考研考博-英語-南京航空航天大學(xué)金城學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解2

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南京航空航天大學(xué)金城學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Allthepartsofthismodelofautomobileare（

）,sothatyoucaneasilyreplacethemeverywhere.

問題1選項

A.modernized

B.standardized

C.mechanized

D.normalized

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。modernize“使現(xiàn)代化”；standardize“使標(biāo)準化；用標(biāo)準檢驗”；mechanize“使機械化”；normalize“使變得正?！薄＞湟猓哼@種型號的汽車的所有部件都是標(biāo)準化的，所以你可以很容易到處更換。選項B符合題意。

2.單選題

For150yearsscientistshavetriedtodeterminethesolarconstant,theamountofsolarenergythatreachestheEarth.Yet，eveninthemostcloud-freeregionsoftheplanet,thesolarconstantcannotbemeasuredprecisely.Gasmoleculesanddustparticlesintheatmosphereabsorbandscattersunlightandpreventsomewavelengthsofthelightfromeverreachingtheground.

Withtheadventofsatellites,however,scientistshavefinallybeenabletomeasuretheSun’soutputwithoutbeingimpededbytheEarth'satmosphere.SolarMax.asatellitefromthe

NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration(NASA),hasbeenmeasuringtheSun'soutputsinceFebruary1980.Althoughamalfunctioninthesatellite'scontrolsystemlimiteditsobservationforafewyears,thesatellitewasrepairedinorbitbyastronautsfromthespaceshufflein1984.Max’sobservationsindicatethatthesolarconstantisnotreallyconstantafterall.

Thesatellite'sinstrumentshavedetectedfrequent，smallvariationsintheSun’senergyoutputgenerallyamountingtonomorethan0.05percentoftheSun'smeanenergyoutputandlastingfromafewdaystoafewweeks.ScientistsbelievethesefluctuationscoincidewiththeappearanceanddisappearanceoflargegroupsofsunspotsonthesunspotsarerelativelydarkregionsontheSun’ssurfacethathavestrongmagneticfieldsandatemperatureabout2.000degreesFahrenheitcoolerthantherestoftheSun'ssurface.Particularlylargefluctuationsinthesolarconstanthavecoincidedwithsightingsoflargegroups,in1980，forexample.SolarMax'sinstrumentsregistereda0.3percentdropinthesolarenergyreachingtheEarth.Atthattimeasunspotgroupcoveredabout0.6percentofthesolardisk,anarea20timeslargerthantheEarth’ssurface.

Long-termvariationsinthesolarconstantaremoredifficulttodetermine.AlthoughSolarMax’sdatahaveindicatedsslowandsteadydeclineintheSun'soutput.Somescientistshavethoughtthatthesatellite'sagingdetectorsmighthavebecomelesssensitiveovertheyears,thusfalselyindicatingadrop,inthesolarconstant.Thispossibilitywasdismissed;however,bycomparingsolarMax'sobservationswithdatafromasimilarinstrumentoperatingonNASA’sNimbus7weathersatellitesince1978.

1.Whatdoesthispassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Whydoestheauthormention“gas"and“dust”inline3?

3.Accordingtothepassage,scientistsbelievevariationsinthesolarconstantarerelatedto（）.

4.WhydidscientiststhinkthatSolarMaxmightbegivingunreliableinformation?

5.Theattempttodescribethesolarconstantcanbestbedescribedas（）.

問題1選項

A.Thelaunchingofaweathersatellite.

B.ThecomponentsoftheEarth’satmosphere.

C.Themeasurementofvariationsinthesolarconstant.

D.Theinteractionofsunlightandairpollution.

問題2選項

A.Theymagnifythesolarconstant.

B.Theyarefoundinvaryingconcentrations.

C.Scientificequipmentisminedbygasanddust

D.Theyinterferewithaccuratemeasurementofthesolarconstant.

問題3選項

A.sunspotactivity

B.unusualweatherpatterns

C.increasedlevelsofdust

D.fluctuationsintheEarth'stemperature

問題4選項

A.SolarMaxdidnotworkforthefirstfewyears.

B.ThespaceshuttlecouldnotfixSolarMax'sinstruments.

C.SolarMax’sinstrumentwasgettingold.

D.Nimbus7interferedwithSolar.

