河南省焦作市2021-2022學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題

試卷第=page1919頁，共=sectionpages1919頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁河南省焦作市2021-2022學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期末考試英語試題學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________一、閱讀理解LearntoSwimKnowinghowtoswimpreventsdrowning(溺水)andimprovesyourhealth,fitness,andsafety.TohelpteachNewYorkerstoswim,theNewYorkCityDepartmentofParks&Recreationisofferingswimminglessonstochildren(6to17yearsold)atourindoorpools.CostFreewithanNYCParksRecreationCentermembership.AllLearntoSwimparticipants(參加者),includingchildrenandtheirparents,mustbemembersoftherecreationcenter.AbouttheClasses·Yourchildmustbe6yearsofageonthefirstdayofclassinordertoparticipateintheprogram.Pleasemakesuretobringalegaldocument(法律文件)withthedateofbirthlistedforthechildonthedayofthefirstclass.Documentswillbereturnedafterconfirmationiscompleted.·Thereareclassesattwodifferenttimes:onSaturdays,andafterschoolfrom4:00p.m.to5:00p.m.·AllparticipantsmusttakeawatertestonOctober30forthefallsession(學(xué)期),January1forthewintersession,andMarch29forthespringsessiontodetermineclasslevel.Missingthewatertestwillresultinafirstabsence.·Ifachildmissesthewatertestandthefirstdayofclass,theywillbedroppedfromthesession.Participantswhomisstwocontinuousclasseswillbedroppedfromtheprogram.·LevelⅠ:Childrenatthislevellearnbasicskills,suchasgettingintoandleavingthewater,controllingtheirbreath,movingthroughthewaterandwhattodoincaseofanemergency(緊急情況).·LevelⅡ:Childrenatthislevellearntoswimwithoutassistance.They’llbeabletounderstanddangerouswaterconditionsandhowtohelpaswimmerinawateremergency.1.WhocantakepartinLearntoSwimlessons?A.Alloftheteenagers. B.Membersoftherecreationcenter.C.AnystudentintheNewYorkCity. D.Parentseagertolearnswimming.2.Whatmustparticipantsdobeforeswimminglessons?A.Promisenottomissclasses. B.Handintheirschoolreports.C.Provetheiragewithformalpapers. D.Doawatertestathome.3.Whatwillparticipantslearnaboutbesidesswimming?A.Waystoofferhelpwhenneeded. B.Competitivespirit.C.Theimportanceofteamwork. D.Thevalueofappreciation.MassimoBotturaisawidelycelebratedcook.Arestaurantheopened27yearsagoinItalyhastwicebeennamedthebestintheworld.Today,Bottura’scookingempirespreadsfromDubai,intheMiddleEast,toBeverlyHills,California.AtRefettorioAmbrosiano,themenuchangesdaily,dependingonwhatcomeswiththemorning’sdelivery.Bydinner,thesesupermarketwasteshavebeentransformed(轉(zhuǎn)化).The100orsodiner—refugees(難民),thehomeless,andtheunemployed—enjoythemealwithobviouspleasure.Mealsofchargeforpeopleinneed.Bottura’sRefettoriosarenotrestaurants—they’reactuallysoupkitchens(施食處).ButBotturawouldnotcallthemthat.Hethinksofthemasplacesthatshinealightonthedignityoftheirguestswhilefocusingattentiononthefood-wasteproblem.BotturacameupwiththeideaofRefettorioAmbrosianoin2015.Hewantedtoinvitetheworld’sbestcookstocookwithhimforthecity’shomelessandturnedanabandonedtheaterintoadiningroomforpeopleinneed.TurningbasicmaterialsintodeliciousmealsisBottura’smagic.Hesayshisgrandmothertaughthimhowtomake“theoriginalno-wastekitchen”.CooksatBottura’srestaurantslearnhisapproachtocooking.Buttheyalsolearnabouthisbeliefinmakingadifferenceinpeople’slives.