英語不規(guī)則動詞過去式及其用法

英語不規(guī)則動詞過去式及其用法英語不規(guī)則動詞過去式及其用法英語不規(guī)則動詞過去式及其用法xxx公司英語不規(guī)則動詞過去式及其用法文件編號：文件日期：修訂次數(shù)：第1.0次更改批準審核制定方案設(shè)計，管理制度不規(guī)則動詞過去式和過去分詞

A.原型，過去式，和過去分詞完全不同

drink---drank----drunkring----rang-----rungswim----swam----swumsing----sang----sung

sink----sank----sunkblow----blew----blowngrow----grew----grownknow---knew---known

fly----flew----flowntake----took----takenshake----shook----shakendrive----drove----driven

write---wrote---writtenrise---rose---risenride----rode----riddenspeak----spoke----spoken

steal----stole----stolenbreak----broke----brokenwake----woke----wokenfreeze----froze----frozen

forget----forgot----forgottenchoose----chose----chosendraw----drew----drawneat----ate----eaten

fall----fell----fallengive----gave----givenhide----hid----hiddensee----saw----seen

do----did----done

B.過去式與過去分詞完全相同

bright----brought----broughtthink----thought----thoughtfight----fought----foughtbuy----bought----bought

catch----caught----caughtsell----sold----soldtell----told----toldsay----said----said

pay----paid----paidsend----sent----sentlend----lent----lentspend----spent----spent

burn----burnt----burntlearn----learnt----learntmean----meant----meantfeel----felt----felt

smell----smelt----smeltsleep----slept----sleptsweep---slept----sleptleave----left----left

build----built----builtlose----lost----lostget----got----gotmeet----met----met

sit----sat----satshoot----shot----shotlead----led----ledspit----spat----spat

have----had----hadhold----held----heldmake----made----madestand----stood---stood

hear----heard----heardfind----found----founddig----dug----dugshine----shone----shone

understand----understood----understoodwin----won----won

C.原型與過去分詞相同

come----came----comerun----ran----runbecome----became----become

D.原形與過去式和過去分詞完全相同

cast----cast----castcut----cut----cutput----put----putlet----let----letset----set----set

hit----hit----hitshut----shut----shut

hang----hung----hung吊，掛lie---lied---lied說謊lie---lay---lain躺下，位于，平放

hanged----hanged處絞刑lay---laid---laid置放。動詞

過去式

be(am\is)

was

are

were

come

came

go

went

do(does)

did

fly

flew

draw

drew

make

made

sing

sang

have(has)

had

eat

ate

drink

drank

put

put

let

let

read

read

can

could

see

saw

meet

met

get

got

forget

forgot

take

took

can

could

may

might

shall

should

will

would

know

knew

begin

began

bend

bent

build

built

spend

spent

mean

meant

learn

learnt

learned

buy

bought

think

thought

teach

taught

catch

caught

sleep

slept

sweep

swept

keep

kept

speak

spoke

ride

rode

feel

felt

leave

left

give

gave

run

ran

ring

rang

sit

sat

swim

swam

say

said

stand

stood

tell

told

throw

threw

win

won

write

wrote

不規(guī)則動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成

1．把動詞原形中的i改為a，變成過去式。如：

begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam

2．把重讀開音節(jié)中的i改為o，變成過去式。如：

drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote

3．改動詞原形中的aw／ow為ew，變成過去式。如：

draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（動詞show除外，show—showed）

4．動詞原形中的e改為o，變成過去式。如：

get—got，forget—forgot

5．動詞原形中的ee改為e，變成過去式。如：

feed—fed，meet—met

6．動詞原形中的eep改為ept，變成過去式。如：

keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept

7．動詞原形中的eak改為oke，變成過去式。如：

break—broke，speak—spoke

8．動詞原形中的ell改為old，變成過去式。如：

sell—sold，tell—told

9．動詞原形中的an改為oo，變成過去式。如：

stand—stood，understand—understood

10．以ought和aught結(jié)尾，且讀音是［:t］的過去式。如：

bring—brought，buy—bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught

11．以ould結(jié)尾且讀音為［ud］的情態(tài)動詞過去式。如：

can—could，shall—should，will—would

12．把動詞原形中的o改為a，變成過去式。如：

come—came，become—became

13．在動詞原形后加d或t變成過去式，并且發(fā)生音變。如：

hear［hi］—heard［h:d］，say［sei］—said［sed］，mean［mi:n］—meant［ment］

14．動詞的過去式與動詞原形一樣。如：

let—let，must—must，put—put，read—read［red］

不符合上述規(guī)律的動詞過去式。如：

am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，feel—felt，find—found，fly—flew，go—went，have／has—had，hold—held，leave—left，make—made，may—might，run—ran，see—saw，take—took