問題5選項

A.anongoingresearcheffort

B.anissuethathasbeenresolved

C.aquestionthatcanneverbeanswered

D.historicallyinteresting,butirrelevanttocontemporaryconcerns

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由第一段“For150yearsscientistshavetriedtodeterminethesolarconstant,theamountofsolarenergythatreachestheEarth.Yet，eveninthemostcloud-freeregionsoftheplanet,thesolarconstantcannotbemeasuredprecisely.150年來，科學(xué)家們一直試圖確定太陽常數(shù)，即到達地球的太陽能總量。然而，即使在地球上最無云的地區(qū)，太陽常數(shù)也無法精確測量?！笨芍疚牡闹黝}是solarconstant太陽常數(shù)，主要討論太陽常數(shù)的測量問題。故C項正確。

2.判斷推理題。Yet，eveninthemostcloud-freeregionsoftheplanet,thesolarconstantcannotbemeasuredprecisely.Gasmoleculesanddustparticlesintheatmosphereabsorbandscattersunlightandpreventsomewavelengthsofthelightfromeverreachingtheground.而，即使在地球上最無云的地區(qū)，太陽常數(shù)也無法精確測量。大氣中的氣體分子和塵埃顆粒吸收和散射陽光，阻止某些波長的光到達地面。所以作者提到氣體分子和塵埃顆粒是想說明這兩者阻礙了對太陽常數(shù)的精確測量。故D項正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。由第三段“ScientistsbelievethesefluctuationscoincidewiththeappearanceanddisappearanceoflargegroupsofsunspotsonthesunspotsarerelativelydarkregionsontheSun’ssurfacethathavestrongmagneticfieldsandatemperatureabout2,000degreesFahrenheitcoolerthantherestoftheSun'ssurface.科學(xué)家們認為，這些波動與太陽黑子上大群太陽黑子的出現(xiàn)和消失相吻合。太陽黑子是太陽表面上相對黑暗的區(qū)域，具有很強的磁場，溫度比太陽表面的其他部分低2000華氏度?？芍柍?shù)的波動與太陽黑子的活動有關(guān)，故A項正確。

4.判斷推理題。由最后一段“AlthoughSolarMax’sdatahaveindicatedsslowandsteadydeclineintheSun'soutput.Somescientistshavethoughtthatthesatellite'sagingdetectorsmighthavebecomelesssensitiveovertheyears,thusfalselyindicatingadrop,inthesolarconstant.盡管太陽活動極大期的數(shù)據(jù)顯示太陽活動緩慢而穩(wěn)定地減少。一些科學(xué)家認為，隨著時間的推移，該衛(wèi)星的老化探測器可能變得不那么敏感，從而錯誤地顯示出太陽常數(shù)的下降?？芍捎谛l(wèi)星的老化有可能使得探測不敏感，所以科學(xué)家認為太陽活動極大期的信息可能不準確。故C項正確，

5.文章最后一段講了對于太陽常數(shù)的研究已經(jīng)展開，這是項復(fù)雜而艱巨的工程，需要持續(xù)不斷的研究和努力。故A項正確。

3.單選題

Thecustomerexpressedher（

）forthatbroadhat.

問題1選項

A.disapproval

B.distaste

C.dissatisfaction

D.dismay

【答案】B

【解析】名詞辨析。句意:這位顧客表示她不喜歡那頂寬頂帽。

disapproval后與of搭配，表示不贊成、不同意；distaste后與for搭配，表示不喜歡、厭惡；dissatisfaction后與with搭配，表示不滿；dismay沮喪。

4.單選題

Theheroofthebook,Charles,isaconventionalnineteenth-centurygentleman;theheroineSarah,______byherlover,isa“fallenwoman”,whomCharlestriestohelp.

問題1選項

A.tobediscarded

B.tohavebeenabandoned

C.havingcastaway

D.havingbeendeserted

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.tobediscarded被拋棄B.tohavebeenabandoned被遺棄

C.havingcastaway丟掉D.havingbeendeserted被拋棄

【考查點】非謂語動詞。

【解題思路】分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處為非謂語動詞做定語修飾theheroineSarah（女主人公莎拉），通過介詞by可知，此處表示被動，結(jié)合選項可知是表示“拋棄”，desert強調(diào)“違背允諾、誓言或責(zé)任”違，尤其指“背叛、擅離職守”，所以D項符合。

【干擾項排除】

A項discard強調(diào)拋棄、丟棄無用的事物或永遠放棄某個信念；

B項abandon強調(diào)完全、永遠地遺棄，尤其指遺棄以前負有責(zé)任的人或物；

C項為主動語態(tài)，且castaway（丟掉）不符合句意。

【句意】書中的主人公查爾斯是一位傳統(tǒng)的19世紀紳士；被愛人拋棄的女主人公莎拉是一個“墮落的女人”，查爾斯試圖幫助她。

5.單選題

Lovecan’tconquerall.So,beforecouplestietheknot,theyshouldknowwhatthey’regettinginto.Thetabooagainstcoupleslivingtogetherbeforemarriageisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepeoplearesaying“Ido”afterthey’vespentmonths,orevenyears,livingtogether.

