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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-四川外國語大學(xué)成都學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.翻譯題
2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.
和平與發(fā)展是當(dāng)今世界的兩大主題。維護(hù)世界和平,加強(qiáng)友好合作,促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展是各國人民的共同愿望。當(dāng)前,貧困、失業(yè)、難民、犯罪、人口膨脹、環(huán)境惡化、毒品泛濫、恐怖主義等問題仍然嚴(yán)峻,影響著全球的穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展。中國與西方國家雖然國情不同,但在一系列重大國際問題上具有廣泛一致的利益。我對中國同西方各國關(guān)系的改善與發(fā)展感到高興。中國政府和人民愿在相互新生和平等互利的基礎(chǔ)上,同包括西方國家在內(nèi)的世界各國政府和人民一道,為和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)做出貢獻(xiàn)。
【答案】參考譯文:Peaceanddevelopmentarethetwomajorthemesintoday'sworld.Themaintenanceofworldpeace,strengtheningfriendshipandcooperationandpromotingcommondevelopmentarethecommonaspirationofallpeoples.Atpresent,poverty,unemployment,refugees,crime,apopulationexplosion,environmentaldegradation,drugtrafficking,terrorismandotherissuesarestillsevereandaffectglobalstabilityanddevelopment.AlthoughChinaandwesterncountrieshavedifferentnationalconditions,bothsideshavebroadlyconsistentinterestsinaseriesofmajorinternationalissues.IamdelightedtoseetheimprovementanddevelopmentoftheconnectionbetweenChinaandwestcountries.ThegovernmentandpeopleofChinawouldliketodevotetothegreatpeaceanddevelopmentonthebasisofmutualtrustandequalityandmutualbenefitwithallthepeopleandallthegovernmentsincludingwestcountries.
2.填空題
Oneofourarticlesisabouttobe(1)inNature.Everyoneispleasedthatit’sappearinginahigh-profileinternationaljournal,buttherewasaserious(2)inourresearchgroup(3)overwhoshouldbetheleadauthor.Someofthe(4)
ofthegrouparestillangry.
【答案】1.published
2.such
3.debate
4.members
【解析】1.語義題。句中的Nature是指一種雜志,我們的文章應(yīng)該是“發(fā)表在”雜志中。
2.語義題。這里填such,suchahigh-profileinternationaljournal表示“如此引入注目的期刊”。
3.固定搭配。debateover就……進(jìn)行討論。
4.語義題。根據(jù)空格后的ofthegroup可以推斷出最后一個(gè)空可以填入members表示“團(tuán)隊(duì)的成員”。
3.單選題
Satellitecommunicationsaresoup-to-datethatevenwhen()inthemiddleofthePacific,businessmencancontacttheirofficesasiftheywerenextdoor.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.gliding
B.cruising
C.piloting
D.patrolling
【答案】B
【解析】gliding滑翔;cruising乘船巡游,巡航,航行;piloting領(lǐng)航,駕駛;patrolling巡查。句意:衛(wèi)星通信是如此的發(fā)達(dá)以致于即使是商人在大西洋中間航行也可以聯(lián)系到他們公司的人,就好像他正在公司的隔壁一樣。因此,本題選B。
4.單選題
Theconference()afullweekbythetimeitends.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.musthavelasted
B.willhavelasted
C.wouldlast
D.haslasted
【答案】B
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)題干以及選項(xiàng)可知本題考查時(shí)態(tài)的用法,又根據(jù)bythetimeitends:到會(huì)議結(jié)束的時(shí)候,以及句意可知本題應(yīng)該使用將來完成時(shí)態(tài),因此選項(xiàng)B為正確選項(xiàng)。句意:到會(huì)議結(jié)束時(shí)將已經(jīng)持續(xù)整整一周了。
5.單選題
Sheoughttostopwork;shehasaheadachebecauseshe______toolong.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.hasbeenreading
B.hadread
C.isreading
D.read
【答案】A
【解析】【試題解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:她應(yīng)該停止工作;她因?yàn)榭磿枚^痛?,F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作從某一時(shí)間開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,可能仍然要繼續(xù)下去,或者剛剛終止。根據(jù)前半句她應(yīng)該停止工作可知看書的動(dòng)作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,可能要繼續(xù)下去,確定用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),A選項(xiàng)hasbeenreading符合題意。B選項(xiàng)hadread是過去完成時(shí),動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的過去,側(cè)重事情的結(jié)果;C選項(xiàng)isreading是正在進(jìn)行時(shí),動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生;D選項(xiàng)read是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。
6.單選題
Thestorywassaidto______ontheinformationfromareliablesource.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.beingbased
B.havebeenbased
C.base
D.bebased
【答案】B
