考研考博-英語-新疆輕工職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-新疆輕工職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.翻譯題

Formethemostinterestingthingaboutasolitarylife,andminehasbeenthatfortheblasttwentyyears,isthatitbecomesincreasinglyrewarding.WhenIcanwakeupandwatchthesunrisesovertheocean,asIdomostdays,andknowthatIhaveanentiredayahead,uninterrupted,inwhichtowriteafewpages,takeawalkwithmydog,readandlistentomusic,Iamfloodedwithhappiness.

IamlonelywhenIamovertired,whenIhaveworkedtoolongwithoutabreak,whenforthetimebeingIfeelemptyandneedfillingup.AndIamlonelysometimeswhenIcomebackhomeafteralecturetrip,whenIhaveseenalotofpeopleandtalkedalot,andamfulltothebrimwithexperiencethatneedstobesortedout.

Thenforawhilethehousefeelshugeandempty,andIwonderwheremyselfishiding.Ithastoberecapturedslowlybywateringtheplantsand,perhaps,bylookingagainateachoneasthoughitwasaperson.

Ittakesawhile,asIwatchthesurfblowingupinfountains,butthemomentcomeswhentheworldfallsaway,andtheselfemergesagainfromthedeepunconscious,bringingbackallIhaverecentlyexperiencedtobeexploredandslowlyunderstood.

【答案】對我來說，獨(dú)自生活最有趣的事情是生活變得越來越有價(jià)值，我已經(jīng)這樣獨(dú)自生活了二十年。正如我大多數(shù)日子做的那樣，當(dāng)我醒來，看著太陽從海平面升起，我已經(jīng)提前知道了這一整天（的計(jì)劃），不會(huì)被打攪，寫幾頁文字，和我的狗散步，讀讀書，聽聽音樂，我充滿了幸福。

當(dāng)我過度勞累、長時(shí)間不間斷地工作或者一時(shí)感到空虛需要充實(shí)時(shí)，我就會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)。有時(shí)，當(dāng)我結(jié)束了演講之旅回到家中，我會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)，因?yàn)槲乙娏撕芏嗳?，說了很多話，心里充滿了需要整理的經(jīng)歷。

之后有那么一段時(shí)間，我覺得房子又大又空，不知道自己藏在了哪里。我只得給植物澆澆水，或許再像看人一樣，看看它們的千姿百態(tài)，慢慢地找回自我。

有那么一小會(huì)兒，我看著那噴泉里飛濺的浪花，但當(dāng)世界逐漸消失時(shí)，那一刻就來臨了，自我又從潛意識(shí)的深處再次浮現(xiàn)，帶著這幾天的經(jīng)歷去探究，然后慢慢領(lǐng)悟。

2.單選題

Amagician’stalkcreatesa（）ofattentionsothatpeopledonotseehowhedoeshistricks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vacuum

B.concentration

C.division

D.diversion

【答案】D

【解析】vacuum真空；concentration集中；division區(qū)分；diversion轉(zhuǎn)移，分散注意力。句意：魔術(shù)師的談話轉(zhuǎn)移了人們的注意力，使人們看不見他是如何表演魔術(shù)的。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

3.單選題

NorrishasdecidedtoforsomeeveningclassnextthemnowthathehassettleddowninNewYork.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.enroll

B.enlist

C.engage

D.enter

【答案】A

【解析】查短語搭配。A選項(xiàng)enrollv.參加，注冊，登記；B選項(xiàng)enlistv.謀取，征募，使入伍；C選項(xiàng)engagev.從事，答應(yīng)，保證，訂婚；D選項(xiàng)enterv.進(jìn)入，開始，增加。由句意可知，既然Norris現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在紐約定居下來，那么他打算下學(xué)期報(bào)名參加一些晚上的課。因此，正確答案為A。

4.單選題

Globalizationisaphenomenonandarevolution.Itissweepingtheworldwithincreasingspeedandchangingthegloballandscapeintosomethingnewanddifferent.Yet,likeallsuchtrends,itsmeaning,development,andimpactpuzzlemany.Wetalkaboutglobalizationandexperienceitseffects,butfewofusreallyunderstandtheforcesthatareatworkintheglobalpoliticaleconomy.