Asmuchasapersonlovesanother,heorsheneverreallyknowswhathappensbehindcloseddoorsunlessheorsheisstandingontheotherside.Whilesomepeopleviewlivingtogetherbeforemarriageasimmoral,couplesareactuallyexpandingtheboundariesoftheirrelationshipbymovingintogether.Forexample,thedivisionofhouseholdresponsibilitiescanbeamajorissuefornewlyweds.Bylivingtogether,couplescansolveimbalancesinthedistributionofthoseresponsibilitiesbeforesomeonerealizesheorshehasmarriedalazybum.

Thismayseemlikeasmallpoint,buthowmanywomen—andmenareouttherewhoneverthoughttheywouldbetheonlyonescooking,washingdishes,vacuuming,hopping,scrubbing,disinfecting,cleaninglaundry,dusting,etc.?

Oneofthelargestproblemsinmarriagesisthe“in”word:money.Ifcoupleslivetogetherbeforemarriage,theylearnoneanother’ssavingandspendingstyles.Bybaringexpenses,peoplelearnnotonlyhoweachpersoncontrolsthepursestringsbuthowtodiscussfinancematterswitheachother.It’simportantforcouplestofigureoutbudgetprioritiesbeforetheyaremarried,andthisisdifficulttodounlessapersonhasbeensharingexpenseswithhisorherpartner.Ifcouplesdon’thavetheirfinancialissuesinorder,theyareboundtosurface,causingtroubleinthemarriage.

It’salsodifficulttoknowsomeoneintimatelywithoutlivingwithhimorher.Aspecialbondformsbetweenpeoplewhosharetheirlivingspace,theirpersonallongings,andtheirlivestogether.Somethingsyoujustdon’tknowuntilyou’velivedwithsomeone.

Whilesomepeoplebelievelivingtogetherbeforemarriageisinappropriate,likemosteverythingelseinthiscountry,itisachoicethateveryoneshouldrespect.Livingtogethercanbeapositiveexperiencethatwilllaterreinforceamarriage,butitcanalsobesomethingthatendsarelationship.Butifarelationshipisgoingtoendit’sbetterforpeopletodiscoverthehardtruthbeforetheymarry.Eventhoughtwopeopleloveeachotherandenjoyspendingtimetogether,therealquestionis,canyoulivetogether?Peoplemightwanttofindoutbeforetheymaketheseriousdecisiontomarry.

1.“Tietheknot”inthefirstlineofthefirstparagraphmeans（）.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,throughlivingtogether（）.

3.Tosomepeoplelivingtogetherbeforemarringisunacceptablebecause（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

5.Animportantpointtheauthormadeinthispassageis（）.

問題1選項

A.gettingacquaintedwitheachother

B.datingeachother

C.livingtogetherbeforemarriage

D.gettingmarried

問題2選項

A.acouplecanreinforcetheirlove

B.acouplecanlearnwhoisbetteratdoingthehousework

C.acouplecansavesomemoneyfortheirmarriage

D.acouplecanknoweachotherintimately

問題3選項

A.itisimmoralandinappropriate

B.itmayendarelationshipmorequickly

C.itisashametothecouple’sparents

D.itwillcausemanysocialproblems

問題4選項

A.Livingtogetherbeforemarriageisnowmoreacceptablethanbefore.

B.Littlehouseholdchorescancausetroubleinone’smarriage.

C.Loveistheguaranteeofahappymarriage.

D.Newly-wedsoftenhasmanylifeimbalancestoface.

