofsb.指在某人看來,不符合句意。所以本題選B。

19.單選題

Themedicine（

）hispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.activated

B.mediated

C.alleviated

D.deteriorated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。activate意為“使活動(dòng)，觸發(fā)”；mediate意為“調(diào)解，調(diào)?！?；alleviate意為“減輕，緩和”；deteriorate意為“使惡化”。

句意：藥物緩解了他的疼痛，但并沒有治愈他的疾病。

20.單選題

Thisyoungman,（）withacravingformaterialisticgratification,caresaboutnothingbutmoney.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.obsessed

B.negotiated

C.compromised

D.provided

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)obsessed“著迷，糾纏”；B選項(xiàng)negotiated“談判，協(xié)商”；C選項(xiàng)compromised“妥協(xié)，連累”；D選項(xiàng)provided“提供，給予”。句意：這個(gè)年輕人，_____追求物質(zhì)上的滿足，除了錢什么都不關(guān)心?？疾榱斯潭ù钆鋙bsesswith“癡迷于某事”，而這里也是說的年輕人癡迷于物質(zhì)，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

21.翻譯題

AsanecologicalapproachtoTranslationStudies,Eco-translatologyviewstranslationasanentiretranslationaleco-system,andfocusesontherelationshipbetweenthetranslatorandthistranslationaleco-environment.Atranslationaleco-environmentisconstruedasahighlyintegratedentitythatcomprisestheactualtext,theculturalcontextandthehumanagents,aswellasothertangibleandintangibleingredients.InEco-translatology,translationactivitiesaredescribedandinterpretedintermsofsuchecologicalprinciplesasholism,relevance,dynamics,balanceandharmony,togetherwithecologicalaesthetics.SomeelementsofclassicalChineseorOrientalphilosophiesandculturalquintessenceareprojectedinthisnascentapproach.

【答案】作為翻譯學(xué)研究的一種生態(tài)方法，生態(tài)翻譯學(xué)把翻譯看成是一個(gè)完整的翻譯生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，非常注重譯者與翻譯生態(tài)環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系。翻譯生態(tài)環(huán)境被看作是一個(gè)有實(shí)際文本、文化語境和人類構(gòu)成的高度集成的實(shí)體，并且其中還包含其他一些有形和無形的成分。在生態(tài)翻譯學(xué)中，翻譯活動(dòng)就是根據(jù)這些生態(tài)原則來描述和闡釋的，比如整體論、相關(guān)性、動(dòng)態(tài)論、平衡性、協(xié)調(diào)性，還有生態(tài)美學(xué)等。一些中國古典文學(xué)、東方哲學(xué)乃至文化精髓的因素都可以在這種新的方法中折射出來。

22.單選題

Althoughhethoughthewashelpingustopreparethedinner,hewasactually（）theway.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.off

C.by

D.on

【答案】A

【解析】句意:雖然他以為他是在幫我們準(zhǔn)備晚餐，但實(shí)際上他是在幫倒忙。

考查短語辨析。Intheway妨礙，擋道；offtheway遠(yuǎn)離正道;bytheway順便說一下；ontheway在…途中。根據(jù)前半句句意“雖然他以為他是在幫我們準(zhǔn)備晚餐”可知A符合句意，這里可以理解為“幫倒忙”。

23.填空題

"Opinion"isawordthatisusedcarelesslytoday.Itisusedtorefertomattersoftaste（1）,andjudgment.Thiscasualusewouldprobablycauselittleconfusionifpeopledidn't（2）toomuchimportancetoopinion.Unfortunately,mostdoattachgreatimportance（3）it."Ihaveasmuchrighttomyopinionasyout