考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽審計(jì)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽審計(jì)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Thisbookisthe（

）ofsome20yearsofscientificresearch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.participation

B.tolerance

C.alliance

D.outcome

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)participation“參與；分享；參股”；B選項(xiàng)tolerance“公差；寬容；容忍”；C選項(xiàng)alliance“聯(lián)盟；聯(lián)姻”；D選項(xiàng)outcome“結(jié)果；成果”。句意：這本書是20多年科學(xué)研究的……。由句意和選項(xiàng)分析可知，書只能是研究“成果”，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Manysoldiershavetoremindthemselveswhentheyreturnhomenottouse（

）languageofthebarracks.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.vulgar

B.gross

C.rough

D.coarse

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)vulgar“通俗的”；B選項(xiàng)gross“惡劣的”；C選項(xiàng)rough“粗糙的”；D選項(xiàng)coarse“粗俗的，下等的”。句意：許多士兵回家后不得不提醒自己不要在軍營(yíng)里說(shuō)粗話?選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

3.單選題

Ifonlythecommittee（

）theregulationandputthemintoeffectassoonaspossible.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.approve

B.willapprove

C.canapprove

D.wouldapprove

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。ifonly表示“要是……就好了”，此處是對(duì)將來(lái)的虛擬，因此謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用would/should/could/+動(dòng)詞原形，選D。句意：如果委員會(huì)能批準(zhǔn)這項(xiàng)條例并盡快付諸實(shí)施就好了。

4.單選題

Chadperformshis24-footaluminumboatpastyoungwillowtreesthatstickoutofthewatersoftheMississippiRiver.Sunshinedancesoffmaples,theirbranchesheavywith（1）springleaves.Buta

（2）inspectiondisclosestroublebehindthebeautifulsight.Rubbishis

（3）inalogjamandhangsfromthetrees’branches.

ForthenextthreehoursChasandhisteampullplasticbags,tanks,bottlesandevenbowlingpinsoutofthewater.Thenthey（4）forapicnictablecaughtinthetrees.

TheMississippiRiverBeautification&RestorationProjectbeganin1997（5）Chad’sone-manefforttopickuprubbishalonga400-milestretchofthe2340-mileriverstarted.Thatyear,oftenworking

（6）,the22-year-oldcleaned150milesofshoreline.

Atfirsttheprojectappearedimpossibleanduseless.ButChadtriedhisbesttofindsupporters,andwiththeirsupporting,hesoonhadanew

（7）andafive-manteam—theBoomCraneCrew.Lastyearalonethecrewpulledfromthewater44051gallondrums,1104tyresandenoughplasticbagstocoverafootballfield.Muchofthewastewillbe（8）.

“Chad’soperationistheonlyone（9）

inprogressontheriver,”saysMarkoftheMississippiRiverBasinAlliance,a（10）ofenvironmentalgroups.“It’sthebiggestI’veeverseenin20years,andheisinspiringotherstodothesame.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ripe

B.brown

C.falling

D.fresh

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.slower

B.quicker

C.closer

D.stricter

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.placed

B.piled

C.trapped

D.thrown

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.come

B.give

C.head

D.arrive

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.by

C.for

D.as

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.alone

B.hard

C.quietly

D.happily

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.car

B.boat

C.plan

D.crew

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.burned

B.buried

C.used

D.recycled

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.eagerly

B.actually

C.strongly

D.generally

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.lab

B.market

C.union

D.meeting

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

第6題:A

第7題:B

第8題:D

第9題:B

第10題:C

【解析】（1）考查上下文語(yǔ)義?？崭裉幮揎椀脑~語(yǔ)是leaves“樹葉”，其前面還有一個(gè)spring“春天的”修飾，春天的樹葉應(yīng)是D選項(xiàng)fresh“新鮮的”。

（2）考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)slower“較慢的”；B選項(xiàng)quicker“快一些”；C選項(xiàng)closer“更近些”；D選項(xiàng)stricter“更嚴(yán)格一點(diǎn)”。句意：但是……的檢查揭示了美麗景象背后的問題。只有更仔細(xì)些觀看才能發(fā)現(xiàn)美景后的問題，而仔細(xì)看的第一步是“靠近些看”，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

（3）考查動(dòng)詞辨析。此處為be動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)。A選項(xiàng)place“放置；任命；寄予”；B選項(xiàng)pile“累積；堆積”；C選項(xiàng)trap“使……陷入困境；捕捉”；D選項(xiàng)throw“投擲；拋”。句意：垃圾被漂浮阻塞的木頭……，或掛在樹枝上。河道上的木頭會(huì)把垃圾圈起來(lái)，一起漂浮在河面，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

（4）考查固定搭配。本句表示：接著他們駛向卡在樹中間的野餐桌。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有C選項(xiàng)head才可與空格后的for搭配，headfor表示“向……進(jìn)發(fā)”。