“Everybodyhastheabilitytocontributetopositivechange.Itstartswithallofus,inourownkitchens,”Botturasays.Itstartsbylookingatanoldcarrotorabrokenpieceofbreadandcatchingashineofgold.“Theare8billionpeopleonEarth.Weproduceenoughfoodfor12billionpeople,”MassimoBotturasays.“Everyyear,morethanabilliontonsoffoodendsupwasted.Asaresult,820millionpeopledon’thaveenoughtoeat.Andfoodwasteisresponsiblefor10%ofglobalgreenhouseemissions(排放).”4.WheredotheRefettorios’mealmaterialscomefrom?A.Socialcontribution. B.Supermarketwastes.C.Governmentsupply. D.Productsmadebythemselves.5.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“shinealightonthedignityof”inparagraph2?A.ignoretheneedof B.focusontherightofC.showrespectfor D.getpraisesfrom6.WhydidBotturadecidetorunRefettorios?A.Tocreatethemostpopularkitchen. B.Toteachhiscookingmagic.C.Toenlargehiscookingempire. D.Tospreadhisideaofsavingfood.7.WhatmayhavecausedthefoodshortageaccordingtoMassimoBottura?A.Thewasteoffood. B.Globalgreenhouseemissions.C.Naturaldisasters. D.Theincreasingworldpopulation.TheIceCreamMachineisnoordinarytale.It’saflavorful(好味道的)bookmadeupofsixstories,allofwhichhavethesametitle,buteachhasadifferentstorycenteringononesubject,icecream.Oneice-creamstoryfocusesonaboyandhisrobotinthedistantfuture.Anotherisaboutafatherandhisdaughterwhoinventanice-creammachine.Myfavoritestoryinthebooktalksabouttwosisters,PamandPenelope,whotrytoenteranice-cream-eatingcontest.Thesixstoriesgowithblack-and-whiteillustrations(插圖)fromsixdifferentartists.TheIceCreamMachineisinventiveandfun.Itsauthor,AdamRubin,hasalotofexperiencewhenitcomestowritingaboutfood.Hismostfamouschildren’sbookisDragonsLoveTacos.ItwasaNo.1NewYorkTimesbest-seller.“Iliketowriteaboutfoodbecauseit’suniversallybelovedbypeopleofalldifferentcultures,”Rubinsays.“It’ssomethingwecanallrelateto.”RubinhopesTheIceCreamMachineinspireskidstowrite.Itsjacketturnsintoanenvelopeinwhichreaderscansendhimtheirstories.Rubinsayswritersshouldwriteaboutthingstheylike.“Ifyou’retryingtowritesomethingthatsomeoneelselikes,youmightnotgetitright.Thennoone’shappy,”hesays.“Butifyoufocusonwritingaboutsomethingthatyoulike,thenit’sfun.Whenitmakesyouhappy,yourwritingwillbringjoy.”IrecommendTheIceCreamMachinetoanyonewholikescreativestorytelling.Thebookgoesdownjustlikeicecream:smooth,enjoyable,andwithapleasantaftertaste.Rubin’sfavoriteflavoroficecream?“Chocolatechip,”hesays.Don’ttellhim,butthebestflavorisactuallybirthdaycake!8.WhydoesAdamRubinlikewritingaboutfood?A.Peoplearoundtheworldshowinterestinfood. B.Manydifferentbooksfocusonfood.C.Foodisthesymbolofdifferentcultures. D.Foodisthematerialbaseofhumanlife.9.WhatdoesAdamRubininspirechildrentowriteabout?A.Somethingconnectedwithfood.B.Whatotherpeoplelike.C.Whathappenstothem.D.Somethingtheyenjoy.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutTheIceCreamMachinefromthetext?A.Ithassixstorieswithdifferenttitles. B.Itcontainsmanycolorfulillustrations.C.ItisaNo.1NewYorkTimesbest-seller. D.Itiswritteninastyleofcreativestorytelling.