問題5選項

A.livingtogetherbeforemarriageissignificant;everycoupleshouldtryit

B.livingtogetherbeforemarriageisachoicethatshouldberespected

C.livingtogetheristhebestwaytobridgethegapsbetweenacouple

D.livingtogetherisasymbolofthemodernformofcivilization

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:語義題。根據(jù)題干定位至第一段:Thetabooagainstcoupleslivingtogetherbeforemarriageisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepeoplearesaying“Ido”afterthey’vespentmonths,orevenyears,livingtogether(人們對婚前同居的禁忌正在減少，越來越多的人在同居幾個月甚至幾年后說“我愿意”)，由此可知tietheknot指“結(jié)婚”，因此D項正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。A:夫妻能牢固他們的愛情。第六段指出:Livingtogethercanbeapositiveexperiencethatwilllaterreinforceamarriage,butitcanalsobesomethingthatendsarelationship(同居可以是一種積極的經(jīng)歷，日后會鞏固婚姻，但也可以是結(jié)束一段關(guān)系的事情)。因此A項不正確。B:夫妻可以了解誰更擅長做家務(wù)。第二段指出:Bylivingtogether,couplescansolveimbalancesinthedistributionofthoseresponsibilities...(通過同居，夫妻可以解決這些責(zé)任分配的不平衡…)，此說法并不能推斷出B項，因此B項錯誤。C:夫妻能為他們的婚姻存一些錢。第四段指出:Ifcoupleslivetogetherbeforemarriage,theyleanoneanother’ssavingandspendingstyles.Bybaringexpenses,peoplelearnnotonlyhoweachpersoncontrolsthepursestringsbuthowtodiscussfinancematterswitheachother(如果夫妻在婚前同居，他們會互相依賴對方的儲蓄和消費方式。通過削減開支，人們不僅學(xué)會了如何控制每個人的錢袋，而且學(xué)會了如何相互討論財務(wù)問題)。由此可知C項不正確。D:一對夫妻可以親密地了解彼此。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞livingtogether定位到第五段:it’salsodifficulttoknowsomeoneintimatelywithoutlivingwithhimorher(不和他或她住在一起，就很難親密地了解對方)，因此D項正確。

第3題:細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞unacceptable定位至第二段以及第六段。第二段指出:Whilesomepeopleviewlivingtogetherbeforemarriageasimmoral,couplesareactuallyexpandingtheboundariesoftheirrelationshipbymovingintogether(雖然有些人認為婚前同居是不道德的，但事實上，夫妻們正在通過同居來擴展關(guān)系)。第六段指出:Whilesomepeoplebelievelivingtogetherbeforemarriageisinappropriate,itisachoicethateveryoneshouldrespect(雖然有些人認為婚前同居不合適，但這是每個人都應(yīng)該尊重的選擇)。由此可知A項“不道德也不合適”正確。

第4題:判斷推理題。A:與過去相比，現(xiàn)在人們更能接受婚前同居了。第一段第二句指出:Thetabooagainstcoupleslivingtogetherbeforemarriageisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepeoplearesaying“Ido”afterthey’vespentmonths,orevenyears,livingtogether(對婚前同居的禁忌正在減少，越來越多的人在同居幾個月甚至幾年后說“我愿意”)。因此A項正確。B:家務(wù)瑣事會給婚姻帶來麻煩。第二段第三句指出:Forexample,thedivisionofhouseholdresponsibilitiescanbeamajorissuefornewlyweds(例如，家務(wù)責(zé)任的劃分可能是新婚夫婦的一個大事)。因此B項正確。C:愛是美滿婚姻的保證。第六段第四句指出:Eventhoughtwopeopleloveeachotherandenjoyspendingtimetogether,therealquestionis,canyoulivetogether?(即使兩個人彼此相愛，喜歡共度時光，但真正的問題是，你們能一起生活嗎？)。因此C項與原文不符且過于絕對。D:新婚夫婦經(jīng)常面臨許多生活不平衡的問題。第三段指出:Thismayseemlikeasmallpoint,buthowmanywomen—andmenareouttherewhoneverthoughttheywouldbetheonlyonescooking,washingdishes,vacuuming,hopping,scrubbing,disinfecting,cleaninglaundry,dusting,etc(這似乎是一個小問題，但是有多少女人和男人從來沒有想過他們會是唯一做飯、洗碗、吸塵、忙碌、擦洗、消毒、洗衣服、除塵等的人)。因此D項正確。

第5題:觀點態(tài)度題。體現(xiàn)作者觀點態(tài)度的句子可參考第六段:Whilesomepeoplebelievelivingtogetherbeforemarriageisinappropriate,itisachoicethateveryoneshouldrespect(雖然有些人認為婚前同居是不合適的，但這是每個人都應(yīng)該尊重的選擇)，因此B項“婚前同居是一個應(yīng)該被尊重的選擇”正確。

6.單選題

Withacandleinhand,hecarefully（）theflightofnarrowstairstohisbedroom.