（5）考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的用法?？崭袂昂笫莾蓚€(gè)完整句子，因此空格處應(yīng)填入關(guān)聯(lián)詞，先排除B和C。句中說(shuō)到的“密西西比河美化和還原項(xiàng)目”開始于Chad的“收集垃圾”行動(dòng)。因此主句與從句的動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，排除A選項(xiàng)when，D選項(xiàng)正確。

（6）考查副詞辨析?？崭裉幵~語(yǔ)修飾前面的working因此為副詞詞性。A選項(xiàng)alone“獨(dú)自地”；B選項(xiàng)hard“努力地；困難地”；C選項(xiàng)quietly“安靜地；秘密地；平穩(wěn)地”；D選項(xiàng)happily“快樂地；幸福地”。句意：那一年，22歲的他經(jīng)?！ぷ?，清理了150英里長(zhǎng)的海岸線。上一句說(shuō)到“one-maneffort一個(gè)人的努力”，因此A選項(xiàng)workingalone更符合文意。

（7）考查上下文語(yǔ)義。文章開頭提到了交通工具“24-footaluminumboat24英尺鋁船”，這里對(duì)應(yīng)的交通工具也應(yīng)是船，指Chad獲得支持后，有了新的船和一個(gè)五人團(tuán)隊(duì)、B選項(xiàng)正確。

（8）上下文語(yǔ)義。上一句說(shuō)到，收集的垃圾是“gallondrum加侖桶、tyre輪胎和plasticbag塑料袋”，因此這些垃圾應(yīng)該被recycled“回收利用”，而不是焚燒或掩埋，自然也無(wú)法再使用。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

（9）考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)eagerly“急切地；渴望地”；B選項(xiàng)actually“實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上”；C選項(xiàng)strongly“鑒定地；強(qiáng)有力地”；D選項(xiàng)generally“通常；普遍地”。句意：……查德是唯一一個(gè)在河上開展此活動(dòng)的人。綜合句意及選項(xiàng)可知，此處B選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上”符合邏輯與語(yǔ)境。

（10）考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)lab“實(shí)驗(yàn)室”；B選項(xiàng)market“市場(chǎng)；行情”；C選項(xiàng)union“聯(lián)盟；工會(huì)”；D選項(xiàng)meeting“會(huì)議；集合”?？崭裉幉糠质怯脕?lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明逗號(hào)前的“theMississippiRiverBasinAlliance密西西比河流域聯(lián)盟”，因此只有C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

5.單選題

Ozoneisabluishgasthatisharmfultobreathe.Nearly90%oftheEarth’sozoneisinthestratosphereandisreferredtoastheozonelayer.OzoneabsorbsabandofultravioletradiationcalledUVBthatisparticularlyharmfultolivingorganisms.Stratosphericozoneisconstantlybeingcreatedanddestroyedthroughnaturalcycles.Variousozonedepletingsubstanceshowever,acceleratethedestructionprocesses,resultinginlowerthannormalozonelevels.ReductionsinozonelevelswillleadtohigherlevelsofUVBreachingtheEarth’ssurface.Thesun’soutputofUVBdoesnotchange;rather,lessozonemeanslessprotection,andhencemoreUVBreachestheEarth.StudieshaveshownthatintheAntarctic,theamountofUVBmeasuredatthesurfacecandoubleduringtheannualozonehole.LaboratoryandepidemiologicalstudiesdemonstratethatUVBcausesnonmelanomaskincancerandplaysamajorroleinmalignantmelanomadevelopment.Inaddition,UVBhasbeenlinkedtocataracts.

DramaticlossofozoneinthelowerstratosphereoverAntarcticawasfirstnoticedinthe1970sbyaresearchgroupfromtheBritishAntarcticSurvey(BAS)whoweremonitoringtheatmosphereaboveAntarcticafromaresearchstation.Folklorehasitthatwhenthefirstmeasurementsweretakenin1975,thedropinozonelevelsinthestratospherewassodramaticthatatfirstthescientiststhoughttheirinstrumentswerefaulty.Replacementinstrumentswerebuiltandflownoutanditwasn’tuntiltheyconfirmedtheearliermeasurements,severalmonthslater,thattheozonedepletionobservedwasacceptedasgenuine.AnotherstorygoesthattheBASsatellitedatadidn’tshowthedramaticlossofozonebecausethesoftwareprocessingtherawozonedatafromthesatellitewasprogrammedtotreatverylowvaluesofozoneasbadreadings.LateranalysisoftherawdatawhentheresultsfromtheBritishAntarcticSurveyteamwerepublished,confirmedtheirresultsandshowedthatthelosswasrapidandlarge-scale;overmostoftheAntarcticacontinent.