Whenpeopleusetheircellphones,logontotheInternet,vieweventsfromaroundtheworldonlivetelevision,andexperiencevaryingculturesintheirownbackyards,theybegintobelievethatthisprocessofglobalizationisagoodthingthatwillbringavarietyofnewandsophisticatedchangestopeople’slives.Manyaspectsofthistechnologicalrevolutionbringfun,ease,andsophisticationtopeople’sdailylives.Yettheanti-WorldTradeOrganization(WTO)protestsinSeattle,Washingtonin1999andWashington,D.C.in2000aregraphicillustrationsofthefactthatnoteveryonebelievesthatglobalizationisagoodthing.ManyAmericanswhohavefeltleftoutoftheglobaleconomicboom,aswellasLatinAmericans,Africans,andAsianswhofeelthattheirjobskillsandabilitiesarebeingexploitedbymultinationalcorporations(MNCs)inaglobaldivisionoflabor,believethatthissystemdoesnotmeettheirneeds.LocalculturesthatbelievethatWal-MartandMcDonald’sbringingculturalchangeandharmratherthaninexpensiveproductsandconveniencecriticizetheprocess.Inthisway,globalization,likeallrevolutionaryforces,polarizespeople,altersthefabricoftheirlives,andcreatesriftswithinandbetweenpeople.

ManyintheWest,alongwiththeprominentandeliteamongMNCs,educators,andpolicymakers,seemtohaveembracedglobalization.Theyarguethatithelpstostreamlineeconomicsystems,disciplineslaborandmanagement,bringsforthnewtechnologiesandideas,andfuelseconomicgrowth.TheypointtotherelativeprosperityofmanyWesterncountriesandarguethatthisisproofofglobalization’spositiveeffects.Theyseelittleoftheproblemsthecriticsidentify.Infact,thosewhorecognizesomestructuralproblemsinthesystemarguethatdespitetheseissues,globalizationislikeacrossthedevelopingworld,viewglobalizationasaneconomicandculturalwavethattearsatthefabricofcenturies-oldsocieties.Theyseejobsemergingdisappearinginamatterofmonths,peoplemovingacrossthelandscapeinrecordnumbers,elitesamassinghugefortuneswhilelocalculturesandtraditionsaresweptaway,andlocalyouthbeingseducedbypromisesofAmericanmaterialwealthanddistancedfromtheirownculturalroots.Thesecriticslookpasttheallureofglobalizationandfocusonthedisquietingimpactofrapidandsystem-widechange.

Theironyofsuchafar-rangingandrapidhistoricalprocesssuchasglobalizationisthatbothproponentsandcriticsmayberight.Therealitiesofglobalizationarebothintriguingandalarming.Astechnologyandtheglobalinfrastructureexpand,ideas,methods,andservicesaredevelopedanddisseminatedtogreaterandgreaternumbersofpeople.Asaresult,societiesandvaluesarealtered,someforthebetterandothersfortheworse.

1.Theauthorcomplainsthat（）.

2.Theanti-worldTradeOrganizationprotestsindicatethat（）.

3.Likeallrevolutionaryforces,theprocessofglobalization（）.

4.Proponentsofglobalizationsingitspraisesonthebasisof（）.

5.Tocritics,theworstthingthatglobalizationhasbroughttousis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fewofushaveaclearideaabouttheforcesbehindglobalpoliticaleconomy

B.globalizationisnowsweepingtheworldwithincreasingspeed

C.wearepuzzledbythetruemeaningofglobalization

D.toomanypeopleusecellphonestologontotheInternet

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.manypeoplefeelthattheyhavebeenleftout

B.theprocessofglobalizationbringsmorethanfun,easeandentertainment

C.noteveryoneisconvincedthatglobalizationisagoodthing

D.theendofglobalizationhasbecomemoregraphic

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.bringsinexpensiveproducts

B.createsdisagreementsbetweenpeople

C.leadstoculturalchangeandharm

D.artificesthelivesofpeople

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.newtechnologiesandideas

B.changingeconomicsystemsandmanagement

C.relativeprosperityofWesterncountries

D.thisinevitabletideofhistory

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thepromisesofAmericanmaterialwealth