不規(guī)則動詞過去式和過去分詞巧記方法

動詞的過去式和過去分詞是初中英語教學中的重點，而有些動詞的不規(guī)則變化是這些重點中的難點，但這些不規(guī)則變化也不是毫無規(guī)律可循的。現(xiàn)將初中英語中一些常用的不規(guī)則動詞變化介紹如下。

一、原形、過去式和過去分詞的詞形和讀音都相同的單詞，結(jié)尾字母一般是t或d。如：

cut-cut-cut,hit-hit-hit,put-put-put,cost-cost-cost,let-let-let,shut-shut-shut,set-set-set,hurt-hurt-hurt,spread-spread-spread

特殊：動詞read的過去式和過去分詞雖然詞形與原形一致，read-read-read，但發(fā)音分別是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。

二、有些動詞的過去分詞與原形是一樣的。如：

come-came-come,become-became-become,run-ran-run,overcome-overcame-overcome

三、有些動詞的過去式和過去分詞相同。如：

1.把單詞結(jié)尾的字母d改為t。如：

lend-lent-lent,spend-spent-spent,send-sent-sent

2.改變單詞中間元音字母。如：

sit-sat-sat,win-won-won,shine-shone-shone,hold-held-held

3.以eep結(jié)尾的動詞，把eep改為ept。如：

keep-kept-kept,sleep-slept-slept,sweep-swept-swept

4.過去式和過去分詞都以augh或ough結(jié)尾的動詞。如：

buy-bought-bought,fight-fought-fought,think-thought-thought,bring-brought-brought,teach-taught-taught,catch-caught-caught

5.有的以ay結(jié)尾的動詞，在過去式和過去分詞中把ay變成aid。如：

say-said-said,lay-laid-laid,pay-paid-paid

6.另有一些其它形式的變化。如：have-had-had,learn-learnt-learnt,leave-left-left,lose-lost-lost,make-made-made,meet-met-met,feel-felt-felt

四、有些動詞原形中含有字母i，在過去式中變i為a，在過去分詞中變i為u。如：

五、以字母ow或aw結(jié)尾的動詞，在變成過去式時，通常把元音字母變成e，在變成過去分詞時，通常只在詞尾加n。如：

blow-blew-blown,draw-drew-drawn,grow-grew-grown,throw-threw-thrown,know-knew-known

六、有些動詞的過去分詞是在原形詞尾加n或en，變成以en結(jié)尾的單詞。如：

rise-rose-risen,give-gave-given,take-took-taken,fall-fell-fallen,drive-drove-driven,eat-ate-eaten