Ozoneoccursnaturallyintheatmosphere.Theearth’satmosphereiscomposedofseverallayers.WeliveintheTroposphere,groundleveluptoabout10kmhigh,wheremostoftheweatheroccurssuch/asrain,snowandclouds.AbovethatistheStratosphere,animportantregioninwhicheffectssuchastheOzoneHoleandGlobalWarmingoriginate.ThelayernexttospaceistheExosphereandthengoinginwardstherearetheThermosphereandtheMesosphere.Supersonicpassengerjetsflyjustabovethetropospherewhereassubsoniccommercialairlinersareusuallywellinthetroposphere.ThenarrowregionbetweenthesetwopartsoftheatmosphereiscalledtheTropopause.Ozoneformsalayerinthestratosphere,thinnestinthetropicsanddensertowardsthepoles.Theamountofozoneaboveapointontheearth’ssurfaceismeasuredinDobsonunits(DU)—typically~260DUnearthetropicsandhigherelsewhere,thoughtherearelargeseasonalfluctuations.Itiscreatedwhenultravioletradiationintheformofsunlightstrikesthestratosphere,splittingoxygenmoleculestoatomicoxygen.Theatomicoxygenquicklycombineswithfurtheroxygenmoleculestoformozone.

TheOzoneHoleoftengetsconfusedinthepopularpressandbythegeneralpublicwiththeproblemofglobalwarming.Whilstthereisaconnectionbecauseozonecontributestothegreenhouseeffect,theOzoneHoleisaseparateissue.OverAntarctica(andrecentlyovertheArctic),stratosphericozonehasbeendepletedoverthelast15yearsatcertaintimesoftheyear.Thisismainlyduetothereleaseofman-madechemicalscontainingchlorinesuchasCFCs(Chlorofluorocarbons),butalsocompoundscontainingbromine,otherrelatedhalogencompoundsandalsonitrogenoxides.CFCsareacommonindustrialproduct,usedinrefrigerationsystems,airconditioners,aerosols,solventsandintheproductionofsometypesofpackaging.Nitrogenoxidesareaby-productofcombustionprocesses,forexampleaircraftemissions.

TheozonedepleteonprocessbeginswhenCFCsandotherozonedepletingsubstancesareemittedintotheatmospherewherewindsefficientlymixandevenlydistributethegases.CFCsareextremelystable,andtheydonotdissolveinrain.AfteraperiodofseveralyearsnaturalgasesinthestratospherecombinewithCFCsandthisreleaseschlorineatoms,halonsandmethylbromide.Theseinturnallreleasebromineatomsanditistheseatomsthatactuallydestroyozone.Itisestimatedthatonechlorineatomcandestroyover100,000ozonemoleculesbeforeitisremovedfromthestratosphere.

ThefirstglobalagreementtorestrictCFCscamewiththesigningoftheMontrealProtocolin1987ultimatelyaimingtoreducethembyhalfbytheyear2000.Tworevisionsofthisagreementhavebeenmadeinthelightofadvancesinscientificunderstanding,thelatestbeingin1992.Agreementhasbeenreachedonthecontrolofindustrialproductionofmanyhalocarbonsuntiltheyear2030.ThemainCFCswillnotbeproducedbyanyofthesignatoriesaftertheendof1995,exceptforalimitedamountforessentialuses,suchasformedicalsprays.ThecountriesoftheEuropeanCommunityhaveadoptedevenstrictermeasures.RecognizingtheirresponsibilitytotheglobalenvironmenttheyhaveagreedtohaltproductionofthemainCFCsfromthebeginningof1995.Itwasanticipatedthattheselimitationswouldleadtoarecoveryoftheozonelayerwithin50yearsof2000.TheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationestimated2045butrecentinvestigationssuggesttheproblemisperhapsonamuchlargerscalethananticipated.

1.ItisacommonmistaketoassociatetheOzoneHoleproblemwith（）.

2.Commonhouseholdappliancescontributeto（）.

3.Internationalagreementswilleventuallyleadto（）.

4.AnapocryphalBASstorycitesthatequipmentwaschangedtomeasure（）.

5.TheOzonelayerisdestroyedbyaby-productofCFCsreactingwith（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theissueoftheheatingupoftheearth’satmosphere

B.themeasurementofCFCsinDobsonunits

C.thedramaticlossofozoneinthelowerstratosphereoverAntarctica

D.thehigherlevelsofUVBreachingtheEarth’ssurface

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.globalwarming

B.thereleaseofaerosolsandsolvents

C.thestabilizationofCFCsintheair

D.thedischargeofsyntheticchemicalsintotheatmosphere

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.recentinvestigationsintothestrengthofDobsonUnits

B.thecessationofthereleaseofmostCFCgasesintotheatmosphere

C.thescientificunderstandingintheinternationalcommunity

D.thereductionofindustrialproductionofmanyhalocarbons

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.thelocationofthelayerrelativetotheearth

B.thesatelliteorbitingtheearth

C.therawdataofthedramaticlossofozone

D.theapparentlyanomalousreadingstakenearlier

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.thenormalcomponentsoftheearth’satmosphere