【解析】考查詞組辨析。句意:據(jù)說這篇報(bào)道所依據(jù)的消息來源可靠。根據(jù)謂語動(dòng)詞was確定事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生,根據(jù)bebasedon確定保留be動(dòng)詞,確定用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。結(jié)合besaidto加完語態(tài)被動(dòng)式表示動(dòng)作已發(fā)生并且是被動(dòng)語態(tài),所以B選項(xiàng)havebeenbased正確。
7.單選題
Themanagerwouldratherhisdaughter______inthesameoffice.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.hadnotworked
B.nottowork
C.doesnotwork
D.didnotwork
【答案】D
【解析】【試題解析】考查虛擬語氣。句意:經(jīng)理寧愿他的女兒不和他在同一個(gè)辦公室工作。wouldrather后接句子時(shí),句子謂語通常用虛擬語氣,用一般過去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼脑竿?,用過去完成時(shí)表示過去的愿望。在這里沒有明確表明和女兒在同一個(gè)辦公室工作的事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生,而是表示將來,希望這樣的事情不會(huì)發(fā)生,所以從句謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí),D選項(xiàng)didnotwork符合題意。A選項(xiàng)hadnotworked是過去完成時(shí),用于已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情。B選項(xiàng)nottowork和C選項(xiàng)doesnotwork語法錯(cuò)誤。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
8.單選題
Whatsheachievedinherresearchmight(
)whatshehadbeenexpecting.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.exceed
B.exclaim
C.excess
D.extend
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。exceed“超過,勝過”;exclaim“大聲說出”;excess“超過”,名詞;extend“延伸,擴(kuò)大”。
句意:她在研究中的收獲可能超過她的預(yù)期。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
9.單選題
Thosepersonswhosereligious()heavilyreliedonrituals,suchasinfantbap-
tism,weremorelikelytosupporttheDemocrats.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.confession
B.condemnation
C.establishment
D.acknowledgement
【答案】A
【解析】名詞辨析。句意:那些宗教()極為依賴諸如嬰兒洗禮等儀式的人更可能支持民主黨。A選項(xiàng)confession懺悔,承認(rèn);B選項(xiàng)condemnation譴責(zé),定罪;C選項(xiàng)establishment建立;D選項(xiàng)acknowledgement承認(rèn),確認(rèn)。A選項(xiàng)confession符合句意。
10.單選題
Theindustryhaspumped()amountsofmoneyintopoliticalcampaigns,makingitlessandlesslikelythatpoliticianswilldealwiththeissuesensibly.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.potential
B.substantial
C.massive
D.traditional
【答案】B
【解析】形容詞辨析。potential潛在的,有潛力的;substantial大量的;客觀的;massive大而重的,大塊的;traditional傳統(tǒng)的。此處substantial形容amountsofmoney(很大一筆錢)。
11.單選題
Parentsoftenfacedthe()betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhattheycouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.junction
B.paradox
C.premise
D.dilemma
【答案】D
【解析】名詞辨析。句意:父母經(jīng)常面臨這樣的
:是做自己認(rèn)為對孩子發(fā)展有利的事情還是坐視孩子毫無紀(jì)律的吵鬧和破壞。
junction接合點(diǎn),會(huì)合點(diǎn);paradox悖論,自相矛盾的人或事;premise前提,假設(shè);dilemma困境,進(jìn)退兩難。空格后有“between...and...”,因此這里說的是父母在教育孩子時(shí)陷入進(jìn)退兩難的境況,D項(xiàng)dilemma符合句意。
12.單選題
Globalizationisaphenomenonandarevolution.Itissweepingtheworldwithincreasingspeedandchangingthegloballandscapeintosomethingnewanddifferent.Yet,likeallsuchtrends,itsmeaning,development,andimpactpuzzlemany.Wetalkaboutglobalizationandexperienceitseffects,butfewofusreallyunderstandtheforcesthatareatworkintheglobalpoliticaleconomy.
Whenpeopleusetheircellphones,logontotheInternet,vieweventsfromaroundtheworldonlivetelevision,andexperiencevaryingculturesintheirownbackyards,theybegintobelievethatthisprocessofglobalizationisagoodthingthatwillbringavarietyofnewandsophisticatedchangestopeople’slives.Manyaspectsofthistechnologicalrevolutionbringfun,ease,andsophisticationtopeople’sdailylives.Yettheanti-WorldTradeOrganization(WTO)protestsinSeattle,Washingtonin1999andWashington,D.C.in2000aregraphicillustrationsofthefactthatnoteveryonebelievesthatglobalizationisagoodthing.ManyAmericanswhohavefeltleftoutoftheglobaleconomicboom,aswellasLatinAmericans,Africans,andAsianswhofeelthattheirjobskillsandabilitiesarebeingexploitedbymultinationalcorporations(MNCs)inaglobaldivisionoflabor,believethatthissystemdoesnotmeettheirneeds.LocalculturesthatbelievethatWal-MartandMcDonald’sbringingculturalchangeandharmratherthaninexpensiveproductsandconveniencecriticizetheprocess.Inthisway,globalization,likeallrevolutionaryforces,polarizespeople,altersthefabricoftheirlives,andcreatesriftswithinandbetweenpeople.