B.therapidchangeinsocialsystem

C.thedisappearanceoflocalculturesandtraditions

D.theconstantmovementofpeopleacrossthelandscape

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段最后一句“butfewofusreallyunderstandtheforcesthatareatworkintheglobalpoliticaleconomy.”但很少有人真正了解在全球政治經(jīng)濟(jì)中起作用的力量。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“theanti-worldTradeOrganization”定位到第二段第三句“Yettheanti-WorldTradeOrganization(WTO)...thefactthatnoteveryonebelievesthatglobalizationisagoodthing.”反世貿(mào)組織的抗議活動(dòng)表明并非所有人都認(rèn)為全球化是一件好事。選項(xiàng)C與原文表述一致。

3.根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Inthisway,globalization,likeallrevolutionaryforces,polarizespeople,altersthefabricoftheirlives,andcreatesriftswithinandbetweenpeople.”全球化就像所有的革命力量一樣，使人民兩極分化，改變他們的生活結(jié)構(gòu)，并在人們內(nèi)部以及人與人之間制造裂痕。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.根據(jù)第三段第三句“TheypointtotherelativeprosperityofmanyWesterncountriesandarguethatthisisproofofglobalization’spositiveeffects.”他們指出，許多西方國家的相對繁榮證明了全球化的積極影響。選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Thesecriticslookpasttheallureofglobalizationandfocusonthedisquietingimpactofrapidandsystem-widechange.”批評(píng)人士認(rèn)為，快速的、全系統(tǒng)的社會(huì)變革帶來了令人不安的影響。也就是說，全球化導(dǎo)致了社會(huì)制度的迅速變化，使人們感到不安，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.單選題

Apersonwithhishead-in-the-cloudsisadreamer;（

）mindisnotintherealworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.that

C.whose

D.ofwhom

【答案】C

【解析】考查非限制性定語從句的用法。前后各有謂語動(dòng)詞部分，因此空格處需要填入關(guān)聯(lián)詞。后半句空格后是名詞mind，是主語的一部分，因此只能填入C選項(xiàng)whose修飾，后半句是由whose引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞dreamer，整句句意：想入非非的人是夢想家，他的意識(shí)并不存在于現(xiàn)實(shí)世界中。

6.單選題

Rightinthemiddleofthemayor'sspeechthatbroughtforthvariousreasonsfortherecentsharpriseinprices,anangryvoicewasheardinthecrowd,“thegovernment（

）hanged!”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.is

B.was

C.be

D.were

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意：在市長的演講期間，他提出了價(jià)格最近急劇上漲的原因。人群中傳來憤怒的聲音：“政府應(yīng)該被絞死”。此處考查的是省略了should的虛擬語氣,因此后面要用be，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

7.單選題

Itiseasytocomplicatethings,toindulgein“somethingtodo”or“somethingtothinkabout”insteadofstillingthemonkey-mind,findingthefutilityofcontrivedactionwhichleadsonlytoseparation,hardness,ethics,self-righteousness,andultimatestrife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.flux

B.paradox

C.conformity

D.uselessness

【答案】D

【解析】句意：人們很容易把事情復(fù)雜化，沉迷于“要做的事”或“想的事”，而不是擯棄浮躁的心態(tài)，發(fā)現(xiàn)人的那些做作行為是徒勞的，只會(huì)導(dǎo)致分離、冷酷、道德、自以為是和最終的沖突。劃線詞futility表明thecontrivedaction的一種性質(zhì)，而這種“做作的行為”后有定語從句修飾，表示它們只會(huì)帶來不好的結(jié)果，futility也應(yīng)表示不好的現(xiàn)象。A選項(xiàng)flux“流量”；B選項(xiàng)paradox“悖論”；C選項(xiàng)conformity“一致”；D選項(xiàng)uselessness“誤用，無效”。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，D選項(xiàng)色彩十分明確，符合句意，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Idon’tsmokenow,butIused（

）whenIwasyoung.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.to

B.todo

C.toit

D.todoingit

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我現(xiàn)在不抽煙了，但是我年輕的時(shí)候常常抽煙。

固定搭配。usedtodo過去常常;be/getusedtosth./doingsth.習(xí)慣于…。因此B符合句意。

9.單選題

Ifthereistheneedtocompeteinacrowd,tobattle（）theedgethesureststrategyistodeveloptheunexpected.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.on