B.chlorineatoms,halonsandmethylbromide

C.aircraftemissions

D.atomicoxygen

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段的第一句話“TheOzoneHoleoftengetsconfusedinthepopularpressandbythegeneralpublicwiththeproblemofglobalwarming.（大眾媒體把臭氧空洞和全球變暖問題搞混了。）”。A選項(xiàng)“地球大氣層升溫的問題”正確；B選項(xiàng)“以多布森單位測(cè)量氯氟烴”；C選項(xiàng)“南極洲上空平流層低層臭氧的顯著損失”；D選項(xiàng)“到達(dá)地球表面的較高水平的中波”不符合題意，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第四段，第四段說(shuō)到臭氧會(huì)導(dǎo)致溫室效應(yīng)，臭氧層的破壞與人類釋放含氯的人造化學(xué)品，以及含有溴的化合物、其他相關(guān)鹵素化合物和氮氧化物有關(guān)，這些化合物通常存在于家用電器中，從而導(dǎo)致全球變暖，由此可知家用電器可能與全球變暖有關(guān)聯(lián)。A選項(xiàng)“全球變暖”正確；B選項(xiàng)“氣溶膠和溶劑的釋放”；C選項(xiàng)“氯氟烴在空氣中的穩(wěn)定性”；D選項(xiàng)“合成化學(xué)物質(zhì)排放到大氣中”都不符合題意，因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章最后一段第三句話“Agreementhasbeenreachedonthecontrolofindustrialproductionofmanyhalocarbonsuntiltheyear2030.（已就到2030年控制許多鹵化碳的工業(yè)生產(chǎn)達(dá)成協(xié)議。）”，由此可知國(guó)際協(xié)議最終將導(dǎo)致鹵化碳的減少。A選項(xiàng)“最近對(duì)多布森單位力量的調(diào)查”；B選項(xiàng)“停止向大氣中釋放大部分氯氟烴氣體”；C選項(xiàng)“國(guó)際社會(huì)對(duì)科學(xué)的理解”都不符合題意，D選項(xiàng)“工業(yè)生產(chǎn)中許多鹵化碳的減少”符合題意，因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段第二句“Folklorehasitthatwhenthefirstmeasurementsweretakenin1975,thedropinozonelevelsinthestratospherewassodramaticthatatfirstthescientiststhoughttheirinstrumentswerefaulty.（民間傳說(shuō)，當(dāng)1975年首次進(jìn)行測(cè)量時(shí)，平流層的臭氧水平急劇下降，以至于起初科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為他們的儀器出了問題。）”，由此可知科學(xué)家們更換儀器是為了測(cè)量差距過大的數(shù)據(jù)。A選項(xiàng)“這層相對(duì)于地球的位置”；B選項(xiàng)“衛(wèi)星繞地球運(yùn)行”；C選項(xiàng)“臭氧顯著損失的原始數(shù)據(jù)”；D選項(xiàng)“明顯不正常的讀數(shù)”。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第五段的第二至四句話“CFCsareextremelystable,andtheydonotdissolveinrain.AfteraperiodofseveralyearsnaturalgasesinthestratospherecombinewithCFCsandthisreleaseschlorineatoms,halonsandmethylbromide.Theseinturnallreleasebromineatomsanditistheseatomsthatactuallydestroyozone.（氯氟烴非常穩(wěn)定，不會(huì)在雨中溶解。幾年后，平流層中的天然氣與氯氟烴結(jié)合，釋放出氯原子、哈龍和甲基溴。這些原子依次釋放出溴原子，而正是這些原子破壞了臭氧）”。A選項(xiàng)“地球大氣的正常組成部分”；B選項(xiàng)“氯原子，哈龍和甲基溴”；C選項(xiàng)“飛機(jī)排放”；D選項(xiàng)“原子氧”。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

6.單選題

Thepolicechargedthemanwiththe（）ofthewatch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.steal

B.theft

C.thief

D.thesis

【答案】B

【解析】考查同形詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)steal“偷竊”，動(dòng)詞；B選項(xiàng)theft“偷，盜竊”，名詞；C選項(xiàng)thief“小偷，竊賊”；D選項(xiàng)thesis“論文；論點(diǎn)”。句意：警察控告這名男子……了手表。本句的主語(yǔ)是Thepolice“警察”，謂語(yǔ)charged“控告”，賓語(yǔ)theman“這個(gè)男人”，with接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句中已經(jīng)有了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，空格內(nèi)應(yīng)填入偷竊的名詞。chargesb.withsth.“控告某人某事”，因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Thecrisisinourindustrywas____byintensecompetitionfromforeignproducers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.broughton

B.broughtforward

C.broughtup

D.broughtround

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.broughton導(dǎo)致；引起B(yǎng).broughtforward提出；提前

C.broughtup提出；教育；養(yǎng)育D.broughtround使改變觀點(diǎn)；說(shuō)服

【答案】A

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：我們工業(yè)的危機(jī)是由外國(guó)生產(chǎn)商的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)……。根據(jù)邏輯，外國(guó)生產(chǎn)商的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)可能會(huì)引起我國(guó)的工業(yè)危機(jī)。因此選A。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D選項(xiàng)均無(wú)法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】我們工業(yè)的危機(jī)是由外國(guó)生產(chǎn)商的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)引起的。

