English-new-words-英語詞匯學(xué)-新詞課件

NewWordsNew1Definition“Neologismsarenewlycoinedwordsorwordsthataregivennewmeaningstofitnewsituationsandnewneedsbecauseofthesocial,economic,political,cultural,especiallyscientificandtechnicalchangesinthegivenperiodinhumansociety.”NewwordsDefinition“Neologismsarenewl2NewwordsSourceFormationRateThreeaspectsNewwordsSourceFormationRateTh314thcenturyFrenchwords16thcenturyLatin19thcenturyScience&Technology Part1TherateofChangesOftheEnglishVocabulary14thcenturyFrenchwords16th4Part2TheSourcesofNewWords1.Therapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology2.Political,economicandsocialchangesPart2TheSourcesofNewWords5Therapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology1Intheever-developingsociety,scienceandtechnologyareamajorsourceofsupplyingnewwordsinEnglish.Everytimewhenanewbranchofmodernsciencehasreachedacertainstageofmaturity,thereissurelygoingtobeanemergencyofrelevantnewwords.

bionics,ecophysiology,euphenicsmediastudies,laserprinterhumancloning,behaviorscience,informationscience,Blackstudieselectric-blanket,pressure-cooker

Therapiddevelopmentofmoder6somespecificareasthatproducenewwords

(2)Biology:bioactivebiochipbiodiversitybioremediationbioprospectbiopesticide(1)Computing:absoluteaddressartificialintelligencedatabasefloppydischardwareterminalhackerblogWIFI--WirelessFidelitysomespecificareasthatprodu7somespecificareasthatproducenewwords

(3)Thedeepspace:earthrise地出lunarmodule登月車spacestationspacecraftspacemedicineheliospherequasar(4)Medicine:artemisinin青蒿素AIDS,AIDSvirusantidrugbirthcontrolpillGulfWarsyndromemadcowdiseasephotoscanningkick-itcentresomespecificareasthatprodu82Political,economicandsocialchanges(1)Internationalstruggle:ECU--EuropeanCurrencyUnitgreenrevolutioninterpol--InternationalCriminalPoliceOrganizationThirdWorldnonalignedadvancementheDove(2)Internalpoliticalstruggle:aleism--discriminationagainstdisabledindividualsfreedomridelie-in,peacenikteach-incommunicationsgapcredibilitygapculturegap2Political,economicandsocia9(3)Women'sliberation:businessperson,chairpersonnewsperson,spokespersonlib,libberwomanismwomen'sstudiessexism(4)Education:B-schoolGPA--gradepointaverageopenenrollmentflunk(failinaexam)bear(difficultsubjectorstrictteacher)megaversityhook(thegradeofC)(3)Women'sliberation:(4)Edu10(5)Soprtsandentertainment:aerobicairballautocrossguerrillatheaterjet-skiingcinenikjazznik(6)Communication:air-cushionvehiclebullettraincellphone,mobilephonee-book,e-commercefax-modemhotlinkinformationsuperhighwaytelemedicine(5)Soprtsandentertainment:(11(7)Changesinsocialanddomestichabits:bigsciencedatabankdigitalcameradiscohometheatermaximinibike,minischoolVCR--VideocassetteRecorder(8)Environment:lightpollutionnoisepollutionvisualpollutionwhitepollutiongreenpeaceEarthDay(7)Changesinsocialanddome12Part3TheformationofNeologismsByword-formationByaddingnewmeaningstoexistingwordsByanalogyByborrowingwordsfromotherlanguagesBycreatingcompletelynewcoinagesPart3TheformationofByword-13Byword-formationAffixationShorteningCompoundingBlendingSuperman,supermarket,super-richClipping&acronymsAd,homo,flu,DJ,SARS,PCWhite-collar,fatfarm,litterbagBrunch,motel,smog,lansignByword-formationAffixationSho14SmartforeignnitizensGaddiction由gay和addiction合成，指女生總是愛上那些長得帥、有才華、了解女人、會照顧人的男人，結(jié)果這些男人都是gay。Destinesia由destination（目的地）和amnesia（遺忘）合成，到了一個地方，卻忘了自己當(dāng)初為什么出發(fā)。Ambitchous由ambition（雄心壯志）和bitch合成，指立志在婊這項事業(yè)上出人頭地。Youniverse由you和universe（宇宙）合成，指極端自我中心，覺得全宇宙只有自己最重要。Cupidity由Cupid（丘比特）和stupidity（蠢事）合成，指在愛情中做的傻事。SmartforeignnitizensGaddicti15ByaddingnewmeaningstoexistingwordsDovePigeon??personHawkBird??personMouse:Animal??computerWindow:Object??computerByaddingnewmeaningsDoveHawk16ByborrowingwordsfromotherlanguagesTheEnglishlanguagehasbeendescribedbyDavidCrystalasan“insatiableborrower.”.Morethan120otherlanguageshaveservedassourcesforthecontemporaryvocabularyofEnglish.Mainsources:French,ModernGreek,German,Spanish,Chinese,Japanese,ItalianByborrowingwordsTheEnglish17KungfuSushiSumoVisaAutobahnKungfuSushiSumoVisaAutobahn18ByanalogyBird’seye??worm’seye;Sunrise??moonrise;Spaceman??earthman,moonman;Boycott??girlcott;Babyboom??babybust;Nightmare??daymare;Whitecollar??bluecollar,pinkcollar,graycollar,goldcollar;Earthquake??moonquake;Marathon??talkthon;Coldwar??hotwarByanalogyBird’seye??worm’s19BycreatingcompletelynewwordsIngeneral,Englishnewwordsareformedaccordingtosomerulesandregulations,buttherearealsosomeexceptions.Afewnewwordsarecoinedbyuserswithoutanyfoundation.Forexample:Dweep(annoyingguy)Whack(outoffashion)Elixir(drugsoflongevity)BycreatingcompletelyIngene20Ok,youmaythinkEnglishnewwordsareboring.However,it’snot.Ok,youmaythinkEnglishnew21English-new-words-英語詞匯學(xué)——新詞課件22Theyarenotallcliché.Theyarenotallcliché.23ConclusionThe