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MyFavoriteStoryinaBook B.SixFlavorsinOneBookC.TheBestFlavorofIceCream D.TheWriterofNo.1Best-sellerMachinelearningisawayofteachingcomputerstodotasks.Inthepast,todoanything,computersdependedondetailed,step-by-stepinstructionswrittenbyaperson.Butwithmachinelearning,computerspickupnewskillsontheirown,usingexamplesorexperience.Thismakesmachinelearningapowerfulformofartificialintelligence,orAI.AIistheabilityofamachinetothinkorlearnlikeaperson.AIsystemspowermanykindsofmachines—fromsmartphonestorobots.Thereareafewtypesofmachinelearning.Themostcommonissupervised(監(jiān)督的)learning.Inthismethod,acomputerisfedlotsofsortedtrainingdata(數(shù)據(jù)).Forexample,itmaylookatmanyphotosofdogs.Eachphotomightbesortedbythedog’skind.Bystudyingthosephotos,thecomputerlearnswhateachkindofdoglookslike.Then,thecomputercanpickoutdogkindsinnew,unsortedphotos.Themoredatathecomputerstudies,thebetteritgetsatitstask.Anotherimportantkindofmachinelearningisreinforcement(強化)learning.Usingthistypeoflearningissortofliketrainingyourdogtodoatrick(把戲).Thecomputerlearnstoachievesomegoalbyinteractingwithitsenvironment.Whenthecomputermakesachoicethatbringsitclosertoitsgoal,itgetsavirtualreward.Throughtrialanderror,thecomputerlearnstomakebetterchoices.ThistypeofmachinelearninghashelpedcomputersmasterdifficultgameslikeGoandStarCraftII.Ithasalsobeenusedtoteachself-drivingcarshowtogetaround.Machinelearninghashelpedcreatetechnologyallaroundus.Itpowerslanguagetranslatorsandsearchengines.Whenyourstreamingservicesrecommendnewshowsyoumightlike,that’smachinelearningatwork.Machinelearningsystemsalsoorganizepostsinsocialmediafeeds.Theyevenhelpjudgediseases.Inmanyways,theproblem-solvingpowerofmachinelearningisreshapingtheworld.12.Whatcanweknowaboutmachinelearningfromthetext?A.Itdirectscomputerstofollowprograms. B.Itmakescomputersrunundernocontrol.C.Itisaformofartificialintelligence. D.Itisakindoffunctionofallcomputers.13.Howcancomputerslearnbetterinsupervisedlearning?A.Bystudyingasmuchdataaspossible. B.Byfollowingstep-by-stepinstructions.C.Bytellingdifferencesbetweendogkinds. D.Bymakingasmanyattemptsaspossible.14.Whatdocomputerslearninreinforcementlearning?A.Doingtricks. B.Settinggoals.C.Makingchoices. D.Simplifyingsteps.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetomachinelearning?A.Uncaring. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Supportive.二、七選五HowtoCreateYourOwnFamilyTraditionsSometimeswefollowcertainfamilytraditionsbecausewesimplyhavenothingelsetoputinitsplace.However,whentherearechangesinthefamily,itforcesustoexamineouroldtraditions.Sohowdoyoufindnewtraditionstointroduce?____16____There’snopointthrowingthebabyoutwiththebathwater,sothinkofanytraditionsfromyourpastthatyoudowanttocarryon.Youcanpickoutthebestandleavethoseyouarenotsofondofbehind.Tailor(制定)aroundyourfamily’slikesandinterests.Itisasure-firewaytoensureeveryoneisgoingtoenjoythemselvesandmaybeevencontinuethetradition.Whateveryourfamilyenjoy,youcanpersonalizeyourtraditiontoinvolvetheelementsthatthewholefamilyenjoy.____17____Searchtheworldforideas.____18____Itdoesn’tmeanyoucan’tadoptaforeignideajustbecauseitisn’tyourculture.Nomatterwhattheforeigntraditionsare,there’snoreasonwhyyoucan’tmakethemyoursalso.Dowhatyourfriendsdo.Onewaytofindideasistoaskfriendswhattheydo.____19____Andtheconversationwiththemcouldevenbringaninvitationtojointhemintheirtraditions.____20____Findingtherighttraditionsthatworkforyourfamilycantakesometimetofigureout.Forittobecomeatradition,itneedstobecontinuedyearafteryear.So,beforeyoumakethefinaldecision,tryitoutforfitforafewyearsandthinkabouthowitwillworkinthefuture.A.Keepitachievableforthelongterm.B.Takethebestoftheold,andleavetherest.C.Takeinspirationfromyourfamilymembers.D.Therearedifferentculturesandtraditionsaroundtheworld.E.Soitdoesn’tmatterifitlooksdifferenttootherfamilies.F.However,familytraditionsmeansomethingspecialtoyourfamily.G.Generally,theycouldhelpcomeupwithlocalactivitiesandsuggestions.三、完形填空JoeWhaleisknownworldwideforhisblack-and-whitedoodles(涂鴉)andallpaintings.Nicknamedthe“DoodleBoy”,hehasmorethan100,000____21____onInstagram.Joe,whois12yearsold,livesinEngland.Hehasbeen____22____artsincehewasasmallchild.“Ialways____23____ontheblackboard,whichmademy____24____angry,andbroughtmemuch____25____.SonowIjustdoafewinschool.”Joetoldmeinarecentinterviewbyvideo.Fortunately,hisparentsrecognizedhis____26____andsignedhimupforanartclub.Whentheartclub____27____someofJoe’sdoodlesonInstagram,alocal____28____askedJoe’sdadifhecoulddoodleontheirwall.Itprovedtobeareal____29____tocustomers.“Iwasn’treally____30____paintingonatallladder(梯子),soittookmeabout12hoursto____31____doitall,”Joesaid.Hedevelopedhispaintingfurther,ashis____32____increasedwitheverydoodlehemade.Joehassomefavorite____33____inhisartwork,includingaliens(外星人)andmonsters.Ifhegets____34____,heuseshissurroundingsforinspiration.Joe____35____allkidstohavefunwithart.Hethinksthatit’s____36____totrustyourownheart,evenifyouare____37____.“Ifyou’redoodling,becreative,”Joesaid.“Mostimportantly,havefundoingwhatyou____38____.”Joeistheillustrator(插畫家)ofanewplayful____39____byEricLupercalledBadFood:GameofScones.Thebookis____40____withJoe’sblack-and-whitedoodles.21.A.strangers B.workers C.followers D.customers22.A.caringabout B.longingfor C.passingdown D.cheeringfor23.A.climbed B.wrote C.exercised D.drew24.A.friends B.teachers C.neighbors D.trainers25.A.trouble B.fortune C.help D.pleasure26.A.talent B.achievement C.mistake D.difficulty27.A.doubted B.sold C.received D.posted28.A.government B.restaurant C.scientist D.fan29.A.shock B.attraction C.failure D.relief30.A.concernedabout B.afraidof C.usedto D.tiredof31.A.naturally B.sincerely C.actually D.briefly32.A.curiosity B.bravery C.chance D.skill33.A.characters B.rules C.dreams D.aims34.A.delighted B.bored C.stuck D.defeated35.A.warns B.encourages C.persuades D.requires36.A.easy B.formal C.original D.important37.A.pickedup B.laughedat C.dependedon D.watchedover38.A.love B.imagine C.remember D.miss39.A.game B.movie C.novel D.toy40.A.marked B.covered C.mixed