B.for

C.against

D.with

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如果需要在人群中競爭，那么為優(yōu)勢競爭最可靠的策略就是開發(fā)出意想不到的東西。on在…上；for為了:against反對；with和。此處句意表示“為優(yōu)勢競爭”，故選B。

10.單選題

MarkMoore,directoroftheNorthwestWeather,warnedskiersofthedeadlyavalanchesthathave_______themountainsofWashingtonstate,killingninepeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pummeled

B.elaborated

C.executed

D.alleged

【答案】A

【解析】pummel擊,打;elaborate詳細(xì)描述;execute執(zhí)行,處死;allege宣稱,斷言。句意：西北氣象局局長MarkMoore警告滑雪者,致命的雪崩襲擊了華盛頓州的山區(qū),造成9人死亡。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

11.單選題

Wehavetakenallthe（）wecanagainstthepaintingbeingstolen.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.precautions

B.admissions

C.concessions

D.transactions

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)precautions“預(yù)防措施”；B選項(xiàng)admissions“許可”；C選項(xiàng)concessions“讓步”；D選項(xiàng)transactions“交易”。句意：我們已采取了一切可能的預(yù)防措施以防那幅畫被盜。本句表示采取預(yù)防措施。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

12.單選題

Inthelast12yearstotalemploymentintheUnitedStatesgrewfasterthanatanytimeinthepeacetimehistoryofanycountry—from82to110millionbetween1973and1985—thatis,byafullonethird.Theentiregrowth,however,wasinmanufacturing,andespeciallyinnon-blue-collarjobs.

Thistrendisthesameinalldevelopedcountries,andis,indeed,evenmorepronouncedinJapan.Itisthereforehighlyprobablethatin25yearsdevelopedcountriessuchastheUnitedStatesandJapanwillemploynolargeraproportionofthelaborforceinmanufacturingthandevelopedcountriesnowemployinfarming—atmost,10percent.TodaytheUnitedStatesemploysaround18millionpeopleinblue-collarjobsinmanufacturingindustries.By2010,thenumberislikelytobenomorethan12million.Insomemajorindustriesthedropwillbeevensharper.Itisquiteunrealistic,forinstance,toexpectthattheAmericanautomobileindustrywillemploymorethanone-thirdofitspresentblue-collarforce25yearshence,eventhoughproductionmightbe50percenthigher.

Ifacompany,anindustryoracountrydoesnotinthenextquartercenturysharplyincreasemanufacturingproductionandatthesametimesharplyreducetheblue-collarworkforce,itcannothopetoremaincompetitive—oreventoremain“developed.”Theattempttopreservesuchblue-collarjobsisactuallyaprescriptionforunemployment.

ThisisnotaconclusionthatAmericanpoliticians,laborleadersorindeedthegeneralpubliccaneasilyunderstandoraccept.WhatconfusestheissueevenmoreisthattheUnitedStalesisexperiencingseveralseparateanddifferentshiftsinthemanufacturingeconomy.Oneistheaccelerationofthesubstitutionofknowledgeandcapitalformanuallabor.Wherewespokeofmechanizationafewdecadesago,wenowspeakof“robotization”or“automation”.Thisisactuallymoreachangeinterminologythanachangeinreality.WhenHenryFordintroducedtheassemblylinein1909,hecutthenumberofman—hoursrequiredtoproduceamotorcarbysome80percentintwoorthreeyears—farmorethananyoneexpectstoresultfromeventhemostcompleterobotization.Butthereisnodoubtthatwearefacinganewsharpaccelerationinthereplacementofmanualworkersbymachines—thatis,bytheproductsofknowledge.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,theshrinkageinthemanufacturinglaborforcedemonstrates（）.

2.Americanpoliticiansandlaborlenderstendtodislike（）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,inthecoming25years,adevelopedcountryorindustry,inordertoremaincompetitive,oughtto（）.