特殊：write-wrote-written,speak-spoke-spoken,ride-rode-ridden,get-got-gotten雅思、托福、高考、SAT考試英語不規(guī)則動詞強化速成（一）原形、過去式、過去分詞同形(13個）。1.put→put→put，2.hit→hit→hit，3.let→let→let，4.cost→cost→cost，5.spread→spread→spread.6.broadcast→broadcast→broadcast7.shut→shut→shut8.upset→upset→upset9.cast→cast→cast10.read→read→read11.cut→cut→cut12.hurt→hurt→hurt13.set→set→sete.g.Ihavereadthisbooktwicebefore.這本書我已經(jīng)讀過兩遍了。?Thebookhitmeonthehead.書打中了我的腦袋。?Iputtheappleinthecorner.我把蘋果放在墻角。（二）原形動詞+同形的過去式、過去分詞（61個）。如：1.win→won→won，2.bind→bound→bound3.bleed→bled→bled4.bring→brought→brought5.buy→bought→bought6.catch→caught→caught7.deal→dealt→dealt8.dig→dug→dug，9.dream→dreamt→dreamt10.→dreamed→dreamed11.feed→fed→fed12.find→found→found，13.feel→felt→felt，14.get→got→got，15.hang→hung→hung(懸掛），16.→hanged→hanged17.hold→held→held，18.leap→leapt→leapt，19.→leaped→leaped20.learn→learnt→learnt，21.→learned→learned22.lend→lent→lent，23.light→lit→lit，24.→lighted→lighted25.lose→lost→lost，26.lay→laid→laid，27.leave→left→left，28.keep→kept→kept29.get→got→got（ten），30.mean→meant→meant31.meet→met→met，32.overhear→overheard→overheard33.panic→panicked→panicked使恐慌；使驚慌34.pay→paid→paid35.rewind→rewound→rewound36.sit→sat→sat，37.stand→stood→stood，38.say→said→said，39.tell→told→told，40.make→made→made，41.hear→heard→heard，42.sell→sold→sold.43.shine→shoneshined→shinedshone44.sleep→slept→slept.45.smell→smelt→smelt.46.→smelled→smelled47.spellbind→spellbound→spellbound.48.spend→spent→spent49.spill→spilt→spilt使溢出,使散落,灑,使流出,使摔下,倒出50.spit→spat→spat吐出,發(fā)射,發(fā)出,噴吐51.spoil→spoilt→spoilt損壞,搞糟,寵壞,溺愛;擾亂52.stick→stuck→stuck53.sweep→swept→swept54.teach→taught→taught55.tell→told→told56.think→thought→thought57.understand→understood→understood58.wake→woke→woke59.→waked→waked60.→woken61.win→won→won?Istoodupandturned.我站起來，轉(zhuǎn)過身。?Itwasawareofhavingbeenfound，thenitranaway.它覺察到自己被發(fā)現(xiàn)了，于是逃跑了。?Isatquietlystaringattheapple.我靜靜地坐在那里盯著蘋果。?Ifelthappyatbeingpraisedbyparents.被父母夸獎我感到很高興。（三）原形與過去分詞同形（4個）。如come→came→come，become→became→become，run→ran→run.?Itwasawareofhavingbeenfound，thenitranaway.它覺察到自己被發(fā)現(xiàn)了，于是逃跑了。（四）原形、過去式、過去分詞三種各不同形。（50個）1.arise→arose→arisen→arising2.be(is,am，are）→was（was，were）→been，3.bear→bore→born→bearing4.arise→arose→arisen→arising5.begin→began→begun6.bid→bad→bidden7.→bid→bid8.blow→blew→blown9.break→broke→broken10.choose→chose→chosen11.do→did→done，12.draw→drew→drawn13.drink→drank→drunk14.drive→drove→driven15.eat→ate→eaten16.fall→fell→fallen17.fly→flew→flown18.forbid→forbade→forbidden19.→forbad→forbidden20.forget→forgot→forgot（ten）21.foresee→foresaw→foreseen22.freeze→froze→frozen23.give→gave→given24.go→went→gone25.grow→grew→grown26.hide→hid→hiddn27.know→knew→known28.lie→lay→lain29.know→knew→known30.mistake→mistook→mistaken31.ride→rode→ridden32.ring→rang→rung，33.rise→rose→risen34.see→saw→seen，35.sew→sewed→sewn/sewed36.shake→shook→shaken，37.show→showed→shown/showed38.shrink→shrank/shrunk→shrunk39.sing→sang→sung，40.sink→sank/sunk→sunk/sunken41.sow→sowed→sown/sowed42.speak→spoke→spoken43.swell→swelled→swollen44.swim→swam→swum45.take→took→taken46.tear→tore→torn47.throw→threw→thrown，48.undertake→undertook→undertaken49.wear→wore→worn，50.write→wrote→written，Iwasreadingabookandeatinganapple.我正在吃著蘋果讀書。?Abookfelloffthebookshelf.一本書從書架上掉了下來。?Isawalittleratonthetopoftheshelf.我看見書架頂上有一只小老鼠。?Itookabottleofliquidmedicinetokilltherat.我拿了一瓶滅鼠藥水。?Theratdiedbeforeitateuptheapple.老鼠還沒吃完蘋果就死掉了。?Igotangrywiththisrat.我生了這只老鼠的氣。（五）原形與過去式同形、過去分詞不同形。（1個）beat→beat→beaten→beating(六)動詞后寫最后一個字母雙寫再加ing（50個）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞需要雙寫最后一個字母,再加ing重讀閉音節(jié)三要素:1.必須是重讀音節(jié);2.最后只有一個輔音字母;...如果一個動詞以“重讀閉音節(jié)”結(jié)尾,則其現(xiàn)在分詞/動名詞的構(gòu)成通常是“雙寫詞尾的那個輔音字母,然后加ing”重讀閉音節(jié)。...1.let→letting讓2.hit→hitting打、撞3.cut→cutting切、割4.get→getting取、得到5.sit→sitting坐6.chat-chatting7.tap-tapping8.mop-mopping9.nod-nodding10.rid過去式:rid,ridded11.過去分詞:rid,ridded12.現(xiàn)在分詞:ridding13.shut-shutting14.forget→forgetting忘記15.put→putting放16.set→setting設(shè)置17.babysit→babysitting臨時受雇照顧嬰18.shop→shopping購物19.trip→tripping絆20.stop→stopping停止21.drop→dropping放棄22.travel→travel(l)ing旅游23.swim→swimming游泳24.run→r