8.翻譯題

洗手的時(shí)候，日子從水盆里過去；吃飯的時(shí)候，日子從飯碗里過去；默默時(shí)，便從凝然的雙眼前過去。我覺察他去的匆匆了，伸出手遮挽時(shí)，他又從遮挽著的手邊過去，天黑時(shí)，我躺在床上，他便伶伶俐俐地從我身上跨過，從我腳邊飛去了。等我睜開眼和太陽(yáng)再見，這算又溜走了一日。

【答案】【參考譯文】ThedayflowsawaythroughthesinkwhenIwashmyhands;vanishesinthericebowlwhenIhavemymeal;passesawayquietlybeforethefixedgazeofmyeyeswhenIamlostinreverie.Awareofitsfleetingpresence,Ireachoutforitonlytofinditbrushingpastmyoutstretchedhands.Intheevening,whenIlieonmybed,itnimblystridesovermybodyandflitspastmyfeet.BythetimewhenIopenmyeyestomeetthesunagain,anotherdayisalreadygone.Iheaveasigh,myheadburiedinmyhands.

9.單選題

InancientGreeceathleticfestivalswereveryimportantandhadstrongreligiousassociations.TheOlympianathleticfestivalheldeveryfouryearsinhonorofZeus,kingoftheOlympianGods,eventuallylostitslocalcharacter,becamefirstanationaleventandthen,aftertherulesagainstforeigncompetitorshadbeenabolished,international.NooneknowsexactlyhowfarbacktheOlympicGamesgo,butsomeofficialrecordsdatefrom776B.C.

ThegamestookplaceinAugustontheplainbyMountOlympus.ManythousandsofspectatorsgatheredfromallpartofGreece,butnomarriedwomanwasadmittedevenasaspectator.Slaves,womenanddishonoredpersonswerenotallowedtocompete.Theexactsequenceofeventsisuncertain,buteventsincludedboy’sgymnastics,boxing,wrestling,horseracingandfieldevents,thoughtherewerefewersportsinvolvedthaninthemodernOlympicGames.

OnthelastdayoftheGames,allthewinnerswerehonoredbyhavingaringofholyoliveleavesplacedontheirheads.Sogreatwasthehonorthatthewinnerofthefootracegavehisnametotheyearofhisvictory.AlthoughOlympicwinnersreceivednoprizemoney,theywere,infact,richlyrewardedbytheirstateauthorities.Howtheirresultscomparedwithmodernstandards,weunfortunatelyhavenomeansoftelling.

Afteranuninterruptedhistoryofalmost1,200yeas,theGamesweresuspendedbytheRomansin394A.D.TheycontinuedforsuchalongtimebecausepeoplebelievedinthephilosophybehindtheOlympics:theideathatahealthybodyproducedahealthymind,andthatthespiritofcompetitioninsportsandgameswaspreferabletothecompetitionthatcausedwars.Itwasover1,500yearsbeforeanothersuchinternationalathleticgatheringtookplaceinAthensin1896.

Nowadays,theGamesareheldindifferentcountriesinturn.Thehostcountryprovidesvastfacilities,includingastadium,swimmingpoolsandlivingaccommodation,butcompetingcountriespaytheirownathletes’expenses.

TheOlympicsstartwiththearrivalinthestadiumofatorchlightedonMountOlympusbythesun’srays.Itiscarriedbyasuccessionofrunnerstothestadium.ThetorchsymbolizedthecontinuationoftheancientGreekathleticideals,anditburnsthroughouttheGamesuntiltheclosingceremony.Thewell-knownOlympicflag,however,isamodernconception:thefiveinterlockingringssymbolizetheunitingofallfivecontinentsparticipatingintheGames.

1.Nowadays,theathletes’expensesarepaidfor（）

2.Modernathletes’resultscannotbecomparedwiththoseofancientrunnersbecause（）

3.TheorderofathleticeventsattheancientOlympics（）

4.IntheearlydaysofancientOlympicGames（）

5.InancientGreece,theOlympicGames（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.outoftheprizemoneyofthewinners

B.outofthefundsraisedbythecompetingnations

C.bytheathletesthemselves

D.bycontributions

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theGreekshadnomeansofrecordingtheresults

B.theyaremuchbetter

C.detailssuchasthetimewerenotrecordedinthepast

D.theyaremuchworse

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.hasnotdefinitelybeenestablished

B.variedaccordingtothenumberofforeigncompetitors

C.wasdecidedbyZeus,inwhosehonortheGameswereheld

D.wasconsideredunimportant

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.onlymaleGreekathleteswereallowedtoparticipateintheGames

B.allGreeks,irrespectiveofsex,religiousorsocialstatus,wereallowedtotakepart

C.allGreeks,withtheexceptionofwomen,wereallowedtocompeteinGames

D.allmaleGreekswerequalifiedtocompeteintheGames

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.weremerelynationalathleticfestivals