問題1選項

A.asserted

B.ascertained

C.assembled

D.ascended

【答案】D

【解析】動詞辨析題。assert斷言，堅持，維護；ascertain查明，確定；assemble聚集，集合；ascend攀登，上升。句意：他手里拿著蠟燭，小心翼翼地登上狹窄的樓梯，來到自己的臥室。選項D符合句意。

7.單選題

Tonyhasnottheleast（）ofgivinguphisresearchwork.

問題1選項

A.intention

B.interest

C.wish

D.desire

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項intention“打算，意圖，意向”，后可接of短語，也可以接不定式短語；B選項interest“興趣，愛好，利息，趣味”，后接介詞in；C選項wish“希望，愿望；祈求，心愿；祝愿，祝福”與D選項desire“欲望；要求，心愿”后一般接不定式。句意：托尼毫無放棄其研究工作的打算。因此A選項正確。

8.單選題

MayaLinwasanundergraduatestudentatYalewhenshewas______tocreatetheVietnamVeteransMemorialin1981becauseshewonthepublicdesigncompetitionforthememorial.

問題1選項

A.commissioned

B.conditioned

C.streamlined

D.aggregated

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語從句。A選項commissioned“正式委托（譜寫或制作、創(chuàng)作、完成）”；B選項conditioned“訓(xùn)練，使習(xí)慣于，使適應(yīng)”；C選項streamlined“使增產(chǎn)節(jié)約”；D選項aggregated“總計，合計”。句意：1981年，瑪雅林在耶魯大學(xué)讀本科時被______設(shè)計越南退伍軍人紀念館，因為她贏得了紀念館的公共設(shè)計競賽。瑪雅林贏了設(shè)計比賽，可知這里指的是和設(shè)計相關(guān)事宜，A選項commissioned“正式委托（譜寫或制作、創(chuàng)作、完成）”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

9.單選題

TheEuropeanUnionrevealedonJanuary23thhowitplanstosavetheworld.Amammothclimate-changeplanspellsoutindetailhowmuchpaineachofits27memberswillhavetobeariftheEUistomeetambitioustargetssetbynationalleaderslastMatch.

Theaimistocutgreenhouse-gasemissionsby2020byatleastafifth,andmorethandoubleto20%theamountofenergyproducedfromrenewablesourcessuchaswindorwavepower.Iffuelfromplantsprovesgreenenough,10%ofthefuelusedintransportmustcomefrombiofuelsbythesamedate.Thenewplanturnsthesegoalsintonationaltargets.Thiswillsurelystartmuchgrumblingandmonthsofhorse-trading,astheEuropeanCommission’srecommendationsareturnedintobindinglawbynationalgovernmentsandtheEuropeanParliament.

Countrieswithgreeneryintheirveinsarebeingaskedtotakemoreoftheburdenthannewermembers.Sweden,forexample,isbeinginvitedtomeet49%ofitsenergyfromrenewables.Attheotherend,Maltagetsarenewablestargetofjust10%.Itisasimilarstorywhenitcomestocuttinggreenhousegases:by2020,Denmarkmustcutemissionsby20%from2005levels;BulgariaandRomania,thenewestmembers,maylettheiremissionsriseby20%.

EUleadershiponclimatechangewillnotcomecheap.Thedirectcostsalonemaybee60billion($87billion),orabout0.5%oftotalEUGDP,by2020,saidthecommission’spresident,JoseManuelBarroso.Butthisisstillpresentedasabargaincomparedwiththecostofinaction,whichMrBarrosoputattentimesashigh.“Oh,leadingtheworldinthefightagainstclimatechangeneednotcostjobs,eveninthemostheavilypollutingbranchesofheavyindustry.WewanttokeepourindustryinEurope”,insistedMr.Barroso.

ThetricktoachievetheseeminglyimpossibletargetsistheEU’semissions-tradingscheme(ETS).ThisobligesbigpolluterssuchaspowercompaniesormanufacturinggiantstotradepermitsthatallowthemtoemitCO2andotherclimate-changenasties,withinasteadilytighteningoverallcap.IfcountriessuchastheUnitedStatesdonotsignbindinginternationalagreementsby2011,thentheheaviestgreenhouse-gasemittersinsidetheEUmaybegiventheseallowancesfree,thecommissionsuggests.Or,itthreatens,firmsoutsidetheEUcouldbeforcedtobuyETSpermits.

1.Toitsmembernations,theEU’splanmeans______.

2.Byusingsomedatainparagraph3,theauthor______.

3.AccordingtoMr.Barroso,heavyindustryintheEUcountrieswill______.