D.filled四、語法填空TheHighTemperaturesinAntarctica(南極洲)VostokstationisaRussianweatherstationinAntarctica.It’sfamous____41____havingthecoldesttemperatureeverrecordedonEarth:-89.2℃.ButlastFriday,Vostokset____42____newrecord,thistimeforitswarmestMarchtemperatureever:-18℃.Thatmaynotsoundverywarm,butit’s15℃warmerthanaverage.OtherareasinAntarcticawereeven____43____(hot).Anearbyweatherstationwas37℃higherthanaverage.Some____44____(place)inAntarcticawereexpectedtobeasmuchas50℃warmerthannormal.Ascientist,____45____studiesweatherinAntarctica,saidthetemperatureshad____46____(complete)changedourexpectationsabouttheAntarcticclimatesystem.Atthistimeofyear,Antarcticaislosing25minutesofdaylighteveryday,andshouldbegettingcolderinsteadofwarmer.An“atmosphericriver”ofwarm,wetairhitAntarcticalastTuesday.Thiskindofweatherpatternisn’tthatunusual.ButonceitgottoAntarctica,itwasstoppedfrom____47____(leave)byahighpressuresystem,calleda“pressuredome(穹頂)”.Asimilarpressuredome____48____(cause)anextremeheatwaveinNorthAmerica’snorthwestlastsummer.Scientistssaythatthemelting(融化)fromthisoneeventisn’tlikelytocausebigchanges.Andit’stooearly____49____(say)ifclimatechangeledtothisevent.Butscientistssaytheyarewatchingcarefullytoseewhetherthisisaone-timeevent____50____partofanewpattern.五、短文改錯Myparentstookmevisitmycousininthecountrysideanotherday.Shegreetsuswarmly.Shehasalovelydog,whichwasveryfriendlytomeduringourstay.Weplayedtogetheralotof.Timepassedquicklybutitwasdarkbeforeweknewit.Sayinggoodbyetomycousin,shestarteddrivinghome.Wehadnotgonefartherwhenwefeltasuddenshake,asifwehadhitabigrock.Aftergethome,Ithoughtweprobablyhadrunintomycousindog.Itturnedoutthatmyguesswasright.Fortunately,itwasnotserioushurt.Idecidedtotakesomedeliciousfoodtoitnextweek.六、書面表達由于新冠肺炎疫情，許多人的春節(jié)與以往不同。請你以“IhadanunusualSpringFestivalthisyear”為題，寫一篇短文向校英語報投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.往年過年方式；2.今年過年方式；3.你的感想。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：新冠肺炎疫情COVID-19IhadanunusualSpringFestivalthisyear___________________________________________________________________________######################################【答案】1-3BCA【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。紐約市公園和娛樂部門為6至17歲的兒童提供游泳課程，文章對此課程進行了介紹。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Cost部分最后一句“AllLearntoSwimparticipants(參加者),includingchildrenandtheirparents,mustbemembersoftherecreationcenter.（所有學(xué)習(xí)游泳的參與者，包括孩子和他們的父母，必須是娛樂中心的成員）”可知，娛樂中心的成員可以參加學(xué)習(xí)游泳課程。故選B。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“AbouttheClasses”部分第一段前兩句“Yourchildmustbe6yearsofageonthefirstdayofclassinordertoparticipateintheprogram.Pleasemakesuretobringalegaldocument(法律文件)withthedateofbirthlistedforthechildonthedayofthefirstclass.（您的孩子必須在第一天上課的時候年滿6歲才能參加這個項目。請務(wù)必在第一堂課當天攜帶一份注明孩子出生日期的法律文件）”可知，參加者必須在上游泳課前出示正式文件證明自己的年齡。故選C。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句“They’llbeabletounderstanddangerouswaterconditionsandhowtohelpaswimmerinawateremergency.（他們將能夠了解危險的水條件，以及在水緊急情況下如何幫助游泳者）”可知，除了游泳，參加者還將學(xué)習(xí)如何在需要時提供幫助。故選A?！敬鸢浮?-7BCDA【解析】這是一篇新聞報道。MassimoBottura是一位著名的廚師，他創(chuàng)建了廣泛流傳的餐廳RefettorioAmbrosiano，利用超市垃圾做成美食為需要的人提供食物，同時減少食物浪費。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Bydinner,thesesupermarketwasteshavebeentransformed”（到晚餐的時候，這些超市垃圾已經(jīng)被轉(zhuǎn)化了）可知，Refettorios的膳食材料來自超市的垃圾。故選B。2.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段第五句和第六句“Bottura’sRefettoriosarenotrestaurants—they’reactuallysoupkitchens(施食處).ButBotturawouldnotcallthemthat.”（Bottura的Refettorios不是餐廳——它們實際上是施食處。但Bottura不會這樣稱呼它們。）可知，此處是指Bottura把施食處稱為餐廳是對客人的尊重。故選C。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第二句“Hewantedtoinvitetheworld’sbestcookstocookwithhimforthecity’shomelessandturnedanabandonedtheaterintoadiningroomforpeopleinneed.”（他想邀請世界上最好的廚師和他一起為城市的無家可歸者做飯，并把一個廢棄的劇院變成了一個餐廳，為有需要的人服務(wù)。）和最后一段最后三句“Everyyear,morethanabilliontonsoffoodendsupwasted.Asaresult,820millionpeopledon’thaveenoughtoeat.Andfoodwasteisresponsiblefor10%ofglobalgreenhouseemissions(排放).”（每年有超過十億噸的食物被浪費掉。結(jié)果，8.2億人沒有足夠的食物。食物浪費造成了全球10%的溫室氣體排放。）可知，Bottura決定經(jīng)營Refettorios來傳播他節(jié)約食物的想法。故選D。4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句和第三句“Everyyear,morethanabilliontonsoffoodendsupwasted.Asaresult,820millionpeopledon’thaveenoughtoeat.”（每年有超過十億噸的食物被浪費掉。結(jié)果，8.2億人沒有足夠的食物。）可知，MassimoBottura認為食物的浪費可能是造成食物短缺的原因。故選A?！敬鸢浮?-11ADDB【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一本由六個故事組成的創(chuàng)造性故事書《冰淇淋機》。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第五句“Iliketowriteaboutfoodbecauseit’suniversallybelovedbypeopleofalldifferentcultures”（我喜歡寫關(guān)于食物的文章，因為不同文化背景的人都喜歡吃）可知，亞當·魯賓喜歡寫關(guān)于食物的文章，因為世界各地的人們都對食物感興趣。故選A。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“Rubinsayswritersshouldwriteaboutthingstheylike.”（魯賓說，作家應(yīng)該寫他們喜歡的東西。）可知，亞當·魯賓鼓勵孩子們寫他們喜歡的東西。故選D。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“IrecommendTheIceCreamMachinetoanyonewholikescreativestorytelling.”（我向任何喜歡創(chuàng)造性故事講述的人推薦《冰淇淋機》。）可知，《冰淇淋機》以一種創(chuàng)造性的敘事風(fēng)格寫成。故選D。4.標題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段“TheIceCreamMachineisnoordinarytale.It’saflavorful（好味道的)bookmadeupofsixstories,allofwhichhavethesametitle,buteachhasadifferentstorycenteringononesubject,icecream.”（《冰淇淋機》不是一個普通的故事。這是一本好味道的書，由六個故事組成，所有的故事都有相同的標題，但每個故事都圍繞一個主題——冰淇淋——展開。）可知，文章主要是介紹一本由六個故事組成的創(chuàng)造性故事書《冰淇淋機》。故B項“一本書的六種味道”可以作文本文標題。故選B。【答案】12-15CACD【解析】這是一篇說明文。機器學(xué)習(xí)是教計算機完成任務(wù)的一種方式，是人工智能的一種強大形式，文章對此進行了詳細介紹。1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第四句“Thismakesmachinelearningapowerfulformofartificialintelligence,orAI.（這使得機器學(xué)習(xí)成為人工智能（AI）的一種強大形式）”可知，機器學(xué)習(xí)是人工智能的一種形式。故選C。2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Themoredatathecomputerstudies,thebetteritgetsatitstask.（計算機研究的數(shù)據(jù)越多，它完成任務(wù)的能力就越強）”可知，通過在監(jiān)督學(xué)習(xí)中學(xué)習(xí)盡可能多的數(shù)據(jù)，計算機能夠?qū)W習(xí)得更好。故選A。3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第四句“Whenthecomputermakesachoicethatbringsitclosertoitsgoal,itgetsavirtualreward.（當計算機做出一個讓它更接近目標的選擇時，它就會得到一個虛擬獎勵）”可知，計算機在強化學(xué)習(xí)中，可以做出選擇。故選C。5.觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Machinelearninghashelpedcreatetechnologyallaroundus.”（機器學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)幫助我們創(chuàng)造了周圍的技術(shù)）”和最后一句“Inmanyways,theproblem-solvingpowerofmachinelearningisreshapingtheworld.（在很多方面，機器學(xué)習(xí)解決問題的能力正在重塑世界）”可知，作者對機器學(xué)習(xí)的態(tài)度是支持的。故選D。七選五【答案】16-20BEDGA【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章就如何創(chuàng)建自己的家庭傳統(tǒng)提出了建議。1.根據(jù)后文“There’snopointthrowingthebabyoutwiththebathwater,sothinkofanytraditionsfromyourpastthatyoudowanttocarryon.（把孩子和洗澡水一起倒掉是沒有意義的，所以想想你過去的任何你想要繼承的傳統(tǒng)）”和“Youcanpickoutthebestandleavethoseyouarenotsofondofbehind.（你可以挑出最好的，把那些你不喜歡的丟掉。）”可知，此處是講從傳統(tǒng)中挑出好的繼承，丟掉不好的，所以選項B“取其精華，留其糟粕?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選B。2.根據(jù)前文“Whateveryourfamilyenjoy,youcanpersonalizeyourtraditiontoinvolvetheelementsthatthewholefamilyenjoy.（無論你的家人喜歡什么，你都可以個性化你的傳統(tǒng)來包含全家人都喜歡的元素。）”可知，此處是講自己的家庭傳統(tǒng)可以與眾不同，所以選項E“所以看起來和其他家庭是否不同并不重要?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選E。3.根據(jù)前文“Searchtheworldforideas.（在世界各地尋找靈感）”和后文“Nomatterwhattheforeigntraditionsare,there’snoreasonwhyyoucan’tmakethemyoursalso.（不管外國傳統(tǒng)是什么，沒有理由不把它們也變成你的。）”可知，此處是講可以吸收全世界不同的文化和傳統(tǒng)，所以選項D“世界各地有不同的文化和傳統(tǒng)。”切合文意。故選D。4.根據(jù)前文“Onewaytofindideasistoaskfriendswhattheydo.（尋找靈感的一種方法是詢問朋友他們做什么）”可知，此處是講向朋友尋求建議，所以選項G“一般來說，他們可以幫助想出當?shù)氐幕顒雍徒ㄗh?！鼻泻衔囊?。故選G。5.根據(jù)后文“Forittobecomeatradition,itneedstobecontinuedyearafteryear.So,beforeyoumakethefinaldecision,tryitoutforfitforafewyearsandthinkabouthowitwillworkinthefuture.（要使它成為一種傳統(tǒng)，就需要年復(fù)一年地延續(xù)下去。所以，在你做出最終決定之前，先試用幾年，考慮一下它在未來的效果。）”可知，此處是講讓家庭傳統(tǒng)長期可行。所以選項A“讓它長期可行。”切合文意。故選A。完形填空【答案】21-25CBDBA26-30ADBBC31-35CDACB36-40DBACD【解析】這是一篇記敘文。喬·威爾以他的黑白涂鴉和所有的畫作聞名于世，被戲稱為“涂鴉男孩”，在Instagram上擁有超過10萬名粉絲。文章介紹了喬·威爾從事藝術(shù)的經(jīng)歷和現(xiàn)有的成就。1.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他被戲稱為“涂鴉男孩”，在Instagram上擁有超過10萬名粉絲。A.strangers陌生人；B.workers工人；C.followers粉絲；D.customers顧客。根據(jù)“onInstagram”可知，此處是指在Instagram上擁有超過10萬名粉絲。故選C。2.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他從小就渴望藝術(shù)。A.caringabout在意；B.longingfor渴望；C.passingdown遺傳；D.cheeringfor為……歡呼。根據(jù)“JoeWhaleisknownworldwideforhisblack-and-whitedoodles(涂鴉)andallpaintings”（喬·威爾以他的黑白涂鴉和所有繪畫作品而聞名于世）以及“Ialways______ontheblackboard,whichmademy______angry,andbroughtmemuch_______.”可知，此處是指他從小就渴望藝術(shù)。故選B。3.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是在黑板上畫畫，這使我的老師生氣，給我?guī)砹撕芏嗦闊?。A.climbed攀爬；B.wrote寫；C.exercised鍛煉；D.drew畫畫。根據(jù)前文“JoeWhaleisknownworldwideforhisblack-and-whitedoodles(涂鴉)andallpaintings”（喬·威爾以他的黑白涂鴉和所有繪畫作品而聞名于世）可知，此處是指總是在黑板上畫畫。故選D。4.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是在黑板上畫畫，這使我的老師生氣，給我?guī)砹撕芏嗦闊?。A.friends朋友；B.teachers老師；C.neighbors鄰居；D.trainers教練員。根據(jù)“ontheblackboard”可知，此處是指使老師生氣。故選B。5.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我總是在黑板上畫畫，這使我的老師生氣，給我?guī)砹撕芏嗦闊?。A.trouble麻煩；B.fortune財富；C.help幫助；D.pleasure快樂。根據(jù)“mademyteachersangry”可知，此處是指帶來了很多麻煩。故選A。6.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，他的父母發(fā)現(xiàn)了他的天賦，并為他報名參加了一個藝術(shù)俱樂部。A.talent天賦；B.achievement成就；C.mistake錯誤；D.difficulty困難。根據(jù)“signedhimupforanartclub”可知，此處是指他的父母發(fā)現(xiàn)了他的天賦。故選A。7.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當藝術(shù)俱樂部在Instagram上發(fā)布了喬的一些涂鴉時，當?shù)氐囊患也蛷d問喬的爸爸是否可以在他們的墻上涂鴉。A.doubted懷疑；B.sold售賣；C.received接收；D.posted發(fā)布。根據(jù)“onInstagram”和“askedJoe’sdadifhecoulddoodleontheirwall”可知，此處是指藝術(shù)俱樂部在Instagram上發(fā)布了喬的一些涂鴉。故選D。8.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當藝術(shù)俱樂部在Instagram上發(fā)布了喬的一些涂鴉時，當?shù)氐囊患也蛷d問喬的爸爸是否可以在他們的墻上涂鴉。A.government政府；B.restaurant餐廳；C.scientist科學(xué)家；D.fan風(fēng)扇。根據(jù)“askedJoe’sdadifhecoulddoodleontheirwall”可知，此處是指當?shù)氐囊患也蛷d。故選B。9.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實證明，這對顧客確實有吸引力。A.shock震驚；B.attraction有吸引力的事物；C.failure失??；D.relief釋放。根據(jù)“tocustomers”可知，此處是指墻上的涂鴉對顧客很有吸引力。