B.wereinthenatureofanationaleventwithastrongreligiouscolor

C.hadruleswhichputforeignparticipantsinadisadvantageousposition

D.wereprimarilynationaleventswithfewforeignparticipants

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到第五段的最后一句“competingcountriespaytheirownathletes’expenses.”參賽國(guó)家自己支付自己國(guó)家運(yùn)動(dòng)員的經(jīng)費(fèi)。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Howtheirresultscomparedwithmodernstandards,weunfortunatelyhavenomeansoftelling.”遺憾的是,至于他們的比賽成績(jī)與現(xiàn)代相比究竟如何我們沒有根據(jù)做出判斷。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Theexactsequenceofeventsisuncertain,...”運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目的具體順序是不確定的,...。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)原文第二段的內(nèi)容可知,奴隸、女性及不忠實(shí)的人不允許參加比賽。所以選項(xiàng)B、C、D均錯(cuò)誤,只有選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題,根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知,在古希臘,體育節(jié)日非常重要,同時(shí)它帶有強(qiáng)烈的宗教色彩。最終,奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)褪去了當(dāng)?shù)氐奶厣?在廢除了禁止外國(guó)人參賽的規(guī)定后,成為了國(guó)際性的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。所以選項(xiàng)A,B,D均表述錯(cuò)誤,選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

10.單選題

Thoughheviewshimselfasarealist,Cetronsayshisfindingsmakehimvery（

）

aboutfuture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.optimistic

B.sympathetic

C.objective

D.precautious

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。optimistic“樂觀的”；sympathetic“有同情心的”；objective“客觀的”；precautious“警惕的，謹(jǐn)慎的”。句意：盡管認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義者，Cetron稱他的發(fā)現(xiàn)讓自己對(duì)未來(lái)非常樂觀。由轉(zhuǎn)折詞Though及realist“現(xiàn)實(shí)主義者”可知空格處所填單詞意思應(yīng)與realist相反，現(xiàn)實(shí)主義者一般對(duì)未來(lái)不持樂觀態(tài)度，故選項(xiàng)中“樂觀的”正確，答案A

11.單選題

Hardworkcan（）yoursuccessinlearningaforeignlanguage.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assure

B.guarantee

C.warrant

D.promise

【答案】B

【解析】句意:努力工作能保證你在學(xué)習(xí)一門外語(yǔ)上取得成功。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Assure使確信,向…保證,弄清,查明;guarantee保證,擔(dān)保,保障;warrant使有必要,使正當(dāng);promise許諾,承諾,答應(yīng)。因此B符合句意。

12.單選題

TheGermangeneralstaffmadeanotherdangerousconcessiontowhattheyconsideredamilitarynecessity.Theplanwouldbe（）notwhencountriesformallydeclaredwarbutsimplywhentheyorderedmobilization.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.triggered

B.triggering

C.trifling

D.trifled

【答案】A

【解析】trigger引起，發(fā)動(dòng)；trifle浪費(fèi)，嘲弄。根據(jù)句意：德國(guó)總參謀部對(duì)他們認(rèn)為是軍事需要的東西又作了危險(xiǎn)的讓步。該計(jì)劃不會(huì)在國(guó)家正式宣戰(zhàn)時(shí)啟動(dòng)，而只是在國(guó)家下令動(dòng)員時(shí)啟動(dòng)。首先排除選項(xiàng)C和D，計(jì)劃是被啟動(dòng)，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

13.單選題

Theneighborsdonotconsiderhimquite___asmosteveningsheawakensthemwithhisdrunkensinging.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.respectful

B.respected

C.respectable

D.suitable

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)respectful“恭敬的；有禮貌的（表示對(duì)……的尊重）”；B選項(xiàng)respected“受尊敬的（受到……的尊敬，語(yǔ)氣程度最深）”；C選項(xiàng)respectable“值得尊敬的；人格高尚的；相當(dāng)數(shù)量的（被社會(huì)接受的，好的或正確的）”；D選項(xiàng)suitable“適當(dāng)?shù)模幌嗯涞摹?。句意：鄰居們認(rèn)為他不太___，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)晚上他都會(huì)用醉醺醺的歌聲把他們吵醒。本句表達(dá)“鄰居認(rèn)為他不太值得尊敬”，不太被鄰居接受，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Millionsofpeoplewere（）partiallyorwhollydestitute(貧窮)duringthecivilwar.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.deprived

B.rendered

C.become

D.ruined

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:deprive“剝奪”；B:render“使成為”；C:become“變成”；D:ruin“毀滅”。句意：戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間，數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的人民都淪落到啼饑號(hào)寒或一貧如洗的地步。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句意可知B為正確答案。

15.單選題

Itusedtobe——inpopularimagination,ifnotalwaysinreality——thatitwasthemanofthehousewhototedthetoolbelt,fixingaleakyfaucethereandrepairingaholeinthedrywallthere,whileoverseeinghomeimprovements,fromnewbookshelvestoroomadditions.Itseemedpartofourevolutionarydevelopmentasatool—usingspeciesthatitwasmen,alone,whowouldprowltheaislesofhardwarestores.