ManyintheWest,alongwiththeprominentandeliteamongMNCs,educators,andpolicymakers,seemtohaveembracedglobalization.Theyarguethatithelpstostreamlineeconomicsystems,disciplineslaborandmanagement,bringsforthnewtechnologiesandideas,andfuelseconomicgrowth.TheypointtotherelativeprosperityofmanyWesterncountriesandarguethatthisisproofofglobalization’spositiveeffects.Theyseelittleoftheproblemsthecriticsidentify.Infact,thosewhorecognizesomestructuralproblemsinthesystemarguethatdespitetheseissues,globalizationislikeacrossthedevelopingworld,viewglobalizationasaneconomicandculturalwavethattearsatthefabricofcenturies-oldsocieties.Theyseejobsemergingdisappearinginamatterofmonths,peoplemovingacrossthelandscapeinrecordnumbers,elitesamassinghugefortuneswhilelocalculturesandtraditionsaresweptaway,andlocalyouthbeingseducedbypromisesofAmericanmaterialwealthanddistancedfromtheirownculturalroots.Thesecriticslookpasttheallureofglobalizationandfocusonthedisquietingimpactofrapidandsystem-widechange.
Theironyofsuchafar-rangingandrapidhistoricalprocesssuchasglobalizationisthatbothproponentsandcriticsmayberight.Therealitiesofglobalizationarebothintriguingandalarming.Astechnologyandtheglobalinfrastructureexpand,ideas,methods,andservicesaredevelopedanddisseminatedtogreaterandgreaternumbersofpeople.Asaresult,societiesandvaluesarealtered,someforthebetterandothersfortheworse.
1.Theauthorcomplainsthat().
2.Theanti-worldTradeOrganizationprotestsindicatethat().
3.Likeallrevolutionaryforces,theprocessofglobalization().
4.Proponentsofglobalizationsingitspraisesonthebasisof().
5.Tocritics,theworstthingthatglobalizationhasbroughttousis().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.fewofushaveaclearideaabouttheforcesbehindglobalpoliticaleconomy
B.globalizationisnowsweepingtheworldwithincreasingspeed
C.wearepuzzledbythetruemeaningofglobalization
D.toomanypeopleusecellphonestologontotheInternet
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.manypeoplefeelthattheyhavebeenleftout
B.theprocessofglobalizationbringsmorethanfun,easeandentertainment
C.noteveryoneisconvincedthatglobalizationisagoodthing
D.theendofglobalizationhasbecomemoregraphic
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.bringsinexpensiveproducts
B.createsdisagreementsbetweenpeople
C.leadstoculturalchangeandharm
D.artificesthelivesofpeople
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.newtechnologiesandideas
B.changingeconomicsystemsandmanagement
C.relativeprosperityofWesterncountries
D.thisinevitabletideofhistory
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.thepromisesofAmericanmaterialwealth
B.therapidchangeinsocialsystem
C.thedisappearanceoflocalculturesandtraditions
D.theconstantmovementofpeopleacrossthelandscape
【答案】第1題:A
第2題:C
第3題:B
第4題:C
第5題:B
【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段最后一句“butfewofusreallyunderstandtheforcesthatareatworkintheglobalpoliticaleconomy.”但很少有人真正了解在全球政治經(jīng)濟(jì)中起作用的力量。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。
2.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“theanti-worldTradeOrganization”定位到第二段第三句“Yettheanti-WorldTradeOrganization(WTO)...thefactthatnoteveryonebelievesthatglobalizationisagoodthing.”反世貿(mào)組織的抗議活動(dòng)表明并非所有人都認(rèn)為全球化是一件好事。選項(xiàng)C與原文表述一致。
3.根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Inthisway,globalization,likeallrevolutionaryforces,polarizespeople,altersthefabricoftheirlives,andcreatesriftswithinandbetweenpeople.”全球化就像所有的革命力量一樣,使人民兩極分化,改變他們的生活結(jié)構(gòu),并在人們內(nèi)部以及人與人之間制造裂痕。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。
4.根據(jù)第三段第三句“TheypointtotherelativeprosperityofmanyWesterncountriesandarguethatthisisproofofglobalization’spositiveeffects.”他們指出,許多西方國家的相對繁榮證明了全球化的積極影響。選項(xiàng)C正確。
5.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“Thesecriticslookpasttheallureofglobalizationandfocusonthedisquietingimpactofrapidandsystem-widechange.”批評人士認(rèn)為,快速的、全系統(tǒng)的社會(huì)變革帶來了令人不安的影響。也就是說,全球化導(dǎo)致了社會(huì)制度的迅速變化,使人們感到不安,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。
13.單選題
Thediplomat,selectedforherdemonstratedpatienceandskillinconductingsuch
delicatenegotiations,(
)tomakeadecisionduringthetalksbecauseanysuddencommitmentatthattimewouldhavebeen(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.resolved...detrimental
B.hesitated...warranted
C.declined...inopportune
D.struggled...unconscionable
【答案】C
【解析】動(dòng)詞和形容詞辨析。第一個(gè)空的選項(xiàng)為resolve“決定,溶解”;hesitate“猶豫,有疑慮";decline“下降,衰落,婉拒”;struggle“努力,掙扎,對抗”,根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞patience和suddencommitment推斷出第一個(gè)空應(yīng)選則填入declined;第二個(gè)空的選項(xiàng)為detrimental不利的,有害的”;warranted“保證的,擔(dān)保的”;inopportune“不適當(dāng)?shù)模缓蠒r(shí)機(jī)的”;unconscionable“昧著良心的,肆無忌憚的,過度的”;據(jù)第一個(gè)空的選詞和句意‘因在如此微妙的談判中表現(xiàn)出來的耐心和技巧而當(dāng)選的這位外交官拒絕在會(huì)談中做出決定,因?yàn)樵谀欠N情況下,任何突然的承諾都是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?。’確定第二個(gè)空填入inopportune,C選項(xiàng)正確。
14.單選題
Alineinasongasks,“Doesanyonereallyknowwhattimeitis?”Thisquestioncouldeasilyapplytocalendars!Didyouknowthatourideasabouttimeareaffectedbyreligion?Differentfaithsusedifferenttypesofcalendarstomeasuretime.
Oddstructures,suchasStonehengeinEngland,mayhavebeenusedtomeasuretimelongago.Theseancientrocksstandinacirclelikelarge,grayLegos.Somepeoplethinkthattherocksrelatetothepositionofthesun.Nooneknowshowpeoplemovedthemintothisinformation,butitwasprobablyalotofwork.Ifitwasacalendar,itsurewasabigone!TheAztecsalsohadarockcalendarthatwasrelatedtothesun.TheyhadaSunStonethatshowedtheirsungodinthecenter.
Thecalendaryouareprobablymostfamiliarisalsobasedonthesun.ThepowerfulRomanEmperor,JuliusCaesar,firstadoptedthesolarcalendarin46B.C.Thecycleoftheyearinasolarcalendarismeasuredfromoneequinoxtothenext.Asolarcalendarhastobeadjustedeverysooftentokeepintimewiththesun.In1582,PopeGregoryXHfirstauthorizedtakingafewdaysoutofeveryyearforthepurposeofadjustingthecalendar.Peopledidn’tlikethisonebitbecausetheythoughttheywerelosingtime!IttookcenturiesforEuropeanstogetusedtothisconcept.
Eventually,asystemwasworkedouttoaddasingledaytothecalendareveryfouryears.Soitwassynchronizedwiththeseasons.Theextradaymadeeveryfourthyear366dayslong.Thesespecialyearsarecalledleapyears,andwecalledtheextradaytothemonthofFebruary.IfyouknowsomeonewhosebirthdayisFebruary29,youknowthatheorshewasborninaleapyear.ThiscalendariscalledtheGregoriancalendar,anditisusedintheUnitedStatesandotherChristiancountries.
Muslimsuseadifferentkindofcalendar.Theirlunarcalendarisbasedonthecyclesofthemoon,anditiscompletelydifferentthanasolarone.AccordingtotheMuslimholybook,theKoran,Allahsaid,“Truly,twelvemonthsisthenumberofthemonthswithGod,accordingtotheGod’sBook,eversinceHecreatedheavenandEarth.”AnewMuslimmonthdoesnotstartuntiltworeliablewitnesseshaveseenthenewmoon.MuslimfamiliesoftentakewalksintheeveningtofindthefirstyellowsliceofthenewmoontostartRamadan,theirmonth-longfast.
1.Accordingtotheauthorofthearticle,()hasinfluencedourwayofmeasuringthetime.
2.Weknowfromthearticlethat()calendarisbasedonthecycleofthemoon.
3.FromthearticlewecaninferthatRamadanisaMuslimfestival,whichlastsfor().
4.Theverb“synchronize”(Line1,Paragraph4)probablymeans().
5.Thecalendarthatmostpeoplearefamiliarwithwasfirstadoptedby().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.theuniverse
B.thePope
C.religion
D.nature
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Gregorian
B.solar
C.Christian
D.lunar
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.onemonth
B.oneweek
C.fourdays
D.twentyfivedays
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.tocausetooccurfourdayslater
B.tocausetohappenfourdaysearlier
C.tohappenbeforehandorafterwards
D.tocausetohappenatthesametime
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.theChristian
B.thePope
C.JuliusCaesar
D.theMuslims
【答案】第1題:C
第2題:D
第3題:A
第4題:D
第5題:C
【解析】1.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Differentfaithsusedifferenttypesofcalendarstomeasuretime.”不同信仰的人使用不同類型的日歷來計(jì)算時(shí)間。信仰和宗教相關(guān),所以選項(xiàng)C正確。
2.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Theirlunarcalendarisbasedonthecyclesofthemoon...”他們的農(nóng)歷是以月亮的周期為基礎(chǔ)的。選項(xiàng)D正確。
3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“MuslimfamiliesoftentakewalksintheeveningtofindthefirstyellowsliceofthenewmoontostartRamadan,theirmonth-longfast.”穆斯林家庭經(jīng)常在晚上散步,以尋找第一彎黃月牙,開始長達(dá)一個(gè)月的齋月。選項(xiàng)A正確。
4.詞義推斷題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知,最終,一個(gè)系統(tǒng)被設(shè)計(jì)出來,每四年在日歷上增加一天。目的是為了保證日期與季節(jié)能夠保持同步,所以選項(xiàng)D符合句意。
5.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“ThepowerfulRomanEmperor,JuliusCaesar,firstadoptedthesolarcalendarin46B.C.”可知選項(xiàng)C正確。
15.單選題
Itgavemeastrangefeelingofexcitementtoseemynamein(
).
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.news
B.print
C.publication
D.press
【答案】B
【解析】考查名詞辨析。news意為“新聞,消息”;print意為“印刷業(yè),印記”;publication意為“出版”;press意為“新聞,出版社”。inprint意為“印出來”。
句意:當(dāng)看到我的名字出現(xiàn)在出版物上時(shí),我有一種奇怪的興奮感。
16.單選題
Thegeneralmanagerofourcompanyisagoodlistener.Healways()ourproposalsenthusiastically.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.takesin
B.takeson
C.takesup
D.takesto
【答案】A
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)takesin“接受,吸收,領(lǐng)會(huì),欺騙”;B選項(xiàng)takeson“承擔(dān),呈現(xiàn),具有”;C選項(xiàng)takesup“拿起,開始從事,占據(jù)(時(shí)間,地方)”;D選項(xiàng)takesto“喜歡,走向”。句意:我們公司的總經(jīng)理是個(gè)善于傾聽的人。他總是熱情地()我們的建議。根據(jù)題意,可以推測出,總經(jīng)理是個(gè)善于傾聽的人,所以他會(huì)熱情地接受我們的建議,因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。
17.單選題
Dr.Smithfailedmanytimesbuthefinally(
)tofindasuccessfulwaytosolvetheproblem.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.brokeoff
B.brokedown
C.brokeout
D.brokethrough
【答案】D
【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)breakoff“(使)分離”;B選項(xiàng)breakdown“失敗”;C選項(xiàng)breakout“突然發(fā)生,爆發(fā)”;D選項(xiàng)breakthrough“突圍,突破”。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but可知句子前面表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,由failedmanytimes(多次失敗)與finally(最終)可知D選項(xiàng)符合語境。句意:史密斯醫(yī)生失敗了很多次,但他最終突破了,找到了解決問題的成功方法。
18.單選題
Whateverthecauses,theEnglishbytheendoftheyear2050willhavebeenmorewidelyspokenandwrittenthananyotherlanguage______.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.everwas
B.hadeverbeen
C.wouldeverbe
D.haseverbeen
【答案】D
【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:不管原因是什么,到2050年年底,英語的使用和書寫將比現(xiàn)在任何其他語言都要廣泛。willhavebeen是將來完成時(shí),此句表示英語在未來會(huì)比到目前為止在用的任何一門語言都應(yīng)用廣泛,形容其他語言的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),D選項(xiàng)haseverbeen符合題意。A選項(xiàng)everwas是一般過去時(shí),B選項(xiàng)hadeverbeen是過去完成時(shí),C選項(xiàng)wouldeverbe是過去將來時(shí),不符合語境。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。
19.單選題
Thebranchesofthesmalltreecouldhardly(
)theweightofthefruit.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.retain
B.maintain
C.remain
D.sustain
【答案】D
【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。retain“保持,記住”;maintain“保持”;remain“保持,留下”;sustain“維持,支持,支撐”。句意;小樹的枝丫很難承受果實(shí)的重量。D項(xiàng)符合題意。
20.單選題
Hisface(
)ashecameinafterrunningallthewayfromschool.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.flared
B.fluctuated
C.fluttered
D.flushed
【答案】D
【解析】考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。Flare“閃光”;fluctuate“波動(dòng),漲落”;flutter“飄動(dòng)”;flush“使激動(dòng),臉紅”。句意:他一路從學(xué)校跑回家,臉通紅。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。
21.單選題
Language,cultureandpersonalitymaybeconsidered()ofeachotherinthought,buttheyareinseparableinfact.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.indistinctly
B.indefinitely
C.irrelevantly
D.independently
【答案】D
【解析】indistinctly朦朧地;indefinitely無限地,不明確地;irrelevantly不相干地;independently獨(dú)立地。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)填入與inseparable相反的詞,選項(xiàng)D符合語境。
22.翻譯題
ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.
(1)Becauseanalysisultimatelyrestswiththethinkingandchoicesoftheresearcher,qualitativestudiesingeneralarelimitedbyresearchersubjectivity.Therefore,anoverridingconcernisthatofresearcherbias,framingasitdoesassumptions,interests,perceptions,andneeds.(2)Oneofthekeylimitationsofthisstudyistheissueofsubjectivityandpotentialbiasregardingtheresearcher’sownparticipationinadoctoralprogramfirstasastudentandcurrentlyasafacultymember.
(3)Arelatedlimitationwasthatintervieweesmayhavehaddifficultyadjustingto
the
researchertakingontheroleofinterviewer,aphenomenonreferredtobyMaxwellasparticipantreactivity.Becauseafewoftheparticipantsknowtheresearcher,theirresponsesmayhavebeeninfluencedoraffected.(4)Theymayhavetriedoverlyhardtocooperatewiththeresearcherbyofferinghertheresponsestheyperceivedshewasseekingorwhichtheyperceivedmightbehelpfultoher.Alternatively,becauseoffamiliaritywiththeresearcher,thesefewparticipantsmighthavebeenguardedandthereforelesscandidintheirresponses.Recognizingtheselimitations,theresearchertookthefollowingmeasures.(5)
Toreducethelimitationofpotentialbiasduringdataanalysis,theresearcherremovedallparticipantnamesandcodedallinterviewtranscriptsblindlysoasnottoassociateanymaterialordatawithanyparticularindividual.Furthermore,shemadeaconsciousattempttocreateanenvironmentthatwasconducivetohonestandopendialogue.Experienceasaninterviewer,aswellaspriorresearchexperience,washelpfulinthisregard.
【答案】由于分析最終取決于研究者的思維和選擇,定性研究一般受到研究者主體性的限制。
本研究的主要局限性之一是,研究人員以學(xué)生身份和教師身份參與博士項(xiàng)目的主觀性和潛在偏見問題。
與此相關(guān)的一個(gè)限制是,受訪者可能難以適應(yīng)研究人員扮演采訪者的角色,麥克斯韋將這種現(xiàn)象稱為參與者反應(yīng)。
他們可能過于努力地與研究人員合作,向她提供他們認(rèn)為她正在尋找的答案,或者他們認(rèn)為可能對她有幫助的答案。
為了減少數(shù)據(jù)分析過程中潛在偏見的限制,研究者刪除了所有參與者的姓名,盲目地對所有訪談?dòng)涗涍M(jìn)行編碼,不將任何材料或數(shù)據(jù)與任何特定的個(gè)體相關(guān)聯(lián)。
23.單選題
______thechanceandthemoney,I’dcomeandseeyouinNewYorkintheforeseeablefuture.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.Given
B.Assuming
C.Withregardto
D.Considering
【答案】A
【解析】【試題解析】考查定語從句。A選項(xiàng)Given“如果有(機(jī)會(huì)等);鑒于”,介詞;B選項(xiàng)Assuming“假如”,從屬連詞,assuming(that)+從句;C選項(xiàng)Withregardto“關(guān)于,至于”;D選項(xiàng)Considering“考慮到;就……而言;鑒于”。句意:______有機(jī)會(huì)和錢,在可預(yù)見的將來我一定會(huì)來紐約看你。根據(jù)語境,這里指有機(jī)會(huì)和錢的時(shí)候會(huì)來看你,并且橫線后面跟名詞短語,A選項(xiàng)Given“如果有(機(jī)會(huì)等)”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。
24.寫作題
Directions:Mr.Liu,45yearsold,isoneofyourfriendsandhaspassedthePhDentranceexaminationrecently,andyou’vejustgotthisnews.Writetohimaletterofcongratulation.
Writeyourletterwithnolessthan100words.WriteitneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Startyourletterwith“DearMr.Liu”.DoNOTsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter;use“ChenLing”instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.
【答案】DearMr.Liu,
IamwritingtooffermysincerecongratulationsonyourpassingthePhDentranceexamination.Iknowyouhavestudiedveryhardthistime,soIamreallygladtoseeyourhardworkpaidoff.Iamsureyourfamilyandfriendsmustbeveryproudofyou.Youshowedmethatageisnotabarriertoadvancement.PassingthePhDentranceexaminationisafreshstartforyou,whichwillbringyouagoodopportunitytolearnfromthetopprofessors.Besides,itisgoodforyoutostudywithsomanyexcellentstudentswhoofcoursewillgiveyouthemotivationtostudyhard.Iwishyougreatersuccessinuniversityandafruitfullifeinthefuture.
Sincerelyyours,
ChenLing
25.單選題
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.response
B.answer
C.correspondence
D.echo
【答案】A
【解析】名詞詞義辨析。response“反響,反應(yīng)”;answer“回答,答案”;correspondence“通信,一致”;echo“回音”。句意:他刊登在報(bào)紙上的廣告受到了很好的反響,她受到了一百多封申請信。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。
26.單選題
Youcan’tletyoureyesglideacrossthelinesofabookand(
)anunderstandingofwhatyouhaveread.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.comeupto
B.comeacross
C.comearound
D.comeupwith
【答案】D
【解析】comeupto達(dá)到,等于;comeacross偶遇,無意中發(fā)現(xiàn);comearound順便來訪,蘇醒;comeupwith提出,想出,趕上。句意:快速地瀏覽一本書,你無法理解閱讀的內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。
27.單選題
Hesaidheismy______friendbutIdon’tthinkso.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.intensive
B.onion
C.intimate
D.occasion
【答案】C
【解析】【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)intensive“密集的”;B選項(xiàng)onion“洋蔥,蔥頭”;C選項(xiàng)intimate“親密的,密切的”;D選項(xiàng)occasion“某次,……的時(shí)候”。句意:他說他是我______的朋友,但我不這么認(rèn)為。根據(jù)語境,這里形容的是我們之間的關(guān)系是怎樣的,C選項(xiàng)intimate“親密的,密切的”符合題意。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。
28.單選題
Abutterfly’swinghasmyriadtinyscales.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.prodigious
B.spectacular
C.countless
D.appalling
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)prodigious“驚人的,異常的,奇妙的”,B項(xiàng)spectacular“壯觀的,驚人的”,C項(xiàng)countless“無數(shù)的,數(shù)不盡的”,D項(xiàng)appalling“可怕的,令人震驚的”。句意:蝴蝶的翅膀上有無數(shù)細(xì)小的鱗片。根據(jù)句意可知,myriad在句中表示“無數(shù)的”,因此,該題選擇C項(xiàng)。
29.單選題
Recentlyanumberofcaseshavebeenreportedofyoungchildren()aviolentactprevi-ouslyseenontelevision.
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.modifying
B.duplicating
C.accelerating
D.stimulating
【答案】B
【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:最近報(bào)道了很多案例:孩子們總是以前在電視上見過的暴力行為。modify修改,修飾;duplicate復(fù)制,重復(fù);accelerate加速,促進(jìn);stimulate刺激。B項(xiàng)duplicate在此可譯為“模仿”。
30.單選題
Therearethreegeneralmethodspeopleusetoexplainandunderstandtheirworld:beliefs,pseudo-science,andscience.
Whatarebeliefs?Well,simplyput,beliefsarewhatyoubelievetobetrue.Inthisfirstmethodofinterpretingmanandtheworld,certainpeopleprovedtheinformationabouthowtheworldworks.Theirteachingsarebeyondquestion.Theirfollowersacceptthesebeliefsbecausetheywanttoacceptthem,notbecauseofscientificevidence.Someexamplesarereligions,suchasChristianity.ChristiansbelieveinoneGod,whocreatedtheuniverseandallthatisinit.TheybelievethatthisGodisactiveinhistory,guidingandteachingHispeople.Likemanyreligions,Christianityprovidesanumberofspecificmoralrulesandprinciplesthatmakeupanimportantpartofitsteachings.Superstitions,suchasFungShui,arealsocommonexamplesofbeliefs.
Pseudoscience,alsocalledfakescience,isanybodyorknowledge,methodology,belief,orpracticethatclaimstobescientificorismadetoappearscientific,butisactuallynot.Inpseudoscience,peopleacceptopinions,orchosetobelievecertainfactswhileintentionallyignoringothers,resultinginafalseunderstandingofthingsandevents.Beliefsinmagic,monsters,andghostsfallintothiscategory.BothChineseQigongandIndianYogaareverygoodphysicalexercisesthatcanhelptheirpractitionerskeepfit,butwhensomemagicalpower,theyareturningQigongorYogaintopseudoscience.Manypeoplefol?lowpseudosciencebecausebeliefinmagicormysteriouspowersisentertaining.Astrologyhasmillionsoffollowersallaroundtheworld,notbecauseithelpsthemdealwiththeworldinanybetterway,onlybe?causeitisjustfun.
Ofthethreemethods,onlyscienceprovidesarationalwayofunderstandingtheworlD.Itdoesnotprovideamoralsystemasreligiondoes,anditmaynotalwaysbeasentertainingaspseudosciencesometimesis,butitistheonlymethodthatrequiresconstanttestingoffacts,beliefsandideas,resultinginchangingtheoriesaswegetnewinformation.Scienceteachesustodrawconclusionsbasedonevidenceanditalsoteachesus"thatsomeevidenceisstrongerthanotherevidence,andhowtojudgetheevidence.Throughourstudyofscience,welearntoacceptuncertainty,toquestionfactsandtheories,andtosearchconstantlyfortruth.
MostofususeallthreemethodsindifferentproportionstoviewourworlD.Somescientistsbelieveintheorieswithoutsupportingevidence.Andthescientificmethodisoftenusedforunscientificpurposes.Butscienceistheonlymethodthatisconstantlychanging.Itdoesnotdependontheteachingsofoneman.Eachscientistbuildsontheworkofothersandhisfindings,inturn,areusedbyotherstoincreaseourknowledgeoftheworld.
1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeagoodtitleofthepassage?
2.Whichofthefollowingistrue?
3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutscience?
4.WhichofthefollowingisTUREaboutpseudoscience?
5.Theword"astrology"(Paragraph3)mostprobablyrefersto().
問題1選項(xiàng)
A.ScienceandPseudoscience.
B.ReligionandScience.
C.Science,PseudoscienceandReligion.
D.DifferentWaysofViewingtheWorld.
問題2選項(xiàng)
A.Nobeliefsaresupportedbyscientificevidence.
B.Pseudosciencealwaysleadstofalseunderstandingofthingsorevents.
C.Scienceneverquestionsfacts.
D.Scientistsacceptnotingwithoutscientificevidence.
問題3選項(xiàng)
A.Scienceacceptsuncertainty.
B.Sciencedoesnotpushpeopletofollowanyspecificsetofmoralrules.
C.Scienceteachesustoweighdifferentevidence.
D.Scienceurgesusnottoacceptanybeliefsorideas.
問題4選項(xiàng)
A.Qigongispseudoscience.
B.Pseudoscienceprovidesnosupportingevidence.
C.Pseudosciencecanbeentertaining.
D.Pseudosciencehasnothingtodowithbeliefs.
問題5選項(xiàng)
A.studyofthepositionofstarsinthebeliefthattheyinfluencehumanaffairs
B.asetofmethodsusedindoingthingsefficientlyinourlife
C.centraldataprocessingunitofacomputerpopularlyusedtoday
D.scientificstudyoftheearth'scrust,rocks,etC.andofthehistoryofitsdevelopment
【答案】第1題:D
第2題:B
第3題:D
第4題:C
第5題:A
【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文第一段提出了三個(gè)不同的世界觀,接下來分別進(jìn)行具體闡述,最后進(jìn)行總結(jié)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確,其他選項(xiàng)都比較片面,選項(xiàng)D正確,全文都是在描述看待世界的三種方法。
2.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第四句"Theirfollowersaccept...scientificevidence."他們的追隨者接受這些信仰,是因?yàn)樗麄冊敢饨邮?而不是因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)證據(jù)。所以選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤;根據(jù)第三段的第二句"Inpseudoscience,...,resultinginafalseunderstandingofthingsandevents."可知選項(xiàng)B正確;根據(jù)第四段的最后一句"Throughourstudyofscience,,...tosearchconstantlyfortruth."通過對科學(xué)的學(xué)習(xí),我們學(xué)會(huì)了接受不確定性,質(zhì)疑事實(shí)和理論,不斷地尋找真理。所以選項(xiàng)C錯(cuò)誤;選項(xiàng)D說法太絕對,所以不正確。只有選項(xiàng)B符合原文。
3.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句"Throughourstudyofscience,,...tosearchconstantly
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