4.AccordingtotheEU’sETS,bigpolluters______.

問題1選項

A.afiercecompetition

B.anidealgoal

C.agoodopportunity

D.adifficulttask

問題2選項

A.givesanobjectivedescriptionofthetaskassignmentamongEUcountries

B.showsdisapprovalofallowingsomenationstoraisetheirCO2emissions

C.revealshispuzzlementaboutwhysomenationsaretodolessthanothers

D.presentshisadmirationforthosewhotakegreaterpainstosavetheworld

問題3選項

A.stopbeingthebiggestpolluter

B.beshortofskilledworkforce

C.continueoperating

D.reactwithinaction

問題4選項

A.shallbegivennopermitsuntil2011

B.havetopayfortheirexistence

C.willbeallowedafixedamountofemissions

D.canbenefitiftheychoosetobeinsidetheEU

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“對其成員國來說，歐盟的計劃意味著……”。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Amammothclimate-changeplanspellsoutindetailhowmuchpaineachofits27memberswillhavetobeariftheEUistomeetambitioustargetssetbynationalleaderslastMatch.（一項龐大的氣候變化計劃詳細說明了如果歐盟想要實現(xiàn)各國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在上一場比賽中設(shè)定的雄心勃勃的目標(biāo)，其27個成員國將會承受多大的痛苦）和最后一段第一句ThetricktoachievetheseeminglyimpossibletargetsistheEU’semissions-tradingscheme(ETS).（達到這些似乎不可能的任務(wù)的竅門是歐盟的排放交易計劃）可推知，對歐盟的成員國來說，這一項計劃是很艱巨的任務(wù)，D項“一項艱巨的任務(wù)”符合題意；A項“一個激烈的競爭”、B項“一個理想的目標(biāo)”和C項“一個很好的機會”都與文章不符，文章主要講述的是歐盟制定的拯救世界的計劃會需要其成員國更多的責(zé)任和代價，是一個不可能實現(xiàn)的計劃。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

2.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“通過使用第三段中的一些數(shù)據(jù)，作者……”。第三段主要圍繞綠色能源比重大的國家比其他國家被要求承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任而進行分析和具體說明，作者在這里只是一個客觀的陳述，并未透露自己的情緒觀點，A項“客觀描述了歐盟國家之間的任務(wù)分配”符合題意；B項“表示不贊成一些國家提高二氧化碳排放量”、C項“揭示了他對為什么有些國家比其他國家做得少的困惑”和D項“對那些為拯救世界付出更大努力的人表示欽佩”概括不正確。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

3.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】細節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“據(jù)巴羅佐先生說，歐盟國家的重工業(yè)將會……”。根據(jù)第四段巴羅佐先生說的話Oh,leadingtheworldinthefightagainstclimatechangeneednotcostjobs,eveninthemostheavilypollutingbranchesofheavyindustry.WewanttokeepourindustryinEurope.（領(lǐng)導(dǎo)世界對抗氣候變化不需要以就業(yè)為代價，即使是在污染最嚴重的重工業(yè)，我們想留住歐洲的工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)）可知，歐盟國家的重工業(yè)將會繼續(xù)，C項“繼續(xù)運營”正確；由此也可知A項“停止做最大的污染者”錯誤；B項“缺少熟練勞動力”沒有提到；由Butthisisstillpresentedasabargaincomparedwiththecostofinaction,whichMrBarrosoputattentimesashigh.（但與不作為的代價相比，這仍然是一筆便宜的交易，巴羅佐認為不作為的代價是它的十倍）可知，不作為的代價很高，所以歐盟國家的重工業(yè)不會不作為，D項“不作為”錯誤。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

4.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“根據(jù)歐盟排放交易體系，大污染企業(yè)……”。根據(jù)最后一段對歐盟排放交易體系的描述：ThisobligesbigpolluterssuchaspowercompaniesormanufacturinggiantstotradepermitsthatallowthemtoemitCO2andotherclimate-changenasties,withinasteadilytighteningoverallcap.IfcountriessuchastheUnitedStatesdonotsignbindinginternationalagreementsby2011,thentheheaviestgreenhouse-gasemittersinsidetheEUmaybegiventheseallowancesfree,thecommissionsuggests.Or,itthreatens,firmsoutsidetheEUcouldbeforcedtobuyETSpermits.（這就迫使電力公司等大型污染者或者制造巨頭交易許可證，以允許他們在穩(wěn)步收緊總體限制范圍內(nèi)排放二氧化碳和其他造成氣候變化的排放物。委員會暗示，如果像美國這樣的國家到2011年不簽署約束性國際協(xié)議，那么最大的溫室氣體排放國在歐盟可能會免費得到準許?；蛘撸瘑T會威脅到，歐盟以外的公司可能會被迫購買ETS許可。），由此可以推理，大型污染企業(yè)如果選擇加入歐盟就能夠獲益，而不至于被迫購買ETS許可，故D項“如果他們選擇留在歐盟，他們可以從中受益”正確；A項“在2011年之前都不會得到許可”表述不完全；B項“必須為他們的生存付出代價”概括不準確；C項“將被允許一個固定的排放量”這是在加入歐盟的前提下才能實現(xiàn)。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