故選B。10.考查形容詞短語辨析。句意：我不太習(xí)慣在一個很高的梯子上畫畫，所以我花了大約12個小時來完成這一切。A.concernedabout擔心；B.afraidof害怕；C.usedto習(xí)慣；D.tiredof厭倦。根據(jù)“soittookmeabout12hours”可知，此處是指不太習(xí)慣在一個很高的梯子上畫畫。故選C。11.考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我不太習(xí)慣在一個很高的梯子上畫畫，所以我花了大約12個小時來完成這一切。A.naturally自然地；B.sincerely真誠地；C.actually實際上；D.briefly簡短地。根據(jù)“doitall”以及“Iwasn’treally_____paintingonatallladder(梯子),”可知，此處是指實際上花了大約12個小時來完成一切。故選C。12.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著每一幅涂鴉的完成，他的繪畫技巧得到了進一步的發(fā)展。A.curiosity好奇心；B.bravery勇氣；C.chance機會；D.skill技巧。根據(jù)“Hedevelopedhispaintingfurther”可知，此處是指他的繪畫技巧得到了進一步的發(fā)展。故選D。13.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：喬在他的作品中有一些最喜歡的角色，包括外星人和怪物。A.characters角色；B.rules規(guī)則；C.dreams夢想；D.aims目標。根據(jù)“includingaliens(外星人)andmonsters”可知，此處是指喬在他的作品中有一些最喜歡的角色。故選A。14.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果他（想法）卡住了，他會從周圍的環(huán)境中尋找靈感。A.delighted高興的；B.bored無聊的；C.stuck卡住的；D.defeated被擊敗的。根據(jù)“heuseshissurroundingsforinspiration”可知，此處是指如果他在創(chuàng)作過程中卡住了。故選C。15.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：喬鼓勵所有的孩子都能從藝術(shù)中獲得樂趣。A.warns警告；B.encourages鼓勵；C.persuades勸說；D.requires要求。根據(jù)“tohavefunwithart”可知，此處是指鼓勵所有的孩子都能從藝術(shù)中獲得樂趣。故選B。16.考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他認為相信自己的內(nèi)心很重要，即使你被嘲笑。A.easy容易的；B.formal莊重的；C.original原創(chuàng)的；D.important重要的。根據(jù)“totrustyourownheart”和“Mostimportantly”（最重要的是）可知，此處是指相信自己的內(nèi)心很重要。故選D。17.考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他認為相信自己的內(nèi)心很重要，即使你被嘲笑。A.pickedup撿起；B.laughedat嘲笑；C.dependedon依靠；D.watchedover看守。根據(jù)“evenif”可知，此處是指即使被嘲笑也要相信自己的內(nèi)心。故選B。18.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：最重要的是，享受自己喜歡的事。A.love熱愛；B.imagine想象；C.remember記得；D.miss錯過。根據(jù)“havefundoing”可知，此處是指享受做自己熱愛的事情。故選A。19.考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：喬是埃里克·盧珀的新小說《壞食物：司康餅的游戲》的插畫師。A.game游戲；B.movie電影；C.novel小說；D.toy玩具。根據(jù)后文“Thebook”可知，此處是指埃里克·盧珀的新小說。故選C。20.考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這本書里全是喬的黑白涂鴉。A.marked做記號，做標記；B.covered覆蓋；C.mixed混合；D.filled充滿。根據(jù)“withJoe’sblack-and-whitedoodles”和“Joeistheillustrator”可知，此處是指這本書里全是喬的黑白涂鴉。故選D。語法填空【答案】41.pletely47.leaving48.caused49.tosay50.or【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。上周五，Vostok氣象站創(chuàng)造了一項新紀錄，這一次是有史以來最熱的3月份溫度：-18℃。1.考查介詞。句意：它因擁有地球上有記錄以來最冷的溫度而聞名：-89.2℃。根據(jù)“havingthecoldesttemperatureeverrecordedonEarth”可知，此處是指因擁有地球上有記錄以來最冷的溫度而聞名，befamousfor意為“因……而著名”，為固定搭配，所以此處應(yīng)用介詞for。故填for。2.考查冠詞。句意：但上周五，東方站創(chuàng)造了一項新紀錄，這一次是有史以來最熱的3月份溫度：-18℃。此處“newrecord”為第一次出現(xiàn)，所以應(yīng)用不定冠詞表示泛指，且new的發(fā)音為輔音音素開頭，故填a。3.考查形容詞的比較級。句意：南極洲的其他地區(qū)更熱。在even后應(yīng)用形容詞的比較級。故填hotter。4.考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：南極洲的一些地方預(yù)計將比正常溫度高出50℃。根據(jù)were可知，主語為復(fù)數(shù)。故填places。5.考查定語從句。句意：一位在南極研究天氣的科學(xué)家說，這些氣溫完全改變了我們對南極氣候系統(tǒng)的預(yù)期。在非限制性定語從句中缺少主語，且先行詞為scientist，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞who。故填who。6.考查副詞。句意：一位在南極研究天氣的科學(xué)家說，這些氣溫完全改變了我們對南極氣候系統(tǒng)的預(yù)期。修飾動詞changed應(yīng)用副詞completely表示“完全地”，作狀語。故填completely。7.考查動名詞。句意：但一旦到達南極洲，它就被一種叫做“壓力穹頂”的高壓系統(tǒng)阻止了。stop...fromdoing意為“阻止……做某事”，為固定搭配，此處