significance

of

studying

English

neologisms

mainly

lies

in

four

aspects.

1.Neologism

is

a

mirror

of

society,

which

reflects

its

development

and

needs,

it

meets

the

developing

situation.

2.With

the

increase

of

internationalculture

exchanges,

English

learners

will

have

a

better

understanding

of

other

countries‘

cultures

by

the

research.

3.The

study

of

English

neologismscan

be

used

in

translation

.4.We

must

study

English

neologisms

to

catch

up

with

the

times

in

order

to

improve

our

English

abilitiesConclusionThe

significance

of

24English-new-words-英語詞匯學(xué)——新詞課件25Thanks!Thanks!26NewWordsNew27Definition“Neologismsarenewlycoinedwordsorwordsthataregivennewmeaningstofitnewsituationsandnewneedsbecauseofthesocial,economic,political,cultural,especiallyscientificandtechnicalchangesinthegivenperiodinhumansociety.”NewwordsDefinition“Neologismsarenewl28NewwordsSourceFormationRateThreeaspectsNewwordsSourceFormationRateTh2914thcenturyFrenchwords16thcenturyLatin19thcenturyScience&Technology Part1TherateofChangesOftheEnglishVocabulary14thcenturyFrenchwords16th30Part2TheSourcesofNewWords1.Therapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology2.Political,economicandsocialchangesPart2TheSourcesofNewWords31Therapiddevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology1Intheever-developingsociety,scienceandtechnologyareamajorsourceofsupplyingnewwordsinEnglish.Everytimewhenanewbranchofmodernsciencehasreachedacertainstageofmaturity,thereissurelygoingtobeanemergencyofrelevantnewwords.

bionics,ecophysiology,euphenicsmediastudies,laserprinterhumancloning,behaviorscience,informationscience,Blackstudieselectric-blanket,pressure-cooker

Therapiddevelopmentofmoder32somespecificareasthatproducenewwords

(2)Biology:bioactivebiochipbiodiversitybioremediationbioprospectbiopesticide(1)Computing:absoluteaddressartificialintelligencedatabasefloppydischardwareterminalhackerblogWIFI--WirelessFidelitysomespecificareasthatprodu33somespecificareasthatproducenewwords

(3)Thedeepspace:earthrise地出lunarmodule登月車spacestationspacecraftspacemedicineheliospherequasar(4)Medicine:artemisinin青蒿素AIDS,AIDSvirusantidrugbirthcontrolpillGulfWarsyndromemadcowdiseasephotoscanningkick-itcentresomespecificareasthatprodu342Political,economicandsocialchanges(1)Internationalstruggle:ECU--EuropeanCurrencyUnitgreenrevolutioninterpol--InternationalCriminalPoliceOrganizationThirdWorldnonalignedadvancementheDove(2)Internalpoliticalstruggle:aleism--discriminationagainstdisabledindividualsfreedomridelie-in,peacenikteach-incommunicationsgapcredibilitygapculturegap2Political,economicandsocia35(3)Women'sliberation:businessperson,chairpersonnewsperson,spokespersonlib,libberwomanismwomen'sstudiessexism(4)Education:B-schoolGPA--gradepointaverageopenenrollmentflunk(failinaexam)bear(difficultsubjectorstrictteacher)megaversityhook(thegradeofC)(3)Women'sliberation:(4)Edu36(5)Soprtsandentertainment:aerobicairballautocrossguerrillatheaterjet-skiingcinenikjazznik(6)Communication:air-cushionvehiclebullettraincellphone,mobilephonee-book,e-commercefax-modemhotlinkinformationsuperhighwaytelemedicine(5)Soprtsandentertainment:(37(7)Changesinsocialanddomestichabits:bigsciencedatabankdigitalcameradiscohometheatermaximinibike,minischoolVCR--VideocassetteRecorder(8)Environment:lightpollutionnoisepollutionvisualpollutionwhitepollutiongreenpeaceEarthDay(7)Changesinsocialanddome38Part3TheformationofNeologismsByword-formationByaddingnewmeaningstoexistingwordsByanalogyByborrowingwordsfromotherlanguagesBycreatingcompletelynewcoinagesPart3TheformationofByword-39Byword-formationAffixationShorteningCompoundingBlendingSuperman,supermarket,super-richClipping&acronymsAd,homo,flu,DJ,SARS,PCWhite-collar,fatfarm,litterbagBrunch,motel,smog,lansignByword-formationAffixationSho40SmartforeignnitizensGaddiction由gay和addiction合成，指女生總是愛上那些長得帥、有才華、了解女人、會照顧人的男人，結(jié)果這些男人都是gay。Destinesia由destination（目的地）和amnesia（遺忘）合成，到了一個地方，卻忘了自己當(dāng)初為什么出發(fā)。Ambitchous由ambition（雄心壯志）和bitch合成，指立志在婊這項事業(yè)上出人頭地。Youniverse由you和universe（宇宙）合成，指極端自我中心，覺得全宇宙只有自己最重要。Cupidity由Cupid（丘比特）和stupidity（蠢事）合成，指在愛情中做的傻事。SmartforeignnitizensGaddicti41ByaddingnewmeaningstoexistingwordsDovePigeon??personHawkBird??personMouse:Animal??computerWindow:Object??computerByaddingnewmeaningsDoveHawk42ByborrowingwordsfromotherlanguagesTheEnglishlanguagehasbeendescribedbyDavidCrystalasan“insatiableborrower.”.Morethan120otherlanguageshaveservedassourcesforthecontemporaryvocabularyofEnglish.Mainsources:French,ModernGreek,German,Spanish,Chinese,Japanese,ItalianByborrowingwordsTheEnglish43KungfuSushiSumoVisaAutobahnKungfuSushiSumoVisaAutobahn44ByanalogyBird’seye??worm’seye;Sunrise??moonrise;Spaceman??earthman,moonman;Boycott??girlcott;Babyboom??babybust;Nightmare??daymare;Whitecollar??bluecollar,pinkcollar,graycollar,gold