10.單選題

Theinventor（）hisoriginaldesigninordertoincreasethemachine’sefficiencytoahigherlevel.

問題1選項

A.executed

B.cultivated

C.modified

D.decorated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項executed“執(zhí)行”；B選項cultivated“培養(yǎng)”；C選項modified“修改”；D選項decorated“裝飾”。句意：發(fā)明家為了把機器的效率提高到一個更高的水平……原來的設(shè)計。increasethemachine’sefficiency提高效率與originaldesign原來的設(shè)計之間的關(guān)系，有不足之處即要做出挑戰(zhàn)與改變，故C選項更符合語義。

11.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese

Oneadvantageofmostpaidworkandofsomeunpaidwordisthatitgiveschancesofsuccessandopportunitiesforambition.Inmostworksuccessismeasuredbyincomeandwhileourcapitalisticsocietycontinues,thisisinevitable.Itisonlywherethebestworkisconcernedthatthismeasureceasestobethenaturaltoapply.Thedesirethatmenfeeltoincreasetheirincomeisquiteasmuchadesireforsuccessasforextracomfortsthatahigherincomecanprovide.Howeverdullworkmaybe,itbecomesbearableifitisameansofbuildingupareputation,whetherintheworldatlargeoronlyinone'sowncircle.Inthisrespectthosewomenwhoselivesareoccupiedwithhouseworkaremuchlessfortunatethanmen,orthanwomenwhoworkoutsidethehome.Thedomesticatedwifedoesnotreceivewages,hasnomeansofbetteringherself,andisvaluedbyherhusbandnotforherhouseworkbutforotherqualities.

Ofcourse,thisdoesnotapplytothosewomenwhoaresufficientlywell-to-dotomakebeautifulhousesandbeautifulgardensandbecometheenvyoftheirneighbors;butsuchwomenarecomparativelyfew,andforthegreatmajorityhouseworkcannotbringasmuchassatisfactionasworkofotherkindsbringstomenandtoprofessionalwomen.

【答案】多數(shù)有報酬的工作和少數(shù)沒報酬的工作有一個優(yōu)勢，那就是它們提供了成功的機會和實現(xiàn)抱負的可能。收入是大多數(shù)工作好壞的一個判斷標(biāo)準，當(dāng)我們這個資本主義社會繼續(xù)存在時，這是不可避免的。只有在工作最好的情況下，收入才不會被當(dāng)作理所應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)臉?biāo)準。人們想增加收入是出自于錢多了可以獲得更多舒適享受這一愿望，但同樣也是出于想取得成功這一欲望。無論工作有多無聊，只要它能讓人獲得更多的聲望，無論是在大范圍的世界出名還是在自己的小圈子有名氣，都是可以忍受的。在這方面來說，那些家庭主婦沒有在外的男人或者在外工作的女人幸運。這些家庭主婦沒有收入，無法改善自己的情況。丈夫欣賞的不是她干的家務(wù)活，而是其他品質(zhì)。

當(dāng)然，對那些有足夠的錢把住宅和花園都搞得十分漂亮并且成為鄰居們羨慕的對象的女人來說，情況不一樣。但是這樣的女人很少。對于大多數(shù)婦女，家務(wù)帶給她們的滿足遠不如其他工作帶給男子或職業(yè)婦女的滿足。

12.單選題

Overthelastfifteenyears,runninghasbecomeapopular（

）for30million

participantsofallages.