Demographicschange.WomenaccounttodayforfullyhalfoftheU.S.S140billionretailhardwareandhomeimprovementindustrysalesintheUnitedStates.Theyhavebeenmotivatedbythedo-it-yourselfmovementthatbeganintheearly1980s,andbychangingeconomicandsocialrealitiesthathavemadewomenmoreself-reliant.Homeimprovementtelevisionshows,specialtymagazines,teachingclinics,andevenwebsitescatertothesedo-it-yourselfers,understandingthatwomenarethe“instigators”ofhomeimprovementprojectswhetherornotthereisamaninthehouse.Thecommonwisdomintheindustryisthatwomenhavesignificantcontrolnotonlyoverselectionofproducts,butalsooverthehouseholdbudget.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumlipthepassage?

2.Womenaretakinguphomerepairsmoreandmorejustbecause（

）.

3.Wecanguessfromcontextcluesthattheword4lotote”means

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Womennowcanworkonhomeimprovementallbythemselves,notneedingmen’shelp.

B.Womenarenowbecomingexpertsathomeimprovement.

C.It’swomen,notmen,whonowgotohardwarestores.

D.Womenarebornbetterathomerepairs.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.menareunwillingtodoit

B.womenhavebeenfoundtobemoretalentedatit

C.womenareaffectedbycertainthoughtsandmovement

D.womanwanttodemonstratethattheyaresuperiortomen

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.torepair

B.tocarry

C.tosell

D.tobuy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Womenhaven'ttakenuphomeimprovementatall

B.Nowadays,mendon’tworkonhomeimprovementanymore.

C.Moreandmorewomennowmakeeffortstobecomedo-it-yourselfers.

D.Mencan’tbetheinstigatorofhomeimprovements.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章最主要討論的是女性所扮演的角色的變化:之前不參與家居環(huán)境改進(jìn)相關(guān)的工作，現(xiàn)在主要依靠自己對(duì)家居環(huán)境進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，并決定產(chǎn)品的選擇和家庭預(yù)算。因此B項(xiàng)“如今，女性變得善于進(jìn)行家居環(huán)境改進(jìn)”比較能概括文章大意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Theyhavebeenmotivatedbythedo-it-yourselfmovementthatbeganintheearly1980s,andbychangingeconomicandsocialrealitiesthathavemadewomenmoreself-reliant(受20世紀(jì)80年代初期的‘自己動(dòng)手’運(yùn)動(dòng)的推動(dòng)和變化的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的影響，女性更多的是依靠自己)。故選C項(xiàng)“女性受到了某些思想和運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響”。

3.詞義題?！皌otote”出現(xiàn)在第一句:Itusedtobe——inpopularimagination,ifnotalwaysinreality——thatitwasthemanofthehousewhototedthetoolbelt,fixingaleakyfaucethereandrepairingaholeinthedrywallthere,whileoverseeinghomeimprovements,fromnewbookshelvestoroomadditions(過去,…的通常是一個(gè)家庭中的男性，雖然現(xiàn)實(shí)不一定如此，但至少在大家的觀念里是這樣的。包括在這兒修理一個(gè)漏水龍頭，在那兒填補(bǔ)干墻上的一個(gè)洞，與此同時(shí)還要監(jiān)督家居的環(huán)境改進(jìn)，從購(gòu)置新書架到其他房間布置物)。分析句子可知,whototedthetoolbelt作定語(yǔ)修飾“男性”,通過后面的“在這兒修理一個(gè)漏水龍頭…”推斷totedthetoolbelt應(yīng)該表示“攜帶工具腰帶”,因此四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中與“totote”意思最接近的應(yīng)該是B。

4.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Theyhavebeenmotivatedbythedo-it-yourselfmovementthatbeganintheearly1980s,andbychangingeconomicandsocialrealitiesthathavemadewomenmoreself-reliant(受20世紀(jì)80年代初期的‘自己動(dòng)手’運(yùn)動(dòng)的推動(dòng)和變化的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的影響，女性更多的是依靠自己),由此推斷C項(xiàng)“如今，越來(lái)越多的女性努力成為自己動(dòng)手者”符合原文。

16.單選題

Film-makersworkverycloselywithscientistswhoseworkstudyingthecomplexityofanimallivesisvitalforwildlifeconservation.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.reservation

B.utilization

C.dedication

D.protection

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.reservation預(yù)訂；保留地B.utilization利用，使用

C.dedication奉獻(xiàn)D.protection保護(hù)

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析

【解題思路】與原詞搭配的是“野生動(dòng)物”，原詞conservation“保護(hù)”，指野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)，D選項(xiàng)protection“保護(hù)”，與原詞最接近。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)reservation“預(yù)訂；保留地”，與原詞是形近詞，但兩者意義不同；

B選項(xiàng)utilization“利用，使用”，沒有依據(jù)，且利用野生動(dòng)物，不符合語(yǔ)境；

C選項(xiàng)dedication“奉獻(xiàn)”，沒有依據(jù)，且奉獻(xiàn)野生動(dòng)物，不搭配。

【句意】電影制作人與科學(xué)家密切合作，這些科學(xué)家研究動(dòng)物生活的復(fù)雜性，對(duì)野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)至關(guān)重要。

17.翻譯題

Leadersknowthatthentherearetwoopinionsonanissue,oneisnotboundtobewrong.Theyrecognizethathustleandrusharethealliesofsuperficiality.Theyareopentonewideas,buttheyexploretheirramificationsthoroughly.

Successfulleadersareemotionallyandintellectuallyorientedtothefuture—notweddedtothepast.Theyhaveahungertotakeresponsibility,toinnovate,andtoinitiate.Theyarenotcontentwithmerelytakingcareofwhat’salreadythere.Theywanttomoveforwardtocreatesomethingnew.

Leadersprovideanswersaswellasdirection,offerstrengthaswellasdedication,andspeakfromexperienceaswellasunderstandingoftheproblemstheyfaceandthepeopletheyworkwith.

【答案】領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者知道，在一個(gè)問題上有兩種觀點(diǎn)，其中一種不一定是錯(cuò)的。他們認(rèn)識(shí)到，忙亂和匆忙是膚淺的盟友。他們樂于接受新思想，但也會(huì)徹底探討其后果。

成功的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者在情感和智力上都是面向未來(lái)的，而不是拘泥于過去。他們渴望承擔(dān)責(zé)任，渴望創(chuàng)新，渴望開拓進(jìn)取。他們不滿足于只關(guān)心已經(jīng)存在的東西。他們希望向前邁進(jìn)，創(chuàng)造新的東西。

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者既能提供答案，也能指明方向，既能提供力量，也能付出奉獻(xiàn)精神，既能根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)說(shuō)話，也能理解他們所面臨的問題和與他們一起工作的人。

18.翻譯題

Canmanbecreditedwithchoosingtherightpathwhenheknowsonlyone?Canhebecongratulatedforhiswisedecisionwhenonlyonejudgmentispossible?Ifheknowsnothingofvice,ishetobepraisedforadheringtovirtue?

Fromthedaywhenthefirstmantastedtheforbiddenfruit,hehasbeenstrugglingwiththechoicebetweengoodandevil,butwithouthisfullawarenessofthepleasingtasteofthatapple,orevenofitsexistence,wouldhebeworthyofpraisedforforbearingtoeatit?

Wisdomconsistsofthedeliberateexerciseofjudgment;knowledgecomesinthediscriminationbetweenthoseknownalternatives.Weighingthesealternativesisthewayofmaturity.Onlythendoesmanhavethestrengthtofollowhischoicewithoutwavering,sincethatchoiceisbasedfirmlyonknowledgeratherthanonanuncertain,dangerouslyshallowfoundationofignorance.

【答案】【參考譯文】當(dāng)知道僅有一條路可以走的時(shí)候，一個(gè)人做出的抉擇還能被稱為正確嗎？當(dāng)眼前只有一個(gè)選擇時(shí)，那個(gè)人所作的決定還能算是明智的嗎？如果他根本不懂什么叫罪惡，那他又是否該為堅(jiān)守道義而受到稱贊？

自從人類第一次偷嘗禁果之后，就一直在善與惡之間的選擇上作斗爭(zhēng)，但是如果他對(duì)那禁果的可口味道，甚至于連它的存在都不知道，那他會(huì)因?yàn)榭酥谱约翰怀运环Q贊嗎？

智慧的獲取得益于一次次慎重的評(píng)判，而知識(shí)則來(lái)源于對(duì)已知的選擇進(jìn)行鑒別。權(quán)衡這些選擇才是成熟之道。只有這樣，一個(gè)人才能有力量毫不動(dòng)搖地堅(jiān)持自己的選擇，因?yàn)檫@種選擇是基于知識(shí)，而不是不確定的，非常膚淺的愚昧無(wú)知。

19.單選題

Haveyouafunny（）orunusualexperiencethatyouwouldliketoshare?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.amusement

B.incident

C.accident

D.section

【答案】B

【解析】句意:你有想分享的有趣事情或不同尋常的經(jīng)歷嗎？

考查名詞辨析。amusement娛樂，快樂；incident事件；accident意外事故；section部分，地區(qū)。因此B符合句意。

20.單選題

SheisalivingproofthataTVcelebritywiththehighestaspirationscansurviveinamediumthattoooftenseemstoberacing（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.outofbottom

B.atthebottom

C.tothebottom

D.onthebottom

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。racetothebottom“逐底競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”，句意：她活生生地證明了一個(gè)具有最高抱負(fù)的電視明星似乎經(jīng)?？梢栽谥鸬赘?jìng)爭(zhēng)中存活下來(lái)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

21.單選題

Thepaintingheboughtatthestreetmarkettheotherdaywasa（

）forgery.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.man-made