4.Thispassagemayhavebeenexcerptedfrom（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thedegreetowhichacountry'sproductionisrobotized

B.areductioninacountry’smanufacturingindustries

C.aworseningrelationshipbetweenlaborandmanagement

D.thedifferencebetweenadevelopedcountryandadevelopingcountry

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.confusioninmanufacturingeconomy

B.anincreaseinblue-collarworkforce

C.internalcompetitioninmanufacturingproduction

D.adropintheblue-collarjobopportunities

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.reducethepercentageoftheblue-collarworkforce

B.preserveblue-collarjobsforinternationalcompetition

C.acceleratemotor-canmanufacturinginHenryFord'sstyle

D.solvetheproblemofunemployment

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.amagazineaboutcapitalinvestment

B.anarticleonautomation

C.amotor-carmagazine

D.anarticleonglobaleconomy

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.信息推理題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“Oneistheacceleration...“robotization”or“automation”.”知識(shí)和資本開始加速替代體力勞動(dòng)。幾十年前我們談?wù)摍C(jī)械化，現(xiàn)在我們談?wù)摗皺C(jī)器人化”或“自動(dòng)化”。由此可以推斷，制造業(yè)勞動(dòng)力的變化說明了一個(gè)國家生產(chǎn)的自動(dòng)化程度。制造業(yè)勞動(dòng)力越少，自動(dòng)化程度越高，反之亦然。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知，美國政治家和勞動(dòng)力領(lǐng)袖不喜歡一種結(jié)論，即上一段提到的：如果一家公司、一個(gè)行業(yè)或一個(gè)國家在未來25年內(nèi)不大幅增加制造業(yè)產(chǎn)量，同時(shí)大幅削減藍(lán)領(lǐng)勞動(dòng)力，那么它就不可能保持競爭力，甚至不可能保持“發(fā)達(dá)”。而這必然會(huì)導(dǎo)致失業(yè)，這是美國政治家和勞動(dòng)力領(lǐng)袖不希望看到的，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，在未來25年內(nèi)，行業(yè)或者國家需要在保證制造業(yè)產(chǎn)量的同時(shí)削減藍(lán)領(lǐng)勞動(dòng)力。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.主旨推斷題。文章主要講的是隨著工業(yè)化的發(fā)展，機(jī)器也就是人類知識(shí)的產(chǎn)物將會(huì)取代勞動(dòng)力。所以文章最有可能是關(guān)于全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的，選項(xiàng)D正確。選項(xiàng)B太片面，文章不僅僅是講自動(dòng)化，勞動(dòng)力應(yīng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)相關(guān)，所以不選B。

13.單選題

Thegirlbegantocryandtearsslowly（）downherface.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.oozed

B.trickled

C.dribbled

D.leaked

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)oozed“滲出，泄漏（有慢慢滲出來的意思）”；B選項(xiàng)trickled“滴，細(xì)細(xì)地流”；C選項(xiàng)dribbled“流（口水）；滴下”；D選項(xiàng)leaked“使?jié)B漏，泄露”。句意：女孩哭了起來，眼淚慢慢地從臉上_____。只有B選項(xiàng)可以與后面的down搭配，意為“一滴滴落下”；A選項(xiàng)與out搭配，表示“泄漏”；C選項(xiàng)一般后面不跟介詞；D選項(xiàng)與out搭配，意為“漏出”。而本句表達(dá)的是“眼淚一滴滴滑落”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

14.單選題

SinceBritishsettlersfirstoccupiedthiscountry.EnglishhasbeenthelanguageintheUnitedStates.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.practicable

B.prevalent

C.predominant

D.popular

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)practicableadj.可用的，可行得通的；B選項(xiàng)prevalentadj.流行的，普遍的；C選項(xiàng)predominantadj.主要的，卓越的，有支配力的；D選項(xiàng)popularadj.流行的，通俗的。根據(jù)句意可知，自從英國殖民者第一次占領(lǐng)這個(gè)國家開始，英語就成為了美國的主流語言。因此，正確答案為C項(xiàng)。

15.單選題

Hequickly（

）alargefortune.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.accumulated

B.compiled

C.accompanied

D.accommodated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:他很快積累了一大筆財(cái)富。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去式。Accumulate積累,増加,聚集;compile編寫(書、列表、報(bào)告等),編纂,編譯;accompany陪伴,伴隨…發(fā)生;accommodate提供住宿,使…適應(yīng)。因此A符合句意。

16.單選題

TheInternet,E-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Inthefuture,capitalistmarketswilllargelybereplacedbyanewkindofeconomicsystembasedonnetworkedrelationships,contractualarrangementsandaccessrights.

Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?IhaveaskedthisquestionofhundredsofCEOsandcorporateexecutivesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Surprisingly,virtuallyeveryonehassaid,“No,quitecontrary.”Theverypeopleresponsibleforusheringinwhatsomehavecalleda“technologicalrenaissance”saytheyareworkinglongerhours,feelmorestressed,aremoreimpatient,andareevenlesscivilintheirdealingswithcolleaguesandfriends―nottomentionstrangers.Andwhat’smorerevealing,theyplacemuchoftheblameontheverysametechnologiestheyaresoaggressivelychampioning.

Thetechnogurus(領(lǐng)袖)promisedusthataccesswouldmakelifemoreconvenientandgiveusmoretime.Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.

Ifanearliergenerationwaspreoccupiedwiththequesttoencloseavastgeographicfrontier,generation,itseems,ismorecaughtupinthecolonizationoftime.Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.Oure-mail,voicemailandcellphones,our24hourInteractnewsandentertainmentallseizeforourattention.

Andwhilewehavecreatedeverykindoflabor-andtime-savingdevicetoserviceourneeds,wearebeginningtofeellikewehavelesstimeavailabletousthananyotherhumansinhistory.Thatisbecausethegreatproliferationoflabor-andtime-savingservicesonlyincreasesthediversity,paceandflowofcommoditizedactivityaroundus.Forexample,e-mailisagreatconvenience.However,wenowfindourselvesspendingmuchofourdayfranticallyrespondingtoeachother’selectronicmessages.Thecellphoneisagreattime-saver.Exceptnowwearealwayspotentiallyinreachofsomeoneelsewhowantsourattention.

Socialconservativestalkaboutthedeclineincivilityandblameitonthelossofamoralcompassandreligiousvalues.Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?

Maybeweneedtoaskwhatkindsofconnectionsreallycountandwhattypesofaccessreallymatterinthee-economyera.Ifthisnewtechnologyrevolutionisonlyabouthyperefficiency,thenwerisklosingsomethingevenpreciousthantime―oursenseofwhatitmeanstobeacaringhumanbeing.

1.Accordingtothepassage,corporateexecutivesthinkthat______.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Wgeneration?

4.Inthesixthparagraph,theauthorimpliedthat______.

5.Anappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbe______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.technologyrenaissanceshouldbepushedforward

B.technologyhasaprofoundimpactontheirlives.

C.technologyactuallyresultsinadeclineintheirlifequality

D.technologyshouldbeaggressivelychampioned

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Technologywassupposedtofreepeople.

B.Tgenerationbecameslavesoftechnology.

C.Newtechnologiesoccupymuchofourtime.

D.Itisdifficulttoavoidtheinfluenceoftechnologywonders.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Technologicalwonders.

B.Accesstoinformation.

C.Time

D.Time-savingdevices.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.socialconservativesblamedthelossofmoralityontechnology

B.generationwaslesscivilthantheearliergenerations

C.thehyperspeedcultureledtothedeclineincivility

D.technologymightmakepeoplelessimpatient

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.TheNewInternetLife

B.TheDrawbacksoftooMuchAccess

C.TheFailureofTechnologicalRenaissance

D.TheDecliningQualityofLife

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第二段中的Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenewInternetandbusiness-to-businessInternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?“No,quitecontrary.”（我們在工作、家庭和社區(qū)的生活質(zhì)量是否與我們生活中引入的所有新互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和企業(yè)對企業(yè)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)成正比？“不，完全相反?！保┛芍狢選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)實(shí)際上導(dǎo)致了他們生活質(zhì)量的下降”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第三段中的Instead,theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfromwhichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.（相反，本應(yīng)解放我們的科技奇跡，卻開始把我們束縛在一個(gè)似乎無法輕易擺脫的聯(lián)系網(wǎng)中）但并不是說網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代變成了技術(shù)的奴隸，因此選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第四段中的Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformofcommercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.（我們的每一個(gè)空閑時(shí)間都充滿了某種形式的商業(yè)聯(lián)系，使時(shí)間本身成為所有資源中最稀缺的）可知選C。

4.推理判斷題。文章第六段中的Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenanddefer,considerandreflect?（有沒有人問過，高速發(fā)展的文化是否讓我們所有人都變得不那么有耐心，不太愿意傾聽、推遲、考慮和反思？）可知D選項(xiàng)“科技可能會(huì)使人失去耐心”符合題意。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了科技給人們生活帶來的負(fù)面影響，因此B選項(xiàng)“使用過多的缺點(diǎn)”符合題意。

17.單選題

Inthecompetitivemodel—theeconomyofmanysellerseachwithasmallshareofthetotalmarket—therestraintontheprivateexerciseofeconomicpowerwasprovidedbyotherfirmsonthesamesideofthemarket.Itwastheeagernessofcompetitorstosell,notthecomplaintsofbuyers,thatsavedthelatterfromspoliation.Itwasassumed,nodoubtaccurately,thatthenineteenth-centurytextilemanufacturerwhooverchargedforhisproductwouldpromptlylosehismarkettoanothermanufacturerwhodidnot.Ifallmanufacturersfoundthemselvesinapositionwheretheycouldexploitastrongdemand,andmarkuptheirpricesaccordingly,therewouldsoonbeaninflowofnewcompetitors.Theresultingincreaseinsupplywouldbringpricesandprofitsbacktonormal.

Aswiththesellerwhowastemptedtousehiseconomicpoweragainstthecustomer,sowiththebuyerwhowastemptedtouseitagainsthislabororsuppliers,themanwhopaidlessthantheprevailingwagewouldlosehislaborforcetothosewhopaidtheworkerhisfull(marginal)contributiontotheearningsofthefirm.Inallcasestheincentivetosociallydesirablebehaviorwasprovidedbythecompetitor.Itwastothesamesideofthemarket—therestraintofsellersbyothersellersandofbuyersbyotherbuyers,inotherwordstocompetition—thateconomistscametolookfortheself-regulatorymechanismsoftheeconomy.

Theyalsocametolooktocompetitionexclusivelyandinformal;theorystilldo.Thenotionthattheremightbeanotherregulatorymechanismintheeconomyhadbeenalmostcompletelyexcludedfromeconomicthought.Thus,withthewidespreaddisappearanceofcompetitioninitsclassicalfromanditsreplacementbythesmallgroupoffirmsifnotinovert,atleastinconventionalortacit,collusion,itwaseasytosupposethatsincecompetitionhaddisappeared,alleffectiverestraintonprivatepowerhaddisappeared.Indeed,thisconclusionwasallbutinevitableifnosearchwasmadeforotherrestraints,andsocompletewasthepreoccupationwithcompetitionthatnonewasmade.

Infact,newrestraintsonprivatepowerdidappeartoreplacecompetition.Theywerenurturedbythesameprocessofconcentrationwhichimpairedordestroyedcompetition.Buttheyappearednotonthesamesideofthemarketbutontheoppositeside,notwithcompetitorsbutwithcustomersorsuppliers.ItwillbeconvenienttohaveanameforthiscounterpartofcompetitionandIshallcallitcountervailingpower.

Tobeginwithabroadandsomewhattoodogmaticallystatedproposition,privateeconomicpowerisheldincheckbythecountervailingpowerofthosewhoaresubjecttoit.Thefirstbegetsthesecond.Thelongtrendtowardconcentrationofindustrialenterpriseinthehandsofarelativelyfewfirmshasbroughtintoexistencenotonlystrongsellers,aseconomistshavesupposed,butalsostrongbuyers,afacttheyhavefailedtosee.Thetwodeveloptogether,notinprecisestep,butinsuchmannerthattherecanbenodoubtthattheoneisinresponsetotheother.

21.Theword“spoliation”inthefirstparagraphprobablymeans（）.

22.Howiseconomicpowerappliedwhenamanufacturerwantstohiremoreworkers?

23.Economistsdidn’tsearchforotherrestraintsotherthancompetitionbecause（）.

24.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofothereconomists’predictionabouttheoutcomesofconcentration?

25.Thepassagemainlydiscussesabout（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.loot

B.spoil

C.restraint

D.agitation

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Heoffersthemwelfarefunds.

B.Hepaysthemaccordingtotheirwork.

C.Heprovidesfreeboardandlodging.

D.Hegivesthemchancesofgettingpromoted.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theysolelyfocusedoncompetition

B.theyhadnoideaofotherrestraints

C.theyhadmoreinterestincompetition

D.otherrestraintswereoflittleimportance

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theyhavemadewildpredictions.

B.Theyfailedtoseetheriseofmerger.

C.Theyforesawtheappearanceofstrongbuyers.

D.Theirsuppositionwaspartiallytrue.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.business

B.buyersandsellers

C.businessmodel

D.economicpower

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】21.語義題。根據(jù)題干信息將信息點(diǎn)定位到原文第一段。根據(jù)下文“…wouldpromptlylosehismarkettoanothermanufacturerwhodidnot（會(huì)很快把市場拱手讓給另一家沒有這么做的制造商）”“…exploitastrongdemand,andmarkuptheirpricesaccordingly（利用強(qiáng)勁的需求，相應(yīng)地抬高價(jià)格）”即可得出本題答案。

22.

事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干信息將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第二段第一句?！癆swiththesellerwhowastemptedtousehiseconomicpoweragainstthecustomer,sowiththebuyerwhowastemptedtouseitagainsthislabororsuppliers,themanwhopaidlessthantheprevailingwagewouldlosehislaborforcetothosewhopaidtheworkerhisfull(marginal)contributiontotheearningsofthefirm.（對于那些想要用他的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力來對付顧客的賣方，同樣對于想要用經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力來對付他的勞動(dòng)力或供應(yīng)商的買方，支付低于當(dāng)時(shí)工資的人將會(huì)失去他的實(shí)驗(yàn)室，或者被迫接受那些向工人支付他對公司收入的全部（邊際）貢獻(xiàn)的人。）”即可得出本題答案。

23.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干信息將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文第三段第一句。根據(jù)“Theyalsocametolooktocompetitionexclusivelyandinformal;theorystilldo.（他們也開始只關(guān)注正式的競爭；理論仍然如此。）”即可得出本題答案。

24.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“othereconomists’prediction”“theoutcomesofconcentration”可將信息點(diǎn)定位至原文最后一段第三句。根據(jù)“Thelongtrendtowardconcentrationofindustrialenterpriseinthehandsofarelativelyfewfirmshasbroughtintoexistencenotonlystrongsellers,aseconomistshavesupposed,butalsostrongbuyers,afacttheyhavefailedtosee.（長期以來，工業(yè)企業(yè)集中在相對較少的公司手中的趨勢，不僅像經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家所認(rèn)為的那樣，帶來了強(qiáng)勁的賣方，也帶來了強(qiáng)勁的買方，這是他們沒有看到的事實(shí)。）”即可得出本題答案。

25.

主旨大意題。通讀全文即可發(fā)現(xiàn)作者全篇談?wù)摰慕允巧虡I(yè)方面的內(nèi)容。從而得出本題答案。

18.單選題

Hewasthekingoffarceandthemostinfluentialneoclassicalplaywright.Hischaracterswereusedto（）realpeople,andhewasinterestedinshowingtherealityofhumanweaknessasmuchaspossible.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.depict

B.ridicule

C.amuse

D.imitate

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。depict“描述”；ridicule“嘲笑”；amuse“娛樂”；imitate“模仿”。句意：他是喜劇之王，也是最具影響力的新古典主義劇作家。他的劇中人物都用來描述真正的人物，并且他對盡可能展現(xiàn)人性的弱點(diǎn)充滿興趣。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

19.單選題

Inthispoorcountry,survivalisstilltheleadingindustry;allelseis____.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.luxury

B.accommodation

C.entertainment

D.refreshment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析與上下文語義。A選項(xiàng)luxury“奢侈；奢侈品”；B選項(xiàng)accommodation“住處；膳宿”；C選項(xiàng)entertainment“娛樂，消遣”；D選項(xiàng)refreshment“起提神作用的東西”。句意：在這個(gè)貧窮的國家里，生存是最大的事，其他的一切都是奢侈的事情。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

20.單選題

Iamveryconcernedthatour（）asagreatuniversitycouldbe（）ifourresourcesfallbehindthoseoftheleadingAmericanuniversities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pose...altered

B.state...changed

C.standing...jeopardized

D.status...reversed

【答案】C

【解析】詞匯辨析。pose“姿勢”；altered“改變的”；state“形勢”；change“改變”；standing“身份”；jeopardize“危害”；status“地位，狀態(tài)”；reverse“顛倒，撤銷，逆反”。句意：我非常擔(dān)心，