問題1選項

A.fantasy

B.pastime

C.symposium

D.penalty

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。fantasy“幻想”；pastime“消遣，娛樂”；symposium“座談會’；penalty“懲罰”。句意：在過去的三十年里，跑步對于3000萬名各個年齡層的參與者來說成為了一種非常受歡迎的消遣方式。選項B符合題意。

13.不定項選擇題

InonlytwodecadesAsianAmericanshavebecomethefastest-growingU.S.minority.Astheirchildrenbeganmovingupthroughthenation’sschools,itbecameclearthatanewclassofacademicachieverswasemerging.Theirachievementsarereflectedinthenation’sbestuniversities,wheremathematics,scienceandengineeringdepartmentshavetakenonadecidedlyAsiancharacter.ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish.Theyarealsoinfluencedbythepromiseofagoodjobaftercollege.Asiansfeeltherewillbelessunfairtreatmentinareaslikemathematicsandsciencebecausetheywillbejudgedmoreobjectively.Andthereturnontheinvestmentineducationismoreimmediateinsomethinglikeengineeringthanwithanartsdegree.

MostAsian-AmericanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildrentakefulladvantageofwhattheAmericaneducationalsystemhastooffer.Aneffectivemeasureofparentalattentionishomework.AsianparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildrenthanAmericanparentsdo,andithelps.ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation.

BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation.Indeed,itwasnotuntil1952thatlawswerelaiddowngivingallAsianimmigrantstherighttocitizenship.

1.Whilemakingtremendousachievementsatcollege,Asian-Americanstudents（）.

2.WhatarethemajorfactorsthatdeterminethesuccessofAsianAmericans?

3.FewAsian-Americanstudentsmajorinhumansciencesmainlybecause（）.

4.Whydothetwo“explanations”(Para.3,Line.1)worryAsianAmericans?

5.Theauthor’stoneinthispassageis（）.

問題1選項

A.feeltheyaremistreatedbecauseoflimitedknowledgeofEnglish.

B.areafraidthattheiracademicsuccessesbearastrongAsiancharacter

C.generallyfeelitashametohavetodependontheirparents

D.stillworryaboutunfairtreatmentinsociety

問題2選項

A.AsolidfoundationinbasicmathematicsandAsianculture.

B.Hardworkandintelligence.

C.HardworkandalimitedknowledgeofEnglish.

D.AsiancultureandtheAmericaneducationalsystem.

問題3選項

A.theirEnglishisnotgoodenough

B.thereisawidedifferencebetweenAsianandWesterncultures

C.theyareafraidtheymightmeetwithunfairjudgmentintheseareas

D.theyknowlittleaboutAmericancultureandsociety

問題4選項

A.TheyareafraidthattheywouldagainbeisolatedfromAmericansocietyingeneral.

B.PeoplewouldthinkthatAsianstudentrelyontheirparentsforsuccess.

C.Asian-Americanswouldbethreattootherminorities.

D.AmericanacademicachievementshavetakenontoostronganAsiancharacter.

問題5選項

A.sympathetic

B.objective

C.critical

D.doubtful

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation（許多研究者還認為，亞洲文化中有一些東西需要成功，比如強調(diào)家庭價值觀和強調(diào)教育的理想）以及第三段第一，二句BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation（這兩種對學(xué)業(yè)成功的解釋都讓亞裔美國人感到擔(dān)憂，因為他們擔(dān)心自己會形成一種典型的種族形象。許多人還記得，中國、日本和菲律賓移民曾是社會孤立的受害者）可以判斷出D選項“仍然擔(dān)心社會上的不公平待遇”正確以及B選項“擔(dān)心他們的學(xué)術(shù)成就帶有強烈的亞洲特色”錯誤，亞裔美國學(xué)生擔(dān)心他們的學(xué)術(shù)成就帶有強烈的亞洲特色根本原因是害怕亞洲特色會讓他們在社會上遭遇不公平的待遇；A選項“覺得自己因為英語知識有限而受到不公平對待”在原文中未提及；根據(jù)文章第二段第一句MostAsian-Americanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparents（大多數(shù)亞裔美國人把他們的成功歸功于父母的影響）可知C選項“通常覺得依靠父母是件可恥的事”錯誤；因此D選項符合題意。

第2題:細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)原文第一段ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish（這種對數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)的特別喜愛部分是由這樣一個事實解釋的：亞裔美國學(xué)生在國外開始接受教育時，在美國有堅實的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，但很少或根本不懂英語）以及第二段最后一句ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation（許多研究者還認為，亞洲文化中有一些東西需要成功，比如強調(diào)家庭價值觀和強調(diào)教育的理想）可知A選項“扎實的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)和亞洲文化”正確以及C選項“努力學(xué)習(xí)和有限的英語知識”錯誤；B選項“勤奮和智慧”在原文未提及；根據(jù)第二段MostAsian-Americanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildrentakefulladvantageof